Handover PDF

Handover
GBSS12.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue
01
Date
2010-06-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
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The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
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recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address:
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Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Overview .....................................................................................................................................2-1
3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Measurement Report Processing.................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Handover Preprocessing ............................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I ..................................................................... 3-7
3.3.1 Quick Handover .................................................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.2 TA Handover ......................................................................................................................... 3-9
3.3.3 BQ Handover ...................................................................................................................... 3-10
3.3.4 Rapid Level Drop Handover ................................................................................................3-11
3.3.5 Interference Handover .........................................................................................................3-11
3.3.6 Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report ........................................................ 3-12
3.3.7 Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover .......................................................................... 3-13
3.3.8 Load Handover ................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.3.9 Enhanced Load Handover .................................................................................................. 3-17
3.3.10 Edge Handover................................................................................................................. 3-18
3.3.11 Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover .................................................................................... 3-19
3.3.12 Inter-Layer Handover........................................................................................................ 3-21
3.3.13 PBGT Handover ............................................................................................................... 3-22
3.3.14 AMR Handover ................................................................................................................. 3-23
3.3.15 SDCCH Handover ............................................................................................................ 3-24
3.3.16 Other Handovers .............................................................................................................. 3-24
3.4 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II .................................................................. 3-24
3.4.1 Quick Handover .................................................................................................................. 3-26
3.4.2 TA Handover ....................................................................................................................... 3-28
3.4.3 BQ Handover ...................................................................................................................... 3-29
3.4.4 Interference Handover ........................................................................................................ 3-30
3.4.5 Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report ........................................................ 3-31
3.4.6 Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover .......................................................................... 3-31
3.4.7 Load Handover ................................................................................................................... 3-34
3.4.8 Edge Handover................................................................................................................... 3-34
3.4.9 Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover ...................................................................................... 3-35
3.4.10 Better Cell Handover ........................................................................................................ 3-37
3.4.11 Handover Between a Full-Rate TCH and a Half-Rate TCH ............................................. 3-38
3.4.12 SDCCH Handover ............................................................................................................ 3-40
3.4.13 Other Handovers .............................................................................................................. 3-40
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Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
ii
4 Parameters .................................................................................................................................4-1
5 Counters ......................................................................................................................................5-1
6 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................6-1
7 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................7-1
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Handover
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the overall procedure of Huawei handover algorithms and the specific
handover decisions.
1.2 Intended Audience

It is assumed that users of this document are familiar with GSM basics and have a working knowledge of
GSM telecommunication.
This document is intended for:
Personnel working on Huawei GSM products or systems
System operators who need a general understanding of this feature
1.3 Change History

The change history provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
Feature change
Feature change refers to the change in the Handover feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change
Editorial change refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issue is as follows:
01 (2010-06-30)
Draft (2010-03-30)
01 (2010-06-30)
This is the first release of GBSS12.0.
Compared with issue Draft (2010-03-30) of GBSS12.0, issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0 incorporates
the changes described in the following table.
Change Type Change Description
Parameter Change
Feature
change
The added parameters are listed as

follows:
Enhanced Load Handover is

added.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
LOADHOAD
LAYHOLOADTH
LOADHOPBGTMARGIN
LOADHOUSRRATIO
LOADSTATYPE

1-1
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1 Introduction
Change Type Change Description

Editorial
change
Parameter Change
Parameters are presented in the None

form of Parameter ID instead of
Parameter Name.
Draft (2010-03-30)
This is the draft release of GBSS12.0.
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2 Overview
2 Overview
The GSM network comprises multiple cells with continuous coverage. The handover technique is
introduced into the GSM system to enable the users who are in motion to continue with the current call
without interruption, thus optimizing the network performance.
During a handover, the MS and BTS in service measure the conditions of uplink and downlink radio links
respectively, record the measurement results into measurement reports (MRs), and then send the MRs
to the BSC. The BSC determines whether to trigger a handover based on the MRs and the actual
conditions of the radio network.
Huawei handover algorithms (handover algorithm I and handover algorithm II) involve measurement and
MR reporting, MR processing, handover decision, and handover execution.
Huawei handover algorithms apply to the handovers on TCHs as well as the handovers on SDCCHs.
You can determine the handover algorithm used in a cell through HOCTRLSWITCH.
Figure 2-1 shows the procedure for performing Huawei handover algorithms (including handover
algorithm I and handover algorithm II).
Figure 2-1 Procedure for performing Huawei handover algorithms
Start
MS in connection state
MS performs measurement
and MR reporting
BSS performs MR processing
Handover decision based on
handover algorithm
Handover execution
End
Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I

Figure 2-2 shows the procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I.
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2 Overview
Figure 2-2 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I
Start
No downlink measurement report
handover decision
MS starts minimum interval
protection
Whether minimum interval
protection of consecutive
handovers times out?
No
Yes
Handover preprocessing
Handover penalty
Basic queuing
Network characteristics adjustment
Forced handover
Quick handover
No

protection of handover times
out?
Yes
Other handover decisions
Determines target cell according to
2G/3G priority selection conditions
and corresponding thresholds
Starts minimum interval protection
of consecutive handovers
End
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2 Overview
In handover algorithm I, five types of handover decisions are defined:
Quick handover (including quick Power Budget(PBGT) handover and frequency offset handover).
Good and stable services can be provided when the voice quality deteriorates during the fast
movement of an MS. Quick handover is mainly applicable in the railway scenario.
Emergency handover. Emergency handover can ensure the call continuity when the radio condition
severely deteriorates. Theoretically, the emergency handover has a bigger deviation than other
handovers in terms of the selection of the target cell. In a normal cell, frequent emergency handovers
should be avoided.
Enhanced dual-band network handover. In an enhanced dual-band network, the resources in the
overlaid DCS1800 cell and underlaid GSM900 cell can be shared during the assignment and
handover procedures. That is, the calls in the high-traffic GSM900 cell can be handed over to the
low-traffic DCS1800 cell to balance traffic.
Load handover. Load handover enables the system load to be balanced among multiple cells so that
the system performance can be ensured.
Normal handover. Normal handover ensures good services when an MS is moving.
Figure 2-3 shows the handovers provided in Figure 2-2 and their priorities in handover algorithm I.
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2 Overview
Figure 2-3 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm I
Emergency handover
TA handover
Interference handover
Rapid level drop handover
BQ handover
Starts protection timer after
emergency handover is
triggered.
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Load handover
Normal handover
Edge handover
Fast-moving micro cell
handover
Inter-layer handover
PBGT handover
Concentric cell handover
AMR handover
3G better cell handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II

Figure 2-4 shows the procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II.
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2 Overview
Figure 2-4 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II

Start
No downlink measurement report
handover decision
MS starts minimum interval
protection

No
Handover preprocessing
Yes
Basic queuing
(some factors)
Forced handover
Handover penalty
Quick handover (emergency
handover)
No

Yes
Emergency handover (not including
quick handover)
Load handover decision
(all factors)
Other handover decisions
Performs comprehensive decision of
handover result and determines
candidate neighbor cell
Starts minimum interval protection
of consecutive handovers
End
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2 Overview
In handover algorithm II, three types of handover decisions are defined, as shown in Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-5 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm II
Emergency handover
Quick handover
Intra-cell handover
Interference handover
TA handover
BQ handover
AMR handover
Edge handover
Handover between a fullrate TCH and a half-rate

TCH
Inter-cell handover
handover
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Better cell handover
3G better cell handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
Handover Execution (GBFD-117101 BTS power lift for handover)

BTS power lift for handover function determines whether the BTS of the serving cell transmits signals at
the maximum power during a handover. The BSC maximizes the transmit power of the BTS before
sending a handover command to the MS. The BSC does not adjust the BTS power during the handover
to ensure the success of the handover.
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3 Technical Description
3.1 Measurement Report Processing
This section describes the feature GBFD-110801 Processing of Measurement Report and
GBFD-110802 Pre-processing of Measurement Report.
Measurement report processing involves measurement report interpolation and filtering.
NE Selection for Measurement Report Processing

The processing can be performed either on the BSC side or on the BTS side.
If BTSMESRPTPREPROC is set to No, then the processing is performed on the BSC side.
If BTSMESRPTPREPROC is set to Yes, then the processing is performed on the BTS side. By setting
the parameters PRIMMESPPT, BSMSPWRLEV, and MRPREPROCFREQ, you can specify the
contents of the MRs to be provided and the period during which the MRs are provided. This decreases
the signaling traffic on the Abis interface and the traffic volume processed by the BSC.
Data Selection for Measurement Report

The MR can be classified into enhanced MR and normal MR. The parameter MEASURETYPE
determines the type to be used.
In the MR, the TCH measurement of the serving cell is classified into FULL SET and SUB SET.
Measurement Report Interpolation

The neighboring cell indexes are found on the basis of the BCCH frequencies and BSICs provided by
the MS. Then, the uplink and downlink measurement results are obtained from the measurement
reports.
If measurement reports are issued continuously, they are directly added to the measurement report
list.
If measurement reports are not issued continuously and the number of lost measurement reports is
smaller than the value of MRMISSCOUNT, the system performs operations as follows:
For
the serving cell, the handover algorithm I performs the linear interpolation for the MRs. The
lowest values are applied to the interpolation of MRs by the handover algorithm II according to the
protocols; that is, level 0 (-110 dBm) and quality 7 are applied in the interpolation.
For
the neighboring cell, the lowest value is applied to the lost level value according to the protocols;
that is, level 0 (-110 dBm) is applied in the interpolation.
If no MR is reported because the RX level in the neighboring cell is too low, level 0 (-110 dBm) is applied in the
interpolation.
If measurement reports are not issued continuously and the number of lost measurement reports is
greater than the value of MRMISSCOUNT, the previous measurement reports are discarded. When
new measurement reports are issued, calculation is done again.
Measurement Report Filtering

Filtering is performed on measurement reports obtained continuously from the measurement report list.
Averaging is performed on uplink/downlink RX level, uplink/downlink RX quality, Timing Advance(TA),
Radio Quality Indication(RQI), BTS power, 2G neighboring cell level, and the Common Pilot Channel
(CPICH), Received Signal Code Power(RSCP), and Ec/No of neighboring 3G cell. The averaging
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minimizes the effect on the result of handover decision due to sudden changes in the measurement
values.
Power control compensation needs to be performed for the downlink RX level of the serving cell by the
handover algorithm II. If you compare the RX level of the serving cell after the power control with that of
all BCCH TRXs of the neighboring cell, there is no mapping between them. In situations where the cells
overlap severely, the handover is easily triggered, thus causing the ping-pong handover. After the power
control compensation is performed, the RX level of the serving cell can reflect the coverage condition of
the BCCH TRX of the serving cell. The power control compensation of the serving cell is performed after
the interpolation processing and before the filtering processing. In general, the compensation of power
control is calculated by adding the downlink RX level of the serving cell and twice the current downlink
transmit POWL of the BTS.
The number of consecutive measurement reports required for filtering is determined by the
measurement object and channel type. See Table 3-1 for details.
Table 3-1 Parameters related to the number of measurement reports
Measurement
Object
Channel Type Parameter
Receive level of the SDCCH

serving cell
TCH
Filter Length for SDCCH Level
Quality of the
serving cell
SDCCH
Filter Length for SDCCH Qual.
TCH
Filter Length for TCH Qual
TA of the serving
cell
TCH
Filter Length for TA
SDCCH
TA filter length for SDCCH level
Receive level of the BCCH

neighboring cell
SDCCH
Filter Length for TCH Level
Filter Length for Ncell RX_LEV

NCell filter length for SDCCH level
Power of the BTS in TCH

the serving cell
Filter Length for TCH Level
RQI
Filter Length for TCH Qual
TCH
If consecutive measurement reports are insufficient, the filtering fails. The handover decision is not
performed.
3.2 Handover Preprocessing

Handover Penalty
According to the neighboring cell information in the measurement report and the parameters, the system
performs handover preprocessing and adjusts the priorities of the neighboring cells.
The handover penalty is performed after successful fast-moving micro cell handover, TA handover, BQ
handover, fast-moving micro cell handover, OL subcell to UL subcell handover within an enhanced
concentric cell, and after the handover failures.
In handover algorithm II, in addition to the situations mentioned above, the handover penalty is also
performed after successful or failed load handover and interference handover.
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In handover decision procedure of handover algorithm II, the handover penalty is performed after the network
characteristics adjustment and before the emergency handover decision.
After the quick handover, TA handover, Bad Quality(BQ) handover, or load handover (in handover
algorithm II) is successfully performed, the penalty level is subtracted from the actual RX level of the
original cell during the penalty period. Table 3-2 lists the parameters related to handover penalty.
Table 3-2 Parameters related to handover penalty

Handover
Parameter
Quick handover
Quick Handover Punish Time

Quick Handover Punish Value
TA Handover
Penalty Level after TA HO

Penalty Time after TA HO
BQ Handover
Penalty Level after BQ HO

Penalty Time after BQ HO
Load handover
(handover
algorithm II)
Penalty Time on Load HO

Penalty Value on Load HO
After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successfully performed, penalty is performed on all the
neighboring cells of the micro cell. Related parameters are SDPUNVAL and SPEEDPUNISHT.
If an MS fails to initiate an intra-cell AMR TCHF to TCHH handover, it cannot initiate another intra-cell
AMR TCHF to TCHH handover within TIMEAMRFHPUNISH.
In handover algorithm II, after the interference handover is initiated, this handover is not allowed to be
initiated again within INTERFEREHOPENTIME regardless of whether the handover is successful or
not.
After the OL subcell to UL subcell handover within an enhanced concentric cell is successful, the
handover from UL subcell to OL subcell is not allowed within UTOOHOPENTIME.
After the OL cell to UL cell handover in the enhanced dual-band network is successful, the handover
from UL cell to OL cell is not allowed within HOPENALTYTIME.
After the handover fails, different penalties are performed on the target cell based on the causes:
If
the handover to a neighboring 2G or 3G cell fails, the actual RX level of the target cell is subtracted
by FAILSIGSTRPUNISH for neighboring cell ranking during the penalty.
Based on the handover failure cause, the penalty time could be UMPENALTYTIMER, RSCPENALTYTIMER, or
PENALTYTIMER.
If
the OL subcell to UL subcell handover within a concentric cell fails, the handover from OL subcell to
UL subcell is not allowed within TIMEOTOUFAILPUN.
If
the UL subcell to OL subcell handover within a concentric cell fails, the handover from UL subcell to
OL subcell is not allowed within TIMEUTOOFAILPUN.
Basic Ranking
Basic ranking is performed after handover penalty to generate a candidate cell list in descending order
taking the following information into account: RX levels of the serving cell and neighboring cells carried in
the MRs, hysteresis, usage of TCHs in the neighboring cells, and so on.
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In the case of non-directed retry, if an MS in an external BSC cell occupies an SDCCH and
INRBSCSDHOEN is set to No, then this cell should be removed from the candidate cell list. In other
words, the handover to this external BSC cell is prohibited.
If a neighboring 2G cell and the serving cell are controlled by the same BSC and the TCH usage of the
neighboring cell is 100%, then the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that
is, the handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If the downlink RX level of a neighboring 2G cell is lower than the sum of HOCDCMINDWPWR and
MINOFFSET, then the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the
handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If the uplink RX level of a neighboring 2G cell is lower than the sum of HOCDCMINUPPWR and
MINOFFSET, then the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the
handover to this neighboring cell is prohibited.
If a neighboring 3G cell is an FDD cell, the cell is processed according to FDDREP:

If
FDDREP is set to Ec/N0, and the Ec/N0 of a neighboring cell is lower than MINECNOTHRES, the
neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this
neighboring cell is prohibited.
If
FDDREP is set to RSCP, and the RSCP of a neighboring cell is lower than MINRSCPTHRES, the
neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this
If a neighboring 3G cell is a TDD cell and the RSCP after penalty is lower than the MINRSCPTHRES,
the neighboring cell should be removed from the candidate cell list; that is, the handover to this
Calculate the difference between the downlink RX level of the neighboring cells and the downlink RX
level of the serving cell. Based on the difference, rank the neighboring cells in descending order.
Network Characteristics Adjustment

Network characteristics adjustment is a process in which the position of each cell in the candidate cell list
is determined based on the related network information. Network characteristics adjustment provides the
final candidate cell list for handover decision.
After the network characteristics adjustment, the final candidate cell list (including neighboring cells and
serving cell) is generated. The candidate cells are ranked in descending order by priority. Then, the
handover decision procedure starts.
In handover algorithm II, the emergency handover decision is made after the network characteristics
adjustment.
After the emergency handover decision, LOADHOPENVALUE is subtracted from the level of the original
cell within LOADHOPENTIME if the load handover is successful. The level of the target cell changes
after the penalty of load handover; then, the network characteristics needs to be readjusted.
In handover algorithm I, all related factors are adjusted in network characteristics adjustment phase; in
handover algorithm II, some of the factors are adjusted before the emergency handover decision
procedure is initiated.
Forced Handover
A forced handover does not require a handover decision.
A forced handover is triggered in the following scenarios:
If no TCH is available in the serving cell which the MS attempts to access and DIRECTRYEN is set to
Yes, the BSC triggers a directed retry procedure.
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When a BTS is under maintenance, the MSs served by the BTS should be handed over to the cells
controlled by a functional BTS. This ensures that no call drop occurs during the BTS maintenance.
Directed Retry (GBFD-110607 Directed Retry)

