MEEM 3700

Mechanical Vibrations
Mohan D. Rao
Chuck Van Karsen
Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics
Michigan Technological University
Copyright 2003

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Rotating Unbalance

Unbalance in rotating machinery is one of the

main causes of vibration.

m0
m

M
k

Issues:
1.) What is the magnitude X of the steady state motion of the mass?
mass?
2.) How much force is transmitted to the foundation (ground)?
Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance
& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Rotating Unbalance
me 2

me 2 sin (t )

me 2 cos (t )

m
M

F = ( M m ) &&x
x

M = total system mass

m = unbalance mass
kx

cx&

e = eccentricity

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Rotating Unbalance

F = ( M m ) &&x
x

kx cx& + m e 2 sin (t ) &&

x = ( M m ) &&
x
kx cx& + me 2 sin (t ) = Mx&&

Mx&& + cx& + kx = me 2 sin (t )

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Rotating Unbalance
Mx&& + cx& + kx = me 2 sin (t ) = Fo sin (t )

xss ( t ) = X sin (t )

Steady state solution

Xk
Xk
=
=
Fo me 2
1 r2

Fo = me 2

+ ( 2 r )

2 r
2
1 r

= tan 1

Alternative form: Change k = M n 2 and use r = / n

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance
& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Rotating Unbalance
Mx&& + cx& + kx = me 2 sin (t ) = Fo sin (t )

xss ( t ) = X sin (t )

Alternative form:

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

MX
=
me
1 r2

MEEM 3700

r2

+ ( 2 r )

Rotating Unbalance

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

Equation form:

MEEM 3700

Vibration Isolation
General Harmonic Force

Force due to Rotating Unbalance

Fo cos (t )

e
x

x
M

What is the force transmitted to the foundation?

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance
& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Vibration Isolation
Fo cos (t ) or me 2 sin (t )

cx&

kx

FT = force transmitted to base

.

FT = kx + c x = X cos ( t ) c X sin ( t )
Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance
& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

Vibration Isolation

Magnitude of total transmitted force

1

2
2
FT = ( kx ) + ( cx& ) = X k 2 + 2 c 2 , but

Xk
Xk
=
=
Fo me 2
1 r2

1 , hence
2

+ ( 2 r )

1
2
2
Fo k 2 + ( c )

FT =
1
2
2
k m 2 + ( c )2

F
F
Transmissibility (Tr ) T = T 2
Fo me
Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance
& Force Transmissibility

k 2 + ( c )
FT

Tr =
=
Fo k m 2 2 + ( c )2

MEEM 3700

10

Vibration Isolation

FT 1 + ( 2 r )

=
Tr =
2
2
Fo 1 r + ( 2 r )

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility

MEEM 3700

11

MEEM 3700

12

Vibration IsolationIsolationForce Transmissibility

Lecture 11-Rotating Unbalance

& Force Transmissibility