Theories of Translation

Source Language (SL) and Target

Language (TL).

Etymology:

The wordtranslation,etymologically, means a "carrying across" or

"bringing across": theLatintranslatioderives fromtransferre(trans,
"across" +ferre, "to bear").(Ferreis highly irregular;latusis its
participle.)
Some European languages have calqued their words for theconceptof
"translation" on the kindred Latintraducere("to lead across" or "to
bring across", fromtrans, "across" +ducere, "to lead" or "to bring").
European languages of the Romance, Germanic and Slavic branches
have calqued their terms for the concept of translation on these Latin
models.

Skopos theory

(from the German:Skopostheorie) is a

concept from the field of translation studies.
It provides an insight into the nature of
translation as a purposeful activity, which is
directly
applicable
to
everytranslation
project.
It
was
established
by
the
German
linguistHans Vermeerand comprises the idea
thattranslatingandinterpretingshould
primarily take into account thefunctionof
both thesourceandtarget text.