Francis

MAIN COMPONENT OF
TURBINE
RUNNER:The

Runner is connected to the

turbine shaft by through-bolts with nut &
locking device.
SPIRAL CASE: The spiral case is of the
spiral or volute type built up from steel
plates by welding. The design shall be such
that hydraulic losses are minimised.

MAIN COMPONENT OF
TURBINE
STAY RING:

The stay ring is designed to transmit

the required loads to the concrete based on the
design of the generating unit.
BOTTOM RING: The bottom ring is made from
cast steel or welded steel plate.
WICKET GATES: The turbine is equipped with
one set of cast stainless steel wicket gates. The
gates shall be uniform in shape,and their profile be
such as to direct properly & accelerate gradually
the water entering

MAIN COMPONENT OF
TURBINE
TURBINE

SHAFT
DRAFT TUBE LINER
DRAFT TUBE CONE
TURBINE GUIDE BEARING
SHAFT SEAL
SERVOMOTOR

AUXILLIARIES
COOLING

WATER SYSTEM
CGL SYSTEM
COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM
GOVERNING SYSTEM
HS SYSTEM
OLU & OPU
INTER PAD COOLING SYSTEM
BRAKE DUST COLLECTOR SYSTEM

MAIN INLET VALVE

CLASSIFICATION OF
TURBINES
Types of
of Turbine
Turbine
Types
Kaplan
Kaplan

Francis
Francis

Pelton
Pelton

Medium &
& lower
lower
Medium
head up
up to
to 80
80 m
m
head
when discharge
discharge
when
& load
load vary
vary widely
widely
&

Medium &
& high
high
Medium
Heads in
in the
the range
range
Heads
of 30-550m,
30-550m, turbine
turbine
of
discharge varying
varying
discharge
in acceptable
acceptable limit
limit
in

Heads greater
greater than
than
Heads
400m varying
varying head,
head,
400m
discharge and
and
discharge
load conditions
conditions
load

CROSS-SECTION OF A
TURBINE UNIT

STAY VANES & GUIDE

VANES