When the MS initiates a call, after the BSC receives an ASSIGN REQ message from the MSC, the BSC
determines an assignment mode based on the load of the serving cell.
Assignment mode is categorized into normal assignment procedure, mode modification procedure, and directed retry
procedure. The commands issued by the BSC vary according to the procedure.
For a normal assignment procedure, the BSC activates a channel and issues a channel assignment command.
For a mode modification procedure, the BSC issues a mode modification command.
For a directed retry procedure, the BSC issues a handover command.
If the serving cell is so overloaded that new calls cannot be admitted or admitting new calls will affect
ongoing services, the BSC triggers a directed retry procedure. By using the directed retry, the MS is
handed over to the target cell and part of the traffic in the serving cell is distributed to the target cell. This
avoids traffic congestion in the serving cell.
Figure 3-1 shows the procedure for a directed retry decision.
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Figure 3-1 Procedure for a directed retry decision
When ASSLOADJUDGEEN is set to OFF, the BSC triggers a directed retry procedure after completing
basic ranking if the load of the serving cell exceeds 100%.
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As shown in Figure 3-1, directed retry is categorized into enhanced dual-band network directed retry and
normal directed retry.
Enhanced Dual-Band Network Directed Retry

In an enhanced dual-band network, two cells form a group and the MS camps on one of the two cells.
After the directed retry is triggered, the MS is handed over to the other cell. For details on the
conditions of triggering an enhanced dual-band network directed retry, see sections 3.3.7 "Enhanced
Dual-Band Network Handover" and 3.4.6 "Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover."
Target Cell Selection in a Normal Directed Retry Procedure

The target cell must have the highest priority in the candidate cell list after handover preprocessing. In
addition, the target cell must meet the following conditions:
The
serving cell does not function as a target cell.
Load
of the candidate neighboring cells DTLOADTHRED
In
handover algorithm II, serving cell level < receive level of neighboring cells < serving cell level +
DRHOLEVRANGE.
In
handover algorithm I, receive level of neighboring cells MINPWRLEVDIRTRY.
3.3 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I

This section describes the feature GBFD-110601 HUAWEI I Handover.
According to the emergency condition of an MS in the network, the handover decision based on
handover algorithm I is made in the following order: quick handover, emergency handover, enhanced
dual-band network handover, load handover, and normal handover.
Handover decision based on handover algorithm I involves the following procedures:
Determining whether the serving cell meets the triggering conditions
Selecting corresponding candidate cells
In handover algorithm I, HOOPTSEL specifies whether a neighboring 2G cell or a neighboring 3G cell is

preferred.
When HOOPTSEL is set to Preference for 2G Cell:

A neighboring 2G cell is preferred. If the candidate cell list contains suitable neighboring 3G cells but
no suitable neighboring 2G cells, a neighboring 3G cell is selected.


If the RX level of a candidate 2G cell is lower than or equal to HOPRETH2G, a neighboring 3G cell is
preferred.
If the triggering conditions of emergency handover are met and there is at least one candidate cell, then
the emergency handover timer NEWURGHOMININTV is started. Another emergency handover decision
can be performed only when NEWURGHOMININTV times out.
3.3.1 Quick Handover

This section describes the features GBFD-510103 Chain Cell Handover and GBFD-510102 Fast Move
Handover.
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Quick handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed and to
ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. Quick handover applies to the scenario where an MS
moves fast along an urban backbone road, a selected route, or a high-speed railroad.
Quick Handover Types

Quick handover consists of frequency offset handover and fast move handover.
Frequency offset handover

Whether the MS is moving away from the serving cell is determined based on the frequency offset
information provided by an MS moving at a high speed. Frequency offset handover decision is made
according to the uplink/downlink RX level of the serving cell and the path loss of neighboring cells.
Fast move handover

Fast move handover decision is made according to the path loss of neighboring cells.
For quick handover, the handover response speed is enhanced by:
Accurately calculating the moving speed of the MS
Derestricting the interval between handover decisions
Reducing the number of measurement reports for the handover decision
Introducing the alpha filtering
Quick Handover Preparation

The preparation for quick handover involves the following aspects:
Frequency offset is decoded from the measurement report.

Frequency offset of the MS is obtained from the uplink measurement report that the BTS sends to the
BSC.
Alpha filtering is performed on the measurement report.
Triggering Conditions
During handover decision, it is first determined whether the triggering conditions of frequency offset
handover are met. When the BTS cannot send the frequency offset information or the reported
frequency offset information is invalid, fast move handover is triggered, provided that other conditions of
frequency offset handover are met.
If QUICKHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:
The MS is moving away from the serving cell (the frequency offset in the measurement result is a
negative value) and the moving speed of the MS is greater than MOVESPEEDTHRES.
The filtered uplink level of the serving cell is lower than HOUPTRIGE.
The compensated downlink level of the serving cell is lower than HODOWNTRIGE.
The path loss of configured chain neighboring cells is lower than the specified threshold of the path
loss of the serving cell. In other words, PBGT(n) is greater than or equal to 0.
The triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:
If the last three conditions are met simultaneously, the decision is made as follows:
If
the first condition is met, a frequency offset handover is performed.
If
the first condition is not met, a fast move handover is performed.
If all the last three conditions are not met, quick handover is not triggered.
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Target Cell Selection

The target cell must be a chain neighboring cell of the serving cell. The target cell can be obtained
through the setting of ISCHAINNCELL. If HODIRFORECASTEN is set to Yes, a neighboring cell in the
moving direction of the MS is selected preferentially.
To forecast the moving direction of the MS, the direction of a chain neighboring cell (A or B) compared
with the serving cell is specified by CHAINNCELLTYPE. If the number of times that the MS is handed
over to neighboring cells in the same direction (B for example) is greater than or equal to
HODIRLASTTIME when the handover time reaches HODIRSTATIME, then the MS is inferred to be
moving towards the B direction. Subsequently, the MS is preferentially handed over to the neighboring
cell whose CHAINNCELLTYPE is B.
Limitations
The limitations on quick handover are as follows:
The serving cell cannot be selected as the target cell.
The candidate cells for quick handover must be chain neighboring cells of the serving cell.
After a quick handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell during the penalty
time to prevent an immediate handover back to the original cell. The penalty time and penalty value
are specified by TIMEPUNISH and HOPUNISHVALUE respectively.
3.3.2 TA Handover
TA handover is a type of emergency handover. The TA handover decision is made according to the TA
value reported by the MS.
The TA value of a normal cell ranges from 0 to 63 and that of an extended cell ranges from 0 to 229. The
TA can be stepped up or down in steps of 553.5 m. The TA value of 63 corresponds to a distance of 35
km.
TA handover is triggered when the following conditions are met:
TAHOEN is set to Yes.
Filtered TA value in the measurement report provided by the MS is greater than or equal to TALIMIT.
The TA handover can be triggered only when the preceding two conditions are met simultaneously.
From the perspective of the triggering conditions of TA handover, TA can be regarded as a limitation to the size of a cell.

The target cell should have the highest priority in the candidate cell list after handover preprocessing. In
addition, the target cell should meet the following conditions:
If TALIMIT of a co-site neighboring cell is lower than or equal to the TALIMIT of the serving cell, a
handover to the neighboring cell is prohibited.
If the triggering conditions of TA handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the
following operations are performed:
If a neighboring 3G cell is available, if INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to Yes, and if the MS supports

the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover is performed.
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If no neighboring 3G cell is available, if INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to No, or if the MS does not

support the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the decision on whether to initiate another type of emergency
handover is made.
Limitations
After the TA handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During
TIMETAPUNISH, SSTAPUNISH is subtracted from the level of the original cell to prevent an immediate
handover back to the original cell.
3.3.3 BQ Handover
BQ handover is a type of emergency handover in which the system makes the decision based on the
uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface.
The RX quality is measured in bit error rate (BER). The BSC measures the quality of a radio link based
on the quality class in the measurement report. The probable cause of an increase in BER is that the
signal power is too low or the channel interference increases.
If BQHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of BQ handover are as follows:
The uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the uplink RX quality threshold of the serving cell.
The downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the downlink RX quality threshold of the serving
cell.
The BQ handover is triggered when either of the preceding conditions is met.

The parameters for specifying the uplink and downlink RX quality thresholds are as follows:
For non-AMR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is ULQUALIMIT and
the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is DLQUALIMIT.
For AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQUALIMITAMRFR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DLQUALIMITAMRFR.
For AMR HR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQUALIMITAMRHR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DLQUALIMITAMRHR.

If the target cell is a neighboring cell, the RX level of the target cell must meet the following condition:
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell > Filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell after
compensation + (INTERCELLHYST of the serving cell configured for the neighboring cell - 64) (BQMARGIN 64)
In handover algorithm I, if there is only one cell in the candidate cell list and the cell is a neighboring cell, then the
preceding condition need not be met.
In handover algorithm I, if there is no neighboring cell, INTRACELLHOEN is set to Yes, and the
serving cell is not in the intra-cell handover penalty state, then the MS is handed over to the serving
cell. A channel with different frequency band, different frequency, different TRX, or different timeslot is
preferred (priority: different frequency band > different frequency > different TRX > different timeslot).
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If the triggering conditions of BQ handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the


handover is made.
Limitations
After the BQ handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During
TIMEBQPUNISH, SSBQPUNISH is subtracted from the level of the original cell to prevent an immediate
3.3.4 Rapid Level Drop Handover

Rapid level drop handover is a type of emergency handover.
In edge handover and PBGT handover, the mean value filtering and P/N decision methods are not
responsive to short-period rapid level drop. Therefore, to solve the rapid level drop problem, the finite
impact response filtering can be performed on the original RX level. This filtering method is responsive to
the rapid level drop based on the drop slope of the original RX level.
If ULEDGETHRES is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of rapid level drop handover are as follows:
Filtered uplink level < ULEDGETHRES
A1 x C(nt) + A2 x C(nt - t) + A3 x C(nt - 2t) + + A8 x C(nt - 7t) < B

Here, A1 indicates FLTPARAA1, A2 indicates FLTPARAA2, A3 indicates FLTPARAA3, A4 indicates
FLTPARAA4, A5 indicates FLTPARAA5, A6 indicates FLTPARAA6, A7 indicates FLTPARAA7, and
A8 indicates FLTPARAA8.
B indicates FLTPARAB.

The target cell has a higher priority than the serving cell.
If the triggering conditions of rapid level drop handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not
suitable, the following operations are performed:
If a neighboring 3G cell is available, INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to Yes, and the MS supports the
2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover is performed.
If no neighboring 3G cell is available, INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to No, or the MS does not

handover is made.
3.3.5 Interference Handover

In handover algorithm I, interference handover is a type of emergency handover.
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Interference handover helps protect the interfered calls and reduce the network interference. It is
applicable to scenarios with interference.
In handover algorithm I, the difference between interference handover and BQ handover is that in BQ
handover the bad signal quality resulting from both coverage and interference is checked. In interference
handover, the bad signal quality resulting from coverage is not checked.
If INTERFHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of interference handover are as follows:
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality threshold at
the current uplink RX level.
The filtered value of downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality threshold
at the current downlink RX level.
The interference handover is triggered if either of the previous conditions is met.

For non-AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn, where 1
n 12.
For AMR FR calls, the parameters for specifying the RX quality threshold are RXQUALn (1 n 12)
and RXLEVOFF.
If
n = 1, the RX quality threshold is RXQUAL1.
If
2 n 12, the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn + RXLEVOFF.

In handover algorithm I, the target cell should have the highest priority in the candidate cell list. In
If INTRACELLHOEN is set to Yes and the intra-cell handover penalty timer expires, the serving cell
can be selected as the target cell.
When a number of consecutive intra-cell handovers occur, BANTIME is triggered and the intra-cell handover is prohibited
in the corresponding period.
If the filtered level of a neighboring cell after handover penalty HOTHRES of the neighboring cell +
INTELEVHOHYST - 64, this neighboring cell can serve as the target cell.
If the triggering conditions of interference handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable,
the following operations need to be performed:
If a neighboring 3G cell is available, INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to Yes, and the MS supports the
2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover is performed.
If no neighboring 3G cell is available, INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to No, or the MS does not

handover is made.
3.3.6 Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report

Handover due to no downlink measurement report is performed on the basis of the uplink quality. The
purpose is to ensure the call continuity and minimize the possibility of call drops.
Handover due to no downlink measurement report is generally caused by adverse radio environment on
the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be met, so other handover
decisions cannot be performed.
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In handover algorithm I, the triggering conditions of handover due to no downlink measurement report
are as follows:
NODLMRHOEN is set to Yes.
There is no downlink information in the measurement report of the call.
The filtered value of uplink quality is greater than or equal to NODLMRHOQUALLIMIT.
The number of lost downlink MRs is smaller than NODLMRHOALLOWLIMIT.
For TCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than DATAQUAFLTLEN; for
SDCCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than QLENSI.
When all the previous conditions are met, the handover due to no downlink measurement report is
triggered.

In handover algorithm I, the conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
The ranked neighboring cells recorded in the last complete measurement report are saved as
candidate cells.
Preferably a neighboring cell is selected as the target cell.
If no neighboring cell is available, the serving cell is selected as the target cell.
3.3.7 Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

Enhanced dual-band network handover is performed based on the traffic volume of the overlaid and
underlaid cells and based on the receive level.
Enhanced dual-band network handover is classified into the following types:
Handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to low load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to High Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
The two cells are in the enhanced dual-band network and OUTLOADHOENABLE is set to Yes.
The MS supports the frequency band on which the overlaid cell operates.
The handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is performed only on TCHs.
The load in the underlaid cell is higher than or equal to OUTGENOVERLDTHRED.
The load in the overlaid cell is lower than INNSERIOVERLDTHRED.
The system traffic volume is lower than or equal to EDBSYSFLOWLEV.
The current call is within the handover margin, and the INTOINNREXLEVTHRED plus the handover
margin is greater than or equal to the receive level, which is also greater than or equal to the
INTOINNREXLEVTHRED.
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell in the cell is higher than or equal to OUTSERIOVERLDTHRED, then
the handover margin is adjusted in a period of OUTLOADHOPERIOD subtracted by
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OUTLOADHOMODPERI. The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by

OUTLOADHOSTEP.
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to Low Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
The load in the underlaid cell is lower than OUTLOWLOADTHRED.
The current call is within the handover margin and the receive level is greater than or equal to
OUTINNREXLEVTHRED.
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell is lower than OUTLOWLOADTHRED for a specified period, then the
handover margin is adjusted in a period of INNLOADHOPERI. The step length for handover margin
adjustment is specified by INNLOADHOSTEP.
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to MS Movement to the Border of the

Overlaid Cell
The triggering conditions of the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell are as
follows:
SS(s) < Thdouter
SS(u) - SS(n) < ATCB_THRD - ATCB_HYST

Here,
SS(s):
specifies the filtering compensated downlink RX level in the serving cell.
Thdouter:
specifies OUTINNREXLEVTHRED.
SS(u):
specifies the downlink level (power compensation is performed on the downlink level based on
the measurement) of the underlaid cell where the call is originated. If the SS(u) value cannot be
obtained, you can infer that the decision of enhanced dual-band network handover is not performed
and the decision condition is met by default.
SS(n):
The best neighboring cell is the one whose measured BCCH level is the highest among
neighboring cells. SS(n) is the signal level of the best neighboring cell that operates on the same
frequency band, locates at the same layer, and has the same priority as the underlaid cell but is not
co-sited with the underlaid cell. If such a neighboring cell is not available, the value of SS(n) is -110
dBm.
ATCB_THRD:
specifies ATCBTHRED.
ATCB_HYST:
specifies ATCBHYST.
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell is triggered if either of the preceding
conditions is met.
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In the adapter distance to cell border(ATCB) handover algorithm, the border between the overlaid and underlaid cells is
determined according to the signal strength of the serving cell and that of neighboring cells. If SS(s) = SS(n), the system
considers that the MS is located at the border of the underlaid cell. If SS(s) - SS(n) > ATCB_THRD, the system
considers that the MS is located in the coverage area of the overlaid cell. The coverage area of the overlaid cell is
determined according to different networking and coverage conditions of the existing network. In addition, the overlaid
cell of the serving cells and the overlaid cell of the neighboring cells will not overlap regardless of the distance between
BTSs.
The handover margin specifies the range of signal level. In the case of overlaid/underlaid load handover on the
enhanced dual-band network, the MSs whose downlink levels are within the handover margin are handed over level by
level.

