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Electromagnetism by Danrish
Electromagnetism by Danrish
Electromagnetism by Danrish
Name: ________________
Class: _________________
Index: ________________
Objectives
--draw the pattern of magnetic field due to currents in straight wires and in
solenoids and state the effect on the magnetic field of changing the magnitude
and/or direction of the current
--describe the applications of the magnetic effect of a current in a circuit breaker
--describe an experiment to show the force on a current-carrying conductor, and on
a beam of charged particles in a magnetic field, including the effect of reversing
(i)
the current
(ii)
--deduce the relative directions of force, field and current when any two of these
quantities are at right angles to each other using Flemings left-hand rule
--describe the field patterns between currents in parallel conductors and relate these
to the forces which exist between the conductors (excluding the Earths field)
(ii)
the current
Oersteds Experiment
Uses of Electromagnets
1) Circuit Breaker - A safety device that switches off the
electric supply when excessive current flows through the
circuit. Uses an electromagnet to open the circuit.
The basic circuit breaker consists of a
simple switch, connected to either a
bimetallic strip or an electromagnet. The
diagram on the left shows a typical
electromagnet design.
Normal condition
Uses of Electromagnets
2) Magnetic Relay - A device to control the switch of
another circuit without any direct electrical contact
between them.
Uses of Electromagnets
3) Electric Bell - The electromagnet
forms the core of the electric bell.
When the bell button is pressed, the
circuit is closed and current flows.
The electromagnet becomes
magnetised, attracting the soft iron
armature and the hammer strikes the
gong. However, the circuit will
break and the electromagnet loses its
magnetism and the springy metal
strip pull back the armature and the
circuit is closed again. The process
repeats.
Uses of Electromagnets
4) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI) - A popular method of
medical imaging that provides
views of tissues in the body. It is a
huge scanner containing a solenoid
made of superconductors.
A.C. motor
An AC motor is an electric motor that is driven by an alternating
current. It consists of two basic parts, an outside stationary stator
having coils supplied with alternating current to produce a rotating
magnetic field, and an inside rotor attached to the output shaft that is
given a torque by the rotating field.
AC Motor
Differences 1.
1.
to rotational mechanical
energy.
2.
3.
4.
Commutator present.
Cheap.
Fixed speed.
Requires direct current.
2.
3.
4.
Absence of commutator
(use slip rings).
Expensive.
Variable speed.
Requires alternating
current.
References
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/circuit-breaker2.htm
http://sciencecity.oupchina.com.hk/npaw/student/glossary/img/flemings_left_rule_1.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_PyvjcvYfRLk/SGNJZMpFH-I/AAAAAAAAAIc/iHWx7ovRjww/s400/
catapult-field.png
http://www.gonefcon.com/trucktcom/m_wire_force.jpg
http://www.aspexcorp.com/images/scan-coil-2.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Path_of_charged_particles_in_a_magne
tic_field.png
http://www.analog.com/library/analogdialogue/archives/41-06/AD41-06_FIG-13.jpg
http://www.analog.com/library/analogdialogue/archives/41-06/AD41-06_FIG-14.jpg
http://h2physics.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/forcebetweenwires.jpg
http://www.oneschool.net/Malaysia/UniversityandCollege/SPM/revisioncard/physics/electromagnetism/image
s/turning-effect-field.png
http://www.gcsescience.com/pme10.htm
http://keterehsky.wordpress.com/2010/03/10/8-2-force-in-electromagnet/
http://image.wistatutor.com/content/magnetic-effects-electric-current/dc-motor-parts.jpeg