Biodiversiti

BAB

Biodiversity

Anda akan mempelajari

BIODIVERSITI/BIODIVERSITY
melibatkan/involves

Haiwan

Tumbuhan

Animals

Plants

dikelaskan kepada

dikelaskan kepada

classified as

Vertebrata

Invertebrata
classified as

examples

Beluncas

Caterpillar

Non-flowering
plants

dikelaskan kepada

contoh

Ant

Tumbuhan
tidak berbunga

Vertebrates

Invertebrates

Semut

classified as

Mamalia

Ikan

Mammals

Fish

Amfibia

contoh
examples

Birds

dikelaskan kepada
classified as

Monocotyledons

Alga

Algae

Reptilia

Flowering plants

Monokotiledon

Burung

Amphibians

Tumbuhan
berbunga

Lumut
Mosses

Reptiles

Dikotiledon
Dicotyledons

contoh

contoh

Pokok jagung

Pokok durian

example

Maize plant

example

Durian tree

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Objektif Pembelajaran

Tarikh:

3.1 Memahami kepelbagaian organisma hidup dan pengelasannya

AKTIVITI

3.1 PERBINCANGAN

Pengelasan haiwan

PPPM
Kontekstual

Classification of animals

1 Kelaskan haiwan-haiwan yang berikut kepada invertebrata dan vertebrata.

Classify the following animals into invertebrates and vertebrates.

Belalang/Grasshopper
Penguin/Penguin

Ketam/Crab
Siput/Snail

Belut/Eel
Itik/Duck

Lipas/Cockroach
Katak/Frog

Band 1

Kuda/Horse
Ular/Snake

Band 3

Semut/Ant
Lebah/Bee

Haiwan/Animals
Invertebrata/Invertebrates
Siput/Snail
Lipas/Cockroach
Semut/Ant

Katak/Frog
Belut/Eel
Ular/Snake

Itik/Duck
Penguin/Penguin
Kuda/Horse

(a) Haiwan invertebrata ialah haiwan yang tidak mempunyai tulang belakang.
Invertebrates

(b)

BAB

Lebah/Bee
Belalang/Grasshopper
Ketam/Crab

Vertebrata/Vertebrates

are animals which do not have backbones.

Haiwan vertebrata

ialah haiwan yang mempunyai tulang belakang.

Vertebrates

are animals which have backbones.

2 Kelaskan haiwan-haiwan vertebrata yang berikut.

Band 1

Band 3

Classify the following vertebrates.

Penyu/Turtle
Ular/Snake
Ikan yu/Shark

Belut/Eel
Katak/Frog
Kodok/Toad

Ayam/Chicken
Ikan gapi/Guppy
Tikus/Rat

Helang/Eagle
Penguin/Penguin
Kambing/Goat

Kura-kura/Tortoise
Harimau/Tiger
Rusa/Deer

Vertebrata/Vertebrates
Ikan

Amfibia

Reptilia

Burung

Mamalia

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Belut/Eel
Ikan yu/Shark
Ikan gapi/Guppy

Katak/Frog
Kodok/Toad

Penyu/Turtle
Kura-kura/Tortoise
Ular/Snake

Ayam/Chicken
Helang/Eagle
Penguin/Penguin

Harimau/Tiger
Kambing/Goat
Tikus/Rat
Rusa/Deer

3 Tandakan ( ) haiwan vertebrata yang tergolong sebagai mamalia.

Tick ( ) the vertebrates belonging to mammals.

Platipus
Platypus

Penyu

Kelawar

Tenggiling

Turtle

Bat

Pangolin

Ikan lumba-lumba
Dolphin

Ikan paus

Landak

Whale

Porcupine

Penguin
Penguin

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AKTIVITI

Pengelasan haiwan vertebrata berdasarkan ciri sepunya

3.2 PERBINCANGAN

Classification of vertebrates based on their common characteristics

PPPM
Kontekstual

1 Kelaskan haiwan-haiwan di bawah berdasarkan ciri-ciri sepunya.

Band 3

Classify the animals shown below based on their common characteristics.