The requirements for target cell selection in the enhanced dual-band network are as follows:
For the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the overlaid
cell.
For the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the underlaid
cell.
For the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell, the MS is handed over to the
neighboring cell that ranks first among neighboring cells. The MS should not be handed over to the cell
that ranks after the serving cell. Generally, the target cell is the underlaid cell. The target cell can also
be another neighboring cell.
Limitations
The limitations on the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
If the cell where the call is located is on an enhanced dual-band network, CELLINEXTP is set to
Extra(Extra).
The OUTLOADHOENABLE parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to INTOINNREXLEVTHRED. The MS with the
highest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
If the cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network, CELLINEXTP is set to
Inner(Inner).
The INNLOADHOEN parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to OUTINNREXLEVTHRED. The MS with the
lowest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell are as follows:
Inner(Inner).
Impact of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing

Algorithm
The impact of the enhanced dual-band network handover on the existing algorithm is as follows:
On the enhanced dual-band network, the MS should not be handed over to a cell in the same
underlaid/overlaid cell group when the load handovers between the overlaid cell and the underlaid cell
(specified by OUTLOADHOENABLE and INNLOADHOEN) are allowed. This is to prevent a load
handover of a normal cell from colliding with a load handover between the overlaid cell and the
underlaid cell on the network.
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The PBGT handover algorithm may cause inter-cell handover; thus, the MS should not be handed
over to the cell in the same group in the case of PBGT handover between cells on the enhanced
dual-band network.
3.3.8 Load Handover

In the network, some cells carry heavy load whereas the overlapping upper-layer cells and the
neighboring cells may carry light load. To balance the load of these cells, the load handover is required.
In a load handover procedure, some load in heavy-load cells is switched to light-load cells. Meanwhile,
the load in neighboring cells is not switched to heavy-load cells.
Load handover can be performed between cells at different layers. Figure 3-2 shows the details.
For details about the inter-RAT load handover, see the 2G/3G Interoperability Parameter Description feature.
Figure 3-2 Load handover between cells

A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
A cell with
a heavy load
A cell with
a light load
To perform load sharing, increase DLEDGETHRES so that the load at the border of a cell is switched to
a neighboring cell with light load.
Whether a cell carries heavy load or light load is determined by the traffic volume in the cell, that is
whether the traffic volume (generally TCH usage) in the cell exceeds the preset threshold.
If the traffic volume in a cell is greater than TRIGTHRES, you can infer that the load in this cell is heavy.
The load handover algorithm needs to be enabled.
If the traffic volume in a cell is lower than LoadAccThres, you can infer that the load in this cell is light
and the cell can receive load from the heavy-load cells.
Load handover may lead to many handovers. Therefore, the load of the system CPU should be
considered before load handover is performed. In other words, the system traffic volume should be taken
into account. In addition, to prevent too many MSs from being handed over at a time, load handover is
performed step by step. In other words, the edge handover threshold is increased on the basis of
LOADHOSTEP (CLS_Ramp) and LOADHOPERIOD (CLS_Period). When the increase in the edge
handover threshold equals LOADOFFSET (CLS_Offset), the edge handover threshold is not increased
any more. See Figure 3-3 for details.
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Figure 3-3 Load handover

Load handover band
Cell A
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Offset
Border of normal handover
Cell B
CONF_HO_RXLEV
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Ramp
If LoadHoEn is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of load handover are as follows:
The CPU usage of the system is less than or equal to SYSFLOWLEV.
The current load of the serving cell is greater than or equal to TRIGTHRES.

The conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
Filtered RX level after handover penalty HOTHRES + INTELEVHOHYST - 64
If the target cell and the serving cell are in the same BSC, a load handover is performed when the
current load of the target cell is lower than LoadAccThres.
If the target cell and the serving cell are not in the same BSC, a load handover is performed when the
load of the target cell is lower than LoadAccThres and OutBscLoadHoEn is set to Yes.
Examples
The system assigns MSs to different load handover margins based on the downlink RX level. The load
handover algorithm is used to hand over the MSs out of a cell step by step.
1. The MSs in load handover margin 1 are handed over to the neighboring cells. Load handover margin
1 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges from DLEDGETHRES to the sum of
DLEDGETHRES and LOADHOSTEP.
2. After a LOADHOPERIOD elapses, the MSs in load handover margin 2 are handed over to the
neighboring cells. The load handover margin 2 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges
from DLEDGETHRES to the sum of DLEDGETHRES and (2 x LOADHOSTEP).
3. The load handover stops when the traffic volume in the cell is less than or equal to TRIGTHRES.
The load handover is performed step by step to prevent call drops caused by a sudden increase in CPU
load or the congestion in the target cell.
3.3.9 Enhanced Load Handover

Like the load handover, the enhanced load handover is used to balance load of cells in a network. Unlike the load
handover, the enhanced load handover considers the handover quality and the load in the target cell before the
handover is performed. In this way, the possibility of low level and congestion due to heavy load in the target cell
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after the handover is minimized. The enhanced load handover is applicable to the scenario where multiple base
stations are located at the same place.
Triggering Conditions of Enhanced Load Handover

If LOADHOAD is set to YES, the triggering conditions of an enhanced load handover are as follows:
The CPU usage of the current system is lower than or equal to SYSFLOWLEV.
The load of the serving cell is higher than TRIGTHRES.
Here, the load of the serving cell is expressed in the percentage of the channels that are occupied. If the
built-in PCU is used, the calculation method of the cell load depends on the setting of LOADSTATYPE.
The setting of the parameter determines whether the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted are
considered as occupied channels.
When LOADSTATYPE is set to 0, the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted are not considered in
the cell load.
When LOADSTATYPE is set to 1, the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted are considered as
occupied TCHs in the cell load.
When LOADSTATYPE is set to 2, the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted are considered as idle
TCHs in the cell load.
The number of the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted depends on the number of dynamic PDCHs
and DYNCHNPREEMPTLEV. The number of dynamic PDCHs is the total number of channels whose
CHTYPE is set to FULLTCH.
If the external PCU is used, the number of the dynamic PDCHs that can be preempted is always zero.
The setting of LOADSTATYPE is thus irrelevant to calculation of the cell load.

When a candidate cell satisfying the following conditions is found and not a single MS within the range
specified by LOADHOUSRRATIO is handed over to the target cell, further search of the target cell is
stopped and current traffic is handed over to the candidate cell. The detailed conditions for selecting the
target cell are as follows:
The value of LOADHOPBGTMARGIN is not 0 and the path loss in the serving cell minus that in the
target cell is larger than LOADHOPBGTMARGIN.
The load of the target cell is lower than LoadAccThres.
The receive level of the target cell is higher than HOTHRES of the target cell plus INTELEVHOHYST
of the handover from the serving cell to the target cell.
Of all the MSs that are within the range specified by LOADHOUSRRATIO and meet the preceding
conditions, only one MS can initiate the handover at a time. This regulation prevents too many MSs from
being handed over to the target cell at one time and thus avoids congestion in the target cell.
3.3.10 Edge Handover

Edge handover is performed on the basis of receive level.
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To trigger an edge handover, the receive level of the target cell should be at least one hysteresis value
(specified by INTERCELLHYST - 64) greater than the receive level of the serving cell.
If FRINGEHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of edge handover are as follows:
Either of the following conditions is met.

The
filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell after compensation is lower than DLEDGETHRES.
The
filtered uplink RX level of the serving cell after compensation is lower than ULEDGETHRES.
RX level of the neighboring cell > RX level of the serving cell + INTERCELLHYST 64
An edge handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, when the previous conditions are
met for EDGELAST1 within EDGESTAT1.
Figure 3-4 shows the edge handover.
Figure 3-4 Edge handover
Cell 1
Cell 2
-97 dBm
-85 dBm

The target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In addition, it should meet the
following conditions:
After cells are ranked, the target cell must have a higher priority than the serving cell.
A cell becomes the target cell if the previous conditions are met for EDGEADJLASTTIME within
EDGEADJSTATTIME.
If the triggering conditions of edge handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the


support the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the decision on whether to initiate another type of handover is
made.
3.3.11 Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover

Fast-moving micro cell handover is performed from a micro cell to a macro cell according to the relative
speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized.
Fast-moving micro cell handover applies to the following scenarios:
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If an MS is moving fast in a micro cell, it is handed over to a macro cell.
To prevent an MS that is moving fast in a macro cell from entering a micro cell, time penalty is
performed on the micro cell so that the fast-moving MS camps on the macro cell.
Figure 3-5 shows the fast-moving micro cell handover.

Figure 3-5 Fast-moving micro cell handover
Umbrella cell
Micro cell
If QCKMVHOEN is set to Yes, the handover decision procedure of fast-moving micro cell handover is as
follows:
1. When the triggering conditions of edge handover or PBGT handover are met, the fast-moving micro
cell handover decision is started.
2. When the period during which the MS camps on the serving cell is shorter than QCKTIMETH, the
number of cells through which the fast-moving MS passes is incremented by one.
The cell counted by the system must locate at a layer lower than layer 4. In other words, it must be a non-Umbrella cell.
3. When the number of cells that the MS passes in fast movement reaches QCKSTATCNT, the
fast-moving micro cell handover is triggered if the number of cells that the MS passes in fast
movement counted by the system is greater than or equal to QCKTRUECNT.

In handover algorithm I, the target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In
The target cell must be at layer 4, that is, Umbrella cell.
Filtered RX level of the target cell HOTHRES + INTELEVHOHYST - 64
Limitations
After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successful, the penalty is performed on all the neighboring
micro cells. During SPEEDPUNISHT, SDPUNVAL is subtracted from the RX level of every neighboring
micro cell.
Cell Layer and Cell Priority

With Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a proper traffic volume distribution can be realized among
multiple frequency bands.
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Huawei multiband handover algorithm divides cells into four layers, with 16 priorities at each layer. The
LAYER parameter specifies at which layer a cell is located. This algorithm is applicable to complex
networking scenarios. Figure 3-6 shows the cell layers.
Figure 3-6 Cell layers
GSM900
Layer 4
Umbrella Cell
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
Macro Cell
Layer 3
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Micro Cell
Layer 2
GSM900
DCS1800
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Pico Cell
Layer 1
In Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a GSM network covering a certain area is divided into four
layers, which are:
Layer 4: Umbrella cell. The umbrella cells are generally GSM900 cells having the wide coverage
feature. It also implements fast MS connection.
Layer 3: Macro cell. The macro cells are generally GSM900 cells, which are commonly used in current
GSM system and serve majority of subscribers.
Layer 2: Micro cell. The micro cells are generally DCS1800 cells having the small coverage feature.
They enable capacity expansion.
Layer 1: Pico cell. The Pico cells are generally DCS1800 cells, which are used in hot spots and blind
spots.
The cell at the lower layer has a higher priority.

PRIOR controls handover between cells at the same layer. Each layer has 16 priorities, numbered 1-16
respectively. A high value indicates a low priority. If the cells at the same layer have different priorities, a
cell with a lower priority value has a higher priority. PRIOR along with CELLLAYER determines the
priority of a cell. The priority affects the sequence of neighboring cells for handover.
3.3.12 Inter-Layer Handover

Inter-layer handover is a type of normal handover. It is used to enable the micro cells at low layers (the
priority is high) to absorb traffic volume.
To balance the traffic volume flexibly and to meet the requirements of different network topologies, the
GSM network is divided into several layers. See 3.3.10 Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover for details.
If LEVHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of inter-layer handover are as follows:
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The layer at which the target cell is located has a higher priority than the layer at which the serving cell
is located.
The load of the serving cell is higher than LAYHOLOADTH.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell HOTHRES + INTELEVHOHYST - 64
The inter-layer handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, the previous conditions are
met for LEVLAST within LEVSTAT.

The requirements for target cell selection are as follows:
The triggering conditions are met.
The target cell has the highest priority in the candidate cell list.
3.3.13 PBGT Handover

This section describes the feature GBFD-510102 Fast Move Handover.
PBGT handover is a type of normal handover.
If PBGTHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of PBGT handover are as follows:
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and have the same priority.
The following condition is met for PBGTLAST within PBGTSTAT:

(MIN (MS_TXPWR_MAX, P) RXLEV_DL PWR_DIFF) (MIN (MS_TXPWR_MAX (n), P)
RXLEV_NCELL (n) ) > PBGT_HO_MARGIN
Here,
RXLEV_DL:
indicates the filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell.
MS_TXPWR_MAX:
MS_TXPWR_MAX
indicates the maximum allowed transmit power of an MS in the serving cell.

(n): indicates the maximum allowed transmit power of an MS in neighboring cell
n.
RxLev_NCELL
(n): indicates the downlink receive level in neighboring cell n.
PWR_DIFF:
indicates the difference between the maximum downlink transmit power in the serving
cell due to power control and the actual downlink transmit power in the serving cell.
P:
indicates the maximum transmit power of an MS.
PBGT_HO_MARGIN:
indicates the PBGTMARGIN of the serving cell configured for neighboring
cells minus 64.

The PBGT handover can be triggered only when all the previous conditions are met.

The target cell should meet the following conditions:
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and have the same priority.
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3.3.14 AMR Handover

This section describes the feature GBFD-115504 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment.
The AMR handover in handover I algorithm consists of the AMR TCHF-TCHH handover and AMR
TCHH-TCHF handover algorithm. The AMR TCHF-TCHH handover is conducted based on cell load and
RQI, whereas the AMR TCHH-TCHF handover is conducted based on RQI.
The conversion formula between RQI and C/I is RQI = 2 x C/I.
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

The triggering conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
INTRACELLFHHOEN is set to Yes.
The target call is an AMR call.
The half-rate function must be enabled in the cell where the call is initiated.
The full-rate speech version 3 and half-rate speech version 3 must be supported by the cell where the
call is initiated.
The type of channel specified by the MSC during a call can be changed during a handover.
For AMR FR calls, when the parameter AMRTCHHPRIORALLOW is set to ON(On), TCHF-to-TCHH
handover is triggered only when the cell load is greater than the value of the parameter
AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD and the proportion of AMR HR users is smaller than the value of the
parameter ALLOWAMRHALFRATEUSERPERC.
For AMR FR calls, when the parameter AMRTCHHPRIORALLOW is set to OFF(Off), TCHF-to-TCHH
handover is triggered only the proportion of AMR HR users is smaller than the value of the parameter
ALLOWAMRHALFRATEUSERPERC.
The call occupies the full-rate TCH. The RQI/2 is greater than INHOF2HTH and the cell load is greater
than AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD.
For an AMR FR call, the AMR TCHF-TCHH handover can be performed if the preceding conditions are
met for INFHHOLAST within INFHHOSTAT.
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

The triggering conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF handover are as follows:
INTRACELLFHHOEN is set to Yes.
The target call is an AMR call.
The half-rate function must be enabled in the cell where the call is initiated.
The full-rate speech version 3 and half-rate speech version 3 must be supported by the cell where the
call is initiated.
The type of channel specified by the MSC during a call can be changed during a handover.
The call occupies the half-rate TCH. The RQI/2 is smaller than INHOH2FTH, and the proportion of
half-rate TCHs in the cell is smaller than ALLOWAMRHALFRATEUSERPERC.
For an AMR HR call, the AMR TCHH-TCHF handover can be performed if the preceding conditions are
met for INFHHOLAST within INFHHOSTAT.

The AMR handover is an intra-cell handover. Therefore, only the serving cell can be selected as the
target cell.
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3.3.15 SDCCH Handover

This section describes the feature GBFD-110608 SDCCH Handover.
SDCCH handover is a process in which the MS is handed over from an SDCCH to another SDCCH in an
immediate assignment. SDCCH handover helps improve the access success rate of the MSs on the
edge of the network, thus improving the network QoS.
The principle of SDCCH handover is the same as that of TCH handover. Regarding procedure, an
SDCCH handover involves measurement and MR reporting, MR processing, handover decision, and
handover execution.
Whether an SDCCH handover can be performed is controlled by the SIGCHANHOEN parameter. If an
inter-BSC SDCCH handover is required, both SIGCHANHOEN and INRBSCSDHOEN should be set to
YES(Yes).
The handover decision algorithm for SDCCH handover is different from that for TCH handover in the
following ways:
The algorithms for the following handovers support SDCCH handover:

quick handover, TA handover, BQ handover, rapid level drop handover, interference handover,
handover due to no downlink measurement report, edge handover, and fast-moving micro cell
handover
The algorithms for the following handovers do not support SDCCH handover:
enhanced dual-band network handover, load handover, inter-layer handover, PBGT handover, AMR
handover, better 3G cell handover, concentric cell handover, and tight BCCH handover
3.3.16 Other Handovers

Other handovers here refer to better 3G cell handover and tight BCCH handover.
Better 3G Cell Handover

See 2G/3G Interoperability Feature Parameter Description.
Tight BCCH Handover

See BCCH Dense Frequency Multiplexing Feature Parameter Description.
3.4 Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II

This section describes the feature GBFD-510501 HUAWEI II Handover.
Handover decision based on handover algorithm II is made in the following order: forced handover,
emergency handover, intra-cell handover, and inter-cell handover.
Handover decision based on handover algorithm II involves the following procedures:
Determining whether the serving cell meets the triggering conditions
Selecting corresponding candidate cell list for each handover type
Performing the comprehensive decision and determining the candidate neighboring cells
The procedure for performing comprehensive decision based on handover results and determining the
candidate neighboring cells is as follows:
1. The BSC selects a handover type with the highest priority from all the handovers that can be
performed on each neighboring cell.
The handover priority is as follows:
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Forced
handover, emergency handover, and interference handover have a high priority. Figure 3-7
shows the details.
Figure 3-7 Handovers with high priority
Handover decision with

high priority
Forced handover
Directed retry
Quick handover
TA handover
Interference
BQ handover
Edge handover
Quick handover is classified into frequency offset handover and fast move handover. Frequency offset handover has a
higher priority than fast move handover.
Intra-cell
handover (excluding interference handover) and inter-cell handover have a normal priority.
Figure 3-8 shows the details.
AMR handover has the same priority as TCHF-TCHH handover.
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Figure 3-8 Handovers with normal priority
Handover decision
with normal priority
handover
Enhanced dual-band
network handover
Load handover
Better cell handover
AMR handover
TIGHT BCCH handover
2. The BSC ranks the candidate cells according to the network characteristics adjustment algorithm and
then generates the final candidate cell list. Every neighboring cell in the candidate cell list has its own
handover decision. Neighboring 2G cells and neighboring 3G cells are ranked separately.
3. In handover algorithm II, HOOPTSEL specifies whether a neighboring 2G or a neighboring 3G cell is
preferred.
When
HOOPTSEL is set to Preference for 2G Cell:
When
HOOPTSEL is set to Preference for 3G Cell:
When
HOOPTSEL is set to Preference for 2G Cell By Threshold:
If the RX level of a candidate 2G cell is lower than or equal to HOPRETH2G, a neighboring 3G cell is
preferred.
When a neighboring 3G cell is preferred among the candidate cells, the priority of 3G better cell handover is the lowest.
If the triggering conditions of emergency handover are met and there is at least one candidate cell, then
the emergency handover timer NEWURGHOMININTV is started. Another emergency handover decision
can be performed only when NEWURGHOMININTV times out.
3.4.1 Quick Handover

This section describes the features GBFD-510103 Chain Cell Handover and GBFD-510102 Fast Move
Handover.
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Quick handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed and to
ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. Quick handover applies to the scenario where an MS
moves fast along an urban backbone road, a selected route, or a high-speed railroad.
Quick Handover Types

Quick handover consists of frequency offset handover and fast move handover.
Frequency offset handover

Whether the MS is moving away from the serving cell is determined based on the frequency offset
information provided by an MS moving at a high speed. Frequency offset handover decision is made
according to the uplink/downlink RX level of the serving cell and the path loss of neighboring cells.
Fast move handover

Fast move handover decision is made according to the path loss of neighboring cells.
For quick handover, the handover response speed is enhanced by:
Accurately calculating the moving speed of the MS
Derestricting the interval between handover decisions
Reducing the number of measurement reports for the handover decision
Introducing the alpha filtering
Quick Handover Preparation

The preparation for quick handover involves the following aspects:
Frequency offset is decoded from the measurement report.

