Photodiode

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Cutovnguynlhotng
Xthaitmbndn,mtthucloiNvmtthucloiP,ghptipxcnhau.
Timttipxchnhthnhmtvngnghohtdnvtivngnytntimtintrngvhnhthnhhng
rothVb.
Khikhngcinthngoitlnchuyntip(V=0),dmginchyquachuyntipi=0,thctdngI
chnhldngtngcngcahaidnginbngnhauvngcchiu:
Dngkhuchtncchtcbnsinhrakhiionhocctpcht(ltrongtrongbndnloiP,inttrongbn
dnloiN)donnglngnhitcacchtdncbnlnvtquahngroth.
Dng ht dn khng c bn sinh ra do kch thch nhit (in t trong bn dn P, l trng trong bn dn N)
chuynngditcdngcaintrngEtrongvngngho.

Hnh8.1:SchuyntipPNvhiungquangintrongvngngho
Khicinptlnit,hngroththayikotheosthayidnghtcbnvbrngvngngho.
Dnginquachuyntip:

Khiinpngcln:

chiucaohngrothlnnmcdngkhuchtncacchtcbntrnnrtnhvcthbquavch
cnlidngngccait,khii=I0.
Khichiusngitbngbcxcbcsngnhhnbcsngngng,sxuthinthmcccpint
ltrng.cchtdnnythamgiadnincnphingncnstihpcachng,tclnhanhchngtch
ri cp in t l trng. S tch cp in t l trng ch xy ra trong vng ngho nh tc dng ca in

trng.
Shtdncgiiphngphthucvothnglngnhsngttivngnghovkhnnghpthca
vngny.Thnglngnhsngchiutivngnghophthucngkvochiudylpvtliumni
qua:

Tronghs105cm1.tngthnglngnhsngnvngnghongitachtoitviphinbn
dnchiudyrtb.
Kh nng hp th bc x ph thuc rt ln vo b rng vng ngho. tng kh nng m rng vng ngho
ngitadngitPIN,lpbndnringIkpgiahailpbndnPvN,viloiitnychcninp
ngcvivncthmrngvngnghoratonblpbndnI.

Hnh8.2:CutoitloiPIN

Chhotng
Chquangdn:
Snguynl(hnh8.3a)gmmtngunEsphnccngcitvmtintrRmotnhiu.

Hnh8.3:Snguynlvchlmvic
Dngngcquait:

(8.1)

TrongIPldngquangin:

(8.2)

KhiinpngcVdln,thnhphn

tac:

Thngthng

Phngtrnhmchin:

TrongVR=RmIrchophpvngthngti(hnh8.3b).
Dnginchytrongmch:

imlmviccaitlimgiaonhaugiangthngtivngctuynIVvithnglngtng
ng.Chlmvicnyltuyntnh,VRtlvithnglng.
Chquangth:
Trongchnykhngcinpngoitvoit.itlmvicnhmtbchuyninnglngtng
ngvimtmyphtvngitaothhmchV0ChocodngngnmchISC.
othhmch:Khichiusng,dngIPtnglmchohngrothgimmtlng?Vb.Sgimchiucao
hngrothlmchodnghtdncbntngln,khitcnbngIr=0.

gimchiucaoVbcahngrothc thxcnhcthngquao in pgiahai uit khih

mch.

KhichiusngyuIP<<I0:

TrongtrnghpnyVOC(kT/q=26mV300K)nhnhngphthuctuyntnhvothnglng.
Khichiusngmnh,Ip>>I0vtac:

TrongtrnghpnyVOCcgitrtngiln(c0,10,6V)nhngphthucvothnglngtheohm
logarit.

Hnh8.4:Sphthuccathhmchvothnglng
o dng ngn mch: Khi ni ngn mch hai u it bng mt in tr nh hn r no , dng on mch I
chnhbngIvtlvithnglng(hnh8.5):

Hnh8.5:Sphthuccadngngn
mchvothnglngnhsng
cimquantrngcachnylkhngcdngti,nhvycthgimnhiuvchophpocthng
lngnh.

nhy
ivibcxcphxcnh,dngquanginIPtltuyntnhvithnglngtrongmtkhongtngi
rng,c56decad.nhyphxcnhtheocngthc:

Vi=s.
nhyphphthucvo,hiusutlngt,hsphnxRvhshpth.

Hnh8.6:Phnhycaphotodiode
NgisdngcnphibitnhyphdatrnngcongphhipS()/S(P)vgitrcabcsng
Pngvinhycci.ThngthngS(P)nmtrongkhong0,11,0A/W.

Hnh8.9:Sphthuccanhyvonhit
Khi nhit tng, cc i P ca ng cong ph dch chuyn v pha bc sng di. H s nhit ca dng
quangdn

cgitrkhong0,1%/oC.

Sngdngphotodiode
Slmvicchquangdn:
ctrngcachquangdn:
+tuyntnhcao.
+Thigianhipngn.
+Dithngln.
Hnh8.9trnhbysodngngctrongchquangdn.
Scs(hnh8.10a):

Hnh8.10:Smchodngngctrongchquangdn
KhitngintrRmslmgimnhiu.Tngtrvocamchkhuchiphilntrnhlmgimintrti
hiudngcait.
Stcngnhanh(hnh8.10b):

intrcaiotnhvbng

trongKlhskhuchitnslmvic.TC2ctcdngbtrnhhngcatksinhCplviiukin
.Bkhuchiyphicdngvortnhvssuygimdonhitcngphikhngngk.

Slmvicchquangth:
ctrngcachquangth:
+Cthlmvicchtuyntnhhoclogarittuthucvoti.
+tnhiu.
+Thigianhipln.
+Dithngnh.
+Nhycmvinhitchlogarit.
Stuyntnh(hnh8.11a):odngngnmchIsc.
Trongchny:

Slogarit(hnh8.11b):oinphmchVoc.