11.

2MH1 LINEAR ALGEBRA

EXAMPLES 3: SPAN AND INDEPENDENCE

1. Determine if 3 4
in 4

1 6 lies in span 1 2

12

231

1321

2. Determine whether the given set of vectors spans the given vector space
(a) In 3 : 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 1
(b) In P2 : 1 x 3 x2 x
2 1
0 0
3
(c) In M22 :
0 0
2 1
0

1
0

0 0
3 1

3. Let V be a vector space and suppose u1 u2 u3 span V .

Let v1 u1 v2 u2 u1 v3 u3 . Prove that v1 v2 v3 also span V .
4. Let V be a vector space and let v V . If v is a linear combination of the vectors u1
un
and if each ui is a linear combination of the vectors w1
wm , prove that v is a linear
combination of w1
wm .
5. Determine whether the vectors 1 2 3
linearly independent.

12

4 2 in

6. Show that the vectors u1

0 3 1 1 , u2
6 0 5 1 and u3
dependent set in 4 .
Express each vector as a linear combination of the other two.

are
4

7 1 3 form a linearly

7. Determine a value for q such that the following vectors are linearly independent
1121

2123

1421

135q

8. Let V be a vector space and suppose that u1 u2 u3 are linearly independent vectors in V . Prove
that u1 u2 u2 u3 u3 are also linearly independent.
9. Let V be a vector space and let u v w
linearly dependent.

V . Show that the vectors u

vv

w and w

u are

10. Let V be a vector space and let S

u1
un
V . If S1 is a nonempty subset of S, prove
or give counterexamples to the following statements.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

If S spans V , then S1 spans V .

If S is linearly independent, then S1 is linearly independent.
If S1 spans V , then S spans V .
If S1 is linearly independent, then S is linearly independent.
1