Frequency offset of the MS is obtained from the uplink measurement report that the BTS sends to the
BSC.
Alpha filtering is performed on the measurement report.
During handover decision, it is first determined whether the triggering conditions of frequency offset
handover are met. When the BTS cannot send the frequency offset information or the reported
frequency offset information is invalid, fast move handover is triggered, provided that other conditions of
frequency offset handover are met.
If QUICKHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:
The MS is moving away from the serving cell (the frequency offset in the measurement result is a
negative value) and the moving speed of the MS is greater than MOVESPEEDTHRES.
The filtered uplink level of the serving cell is lower than HOUPTRIGE.
The compensated downlink level of the serving cell is lower than HODOWNTRIGE.
The path loss of configured chain neighboring cells is lower than the specified threshold of the path
loss of the serving cell. In other words, PBGT(n) is greater than or equal to 0.
The triggering conditions of quick handover are as follows:
If the last three conditions are met simultaneously, the decision is made as follows:
If
the first condition is met, a frequency offset handover is performed.
If
the first condition is not met, a fast move handover is performed.
If all the last three conditions are not met, quick handover is not triggered.
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The target cell must be a chain neighboring cell of the serving cell. The target cell can be obtained
through the setting of ISCHAINNCELL. If HODIRFORECASTEN is set to Yes, a neighboring cell in the
moving direction of the MS is selected preferentially.
To forecast the moving direction of the MS, the direction of a chain neighboring cell (A or B) compared
with the serving cell is specified by CHAINNCELLTYPE. If the number of times that the MS is handed
over to neighboring cells in the same direction (B for example) is greater than or equal to
HODIRLASTTIME when the handover time reaches HODIRSTATIME, then the MS is inferred to be
moving towards the B direction. Subsequently, the MS is preferentially handed over to the neighboring
cell whose CHAINNCELLTYPE is B.
Limitations
The limitations on quick handover are as follows:
The candidate cells for quick handover must be chain neighboring cells of the serving cell.
After a quick handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell during the penalty
time to prevent an immediate handover back to the original cell. The penalty time and penalty value
are specified by TIMEPUNISH and HOPUNISHVALUE respectively.
3.4.2 TA Handover
TA handover is a type of emergency handover. The TA handover decision is made according to the TA
value reported by the MS.
The TA value of a normal cell ranges from 0 to 63 and that of an extended cell ranges from 0 to 229. The
TA can be stepped up or down in steps of 553.5 m. The TA value of 63 corresponds to a distance of 35
km.
TA handover is triggered when the following conditions are met:
TAHOEN is set to Yes.
Filtered TA value in the measurement report provided by the MS is greater than or equal to TALIMIT.
The TA handover can be triggered only when the preceding two conditions are met simultaneously.
From the perspective of the triggering conditions of TA handover, TA can be regarded as a limitation to the size of a cell.

addition, the target cell should meet the following limitations:
If TALIMIT of a co-site neighboring cell is lower than or equal to the TALIMIT of the serving cell, a
handover to the neighboring cell is prohibited.
In handover algorithm II, a cell becomes the target cell for TA handover if the previous conditions are
met for TALASTTIME within TASTATTIME.
If the triggering conditions of TA handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the
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handover is made.
Limitations
After the TA handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During
TIMETAPUNISH, SSTAPUNISH is subtracted from the level of the original cell to prevent an immediate
3.4.3 BQ Handover
BQ handover is a type of emergency handover in which the system makes the decision based on the
uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface.
RX quality is represented by bit error rate (BER). The BSC measures the quality of a radio link based on
the quality class in the measurement report. The probable cause of an increase in BER is that the signal
power is too low or the channel interference increases.
If BQHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of BQ handover are as follows:
The uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the uplink RX quality threshold of the serving cell.
The downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the downlink RX quality threshold of the serving
cell.
The BQ handover is triggered when either of the preceding conditions is met.

For non-AMR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is ULQUALIMIT and
the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is DLQUALIMIT.
For AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQUALIMITAMRFR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DLQUALIMITAMRFR.
For AMR HR calls, the parameter for specifying the uplink RX quality threshold is
ULQUALIMITAMRHR and the parameter for specifying the downlink RX quality threshold is
DLQUALIMITAMRHR.

In handover algorithm II, the serving cell cannot be selected as the target cell.
The RX level of target cell must meet the following conditions:

The
serving cell and the target cell work in the same frequency band.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell > Filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell after
compensation + (INTERCELLHYST of the serving cell configured for the neighboring cell - 64) (BQMARGIN - 64)
The
serving cell works in GSM900 and the target cell works in DCS1800.
Filtered downlink RX level of the target cell HOTHRES + (LEVHOHYST - 64).
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The
serving cell works in DCS1800 and the target cell works in GSM900.
There is no constraint on the target cell in this condition.
In handover algorithm II, a cell becomes the target cell for BQ handover if the previous conditions are
met for BQLASTTIME within BQSTATTIME.
If the triggering conditions of BQ handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the


handover is made.
Limitations
After the BQ handover is successful, the penalty is performed on the original cell. During
TIMEBQPUNISH, SSBQPUNISH is subtracted from the level of the original cell to prevent an immediate
3.4.4 Interference Handover

Interference handover is a type of intra-cell handover in handover algorithm II.
Interference handover helps protect the interfered calls and reduce the network interference. It is
applicable to scenarios with interference.
In handover algorithm II, the BQ handover is a type of emergency handover and the interference
handover is a type of intra-cell handover.
If INTRACELLHOEN is set to Yes and INTERFHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of
interference handover are as follows:
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality threshold at
the current uplink RX level.
The filtered value of downlink RX quality is greater than or equal to the specified RX quality threshold
at the current downlink RX level.
In handover algorithm II, the interference handover is triggered when the previous conditions are met for
INTERFERELASTTIME within INTERFERESTATTIME.
For non-AMR FR calls, the parameter for specifying the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn, where 1
n 12.
For AMR FR calls, the parameters for specifying the RX quality threshold are RXQUALn (1 n 12)
and RXLEVOFF.
If
n = 1, the RX quality threshold is RXQUAL1.
If
2 n 12, the RX quality threshold is RXQUALn + RXLEVOFF.

In handover algorithm II, only the serving cell can be selected as the target cell.
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Limitations
In handover algorithm II, if an interference handover is initiated, it cannot be initiated again within
INTERFEREHOPENTIME regardless of whether the handover is successful.
3.4.5 Handover Due to No Downlink Measurement Report

Handover due to no downlink measurement report is performed on the basis of the uplink quality. The
purpose is to ensure the call continuity and minimize the possibility of call drops.
Handover due to no downlink measurement report is generally caused by adverse radio environment on
the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be met, so other handover
decisions cannot be performed.
In handover algorithm II, the triggering conditions of handover due to no downlink measurement report
are as follows:
NODLMRHOEN is set to Yes.
There is no downlink information in the measurement report of the call.
The number of lost downlink MRs is smaller than NODLMRHOALLOWLIMIT.
For TCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than DATAQUAFLTLEN; for
SDCCH, the number of saved MRs with uplink quality value is greater than QLENSI.
The filtered value of uplink RX quality is greater than or equal to ULQUALIMIT.

For AMR
FR calls, the corresponding parameter is ULQUALIMITAMRFR.
For AMR
HR calls, the corresponding parameter is ULQUALIMITAMRHR.
When all the previous conditions are met, the handover due to no downlink measurement report is
triggered.

In handover algorithm II, the conditions for selecting the target cell are as follows:
The ranked neighboring cells recorded in the last complete measurement report are saved as
candidate cells.
Only a neighboring cell can serve as the target cell.
RX level in neighboring cell > Filtered RX level in serving cell + (INTERCELLHYST - 64) (BQMARGIN - 64)
A neighboring cell serves as the target cell if the previous conditions are met for ULBQLASTTIME
within ULBQSTATTIME.
3.4.6 Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

Enhanced dual-band network handover is performed based on the traffic volume of the overlaid and
underlaid cells and based on the receive level.
Enhanced dual-band network handover is classified into the following types:
Handover due to high load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to low load in the underlaid cell
Handover due to MS movement to the border of the overlaid cell
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Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to High Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
The two cells are in the enhanced dual-band network and OUTLOADHOENABLE is set to Yes.
The MS supports the frequency band on which the overlaid cell operates.
The handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is performed only on TCHs.
The load in the underlaid cell is higher than or equal to OUTGENOVERLDTHRED.
The load in the overlaid cell is lower than INNSERIOVERLDTHRED.
The current call is within the handover margin, and the INTOINNREXLEVTHRED plus the handover
margin is greater than or equal to the receive level, which is also greater than or equal to the
INTOINNREXLEVTHRED.
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell is higher than or equal to OUTSERIOVERLDTHRED, then the
handover margin is adjusted in a period of OUTLOADHOPERIOD subtracted by
OUTLOADHOMODPERI. The step length for handover margin adjustment is specified by
OUTLOADHOSTEP.
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due to Low Load in the Underlaid Cell

The triggering conditions of the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
The load in the underlaid cell is lower than OUTLOWLOADTHRED.
The current call is within the handover margin and the receive level is greater than or equal to
OUTINNREXLEVTHRED.
When all the preceding conditions are met, the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell is
triggered.
If the load of the underlaid subcell is lower than OUTLOWLOADTHRED for a specified period, then the
handover margin is adjusted in a period of INNLOADHOPERI. The step length for handover margin
adjustment is specified by INNLOADHOSTEP.
Triggering Conditions of Handover Due To MS Movement in the Overlaid

Subcell
The triggering conditions of the handover due to MS movement in the overlaid subcell are described as
follows:
SS(s) < Thdouter
SS(u) - SS(n) < ATCB_THRD - ATCB_HYST

Here,
SS(s):
specifies the filtering compensated downlink RX level in the serving cell.
Thdouter:
specifies OUTINNREXLEVTHRED.
SS(u):
specifies the downlink level (power compensation is performed on the downlink level based on
the measurement) of the underlaid subcell where the call is originated. If the SS(u) value cannot be
obtained, you can infer that the decision of enhanced dual-band network handover is not performed
and the decision condition is met by default.
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SS(n):
The best neighboring cell is the one whose measured BCCH level is the highest among
neighboring cells. SS(n) is the level value of such an optimum neighboring cell that is on the same
frequency band, layer, and level with the underlaid subcell but is not co-sited with the underlaid
subcell. If such a neighboring cell is not available, the value of SS(n) is -110 dBm.
ATCB_THRD:
specifies ATCBTHRED.
ATCB_HYST:
specifies ATCBHYST.
Handover due to MS movement in the overlaid subcell is triggered if either of the preceding conditions
is met.
For the ATCB handover algorithm, the boundaries of the overlaid and underlaid subcells are determined according to
the relative value between the signal strength of serving cell and that of neighboring cell. When SS(s) is equal to SS(n),
the system considers that it is the boundary point of the underlaid subcell. When the value of SS(s) subtracted by SS(n)
is greater than ATCB_THRD, it is the coverage area of the overlaid subcell. The coverage area of the overlaid subcell is
determined according to different networking and coverage conditions of the existing network. In addition, the overlaid
subcell of serving cell and the overlaid subcell of neighboring cells will not overlap regardless of the distance between
BTSs.
The handover margin specifies the range of signal level. In the case of overlaid/underlaid load handover on the
enhanced dual-band network, the MSs whose downlink levels are within the handover margin are handed over level by
level.

The requirements for target cell selection in the enhanced dual-band network are as follows:
For the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the overlaid
cell.
For the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell, the MS must be handed over to the underlaid
cell.
For the handover due to MS movement in the overlaid subcell, the MS must be handed over to the
underlaid cell.
Limitations
The limitations on the handover due to high load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
If the cell where the call is located is on an enhanced dual-band network, CELLINEXTP is set to
Extra(Extra).
The OUTLOADHOENABLE parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to INTOINNREXLEVTHRED. The MS with the
highest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to low load in the underlaid cell are as follows:
Inner(Inner).
The INNLOADHOEN parameter should be set.
The maximum range of the handover margin is from 63 to OUTINNREXLEVTHRED. The MS with the
lowest receive level is handed over first.
The limitations on the handover due to MS movement in the overlaid subcell are described as follows:
The cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network. CELLINEXTP is set to
Inner(Inner).
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Impact of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing

Algorithm
The impact of the enhanced dual-band network handover on the existing algorithm is as follows:
On the enhanced dual-band network, the MS should not be handed over to a cell in the same
underlaid/overlaid cell group when the load handovers between the overlaid cell and the underlaid cell
(specified by OUTLOADHOENABLE and INNLOADHOEN) are allowed. This is to prevent a load
handover of a normal cell from colliding with a load handover between the overlaid cell and the underlaid
cell on the network.
3.4.7 Load Handover

In handover algorithm II, load handover is not decided independently.
In handover algorithm II, the load handover decision is made in network adjustment phase. The selection
of target cell should be processed by the better cell handover. That is, the load handover is triggered
when the triggering conditions of load handover and better cell handover are met simultaneously.
See 3.3.8 Load Handover for the triggering conditions of load handover. See 3.4.10 Better Cell
Handover for the triggering conditions of better cell handover.
The ranges of load handover margins are defined as follows:
Load handover margin 1 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges from INTERCELLHYST
minus LOADHOSTEP to INTERCELLHYST.
Load handover margin 2 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges from INTERCELLHYST
minus LOADHOSTEP x 2 to INTERCELLHYST.
Load handover margin 1 specifies the area where the downlink level ranges from DLEDGETHRES to
the sum of DLEDGETHRES and LOADHOSTEP.
3.4.8 Edge Handover

Edge handover is performed on the basis of receive level.
To trigger an edge handover, the receive level of the target cell should be at least one hysteresis value
(specified by INTERCELLHYST - 64) greater than the receive level of the serving cell.
If FRINGEHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of edge handover are as follows:
Either of the following conditions is met.

The
filtered downlink RX level of the serving cell after compensation is lower than DLEDGETHRES.
The
filtered uplink RX level of the serving cell after compensation is lower than ULEDGETHRES.
RX level of the neighboring cell > RX level of the serving cell + INTERCELLHYST - 64
An edge handover is triggered when the P/N criterion is met, that is, when the previous conditions are
met for EDGELAST within EDGESTAT.
Figure 3-9 shows the edge handover.
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Figure 3-9 Edge handover

Cell 1
Cell 2
-97 dBm
-85 dBm

The target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In addition, it should meet the
following conditions:
A cell becomes the target cell if the previous conditions are met for EDGEADJLASTTIME within
EDGEADJSTATTIME.
If the triggering conditions of edge handover are met but the candidate 2G cells are not suitable, the


support the 2G/3G inter-RAT handover, the decision on whether to initiate another type of handover is
made.
3.4.9 Fast-Moving Micro Cell Handover

Fast-moving micro cell handover is performed from a micro cell to a macro cell according to the relative
speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized.
Fast-moving micro cell handover applies to the following scenarios:
If an MS is moving fast in a micro cell, it is handed over to a macro cell.
To prevent an MS that is moving fast in a macro cell from entering a micro cell, time penalty is
performed on the micro cell so that the fast-moving MS camps on the macro cell.
Figure 3-10 shows the fast-moving micro cell handover.
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Handover
Figure 3-10 Fast-moving micro cell handover
Umbrella cell
Micro cell
If QCKMVHOEN is set to Yes, the handover decision procedure of fast-moving micro cell handover is as
follows:
1. When the triggering conditions of edge handover or PBGT handover are met, the fast-moving micro
cell handover decision is started.
2. When the period during which the MS camps on the serving cell is shorter than QCKTIMETH, the
number of cells through which the fast-moving MS passes is incremented by one.
The cells counted by the system must locate at a layer lower than layer 4. In other words, they must be non-Umbrella
cells.
3. When the number of cells that the MS passes in fast movement reaches QCKSTATCNT, the
fast-moving micro cell handover is triggered if the number of cells that the MS passes in fast
movement counted by the system is greater than or equal to QCKTRUECNT.

