Analysis of rectangular sections (Working Stress Method)

a) Singly reinforced rectangular section

INPUT DATA
b
D
cc
dia
no.
f ck
st

mm
mm
mm
mm

25 N/mm2
230 N/mm2

OUTPUT DATA
d
cbc
Ast
m
p
k
j
k bal
s
Mall

1000
5000
150
36
10

4832 mm
8.5 N/mm2
10179 mm2
10.98
0.0021
0.19
0.94

101.79 cm2
=

0.21 %

0.29
230.00 N/mm2
10583781324.317 N-mm

10583.78 kN-m

b) Doubly reinforced rectangular section

INPUT DATA
b
D
cc
cc'
f ck
st
Tension steel
dia
no.
compression steel
dia
no.
OUTPUT DATA
d
d'
cbc

1000
5000
150
150

mm
mm
mm
mm

25 N/mm2
230 N/mm2
36 mm
10
36 mm
10
4832 mm
168 mm
8.5 N/mm2

Ast

10179 mm2

101.79 cm2

Asc

10179 mm2
10.98
0.0021
0.0021
0.17
0.95

101.79 cm2

m
p
p'
k
j

=
=

0.21 %
0.21 %

k bal
s
Mall

0.29
230.00 N/mm2
10727507459.507 N-mm

10727.51 kN-m

c) Design of rectangular section

INPUT DATA
d/b ratio
cc
cc'
f ck

2
150 mm
150 mm
20 N/mm2

st

230 N/mm2
M
7440 kN-m

1
( VALUE OF =1 FOR SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM)
INTERMEDIATE RECOMMENED SIZE OF BEAM
bd2
8148090323.5819
depth
2535.30 mm
width
1267.65 mm
FINAL SIZE OF BEAM AND SIZE OF REINFORCEMENT
b
1000 mm
D
6500 mm
dia.t
36 mm
dia.c

32 mm

OUT PUT DATA

cbc
m
k bal

7 N/mm2
13.33
0.2887
6332.00 mm
166 mm

d
d'
Mbal

36609.93 kN-m

k last
Ast

0.139308
5357.40 mm2

pst

0.0008460838

53.57 cm2
0.08 %

k last+1

0.139349

klast+1 -klast

0.000042 if red and singly reinforced then run goal seek

0 mm2
0.00 cm2

Asc
psc

0.00 %

Table 21 Permissible Stresses in concrete

Permissible Stresses in compression
cbc
cc

Grade of concrete
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

3
5
7
8.5
10
11.5
13
14.5
16

2.5
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12

symbols used
b
D
cc
cc'
d'

no.
Ast

width of section
Total depth of section
clear cover to tension reinforcement
clear cover to compression reinforcement
depth of compression reinforcement from
highly compressed edge
Effective depth of section
Dia of reinforcement bar used
Dia of reinforcement bar used as tension
reinforcement
Dia of reinforcement bar used as
compression reinforcement
No. of reinforcement bars used
Area of reinforcement

f ck

Grade of concrete

cbc

Permissible bending stress in compression

m
p
k

modular ratio
Area of reinforcement/(bd)
coefficient of depth for neutral axis

k bal

280/(280+3 st)

j
st

coefficient of depth for neutral axis for

balanced section
coefficient of lever arm
Permissible stress in steel

Stress in steel

m cbc(1-k)/k

M
Mall

Moment of resistance
Allowable moment of resistance

Ast st jd

fraction of moment resisted as singly

reinforced

d
dia
dia.t
dia.c

(m2p2+2mp)1/2 - mp for
singly reinforced

1-k/3
from IS456

{(m2(p+1.5p')2+ 2m(p+1.5p'd'/d)}1/2 m(p+1.5p') for doubly reinforced