Ikan/Fish

BAB

Mamalia/Mammal

Burung/Bird

Reptilia/Reptile

Amfibia/Amphibian

Ciri/Characteristics
(a) Organ
pernafasan

Breathing organs

Vertebrata/Vertebrates
Ikan

Insang
Gills

Fish

Kulit lembap

Amfibia

Moist skin

Amphibians

Peparu

Reptilia, burung, mamalia, amfibia

Lungs

(b) Jenis darah

Types of blood

(c) Jenis pembiakan

Types of
reproduction

(d) Jenis
persenyawaan

Types of fertilisation

(e) Bersisik

Scales

Reptile, bird, mammal, amphibians

Ikan, amfibia, reptilia

Berdarah sejuk
Cold-blooded

Fish, amphibian, reptile

Berdarah panas

Burung, mamalia

Warm-blooded

Bird, mammal

Bertelur

Ikan, amfibia, reptilia, burung

Lay eggs

Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird

Melahirkan anak

Mamalia

Give birth

Mammal

Dalam

Reptilia, burung, mamalia

Internal

Reptile, bird, mammal

Luar

Ikan, amfibia

External

Fish, amphibian

Sisik kering

Reptilia, burung (kaki)

Dry scales

Reptile, bird (legs)

Sisik berlendir

Ikan/Fish

Slimy scales

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AKTIVITI

3.3 PERBINCANGAN

Pengelasan haiwan vertebrata berdasarkan ciri sepunya

Classification of vertebrates based on their common characteristics

PPPM
Kontekstual

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan haiwan P, Q, R dan S.

Band 3

The diagram below shows animals P, Q, R and S.

BAB

(a) Perhatikan haiwan-haiwan dalam rajah di atas.

Observe the animals in the diagram above.

Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda, nyatakan satu ciri bagi setiap haiwan itu.

Based on your observations, state one characteristic for each animal.

P: Mempunyai sisik kering/Has dry scales
Q: Mempunyai bulu/kaki/Has fur/legs

R: Mempunyai kaki/kepak/bulu pelepah/Has legs/wings/feathers

S: Mempunyai kaki/cangkerang keras/Has legs/hard shell

(b) Kelaskan haiwan-haiwan itu kepada dua kumpulan berdasarkan ciri-ciri sepunya. Namakan
haiwan bagi setiap kumpulan itu.
Classify the animals into two groups based on the common characteristics. Name the animals belonging to each
group.

P, Q, R, S

Ciri-ciri sepunya

Berkaki/Have legs

Tidak berkaki/No legs

Arnab/Rabbit
Helang/Eagle
Kura-kura/Tortoise

Ular/Snake

Common characteristics

Nama haiwan
Name of the animals

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AKTIVITI

3.4 PERBINCANGAN

Pengelasan tumbuhan berbunga

PPPM
Kontekstual

Classification of flowering plants

1 Kelaskan tumbuhan berbunga yang berikut kepada tumbuhan monokotiledon dan dikotiledon.
Classify the flowering plants into monocotyledons and dicotyledons.

Pokok
Pokok
Pokok
Pokok

BAB

padi/Paddy plant
jagung/Maize plant
bunga ros/Rose plant
tebu/Sugarcane plant

Band 1

Orkid/Orchid
Rumput/Grass
Pokok betik/Papaya tree
Pokok durian/Durian tree

Pokok
Pokok
Pokok
Pokok

Band 3

getah/Rubber tree
kelapa/Coconut tree
keembung/Balsam plant
bunga raya/Hibiscus plant

Tumbuhan berbunga/Flowering plants

Monokotiledon/Monocotyledons

Dikotiledon/Dicotyledons

Pokok padi/Paddy plant

Orkid/Orchid
Pokok jagung/Maize plant
Rumput/Grass
Pokok kelapa/Coconut tree
Pokok tebu/Sugarcane plant

Pokok
Pokok
Pokok
Pokok
Pokok
Pokok

getah/Rubber tree
bunga ros/Rose plant
betik/Papaya tree
keembung/Balsam plant
durian/Durian tree
bunga raya/Hibiscus plant

2 Nyata dan lukiskan (jika ada) ciri-ciri tumbuhan monokotiledon dan dikotiledon.

Band 3

State and draw (if any) the characteristics of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.