In handover algorithm II, the target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In
The target cell must be at layer 4, that is, Umbrella cell.
Filtered RX level of the target cell HOTHRES + INTELEVHOHYST - 64
A neighboring cell serves as the target cell if the previous conditions are met for HCSLASTTIME within
HCSSTATTIME.
Limitations
After the fast-moving micro cell handover is successful, the penalty is performed on all the neighboring
micro cells. During SPEEDPUNISHT, SDPUNVAL is subtracted from the RX level of every neighboring
micro cell.
Cell Layer and Cell Priority

Through Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a proper traffic volume distribution can be realized
among multiple frequency bands.
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Huawei multiband handover algorithm divides cells into four layers, with 16 priorities at each layer. The
LAYER parameter specifies at which layer a cell is located. This algorithm is applicable to complex
networking scenarios. Figure 3-11 shows the cell layers.
Figure 3-11 Cell layers
GSM900
Layer 4
Umbrella Cell
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
Macro Cell
Layer 3
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Micro Cell
Layer 2
GSM900
DCS1800
GSM900
GSM900
GSM900
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
Pico Cell
Layer 1
In Huawei multiband handover algorithm, a GSM network covering a certain area is divided into four
layers, which are:
Layer 4: Umbrella cell. The umbrella cells are generally GSM900 cells having the wide coverage
feature. It also implements fast MS connection.
Layer 3: Macro cell. The macro cells are generally GSM900 cells, which are commonly used in current
GSM system and serve majority of subscribers.
Layer 2: Micro cell. The micro cells are generally DCS1800 cells having the small coverage feature.
They enable capacity expansion.
Layer 1: Pico cell. The Pico cells are generally DCS1800 cells, which are used in hot spots and blind
spots.
The cell at the lower layer has a higher priority.

PRIOR controls handover between cells at the same layer. Each layer has 16 priorities, numbered 1-16
respectively. A high value indicates a low priority. If the cells at the same layer have different priorities, a
cell with a lower priority value has a higher priority. PRIOR along with CELLLAYER determines the
priority of a cell. The priority affects the sequence of neighboring cells for handover.
3.4.10 Better Cell Handover

Better cell handover is an optimization of inter-layer handover and PBGT handover in handover
algorithm I. Better cell handover is specific to handover algorithm II.
If BETTERCELLHOEN is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of better cell handover are as follows:
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If PATHLOSSHOEN is set to Yes, path loss is taken into consideration during the sorting of the serving
cell and target cells. If PATHLOSSHOEN is set to No, path loss is not taken into consideration during
the sorting of the serving cell and target cells.
If the serving cell is in the candidate cell list, then the priorities of the target cells must be higher than
the priority of the serving cell after the sorting.
If the serving cell is not in the candidate cell list, then the target cells must meet the following
conditions:
LoadHoEn
is set to NO, or LoadHoEn is set to YES but the load in the serving cell is lower than
TRIGTHRES.
If
the serving cell and the target cells are at the same layer and have the same priority, the following
conditions must be met:
SS_DL(N) - SS_DL(S) > H - 64
SS_DL(N) indicates the filtered BCCH receive level of a target cell. SS_DL(S) indicates the
compensated receive level on the downlink TCH after filtration. H indicates INTERCELLHYST of the
serving cell over the neighboring cell.
Negative handover is a type of better cell handover. When INTERCELLHYST is set to a value
smaller than 64, the value of H 64 is negative. In this case, even if the downlink receive level in a
candidate cell is lower than the downlink receive level in the serving cell, a negative handover to the
candidate cell can be performed.
If
the serving cell and the target cells are at different layers but have the same priority, the following
conditions must be met:
SS_DL(N) T_layer(N) + H_layer(S)
SS_DL(N) indicates the filtered BCCH receive level of a target cell. T_layer(N) indicates HOTHRES
of the target cell. H_layer(S) indicates INTELEVHOHYST of the serving cell.
If
LoadHoEn is set to YES and the load in the serving cell is higher than TRIGTHRES, better cell
handover can be triggered.
A neighboring cell becomes a target cell if the preceding conditions are met for
BETTERCELLLASTTIME during BETTERCELLLASTTIME.

The requirements for target cell selection are as follows:
3.4.11 Handover Between a Full-Rate TCH and a Half-Rate TCH

This section describes the feature GBFD-115522 Dynamic HR/FR Adaptation.
Handover between a full-rate TCH and a half-rate TCH performs decision based on handover algorithm
II.
Types of handover between a full-rate TCH and a half-rate TCH are as follows:
AMR TCHF-TCHH handover and non-AMR TCHF-TCHH handover

The purpose is to absorb more MSs and to reduce the cell congestion if the cell load is high.
AMR TCHH-TCHF handover and non-AMR TCHH-TCHF handover

The purpose is to improve the speech quality of the call if the cell load is low.
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Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

If the AMRFULLTOHALFHOALLOW is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH
handover are as follows:
SPEECHVERSION used by the call is full-rate speech version 3.
Downlink path loss of the call AMRFULLTOHALFHOPATHTHRESH + path loss handover margin
ATCB of the call AMRFULLTOHALFHOATCBTHRESH ATCB handover margin
Uplink signal quality of the call AMRFULLTOHALFHOQUALTHRESH
Downlink signal quality of the call AMRFULLTOHALFHOQUALTHRESH
The preceding conditions are met for FULLTOHALFHOLASTTIME within

FULLTOHALFHOSTATTIME.
Triggering Conditions of Non-AMR TCHF-TCHH Handover

If the NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOALLOW is set to Yes, the triggering conditions of non-AMR
TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
SPEECHVERSION used by the call is full-rate speech version 1 or full-rate speech version 2.
Downlink path loss of the call NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOPATHTHRESH + path loss handover

margin
ATCB of the call NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOATCBTHRESH ATCB handover margin
Uplink signal quality of the call NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOATCBTHRESH
Downlink signal quality NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOATCBTHRESH
The preceding conditions are met for FULLTOHALFHOLASTTIME within

FULLTOHALFHOSTATTIME.
Triggering Conditions of AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

If AMRFULLTOHALFHOALLOW is set to Yes or AMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALALLOW is set to Yes,
the triggering conditions of AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
SPEECHVERSION used by the call is half-rate speech version 3.
Downlink path loss AMRHALFTOFULLHOPATHTHRESH
ATCB of the call AMRHALFTOFULLHOATCBTHRESH
Uplink signal quality AMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALTHRESH
Downlink signal quality of the call AMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALTHRESH
The AMR TCHH-TCHF handover is triggered if either of the preceding conditions is met for
HALFTOFULLHOLASTTIME within HALFTOFULLHOSTATTIME and SPEECHVERSION is half-rate
speech version 3.
Triggering Conditions of Non-AMR TCHH-TCHF Handover

If NOAMRFULLTOHALFHOALLOW is set to Yes or NOAMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALALLOW is set to
Yes, the triggering conditions of non-AMR TCHF-TCHH handover are as follows:
SPEECHVERSION used by the call is half-rate speech version 1.
Downlink path loss of the call NOAMRHALFTOFULLHOPATHTHRESH
ATCB of the call NOAMRHALFTOFULLHOATCBTHRESH
Uplink signal quality of the call NOAMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALTHRESH
Downlink signal quality of the call NOAMRHALFTOFULLHOQUALTHRESH
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The non-AMR TCHH-TCHF handover is triggered if either of the preceding conditions is met for
HALFTOFULLHOLASTTIME within HALFTOFULLHOSTATTIME and SPEECHVERSION is half-rate
speech version 1.

Only the serving cell can be selected as the target cell of the TCHF-TCHH handover.
3.4.12 SDCCH Handover

This section describes the feature GBFD-110608 SDCCH Handover.
SDCCH handover is a process in which the MS is handed over from an SDCCH to another SDCCH in an
immediate assignment. SDCCH handover helps improve the access success rate of the MSs on the
edge of the network, thus improving the network QoS.
The principle of SDCCH handover is the same as that of TCH handover. Regarding procedure, an
SDCCH handover involves measurement and MR reporting, MR processing, handover decision, and
handover execution.
Whether an SDCCH handover can be performed is controlled by the SIGCHANHOEN parameter. If an
inter-BSC SDCCH handover is required, both SIGCHANHOEN and INRBSCSDHOEN should be set to
YES(Yes).
The handover decision algorithm for SDCCH handover is different from that for TCH handover in the
following ways:
The algorithms for the following handovers support SDCCH handover:

quick handover, TA handover, BQ handover, interference handover, handover due to no downlink
measurement report, edge handover, and fast-moving micro cell handover
The algorithms for the following handovers do not support SDCCH handover:
enhanced dual-band network handover, load handover, better cell handover, handover between a
full-rate TCH and a half-rate TCH, better 3G cell handover, concentric cell handover, and tight BCCH
handover
3.4.13 Other Handovers

Other handovers here refer to better 3G cell handover and tight BCCH handover.
Better 3G Cell Handover

See 2G/3G Interoperability Feature Parameter Description.
Tight BCCH Handover

See BCCH Dense Frequency Multiplexing Feature Parameter Description.
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4 Parameters
4 Parameters
Table 4-1 Parameter description
Parameter NE
ID
MML
Command
Description
INTERCEL BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: Hysteresis value during the handovers between cells,
LHYST
G2GNCELL(O This value is used to suppress ping-pong handovers between
ptional)
cells.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O GUI Value Range: 0~127
ptional)
Actual Value Range: 0~127
Unit: dB
Default Value: 68
HOCTRLS BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to use handover algorithm generation 1 or 2
WITCH
GCELLHOBA currently
SIC(Optional)
GUI Value Range: HOALGORITHM1(Handover algorithm I),
HOALGORITHM2(Handover algorithm II)
Actual Value Range: HOALGORITHM1, HOALGORITHM2
Unit: None
Default Value: HOALGORITHM1
HOCTRLS BSC6900 SET
WITCH
GCELLHOEM currently
G(Optional)
Unit: None
HOCTRLS BSC6900 SET
WITCH
GCELLHOFIT currently
PEN(Optional)
Unit: None
HOCTRLS BSC6900 SET
WITCH
GCELLHOIU currently
O(Optional)
Unit: None
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4 Parameters
BTSMESR BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to enable the BTS to preprocess measurement
PTPREPR
GCELLHOCT reports. This parameter determines where to conduct power
OC
RL(Optional) control.
GUI Value Range: BSC_Preprocessing(BSC preprocessing),
BTS_Preprocessing(BTS preprocessing)
Actual Value Range: BSC_Preprocessing, BTS_Preprocessing
Unit: None
Default Value: BTS_Preprocessing
PRIMMESP BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether the BTSs send the original measurement
PT
GCELLHOCT reports to the BSC after pre-processing them. When this
RL(Optional) parameter is set to YES, the BTSs send the original and
pre-processed measurement reports to the BSC.
GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
BSMSPWR BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the BTS to transfer BTS/MS power
LEV
GCELLHOCT class to the BSC
RL(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
MRPREPR BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Frequency at which the BTSs submit pre-processed
OCFREQ
GCELLHOCT measurement reports to the BSC
RL(Optional)
GUI Value Range: NOreport(Do not report), Twice_ps(Twice
every second), Once_ps(Once every second), Once_2s(Once
every two second), Once_4s(Once every four second)
Actual Value Range: NOreport, Twice_ps, Once_ps, Once_2s,
Once_4s
Unit: None
Default Value: Once_ps
MEASURE BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Type of the measurement report (MR) reported by the
TYPE
GCELLCCUT MS
RANSYS(Opti
onal)
GUI Value Range: EnhMeasReport(Enhanced Measurement
Report), ComMeasReport(Common Measurement Report)
Actual Value Range: EnhMeasReport, ComMeasReport
Unit: None
Default Value: ComMeasReport
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4 Parameters
MRMISSC BSC6900 SET

Meaning: If the number of measurement reports lost consecutively
OUNT
GCELLHOFIT is no larger than this value, linear interpolation is performed for the
PEN(Optional) values in the lost measurement reports based on the values in the
two measurement reports preceding and following the lost
measurement reports. Otherwise, the lost measurement reports
will be discarded, and the value will be recalculated when new
measurement reports arrive.
GUI Value Range: 0~31
Unit: None
Default Value: 4
POWL
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter specifies the transmit power level of the
GTRXDEV(Op TRX. The greater this parameter is, the smaller the transmit power
tional)
is. When this parameter is set to "0", the transmit power level of
the TRX is the greatest. Each time this parameter increases by
one level, the transmit power reduces by 2 dB.
For different types of BTSs, the value range of this parameter is
different.
BTS3X: 0-10
BTS3001C: 0-13
BTS3002C: 0-10
Double-transceiver BTSs (BTS3012,BTS3012AE,BTS3006C):
0-10
DBS3900 GSM, BTS3900 GSM, BTS3900A GSM: 0-10.
Unit: None
Default Value: 0
SDPUNVA BSC6900 ADD

L
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: Level value of the penalty that is performed on the

neighboring cells of the cell where a fast-moving MS is located.
The neighboring cells must be located at the Macro, Micro, or Pico
layer other than the Umbrella layer.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 30
SPEEDPU BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Period in which penalty is performed on the neighboring
NISHT
GCELLHOAD( cells of the cell where a fast-moving MS is located. The
Optional)
neighboring cells must be located at the Macro, Micro, or Pico
layer but not the Umbrella layer.
Unit: s
Default Value: 40
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4 Parameters
TIMEAMRF BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Within the preset time, no AMR FR-to-HR handover is
HPUNISH
GCELLHOFIT allowed if the previous FR-to-HR handover fails due to channel
PEN(Optional) unavailability or channel mismatch.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
INTERFER BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Specifies an interval between two consecutive
EHOPENTI
GCELLHOFIT interference handovers
ME
PEN(Optional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 15
UTOOHOP BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After an MS performs a OL subcell to UL subcell
ENTIME
GCELLHOIU handover successfully, the MS cannot be handed over to the OL
O(Optional) subcell again within the value of the parameter.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
HOPENAL BSC6900 SET
TYTIME
GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: An MS cannot be handed over from the underlaid

subcell to the overlaid subcell in this duration after the MS is
handed over from the overlaid subcell to the underlaid subcell
successfully.
Unit: s
Default Value: 5
FAILSIGST BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Penalty signal level imposed on a target cell to which
RPUNISH
GCELLHOFIT the handover fails due to congestion or poor radio quality. This
PEN(Optional) penalty helps to prevent the MS from making a second handover
attempt to the target cell.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 30
UMPENAL BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Timer of penalty on a neighboring cell when a handover
TYTIMER
GCELLHOFIT fails due to faults of air interface connection.
PEN(Optional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
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4 Parameters
RSCPENA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Timer for punishing the neighboring cells when
LTYTIMER
GCELLHOFIT handover failures occur due to resource-related causes, such as
PEN(Optional) resources being insufficient
Unit: s
Default Value: 5
PENALTYT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Timer of penalty on a neighboring cell when a handover
IMER
GCELLHOFIT fails due to faults of data configuration.
PEN(Optional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 255
TIMEOTOU BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After an OL subcell to UL subcell handover of an MS
FAILPUN
GCELLHOIU fails, the MS does not perform OL subell-UL subcell handovers
O(Optional) within the value of the parameter.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
TIMEUTOO BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After an UL subcell to OL subcell handover of an MS
FAILPUN
GCELLHOIU fails, the MS does not perform UL subcell to OL subcell handovers
O(Optional) within the value of the parameter.
Unit: s
Default Value: 40
INRBSCSD BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to allow inter-BSC SDCCH handovers
HOEN
GCELLHOCT
RL(Optional) GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
HOCDCMI BSC6900 SET
Meaning: If the downlink received signal level of a neighbor cell is
NDWPWR
GCELLHOBA greater than "Min DL Level on Candidate Cell" plus "Min Access
SIC(Optional) Level Offset", the neighbor cell can be listed in the candidate cell
queue for handover.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 10
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4 Parameters
MINOFFSE BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: Minimum receive level offset.
T
G2GNCELL(O An MS can be handed over to a neighboring cell only when the
ptional)
downlink level of the neighboring cell is greater than the sum of
MOD
"Min DL level on candidate Cell" and the value of this parameter.
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 0
HOCDCMI BSC6900 SET
Meaning: If the uplink received signal level of a neighbor cell is
NUPPWR
GCELLHOBA greater than "Min UL Level on Candidate Cell" plus "Min Access
SIC(Optional) Level Offset", the neighbor cell can be listed in the candidate cell
queue for handover.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 0
FDDREP
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter specifies whether Ec/No or RSCP is
GCELLCCUT used for the measurement report on a FDD cell. Ec/No stands for
RANSYS(Opti the signal-to-noise ratio. RSCP stands for the received signal
onal)
code power.
GUI Value Range: RSCP(RSCP), EcN0(Ec/N0)
Actual Value Range: RSCP, EcN0
Unit: None
Default Value: RSCP
MINECNOT BSC6900 ADD

