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History of Computers to about 1950

I'm still working on this page--and it needs it.. Your suggestions are welcome.
Computers were originally people (often women) who did the thousands of calculations
needed to produce the navigation and tide tables and astronomical almanacs needed by
burgeoning sail born trade. The problem was the calculations were slow and full of errors.
Before that business and trade required many people to keep ledgers and accounts. Humans are
the tool-making species and so its natural that we have searched for hundreds of years for a way
to mechanize our math.
Mechanical Computers
The abacus (300 B.C., Babylonia) aided addition and
subtraction. The oldest used pebbles in slots. Five in the lower
area represented the fingers and two above represented two
hands.
John Napier invented logarithms (1617, Scotland) which
allowed multiplication using addition. Each operand was looked
up in a log table. The idea led directly to the slide rule (1632,
England) which we (engineers) used during the Apollo program.
Even Leonardo da Vinci had a design for a gear-driven
calculating machine. Blaise Pascal (France, 1642) built
the first gear-driven calculator (actually just an adder). It
unfortunately made mistakes because you couldnt make
gears with enough precision back then.
Mathematician Gottfried Leibniz (Germany, about
1650) built a calculator that could add, subtract, multiply, and divide. Leibniz even suggested
that binary numbers would be useful in calculating. He invented the modern binary numbering
system (and a lot of other things, including coinventing calculus).
Joseph Jacquard (France, 1801) invented a
powered loom that used punched wooden cards to
automatically weave incredibly detailed patterns
including pictures and text. You could think of
this as being the first read only memory. It was
certainly the predecessor of the computer punch
card. Power for the loom came from water wheel
or steam engine.

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