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    ch06 PDF

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    of 3
    sa 18, procedure Cantor permutaion(n i atges with nz land <1 ple) + pF) — pl OF) From is ite equliy we consade tht p(2)-+(F) <1++ ENF) {2-We ill se mathenatcal abet to prove tha te inequity Holds fr m= 2 Let Pn) be he teen hat PU £)) = Se PCE) Bass PD se base PE\UE;) = pli) + (Es) ~ pil 0E3) = mE) + PLE. Inductive spe Aue that PQ) iso, Using ‘etl eae and he inductive Inpho hat PUL E) © Ua E+ Eve) = 5} aE) This Shot hat Ok 1) tee completing te pn by mate tai ndicon WeBseae EE ithe ete fale sac Ste event F can be pit ino tw dont jets: P= SAF S(EUE)NE ENF UENE), sig te dabei. Therefore, AE) = PEF) ENF) = AENF)+ aE nF) doe teetneveNs re dijon. Sabin (EF) em both ie wing he fat that p(E 9 P) =p): the hypo hat tnd F a inden), and coring, we ve FY TEP), Betawse 1 (6) pe), is sys tha EAE) = mE): pe asdaed Seay Oe en GS Shela 2.1/4 24/8 ay Nvindepende_ ) Not independent ©) Noid penken D.3/16 Ma) /2—OOSI25 WO tneas — gomrsoi2 3a) s/k SUK 0681 38a) pr WIP open ye @1—[ptn-p™ -— pl) 3. pS, Evdisthesum ‘of pls) for each outcome 6 in UJ Ei, Because the Eis az patvte dijo ths i hsm of the probabil ts ofall he oncom in any ofthe Es, which what SA We seria ans a ican anor beens ts sees convenes seo) JE =U, te gen icq now fllors from Role legs (Exercise 15)” b) The probability thraparcalarpyeraot ine hte all te py crs inte i sti (1/3) = 2+ Tees he pba hath aer det not do 0 1=2" 0 he probability that all mF of he payers non te jst ae unable teas ofa pret econ against everone i the ht is 27 Thais reciely pF). The fstinege- {flows immedi, cate ll te summands th ‘Sand here ae) ohm. this probably ss than |, then it must be possible that E fais, ie. that & happens. So there ie ourument hat met the onions of th sa problem a longa the second inequality hols fork'= 2,andm > 9 fork =3 41 perp rine) composite i=0 while compost Desa teni+l ‘hoose uniformly atrandom with 1-< B= m apply Mile’ test to base it fal the test then composite = true end ‘composite = true then print ("compose") lee print probably rime”) m221 Section 6.3 [NOTE: Inthe answers for Section 63, al poate given ‘in devimal formare rounded io thee decimal places. 1.3/5 3.3/4 S048] 7.9)0999)0324 9.090.740 b)026 0.002 “Ho99 MOT 183/17 1S.) 1/3 b)p(M = j|W =A) =f, j,and kare dis tint ptt kor) =i: p(M = j | and j #4 €)2/3_d) You should change dors, because you now have 2/3 chance twin by switching 17. The defition of contol probability telssthat pF | E)= pF) (Forth mumerr, asin sing he deftion of conditional baby, we ne DIEM E;) = PE | FE) 8 dese For the denon: fer, we show that p(B) = 32 AE |). The events EVVF parton he vet Etats (EF) NUE) = Gaon nou tho Fare mata tls) and Us(ENE,)=E toca te UF =5)- Theor, PE) = 52 ENF) = EE ELEN). 19.No 2. es "33 8y Bayes” Too, p(S |, 63) = plE Ey | S)p(SVLplE: Ez | S)p(S) + p(E. OE: | 3)pS) Becase we tasting no prior knowledge abou whether a message io io spam, west (8) = pS) = 0, and Sot eqaton boe simplest (S| Ey) = pl Ey| S\/[e(E, 0. E2| $) + plEy 1 | 53), Because of the asumed independence of, Ea and, weave ply F,1 8) = plEs |) plEs | Sand sist for Section 6.4 las agp sae 7170 HSoqmn 50071 o~ 503" Ihe 2) = Lhe PX =) = SE = ph tp = pel py Shall oF = ape py py Tisin W.diay rz'a9pit tpt Delp) 