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  • Amino Acids: Structure, Properties

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    Davian Whyte
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    Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They contain a central carbon atom that gives them chirality, allowing for left- and right-handed mirror image forms. At physiological pH, amino acids exist as zwitterions with both positive and negative charges. Their properties are determined by the ionization of their acid and amine groups and the variable side chain attached to the central carbon. There are 20 common amino acids that make up proteins, and they differ in properties like hydrophobicity, polarity, and ability to absorb UV light due to their varying side chains.

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    Biochemistry Amino Acids

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    Amino Acids 2008

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    Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They contain a central carbon atom that gives them chirality, allowing for left- and right-handed mirror image forms. At physiological pH, amino acids exist as zwitterions with both positive and negative charges. Their properties are determined by the ionization of their acid and amine groups and the variable side chain attached to the central carbon. There are 20 common amino acids that make up proteins, and they differ in properties like hydrophobicity, polarity, and ability to absorb UV light due to their varying side chains.

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    11 views27 pages

    Amino Acids: Structure, Properties

    Uploaded by

    Davian Whyte
    Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They contain a central carbon atom that gives them chirality, allowing for left- and right-handed mirror image forms. At physiological pH, amino acids exist as zwitterions with both positive and negative charges. Their properties are determined by the ionization of their acid and amine groups and the variable side chain attached to the central carbon. There are 20 common amino acids that make up proteins, and they differ in properties like hydrophobicity, polarity, and ability to absorb UV light due to their varying side chains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Aminoacids

    Structure,properties
    1

    1. Structure of amino acids


    2. Properties of amino acids:
    ionization
    hydrophobicity
    Aminoacidsarebuildingblocksofproteins;
    Proteinsaremostabundantmacromoleculesinliving
    cells;
    Proteinsareassembledfrom20aminoacidsandthe
    sequencedeterminesthepropertiesofindividual
    proteins;

    Chiralcarbon

    Thesidechaindetermines
    thepropertiesofaminoacids
    (hydrophobicityetc.)

    AAsexistasstereoisomerscompoundswiththesame
    molecularformulathatdifferinthearrangement
    (configuration).Twostereoisomersthatare
    nonsuperimposablemirrorimagesexistforeachchiralamino
    acid(enantiomers).
    19outof20commonaminoacidsarestereoisomers
    (exception:glycine)

    ThemirrorimagepairsofAAs:
    D(dextro;inLatindexter~right)
    L(levo;inLatinlaevus~left)
    InFischerprojectionshorizontalbondsextendtowardthe
    viewer,andtheverticalbondsextendaway

    Ionizationofaminoacids:
    pKaofCOOHgroup:

    1.82.5

    pKaofaNH2group:

    8.710.7

    AtphysiologicalpHAAsarezwitterions(dipolarionswithboth
    positiveandnegativecharge).
    Thephysicalpropertiesofaminoacidsareinfluencedbytheionic
    statesofthecarboxylandaminogroupsandbyionizable
    groupsinthesidechains.
    Eachaminoacidhaseither2or3pKavalues,andthesevalues
    differamongtheaminoacids.Consequently,atagivenpH,AAs
    havedifferentnetcharges.

    AAsdifferintheRgroup.
    TheAAscanbegroupedintoclassesbasedontheproperties
    oftheRgroups,inparticularthepolarityortendencyto
    interactwithwateratphysiologiocalpH.
    Hydropathymeasureofhydrophobicityofaminoacids.

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    AromaticaminoacidsabsorbUVlightat280nm.

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