Keras dan berkayu/Hard and woody

Lembut dan tidak berkayu/Soft and non-woody
Jejala/Network

Tunjang/Tap
Satu/One
Dua/Two

Selari/Parallel
Serabut/Fibrous

Ciri

Monokotiledon

Dikotiledon

Characteristic

Monocotyledon

Dicotyledon

Jenis urat daun

Type of leaf vein

selari

Berurat
Parallel

jejala

Berurat
Network

veins

veins

Jenis akar
Type of root

Akar

serabut
Fibrous

Jenis batang

tunjang

Akar
Tap

roots

root

Lembut dan tidak berkayu

Soft and non-woody

Keras dan berkayu

Type of stem

Bilangan kotiledon

Satu

Dua

Number of cotyledons

One

Hard and woody

Two

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AKTIVITI

3.5 PERBINCANGAN

Pengelasan tumbuhan tidak berbunga

PPPM
Kontekstual

Classification of non-flowering plants

Namakan tumbuhan tidak berbunga mengikut kumpulannya dalam petak yang disediakan. Kemudian,
Band 3
tandakan ( ) tumbuhan tidak berbunga yang mempunyai klorofil. 
Name the non-flowering plants according to their groups in the boxes provided. Then, mark ( ) the non-flowering plants
which have chlorophyll.

Cendawan/Mushroom
Rumpai laut/Seaweed
Yis/Yeast

Spirogira/Spirogyra
Lumut hati/Liverwort
Mukor/Mucor

Paku langsuyar/Birds nest fern

Klamidomonas/ Chlamydomonas

1 (a)

Lumut/Moss

(b)

(c)

Spirogira

Rumpai laut

Spirogyra

Lumut hati

Chlamydomonas

Liverwort

Kulat/Fungi
3 (a)

(b)

Paku pakis/Ferns
4

(c)

Cendawan
Mushroom

Klamidomonas

Seaweed

BAB

Alga/Algae

Yis

Mukor

Yeast

Paku langsuyar

Mucor

Birds nest fern

Tarikh:

AKTIVITI PENGUKUHAN KEFAHAMAN

Lengkapkan pengelasan haiwan dan tumbuhan dalam peta dakap di bawah.
Complete the classification of animals and plants in the brace map below.

(a) Pengelasan haiwan/Classification of animals

(b) Pengelasan tumbuhan/Classification of plants

Tumbuhan

Monokotiledon

Invertebrata

berbunga

Monocotyledon

Invertebrates

Flowering

Dikotiledon

plants

Dicotyledon

HAIWAN

TUMBUHAN
PLANTS

Ikan/Fish

ANIMALS

Tumbuhan
tidak
berbunga

Amfibia/Amphibians
Vertebrata
Vertebrates

Reptilia/Reptiles
Burung/Birds

Non-flowering
plants

Mamalia/Mammals

Alga/Algae
Kulat/Fungi
Lumut/Mosses
Paku pakis/Ferns

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REVISI EKSPRES

1 Kelaskan haiwan vertebrata yang diberikan./Classify the vertebrates given.

Katak/Frog
Penyu/Turtle
Ular/Snake

Belut/Eel
Kodok/Toad
Ikan yu/Shark

Tenggiling/Pangolin
Angsa/Goose
Buaya/Crocodile

Ikan paus/Whale
Kelawar/Bat
Penguin/Penguin

Helang/Eagle
Ikan lumba-lumba/Dolphin
Kura-kura/Tortoise

(a) Ikan/Fish: Belut, ikan yu/Eel, shark

(b) Amfibia/Amphibians: Katak, kodok/Frog, toad

BAB

(c) Reptilia/Reptiles: Penyu, ular, buaya, kura-kura/Turtle, snake, crocodile, tortoise

(d) Burung/Birds: Helang, angsa, penguin/Eagle, goose, penguin
(e) Mamalia/Mammals: Tenggiling, ikan paus, kelawar, ikan lumba-lumba/Pangolin, whale, bat, dolphin
2 Berdasarkan ciri-ciri, nyatakan jenis haiwan vertebrata (ikan, amfibia, reptilia, burung atau mamalia).
Based on the characteristics, state the types of vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds or mammals).