HRES
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: Selects 3G candidate cells. If the measured value of a

3G neighboring cell is lower than this threshold, the 3G
neighboring cell will be removed from among the 3G candidate
cells.
MINRSCPT BSC6900 ADD

HRES
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: Selects 3G candidate cells. If the measured value of a

3G neighboring cell is lower than this threshold, the 3G
neighboring cell will be removed from among the 3G candidate
cells.
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Unit: dB
Default Value: 10

Unit: dB
Default Value: 10

4-6
GSM BSS
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4 Parameters
LOADHOP BSC6900 SET

Meaning: After a load handover succeeds, the BSC punishes the
ENVALUE
GCELLHOFIT former serving cell during "Penalty Time on Load HO" by
PEN(Optional) subtracting "Penalty Value on Load HO" from the receive level of
the former serving cell, thus avoiding ping-pong handovers.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 63
LOADHOP BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After a load handover succeeds, the BSC punishes the
ENTIME
GCELLHOFIT former serving cell during "Penalty Time on Load HO" by
PEN(Optional) subtracting "Penalty Value on Load HO" from the receive level of
the former serving cell, thus avoiding ping-pong handovers.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
DIRECTRY BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable a directed retry. The directed retry is
EN
GCELLBASIC to hand over an MS to a neighboring cell in the same procedure
PARA(Option as the handover. The directed retry is an emergency measure
al)
applicable to abnormal traffic peaks in some areas of a radio
network. You should not use the directed retry as a major means
of solving traffic congestion. If the directed retry always occurs in
some areas of a network, consider adjusting the sector and TRX
configuration and the network layout.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
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4 Parameters
HOOPTSE BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter specifies whether a 2G cell or to a 3G
L
GCELLHOUT cell is preferentially selected as the target cell for handover. When
RANFDD(Opti this parameter is set to Pre_2G_Cell, the BSC preferentially
onal)
selects a 2G candidate cell as the target cell for handover. When
this parameter is set to Pre_3G_Cell, the BSC preferentially
selects a 3G candidate cell as the target cell for handover. When
this parameter is set to Pre_2G_CellThres, the BSC
preferentially selects a neighboring 3G cell as the handover target
cell if the receive level of the neighboring 2G cell that ranks the
first in the candidate cell list is equal to or smaller than "HO
Preference Threshold for 2G Cell". Otherwise, the BSC
preferentially selects a neighboring 2G cell as the handover target
cell.
GUI Value Range: Pre_2G_Cell(Preference for 2G cell),
Pre_3G_Cell(Preference for 3G cell),
Pre_2G_CellThres(Preference 2G cell by thresh)
Actual Value Range: Pre_2G_Cell, Pre_3G_Cell,
Pre_2G_CellThres
Unit: None
Default Value: Pre_2G_CellThres
HOPRETH BSC6900 SET

Meaning: If the receive level of the neighboring 2G cell that ranks
2G
GCELLHOUT the first in the candidate cell list is equal to or smaller than this
RANFDD(Opti threshold, the BSC preferentially selects a neighboring 3G cell as
onal)
the handover target cell. Otherwise, the BSC preferentially selects
a neighboring 2G cell as the handover target cell.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 25
NEWURGH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Minimum interval between two consecutive emergency
OMININTV
GCELLHOCT handovers performed by an MS. During this interval, no
RL(Optional) emergency handover is allowed.
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
QUICKHOE BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to allow the fast handover algorithm
N
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional) GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
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4 Parameters
MOVESPE BSC6900 SET

Meaning: A quick handover can be initiated only if the rate of an
EDTHRES
GCELLHOFA MS is higher than this parameter during a certain period of time.
ST(Optional)
Unit: m/s
Default Value: 35
HOUPTRIG BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Fast handover can be triggered only when the uplink
E
GCELLHOFA signal level of the serving cell is less than this parameter.
ST(Optional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 50
HODOWNT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Fast handover can be triggered only when the downlink
RIGE
GCELLHOFA level of the serving cell is less than this parameter.
ST(Optional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 50
ISCHAINN BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: Whether the cell is a chain neighboring cell. The
CELL
G2GNCELL(O parameter is used in the quick handover algorithm. Quick
ptional)
handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS
MOD
moving at a high speed and to ensure the call continuity and low
G2GNCELL(O call drop rate. Quick handover applies to the scenario where an
ptional)
MS moves fast along an urban backbone road, a selected route,
or a high-speed railroad. The target cell must be a chain
neighboring cell.
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
HODIRFOR BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Handover direction forecast switch. When this
ECASTEN
GCELLHOFA parameter is set to YES, the BSC can forecast the handover
ST(Optional) direction of the call in fast handover so that the best target cell can
be selected for handover.
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
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4 Parameters
CHAINNCE BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: This parameter indicates the geographical relationship
LLTYPE
G2GNCELL(O between the neighboring cell and the serving cell. In the BSC, if
ptional)
direction A is selected, then the reverse direction is B.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O GUI Value Range:
ptional)
QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_A(QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_A),
QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_B(QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_B)
Actual Value Range: QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_A,
QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_B
Unit: None
Default Value: QUICK_HO_NCELL_TYPE_A
HODIRLAS BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter indicates P in the P/N rule for MS
TTIME
GCELLHOFA handover direction forecast.
ST(Optional) P/N rule: Among N handovers, the MS is handed over to Class B
chain neighboring cell for successively P times, and then the BSC
determines that the MS is moving to the Class B chain
neighboring cell.
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
HODIRSTA BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter indicates N in the P/N rule for MS
TIME
GCELLHOFA handover direction forecast.
ST(Optional) P/N rule: Among N handovers, the MS is handed over to Class B
chain neighboring cell for successively P times, and then the BSC
determines that the MS is moving to the Class B chain
neighboring cell.
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
TIMEPUNI BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After the fast handover is successful, the penalty on the
SH
GCELLHOFA original serving cell is performed within the "Quick handover
ST(Optional) punish time": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Quick handover punish value", to prevent
ping-pong handovers.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-10
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
TIMEPUNI BSC6900 ADD

SH
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: After the fast handover is successful, the penalty on the

original serving cell is performed within the "Quick handover
punish time": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Quick handover punish value", to prevent
ping-pong handovers.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
HOPUNISH BSC6900 SET

Meaning: To avoid ping-pong handover, the received signal of the
VALUE
GCELLHOFA original serving cell is decreased by "Quick handover punish
ST(Optional) value" in "Quick handover punish time" after fast handover
succeeds.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 63
HOPUNISH BSC6900 ADD
VALUE
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
TAHOEN
Meaning: To avoid ping-pong handover, the received signal of the

original serving cell is decreased by "Quick handover punish
value" in "Quick handover punish time" after fast handover
succeeds.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 63
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the time advance (TA) handover.
GCELLHOBA The TA handover determines whether the timing advance (TA) is
SIC(Optional) higher than the predefined TA threshold. When the TA is higher
than the predefined TA threshold, a TA handover is triggered. The
TA is calculated based on the distance between the MS and the
BTS. The longer the distance is, the greater the TA value is.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
TALIMIT
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: An emergency handover is triggered when TA is greater
GCELLHOEM than or equal to the value of this parameter.
G(Optional)
Unit: bit
Default Value: 255
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-11
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
INTERRAT BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter specifies whether the handover from 2G
OUTBSCH
GCELLHOBA cells to 3G cells is allowed.
OEN
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
TIMETAPU BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After the time advancing handover is successful, the
NISH
GCELLHOFIT penalty on the original serving cell is performed within the "Penalty
PEN(Optional) Time after TA HO": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Penalty Level after TA HO", to prevent ping-pong
handovers.
Unit: s
Default Value: 30
SSTAPUNI BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After the time advancing handover is successful, the
SH
PEN(Optional) Time after TA HO": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Penalty Level after TA HO", to prevent ping-pong
handovers.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 63
BQHOEN
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the bad quality (BQ) handover
GCELLHOBA algorithm. Whether to trigger BQ handover depends on the uplink
SIC(Optional) and downlink transmit quality (measured by using BER). If the
uplink or downlink BQ exceeds the BQ handover threshold,
emergency BQ handover is triggered. The possible causes of
BER increase (or quality degradation) include too low signal
power and channel interference.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
ULQUALIM BSC6900 SET

Meaning: An emergency handover due to bad quality is triggered
IT
GCELLHOEM when the uplink receive quality is not smaller than "UL Qual.
G(Optional) Threshold".
Unit: None
Default Value: 55
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-12
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
DLQUALIM BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Downlink quality threshold for emergency handover.
IT
GCELLHOEM This parameter is represented as the product of 10 and a quality
G(Optional) level that ranges from 0 to 7. The emergency handover can be
triggered only when the downlink receive quality of an MS is
greater(indicate bad quality) than this threshold.
Unit: None
Default Value: 55
Meaning: The value of this parameter corresponds to multiplying
ITAMRFR
GCELLAMRQ quality level 0 to 7 by 10. An emergency handover can be
UL(Optional) triggered only when the uplink receive quality of the MS is greater
than the value of this parameter.
Unit: None
Default Value: 60
Meaning: Downlink quality limit for emergency handover in an
ITAMRFR
GCELLAMRQ AMR full rate call. The value of this parameter corresponds to the
UL(Optional) quality levels (0 to 7) multiplied by 10. An emergency handover
can be triggered only when the downlink reception quality of an
MS is higher than the value of this parameter, which indicates a
poor quality.
Unit: None
Default Value: 60
Meaning: The value of this parameter corresponds to multiplying
ITAMRHR
GCELLAMRQ quality level 0 to 7 by 10. An emergency handover can be
UL(Optional) triggered only when the uplink receive quality of the MS is greater
than the value of this parameter.
Unit: None
Default Value: 55
Meaning: Downlink quality limit for emergency handover in an
ITAMRHR
GCELLAMRQ AMR half rate call. The value of this parameter corresponds to the
UL(Optional) quality levels (0 to 7) multiplied by 10. An emergency handover
can be triggered only when the downlink reception quality of an
MS is higher than the value of this parameter, which indicates a
poor quality.
Unit: None
Default Value: 55
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-13
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
BQMARGI BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: If ("downlink level of the neighbor cell after filtering" N
G2GNCELL(O "downlink level of the serving cell (after power control
ptional)
compensation)") > (("Inter-cell HO Hysteresis" - 64) - "BQ HO
MOD
Margin" + 64), the BQ handover to the neighbor cell is triggered.
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 69
INTRACEL BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter specifies whether the intra-cell handover
LHOEN
GCELLHOBA is enabled. Note: A forced intra-cell handover is not subject to this
SIC(Optional) parameter.
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
TIMEBQPU BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After a handover due to bad quality is successful, the
NISH
PEN(Optional) Time after BQ HO": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Penalty Level after BQ HO", to prevent ping-pong
handovers.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
SSBQPUNI BSC6900 SET
Meaning: After a handover due to bad quality is successful, the
SH
PEN(Optional) Time after BQ HO": the receive level of the original serving cell is
decreased by "Penalty Level after BQ HO", to prevent ping-pong
handovers.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 63
ULEDGET BSC6900 SET
Meaning: If the UL receive level remains lower than the "Edge HO
HRES
GCELLHOBA UL RX_LEV Threshold" for a period, the edge handover is
SIC(Optional) triggered.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 10
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-14
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
FLTPARAA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: One of the nine parameters (filter parameters A1 to A8
1
GCELLHOEM and filter parameter B) used to configure the filter for determining
G(Optional) whether the received signal level drops rapidly. The computation
formula is as follows:
C1(nt) = A1 x C(nt) + A2 x C(nt-t) + A3 x C(nt-2t) + ... + A8 x
C(nt-7t)
If C1(nt) is less than B and C(nt) is less than the threshold for
edge handover, the signal level is considered dropping rapidly.
In the formula, A1 to A8 are filter parameters A1 to A8 minus 10
and B is the negative of filter parameter B. C(nt) indicates the
received signal level in the uplink measurement report of the
serving cell received at time nt.
Setting the filter helps to configure the maximum allowed signal
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
2
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-15
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters

3
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
4
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-16
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters

5
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
6
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-17
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters

7
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
8
C(nt-7t)
level drop degree.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
FLTPARAB BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Trend of the received signal level of the cell during a
GCELLHOEM period. This parameter helps to configure the filter for determining
G(Optional) whether the received signal level drops rapidly. If this parameter is
higher, a more rapid signal level drop is required to trigger the
handover due to rapid signal level drop.
Unit: None
Default Value: 0
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-18
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
INTERFHO BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to allow the interference handover algorithm.
EN
GCELLHOBA Interference handovers are triggered when the receive level is
SIC(Optional) higher than the receive threshold while the transmit quality is
lower than the interference handover quality threshold, that is,
when the MSs are subject to all kinds of radio interferences.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
RXLEVOFF BSC6900 SET
Meaning: For AMR FR voice services, a fixed amount of offset is
GCELLAMRQ added to the corresponding grade of the received signal quality for
UL(Optional) the interference handover of non-AMR FR voice services.
Unit: None
Default Value: 5
RXQUAL1 BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Threshold for the interference handover of Non-AMR
GCELLAMRQ FR voice services. AMRFR refers to Adaptive Multi-Rate Full
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 60
BANTIME BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Duration in which intra-cell handover is forbidden after
GCELLHOAD( the number of consecutive intra-cell handovers reaches the
Optional)
maximum. Intra-cell handover can be conducted again only after
this duration.
Unit: s
Default Value: 20
HOTHRES BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Handover threshold during the handovers between cells
GCELLHOBA on different layers or of different priorities. This value is used to
SIC(Optional) suppress inter-layer ping-pong handovers.
Inter-layer handover threshold of the serving cell = "Inter-layer HO
threshold" - "Inter-layer HO Hysteresis";
Inter-layer handover threshold of a neighboring cell = "Inter-layer
HO Threshold" + "Adjacent Cell Inter-layer HO Hysteresis" - 64.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 25
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-19
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
HOTHRES BSC6900 ADD

GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: Handover threshold during the handovers between cells

on different layers or of different priorities. This value is used to
suppress inter-layer ping-pong handovers.
HO Threshold" + "Adjacent Cell Inter-layer HO Hysteresis" - 64.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 25
INTELEVH BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: Hysteresis value during the handovers between cells on
OHYST
G2GNCELL(O different layers or of different priorities. This value is used to
ptional)
suppress inter-layer ping-pong handovers.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O GUI Value Range: 0~127
ptional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 67
NODLMRH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the no-downlink measurement report
OEN
GCELLHOEM handover algorithm
G(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
NODLMRH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When a certain number of no-downlink measurement
OQUALLIM
GCELLHOEM reports are received consecutively and the uplink receive quality is
IT
G(Optional) no smaller than this parameter, no-downlink measurement report
emergency handovers are triggered. No-downlink measurement
report emergency handovers choose the inter-cell handover mode
preferentially; however, if no candidate cells are available and
intra-cell handover is enabled in the current cell, intra-cell
handovers are triggered.
Unit: None
Default Value: 50
NODLMRH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Decisions of no-downlink measurement report
OALLOWLI
GCELLHOEM handovers can be made only when the number of consecutive
MIT
G(Optional) no-downlink measurement reports in the current call is no larger
than this parameter.
Unit: None
Default Value: 8
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-20
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
DATAQUA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Number of measurement reports sampled for averaging
FLTLEN
GCELLHOFIT the signal quality on a speech/data channel. Averaging the signal
PEN(Optional) quality in multiple measurement reports helps to avoid a sharp
signal quality drop due to Rayleigh fading and to ensure the
comprehensiveness of a handover decision.
Actual Value Range: TCH:480~14880, step:480;
SDCCH:470~14570, step:470
Unit: ms
Default Value: 4
QLENSI
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: For the purpose of accurately reflecting the radio
GCELLCHMG environment of a network, filtering is performed on the measured
AD(Optional) values in several consecutive measurement reports. This
parameter indicates the number of measurement reports used for
the filtering of the signal quality on signaling channels. This
parameter is used to determine whether interferences exist on
channels.
Actual Value Range: TCH:480~15360, step:480;
SDCCH:470~15040, step:470
Unit: ms
Default Value: 2
OUTLOAD BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to switch some of the calls in the underlay
HOENABL
GCELLHOED subcell to the overlay.
E
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
OUTGENO BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the load of the underlay subcell is higher than this
VERLDTH
GCELLHOED parameter, some of the calls in the underlay subcell will be
RED
BPARA(Optio switched to the overlay subcell, and channels in the overlay
nal)
subcell will be preferentially assigned to calls initiated in the
underlay subcell as well.
Unit: %
Default Value: 80
INNSERIO BSC6900 SET
Meaning: In an enhanced dual-band network, if the load of the
VERLDTH
GCELLHOED overlay subcell is higher than this parameter, the system cannot
RED
BPARA(Optio initiate an underlay-to-overlay handover.
nal)
Unit: %
Default Value: 90
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-21
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
EDBSYSFL BSC6900 SET