25j2 260. Se Ha) Wea tht and ae nde Toh andy angen, scammed posse (Xf) a nd a0, 04 0s ys Ih, Cpe eabiy WVatdtieubcnine poate ote oon ofr) Tas pO OAR =O) HP OH 9-(4n-+6)/3 18 p(X > sai and pls = 0) 2,50 is tue that p(y = 0. Xy ). Essentially the same caleulaton 4X) =1)= poy =0)pC%y = 1) Tht by de ton, Xu and My ae independent, The same reasoning Shs that and Nae independ Toa that and ar ot indeende ne bse Tax Bat AX = pty + (1/211/4) 1/8.) We see om te slain in part (0) tM, Xan areal Bell random varie, $0 te arin of each is (1241/2) = 18 There, Vo) + VO) + V0) = 3/4. We ue the aeons in par) vo ace ta BUA XA) = 3/2 an hen Vek ih 235) 5/8. 9 onto we part ‘Theorem tsb ta V(X + Nato XD 4 At Vidi Xa a) +V (Mi) inh inte sep of 2 pot by mathemati intone wold ae 0 ow that ks ast Xe and Ney ae pend bt we ‘Fo par (a) ht hs sot nese MBC = 10) Oa) Saal PO piza) Ba lO/it w0sNRt Hay Each e A permaatos ccs with robb I 50 FX) is the mer of conpaions, erage oe al ie perme fans b) vente let cones nT ond, {Xl bem mos nr 1/2 ellos fom he oma fermentation ht EX) 2 41/2. 0 Teslgnthm proens by comparing acne elements a then ap Bing thm een Ts th only way hat iene mets can Bcone nied than be congue and swapped. d) Because X(P) > 1(P) for all P, it fat- lows fom the deiton of expectation that F(X) = U0). ‘This smmaton cous | for every isc ofan i Sesion) This flows fom Theorem 3. By Tho fem 2 with n= Ith exgcation f [he prob 4 ata peels, pert. This ely 17a by symm) The summation npr (sos of C( 2) = nte— 2 term, each eq 01/230 he Sum n= 1) From pr a) an pt) we ow hat EC), he ej of ime at mst mr — 12a fom pr (and pr () we know that EC) sir) bho ich re Ole). MeL SRV Wake + YP) EN HYP = BO KY) (E00) + EYP = £0?) + 2800Y) + £0") — BECKY DECODED) — EWP = EO?) — FOXY + ZEUNT) — EUIEC) + FU) — EP =VIX) + 2600.1) + VO) Mada No Ih Supplementary Exercises 1.1/108.668 3. a) 1/C(52.13) bw 4/0152.13) 6) 2.948 656/C(52, 13) {8 38,338.872/C182. 13), $.2)9/2 w)21/4 7.a)9 21/2" 9.a)8_)49/6 Maya! by ptt — 9), where p = n/2-* Pn 13 esuactae IR 3/3 2/3 171/82 19.8) The probity that one wins 2* dollars is Answers to OddNumbered Exercises S43 1/2 because tat happens precisely when th player gots m — ‘all flloned by ahead The expected vale of he winnings herefore te sum of2" times 1/2 as gos from tint ity. Because eachofthese terms ,thesumisifite.Inoter ‘words one should be willing to wager any amount of money and expect come out ahead inthe long run. b) 9, 89 2.ay 1/3 when § = (1.2,3,4,5.6,7,8,9,10, 1112), 1, 2,3.4,5,6,7, 8,9}, and B= (1.2.3.4): 1/l2 when 1,2,3415°6,7,8,9,10,11,12),4= (4,5,6,7.8., 10,11. 12) and 8 = [1,2.3.4) bP when $= (1.2, $6,789, 10.11.12). A= (4,5,6,7,8,9,10, 1112), and B= (1.2.3.4), 3/4 when $= 1,2/3.8,8,6,7.8.9, 11,2.3.4,5,6,7.8,9} andB = (1.2.3.4 Ban EL ED) = HEDED ples 9 By) = pte) (Es) ps7 Es) = ppb). EE E)= PLE) PES)AES) byes. e)esies | d)Yesino OF Anat I.VGK $8) = ElaX +H))— Flak + bf = EUW? + 24BN +) — (a) +h = EEX?) E(Qabx) + E(!) — [@ EX) + 2abE(X) +B PEUX?) + 2adE(X) + 6 — GPE(AY ~ 2abE(X) B= aE(A)— EUK)!] =aFV(X) 27-To count every lement in the sample space exacly once, we must include ‘every element in each of the sets and then take aay the 0, this equation lls 1s that gm > 1 80 q > Im Because g = 1, this equation also implies tit [nr ~ 1/2}¢ = gm = 1

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