(a) Organ pernafasan/Breathing organs

(i) Insang/Gills: Ikan/Fish
(ii) Kulit lembap/Moist skin: Amfibia/Amphibians
(iii) Peparu/Lungs: Reptilia, burung, mamalia, amfibia/Reptiles, birds, mammals, amphibians

(b) Jenis darah/Types of blood

(i) Berdarah sejuk/Cold-blooded: Ikan, amfibia, reptilia/Fish, amphibians, reptiles

(ii) Berdarah panas/Warm-blooded: Burung, mamalia/Birds, mammals

(c) Jenis pembiakan/Types of reproduction

(i) Bertelur/Lays eggs: Ikan, amfibia, reptilia, burung/Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds

(ii) Melahirkan anak/Gives birth: Mamalia/Mammals
(d) Jenis persenyawaan/Types of fertilisation

(i) Dalam/Internal: Reptilia, burung, mamalia/Reptiles, birds, mammals
(ii) Luar/External: Ikan, amfibia/Fish, amphibians

3 Lengkapkan pengelasan tumbuhan yang berikut.

Complete the following classification of plants.

Pokok padi/Paddy plant

Pokok jagung/Maize plant

Alga/Algae
Paku pakis/Ferns

Kulat/Fungi
Lumut/Mosses

Tumbuhan berbunga/Flowering plants

Tumbuhan tidak berbunga

Non-flowering plants

Alga/Algae; Paku pakis/Ferns

Kulat/Fungi; Lumut/Mosses

Pokok durian/Durian tree

Pokok keembung/Balsam plant

Monokotiledon/Monocotyledons
Pokok padi/Paddy plant
Pokok jagung/Maize plant

Dikotiledon/Dicotyledons
Pokok durian/Durian tree
Pokok keembung/Balsam plant

4 Bulatkan ciri-ciri bagi tumbuhan monokotiledon dan dikotiledon.

Circle the characteristics of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.

Ciri/Characteristic
(a) Jenis daun

Type of leaf

Monokotiledon/Monocotyledon

Dikotiledon/Dicotyledon

Berurat selari

Berurat jejala

Berurat selari

Berurat jejala

Parallel veins

Network veins

Parallel veins

Network veins

(b) Jenis akar

Akar tunjang

Akar serabut

Akar tunjang

Akar serabut

Tap root

Fibrous root

Tap root

Fibrous root

Type of root

(c) Bilangan kotiledon

Satu

Dua

Satu

Dua

One

Two

One

Two

(d) Jenis batang

Berkayu

Tidak berkayu

Berkayu

Tidak berkayu

Woody

Non-woody

Woody

Non-woody

Number of cotyledons
Type of stem

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PRAKTIS PENGUKUHAN
Arahan: Jawab semua soalan.
Instructions: Answer all questions.

1 (a) Farah mengkaji carta tentang pengelasan haiwan. Tulis reptilia, burung dan mamalia berdasarkan haiwan
yang diberi dalam peta pokok di bawah.
Farah studies the chart on the classification of animals. Write reptiles, birds or mammal based on the given animals
in the tree map below.

Haiwan/Animals

BAB

Invertebrata

Vertebrata

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Semut/Ant
Labah-labah/Spider

Ikan

Amfibia

Fish

Amphibians

(i) Burung
Birds

(ii) Mamalia

(iii) Reptilia

Mammals

Reptiles

Belut

Katak

Penguin

Kelawar

Penyu

Eel

Frog

Penguin

Bat

Turtle

[3 markah/3 marks]
(b) Tuliskan Benar atau Palsu bagi pernyataan yang berikut tentang amfibia.
Write True or False for the following statements on amphibians.

(i) Melakukan persenyawaan dalam

Palsu

Carry out internal fertilisation

False

(ii) Bernafas melalui peparu

Benar

Breathe through lungs

True

[2 markah/2 marks]
(c) Haiwan X dan Y merupakan vertebrata.
Animals X and Y are vertebrates.

Haiwan X

Haiwan Y

Animal X

Animal Y

Tandakan ( ) satu perbezaan antara haiwan X dengan haiwan Y.

Tick ( ) one difference between the animals X and Y.

(i) Haiwan X berdarah panas manakala haiwan Y berdarah sejuk.

Animal X has warm blooded while animal Y has cold-blooded.

(ii) Haiwan X bertelur manakala haiwan Y melahirkan anak.

Animal X lays egg while animal Y gives birth.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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