OWLEV
GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: If the current system flow control level is greater than

this parameter, the handover between the underlaid and overlaid
subcells due to low or high load in the underlaid subcell is not
allowed. System flux thresholds correspond to the system flux
obtained based on message packets, CPU load, and FID queuing
load. The system flux level is the current flux control level of the
system.
0-11: There are 12 flow control levels. Where, 0 indicates the
lowest level and 11 indicates the highest level.
The handover performed over the maximum threshold may have
tremendous impacts on the system. Thus, this parameter should
not be set to a higher value. 1) The flow control level algorithm for
the assigned system messages: [(Average Message Usage Inner Flow Control Discard Begin Threshold)/(Inner Flow Control
Discard All Threshold - Inner Flow Control Discard Begin
Threshold) x 100]/10+1 (round-down for division operation). If the
value is smaller than Inner Flow Control Discard Begin Threshold,
Level 0 is used. If the value is equal to or greater than Inner Flow
Control Discard Begin Threshold, the level is calculated. The
value range is from 0 to 11.
2) Flow control threshold for the CPU to start to discard the
channel access messages and paging messages: 80%
. Flow control threshold for the CPU to discard all channel access
messages and paging messages: 100%
. CPU usage smaller than 80% corresponds to level 0. CPU usage
equal to or greater than CPU flow control threshold 80%
corresponds to level 2. An increase of 5% means an increase of 2
levels. Level 10 is the highest. The level value can be 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,
and 10.
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
INTOINNR BSC6900 SET

EXLEVTHR
GCELLHOED
ED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: Lower threshold of the overlay level during

underlay-to-overlay handovers. When the receive level of an MS
is higher than this threshold, the MS can be switched to the
overlay subcell.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 30
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-22
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
OUTSERIO BSC6900 SET

VERLDTH
GCELLHOED
RED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: When the load of the underlay subcell is higher than this
parameter, the underlay-to-overlay load handover period
subtracts a period that equals "Step Length of UL Subcell Load
HO" from "UL Subcell Load Hierarchical HO Periods" every
second, thus increasing the load handover speed.
Unit: %
Default Value: 90
OUTLOAD BSC6900 SET

HOPERIOD
GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: When the load of the underlay subcell exceeds "UL

Subcell General Overload Threshold", all the calls that are using
this cell as the serving cell generate handover requests at the
same time, which will suddenly increase the load of the BSC and
possibly cause congestion in the overlay subcell, thus causing the
handovers to fail. To solve this problem, the BSC uses the
hierarchical load handover algorithm to gradually switch some of
the calls in the underlay subcell to the overlay subcell. This
parameter indicates the duration of each handover level.
Unit: s
Default Value: 5
OUTLOAD BSC6900 SET

HOMODPE
GCELLHOED
RI
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: If the underlay load is higher than "UL Subcell Serious

Overload Threshold", the underlay-to-overlay handover period
subtracts a value that equals this threshold from "UL Subcell Load
Hierarchical HO Periods" every second.
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
OUTLOAD BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Level step during underlay-to-overlay hierarchical load
HOSTEP
GCELLHOED handovers
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 5
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-23
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
OUTLOWL BSC6900 SET

Meaning: When the load of the underlay subcell is lower than this
OADTHRE
GCELLHOED parameter, some of the calls in the overlay subcell will be
D
BPARA(Optio switched to the underlay subcell, and channels in the underlay
nal)
subcell will be preferentially assigned to channel requests initiated
in the overlay subcell as well.
Unit: %
Default Value: 50
OUTINNRE BSC6900 SET
XLEVTHRE
GCELLHOED
D
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: Lower threshold of the overlay level during

overlay-to-underlay handovers. When the receive level of an MS
is higher than this threshold, the MS can be switched to the
underlay subcell.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 25
INNLOADH BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Overlay-to-underlay load handovers are performed by
OPERI
GCELLHOED levels. This parameter indicates the duration of each level.
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
Meaning: Level step during overlay-to-underlay hierarchical load
OSTEP
GCELLHOED handovers
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 5
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-24
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
ATCBTHR BSC6900 SET

ED
GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: Distance between the boundary of the overlaid subcell

and the boundary of the underlaid subcell. This parameter
specifies the difference between the coverage of the overlaid
subcell and the coverage of the underlaid subcell in the concentric
cell or dual-frequency network scenario. The boundaries of the
overlaid and underlaid subcells are determined according to the
relative value between the signal strength of the serving cell and
the signal strength of the neighbor cell. Assume that the signal
strength of the serving cell is SS(s) and that the signal strength of
the neighbor cell is SS(n). If SS(s) = SS(n), the MS is on the
boundary of the underlaid subcell. If SS(s) - SS(n) > "Distance
Between Boudaries of Subcells", the MS is in the coverage of the
overlaid subcell.
In the tight BCCH handover algorithm, this parameter specifies
the difference between the coverage of the TRX that carries the
BCCH and the coverage of the TRX that does not carry the
BCCH. The relevant computation is the same as the preceding
computation.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 10
ATCBHYST BSC6900 SET

GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio
nal)
Meaning: Hysteresis in the distance between the boundary of the

overlaid subcell and the boundary of the underlaid subcell. This
parameter helps to adjust "Distance Between Boudaries of
Subcells" and thus to prevent ping-pong handover between the
overlaid and underlaid subcells. Assume that the signal strength
of the serving cell is SS(s) and that the signal strength of the
neighbor cell is SS(n). If SS(s) - SS(n) < "Distance Between
Boudaries of Subcells" - "Distance Hysteresis Between
Boudaries", the MS is handed over from the overlaid subcell to the
underlaid subcell.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 2
CELLINEX BSC6900 MOD

TP
GCELL(Mand
atory)
ADD
GCELL(Mand
atory)
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
Meaning: This parameter specifies whether a cell is the OL

subcell or the UL subcell. This parameter is applied to the
enhanced dualband cell.
GUI Value Range: Inner(Inner), Extra(Extra)
Actual Value Range: Inner, Extra
Unit: None
Default Value: None

4-25
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters

Meaning: Whether to allow underlay-to-overlay load handovers
OEN
GCELLHOED
BPARA(Optio GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
nal)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
DLEDGET BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Threshold for downlink edge handover. If the downlink
HRES
GCELLHOBA receive level remains less than this threshold for a period of time,
SIC(Optional) the edge handover is triggered. If the PBGT handover algorithm is
enabled, this threshold can be decreased accordingly. If the
PBGT handover algorithm is disabled, over-coverage, co-channel
interference, and adjacent channel interference may occur when
this threshold is set improperly. In addition, to ensure
uplink-downlink balance, this threshold needs to be adjusted
according to the handover performance statistics and actual
network performance.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 20
TRIGTHRE BSC6900 SET

Meaning: The load handover is triggered when the traffic load in a
S
GCELLHOAD( cell is greater than the value of this parameter.
Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: 90
LoadAccTh BSC6900 SET
Meaning: If the load of a cell is lower than the value of this
res
GCELLHOAD( parameter, the cell can admit the users handed over from other
Optional)
cells with higher load. Otherwise, the cell rejects such users.
Unit: %
Default Value: 80
LoadAccTh BSC6900 ADD
res
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

parameter, the cell can admit the users handed over from other
Unit: %
Default Value: 80

4-26
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LoadAccTh BSC6900 ADD

res
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT3GCEL
L(Optional)

parameter, the cell can admit the users handed over from other
Unit: %
Default Value: 80
LOADHOS BSC6900 SET

Meaning: In hierarchical load handovers, starting from "Edge HO
TEP
GCELLHOAD( DL RX_LEV Threshold", a "Load HO Step Level" is added to the
Optional)
upper handover threshold after every "Load HO Step Period". In
this way, all the calls in the current serving cell whose receive
level is in the range "Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold" to "Edge
HO DL RX_LEV Threshold" + "Load HO Bandwidth" are switched
to other cells.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 5
LOADHOP BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the load of a cell reaches or exceeds "Load HO
ERIOD
GCELLHOAD( Threshold", all the calls that are using this cell as the serving cell
Optional)
generate handover requests at the same time, which will suddenly
increase the load of the processor. Under some circumstances,
congestion occurs in the cell, which will result in call drop. To
solve this problem, the BSC uses the hierarchical load handover
algorithm to control the number of users included in each level of
handovers.
This parameter indicates the duration of each handover level.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
LOADOFF BSC6900 SET
Meaning: In the handover algorithm of the first generation, load
SET
GCELLHOAD( handovers can be performed only when the receive level of the
Optional)
current serving cell is in the range "Edge HO DL RX_LEV
Threshold" to "Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold" + "Load HO
Bandwidth".
In the handover algorithm of the second generation, load
handovers can be performed only when the level difference
between the neighboring cell and the serving cell is between
("Inter-cell HO Hysteresis" - 64) - "Load HO Bandwidth" and
("Inter-cell HO Hysteresis" - 64).
Unit: dB
Default Value: 25
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-27
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LoadHoEn BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter specifies whether a traffic load-sharing
GCELLHOBA handover is enabled. The load handover helps to reduce cell
SIC(Optional) congestion, improve success rate of channel assignment, and
balance the traffic load among cells, thus improving the network
performance. The load handover is used as an emergency
measure instead of a primary measure to adjust abnormal traffic
burst in partial areas. If load handovers occur frequently in a
partial area, the cell and TRX configuration of BTSs and the
network layout should be adjusted.
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
SYSFLOW BSC6900 SET
Meaning: System flux thresholds correspond to the system flux
LEV
GCELLHOAD( obtained based on message packets, CPU load, and FID queuing
Optional)
load. The system flux level is the current flux control level of the
system.
0-11: There are 12 flow control levels. Where, 0 indicates the
lowest level and 11 indicates the highest level.
A load handover is allowed only when the system flux is lower
than the value of this parameter. The handover performed over
the maximum threshold may have tremendous impacts on the
system. Thus, this parameter should not be set to a higher value.
1) The flow control level algorithm for the assigned system
messages: [(Average Message Usage - Inner Flow Control
Discard Begin Threshold)/(Inner Flow Control Discard All
Threshold - Inner Flow Control Discard Begin Threshold) x
100]/10+1 (round-down for division operation). If the value is
smaller than Inner Flow Control Discard Begin Threshold, Level 0
is used. If the value is equal to or greater than Inner Flow Control
Discard Begin Threshold, the level is calculated. The value range
is from 0 to 11.
2) Flow control threshold for the CPU to start to discard the
channel access messages and paging messages: 80%
. Flow control threshold for the CPU to discard all channel access
messages and paging messages: 100%
. CPU usage smaller than 80% corresponds to level 0. CPU usage
equal to or greater than CPU flow control threshold 80%
corresponds to level 2. An increase of 5% means an increase of 2
levels. Level 10 is the highest. The level value can be 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,
and 10.
GUI Value Range: 0, 8~11
Actual Value Range: 0, 8~11
Unit: None
Default Value: 10
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
OutBscLoa BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to use external 2G neighboring cells as the
dHoEn
GCELLHOAD( target cells of load handovers
Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
FRINGEHO BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the edge handover algorithm. When
EN
GCELLHOBA an MS makes a call at the edge of a cell, the call may drop if the
SIC(Optional) received signal level is too low. To avoid such a call drop, the
edge handover algorithm is involved. When the uplink signal level
of the serving cell is less than "Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold"
or the downlink signal level of the serving cell is less than "Edge
HO DL RX_LEV Threshold", the edge handover is triggered.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
EDGELAST BSC6900 SET
Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if the conditions for edge
1
GCELLHOBA handover are met for P seconds within N seconds, the handover
SIC(Optional) is triggered.
This parameter specifies the number P.
Actual Value Range: 0.5~16, step:0.5
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
EDGESTA BSC6900 SET
T1
GCELLHOBA handover are met for P seconds within N seconds, the handover
SIC(Optional) is triggered.
This parameter specifies the number N.
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
EDGEADJL BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if a neighbor cell meets the
ASTTIME
G2GNCELL(O conditions for selecting the neighbor cell for edge handover in P of
ptional)
N measurement reports, the edge handover to the neighbor cell is
MOD
triggered.
G2GNCELL(O This parameter specifies the number P.
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
EDGEADJ BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if a neighbor cell meets the
STATTIME
G2GNCELL(O conditions for selecting the neighbor cell for edge handover in P of
ptional)
N measurement reports, the edge handover to the neighbor cell is
MOD
triggered.
G2GNCELL(O This parameter specifies the number N.
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
QCKMVHO BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the fast moving micro-cell handover
EN
GCELLHOBA algorithm. The fast moving micro-cell handover algorithm enables
SIC(Optional) fast moving MSs to switch over to macro-cells, thus reducing the
handover times.
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
QCKTIMET BSC6900 SET
Meaning: A time threshold determined based on the radius of a
H
GCELLHOAD( cell and the moving speed of an MS. If the MS crosses the cell in a
Optional)
time period shorter than this threshold, the BSC concludes that
the MS quickly passes through the cell. Otherwise, it concludes
that the MS slowly passes the cell.
Unit: s
Default Value: 15
QCKSTAT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter is used in the P/N criteria decision: If an
CNT
GCELLHOAD( MS quickly passes through N out of P micro-cells lately, the BSC
Optional)
enables the fast moving micro-cell handover algorithm. This
parameter corresponds to the N in the P/N criteria.
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
QCKTRUE BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter is used in the P/N criteria decision: If an
CNT
GCELLHOAD( MS quickly passes through N out of P micro-cells lately, the BSC
Optional)
enables the fast moving micro-cell handover algorithm. This
parameter corresponds to the P in the P/N criteria.
Unit: None
Default Value: 2
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4-30
GSM BSS
Handover
LAYER
4 Parameters
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Layer where a cell is located. The network designed by
GCELLBASIC Huawei has four layers: Umbrella (layer 4), Macro (layer 3), Micro
PARA(Option (layer 2), and Pico(layer 1). Each layer can be set with 16
al)
priorities.
GUI Value Range: 1, 2, 3, 4
Actual Value Range: 1, 2, 3, 4
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
LAYER
BSC6900 ADD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
Meaning: A network basically consists of four layers, namely,

Umbrella, Macro, Micro, and Pico. Cell priorities influence the
sorting of neighboring cells during handovers as well as handover
algorithms including PBGT and inter-layer handovers. For
example, PBGT handovers can only occur among cells on a same
layer and of a same priority level. If you assign different layers and
priorities to a 1800-M cell and a 900-M cell, PBGT handovers from
the 1800-M cell to the 900-M cell will not occur. This causes slow
handovers even when the receive quality is good.
GUI Value Range: 1, 2, 3, 4
Actual Value Range: 1, 2, 3, 4
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
LEVHOEN BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to allow inter-layer and inter-level handovers.
GCELLHOBA The inter-layer and inter-level handover algorithm is achieved
SIC(Optional) through the setting of different layers and priorities for cells, which
switches traffic to cells of a higher precedence (decided by "Layer
of the cell" and "Cell priority" together).
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
LEVLAST
BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The triggering of inter-layer handovers must meet the
G2GNCELL(O P/N criteria, that is, when the condition for inter-layer handovers is
ptional)
met for a consecutive P seconds during N seconds, an inter-layer
MOD
handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the P in the
G2GNCELL(O P/N criteria.
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LEVSTAT BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: The triggering of inter-layer handovers must meet the
G2GNCELL(O P/N criteria, that is, when the condition for inter-layer handovers is
ptional)
met for a consecutive P seconds during N seconds, an inter-layer
MOD
handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the N in the
G2GNCELL(O P/N criteria.
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
PBGTHOE BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to use the PBGT handover algorithm. PBGT
N
GCELLHOBA handovers are based on path loss. The PBGT handover algorithm
SIC(Optional) searches in real time for cells that have lower path loss and meet
certain system requirements, and decides whether to perform the
handovers. To avoid ping-pong handovers, PBGT handovers can
occur only on TCHs and among cells on a same layer and a same
priority level.
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
PBGTLAST BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The triggering of PBGT handovers must meet the P/N
G2GNCELL(O criteria, that is, when the condition for PBGT handovers is met for
ptional)
a consecutive P seconds during N seconds, a PBGT handover is
MOD
triggered. This parameter corresponds to the P in the P/N criteria.
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
PBGTSTAT BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The triggering of PBGT handovers must meet the P/N
G2GNCELL(O criteria, that is, when the condition for PBGT handovers is met for
ptional)
a consecutive P seconds during N seconds, a PBGT handover is
MOD
triggered. This parameter corresponds to the N in the P/N criteria.
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
PBGTMAR BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: PBGT handovers to a neighboring cell are allowed only
GIN
G2GNCELL(O when the downlink level difference between the neighboring cell
ptional)
and the serving cell is larger than this parameter. When the value
MOD
of this parameter is smaller than 64, handovers to a neighboring
G2GNCELL(O cell with a lower level than the current serving cell are allowed.
ptional)
Unit: dB
Default Value: 68
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
INTRACEL BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to allow AMR handovers. This parameter has
LFHHOEN
GCELLHOBA no impact on dynamic non-AMR F-H handovers.
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
AMRTCHH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the BSC to assign AMR half rate
PRIORALL
GCELLCHMG channels preferentially according to the channel types allowed by
OW
AD(Optional) the MSC and the current TCH seizure ratio of the cell
GUI Value Range: OFF(Off), ON(On)
Actual Value Range: OFF, ON
Unit: None
Default Value: ON
AMRTCHH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Load threshold for assigning half rate channels
PRIORLOA
GCELLCHMG preferentially. If the current TCH seizure ratio of the cell is greater
D
AD(Optional) than this threshold, AMR half rate channels are assigned
preferentially.
Unit: %
Default Value: 55
INHOF2HT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: For an AMR call, if the currently occupied channel is a
H
GCELLHOBA full rate channel and the Radio Quality Indication (RQI) is always
SIC(Optional) higher than the threshold set by this parameter, an intra-cell F-H
handover is triggered.
Unit: None
Default Value: 25
INFHHOLA BSC6900 SET
Meaning: The triggering of intra-cell F-H handovers must meet the
ST
GCELLHOBA P/N criteria, that is, when the condition for intra-cell F-H
SIC(Optional) handovers is met for P seconds during N seconds, an intra-cell
F-H handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the P in
the P/N criteria.
Unit: s
Default Value: 8
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
INFHHOST BSC6900 SET

Meaning: The triggering of intra-cell F-H handovers must meet the
AT
GCELLHOBA P/N criteria, that is, when the condition for intra-cell F-H
SIC(Optional) handovers is met for P seconds during N seconds, an intra-cell
F-H handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the N in
the P/N criteria.
Unit: s
Default Value: 10
INHOH2FT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: For an AMR call, if the currently occupied channel is a
H
GCELLHOBA half rate channel and the Radio Quality Indication (RQI) is always
SIC(Optional) lower than the threshold set by this parameter, an intra-cell H-F
handover is triggered.
Unit: None
Default Value: 12
SIGCHANH BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable a handover between signaling
OEN
GCELLHOBA channels
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
TALASTTI BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The P/N criterion must be met for triggering a TA
ME
G2GNCELL(O handover. That is, the TA handover can be triggered only if P
ptional)
measurement reports among N measurement reports meet the
MOD
triggering conditions. This parameter corresponds to P in the P/N
G2GNCELL(O criterion.
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
TASTATTI BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The P/N criterion must be met for triggering a TA
ME
G2GNCELL(O handover. That is, the TA handover can be triggered only if P
ptional)
MOD
triggering conditions. This parameter corresponds to N in the P/N
ptional)
Actual Value Range: 0.5~0.8, step:0.5
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LEVHOHY BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Hysteresis value during the handovers between cells on
ST
GCELLHOBA different layers or of different priorities. This value is used to
SIC(Optional) suppress inter-layer ping-pong handovers.
HO threshold" + "Adjacent Cell Inter-layer HO Hysteresis" - 64.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 2
BQLASTTI BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if the conditions for
ME
G2GNCELL(O emergency BQ handover are met in P of N measurement reports,
ptional)
the handover is triggered.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
BQSTATTI BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if the conditions for
ME
G2GNCELL(O emergency BQ handover are met in P of N measurement reports,
ptional)
the handover is triggered.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
Meaning: The triggering of interference handovers must meet the
ELASTTIM
GCELLHOBA P/N criteria, that is, when P out of N measurement reports meet
E
SIC(Optional) the condition for interference handovers, a concentric circle
handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the P in the
P/N criteria.
Unit: s
Default Value: 2
Meaning: The triggering of interference handovers must meet the
ESTATTIM
GCELLHOBA P/N criteria, that is, when P out of N measurement reports meet
E
SIC(Optional) the condition for interference handovers, a concentric circle
handover is triggered. This parameter corresponds to the N in the
P/N criteria.
Unit: s
Default Value: 3
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
ULBQLAST BSC6900 ADD

Meaning: The P/N criterion must be met for triggering a UL BQ
TIME
G2GNCELL(O handover. That is, the UL BQ handover can be triggered only if P
ptional)
MOD
triggering conditions. This parameter corresponds to P in the P/N
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
ULBQSTAT BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: The P/N criterion must be met for triggering a UL BQ
TIME
G2GNCELL(O handover. That is, the UL BQ handover can be triggered only if P
ptional)
MOD
triggering conditions. This parameter corresponds to N in the P/N
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
EDGELAST BSC6900 SET
GCELLHOBA handover are met in P of N measurement reports, the handover is
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
EDGESTA BSC6900 SET
T
GCELLHOBA handover are met in P of N measurement reports, the handover is
Unit: s
Default Value: 1
HCSLASTT BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: According to the P/N rule, if the conditions for the
IME
G2GNCELL(O handover to a different micro cell due to fast movement are met in
ptional)
P of N measurement reports, the handover is triggered.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 2
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
HCSSTATT BSC6900 ADD

IME
G2GNCELL(O handover to a different micro cell due to fast movement are met in
ptional)
P of N measurement reports, the handover is triggered.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 3
BETTERCE BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the algorithm for the handover to a
LLHOEN
GCELLHOBA better cell
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
PATHLOSS BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to perform path loss-based sorting in a better
HOEN
GCELLHOBA cell handover algorithm
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
BETTERCE BSC6900 ADD
LLLASTTIM
G2GNCELL(O handover to a better cell due to interference are met for P seconds
E
ptional)
within N seconds, the handover is triggered.
MOD
G2GNCELL(O
ptional)
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
AMRFULLT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the algorithm for the load-based
OHALFHO
GCELLHOBA AMR handover between full rate and half rate
ALLOW
SIC(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
SPEECHV BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Speech version configured on the TRX timeslot when
ERSION
BTSCHNFALL the BTS works in fallback mode. When "CHNTYPE" of the TRX
BACK(Mandat timeslot is set to "FULLTCH", value 0 of this parameter indicates
ory)
FR and value 1 indicates EFR; when "CHNTYPE" of the TRX
timeslot is set to "HALFRCH", this parameter is invalid.
GUI Value Range: FR(FR), EFR(EFR)
Actual Value Range: FR, EFR
Unit: None
Default Value: FR
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters

OHALFHO
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional)
PATHTHR
ESH
Meaning: Path loss threshold for the AMR handover from full rate
to half rate. If the path loss of an AMR full rate call is equal to or
less than this threshold, the AMR call is handed over from full rate
to half rate.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 100

OHALFHO
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional)
ATCBTHR
ESH
Meaning: ATCB threshold for the AMR handover from full rate to
half rate. If the ATCB of an AMR full rate call is equal to or greater
than this threshold, the AMR call is handed over from full rate to
half rate.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 20

OHALFHO
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional)
QUALTHR
ESH
Meaning: Quality threshold for the AMR handover from full rate to
half rate. If the uplink and downlink receive quality levels of an
AMR full rate call are equal to or less than this threshold, the AMR
call is handed over from full rate to half rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 0
FULLTOHA BSC6900 SET

LFHOLAST
GCELLHOBA handover from full rate to half rate are met for P seconds within N
TIME
SIC(Optional) seconds, the handover is triggered.
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
FULLTOHA BSC6900 SET
LFHOSTAT
GCELLHOBA handover from full rate to half rate are met for P seconds within N
TIME
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
NOAMRFU BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to allow non-AMR voice F-H handover
LLTOHALF
GCELLHOBA
HOALLOW
SIC(Optional) GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
NOAMRFU BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the path loss value of non-AMR full rate voice is
LLTOHALF
GCELLHOBA no larger than this parameter, the condition for non-AMR F-H
SIC(Optional) handovers is met.
HOPATHT
HRESH
Unit: dB
Default Value: 95
NOAMRFU BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the ATCB value of non-AMR full rate voice is no
LLTOHALF
GCELLHOBA smaller than this parameter, the condition for non-AMR F-H
HOATCBT
HRESH
Unit: dB
Default Value: 30
AMRHALF BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to enable the algorithm for the uplink and
TOFULLHO
GCELLHOBA downlink receive quality based AMR handover from half rate to full
SIC(Optional) rate
QUALALLO
W
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
AMRHALF BSC6900 SET
TOFULLHO
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional)
PATHTHR
ESH
Meaning: Path loss threshold for the AMR handover from half rate
to full rate. If the path loss of an AMR half rate call is greater than
this threshold, the AMR call is handed over from half rate to full
rate.
Unit: dB
Default Value: 108
AMRHALF BSC6900 SET

Meaning: ATCB threshold for the AMR handover from half rate to
TOFULLHO
GCELLHOBA full rate. If the ATCB of an AMR half rate call is less than this
SIC(Optional) threshold, the AMR call is handed over from half rate to full rate.
ATCBTHR
ESH
Unit: dB
Default Value: 4
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
AMRHALF BSC6900 SET

TOFULLHO
GCELLHOBA
SIC(Optional)
QUALTHR
ESH
Meaning: Quality threshold for the AMR handover from half rate to
full rate. If the receive quality level of an AMR half rate call is
greater than this threshold, the AMR call is handed over from half
rate to full rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
HALFTOFU BSC6900 SET

LLHOLAST
GCELLHOBA handover from half rate to full rate are met for P seconds within N
TIME
Unit: s
Default Value: 4
HALFTOFU BSC6900 SET
LLHOSTAT
GCELLHOBA handover from half rate to full rate are met for P seconds within N
TIME
Unit: s
Default Value: 6
NOAMRHA BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Whether to trigger non-AMR H-F handovers according
LFTOFULL
GCELLHOBA to the uplink and downlink receive quality
SIC(Optional)
HOQUALA
LLOW
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
NOAMRHA BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the path loss value of non-AMR half rate voice is
LFTOFULL
GCELLHOBA no smaller than this threshold, the condition for non-AMR H-F
HOPATHT
HRESH
Unit: dB
Default Value: 103
NOAMRHA BSC6900 SET
Meaning: When the ATCB value of non-AMR half rate voice is no
LFTOFULL
GCELLHOBA larger than this threshold, the condition for non-AMR H-F
HOATCBT
HRESH
Unit: dB
Default Value: 14
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
NOAMRHA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Quality threshold for non-AMR H-F handovers. When
LFTOFULL
GCELLHOBA the receive quality of a user is no smaller than this parameter, the
SIC(Optional) user meets the condition for H-F handovers.
HOQUALT
HRESH
Unit: None
Default Value: 2
RXQUAL2 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 50
RXQUAL3 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 49
RXQUAL4 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 48
RXQUAL5 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 47
RXQUAL6 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 46
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
RXQUAL7 BSC6900 SET

UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 45
RXQUAL8 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 44
RXQUAL9 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 43
RXQUAL10 BSC6900 SET
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 42
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 41
UL(Optional) Rate.
Unit: None
Default Value: 40
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GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LOADHOA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter specifies whether to use the load
D
GCELLHOAD( handover or the enhanced load handover.
Optional)
GUI Value Range: NO(NO), YES(YES)
Actual Value Range: YES, NO
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
LOADSTAT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter specifies whether the dynamic PDCHs
YPE
GCELLCHMG that have been converted into the PDCHs are considered during
AD(Optional) the calculation of the current cell load.
GUI Value Range: NODYNPDCH(Not count dynamic PDCH),
DYNPDCHASOCCUPY(Count dynamic PDCH(Occupy)),
DYNPDCHASIDLE(Count dynamic PDCH(Idle))
Actual Value Range: NODYNPDCH, DYNPDCHASOCCUPY,
DYNPDCHASIDLE
Unit: None
Default Value: DYNPDCHASIDLE
DYNCHNP BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Mode of preempting the dynamic channel for the CS
REEMPTL
GCELLPSCH domain and PS domain. Only the channel configured in the TCH/F
EV
M(Optional) mode can be preempted.
"Preempt all dynamic TCHFs" indicates the circuit domain can
preempt all the dynamic channels.
"No preempt of CCHs" indicates the circuit domain can preempt
all the dynamic channels except the CCHs.
"No preempt of service TCHF" indicates the circuit domain cannot
preempt all the dynamic channels of bearer services.
GUI Value Range: LEVEL0(Preempt all dynamic TCHFs),
LEVEL1(No preempt of CCHs), LEVEL2(No preempt of service
TCHF)
Actual Value Range: LEVEL0, LEVEL1, LEVEL2
Unit: None
Default Value: LEVEL0
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GSM BSS
Handover
CHTYPE
4 Parameters
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Type and function of the channel
GTRXCHAN(
Optional)
Combined BCCH+7TCH
Main BCCH+SDCCH/8+6TCH
Main BCCH+2SDCCH/8+5TCH
Main BCCH+SDCCH/8+extended BCCH (BCH)+5TCH
Main BCCH+SDCCH/8+extended BCCH (BCH)+TCH+extended
BCCH (BCH)+3TCH
The BCCHs in a cell need to be configured according to the
number of channels in the cell and the paging capacity in the
location area.
The main and combined BCCHs shall always be configured in
timeslot 0. An extended BCCH can be configured only in timeslot
2, 4, or 6. If an extended BCCH is configured, the CCCH
parameter in the system message data needs to be configured
accordingly. For example, if an extended BCCH is configured in
timeslot 2, the CCCH parameter in the system message data
needs to be configured as two uncombined CCCHs.
To enable cell broadcast in a cell, add a CBCH to the cell during
the radio channel configuration. In the case of SDCCH/8 cell
broadcast, set this parameter to SDCCH_CBCH. You can change
a TCH into SDCCH+CBCH or the original SDCCH into
SDCCH+CBCH. In the case of SDCCH/4 cell broadcast, set this
parameter to BCCH_CBCH. With the same effect, the SDCCH/8
and SDCCH/4 cell broadcast services serve different network
planning requirements.
The data configurations for half-rate networking differ from the
data configurations for other networking.
In the case of half-rate networking, each TRX maintains high RSL
traffic. Therefore, the LAPD signaling link multiplexing ratio at the
Abis interface is up to 2:1.
In the case of half-rate networking, each E1 supports up to 13
TRXs. If the LAPD signaling links are unmultiplexed, each E1
supports fewer TRXs.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
GUI Value Range: TCHFR(TCH Full Rate), TCHHR(TCH Half

Rate), SDCCH8(SDCCH8), MBCCH(Main BCCH),
CBCCH(Combined BCCH), BCH(BCH),
BCCH_CBCH(BCCH+CBCH), SDCCH_CBCH(SDCCH+CBCH),
PBCCH_PDTCH(PBCCH+PDTCH),
PCCCH_PDTCH(PCCCH+PDTCH), PDTCH(PDTCH),
DPDCH(Dynamic PDCH)
Actual Value Range: TCHFR, TCHHR, SDCCH8, MBCCH,
CBCCH, BCH, BCCH_CBCH, SDCCH_CBCH, PBCCH_PDTCH,
PCCCH_PDTCH, PDTCH, DPDCH
Unit: None
Default Value: TCHFR
4-44
GSM BSS
Handover
4 Parameters
LOADHOU BSC6900 SET

Meaning: This parameter specifies the ratio of the MSs that
SRRATIO
GCELLHOAD( simultaneously perform a load handover. You can enlarge the
Optional)
ratio to accelerate the handover to a neighboring cell for load
sharing. Too large a ratio, however, causes the neighboring cell to
be congested. When a neighboring cell is congested, you need to
reduce the ratio to a reasonable value.
Unit: None
Default Value: 3
LOADHOP BSC6900 ADD
Meaning: If the path loss in the serving cell minus that in a
BGTMARGI
G2GNCELL(O handover candidate cell is not smaller than the parameter value,
N
ptional)
the handover to the candidate cell is allowed. The parameter
MOD
loosens the requirement of the PBGT handover threshold when
G2GNCELL(O the load of the serving cell reaches a certain level. Some traffic
ptional)
that could not be handed over to a neighboring cell through the
PBGT handover can be handed over now. The value "0" indicates
that the enhanced load handover to the neighboring cell is not
allowed.
Actual Value Range: -64dB~63dB
Unit: dB
Default Value: 0
PRIOR
BSC6900 SET
Meaning: This parameter controls handover between cells at the
GCELLBASIC same layer. Generally, the cells at the same layer are set with the
PARA(Option same priority. If the cells at the same layer have different priorities,
al)
a cell with a smaller priority value has a higher priority.
GUI Value Range: PRIOR-1(Priority-1), PRIOR-2(Priority-2),
PRIOR-3(Priority-3), PRIOR-4(Priority-4), PRIOR-5(Priority-5),
PRIOR-6(Priority-6), PRIOR-7(Priority-7), PRIOR-8(Priority-8),
PRIOR-9(Priority-9), PRIOR-10(Priority-10),
PRIOR-15(Priority-15), PRIOR-16(Priority-16)
Actual Value Range: PRIOR-1, PRIOR-2, PRIOR-3, PRIOR-4,
PRIOR-5, PRIOR-6, PRIOR-7, PRIOR-8, PRIOR-9, PRIOR-10,
PRIOR-11, PRIOR-12, PRIOR-13, PRIOR-14, PRIOR-15,
PRIOR-16
Unit: None
Default Value: PRIOR-1
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

4-45
GSM BSS
Handover
PRIOR
4 Parameters
BSC6900 ADD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
MOD
GEXT2GCEL
L(Optional)
COBSCMSC BSC6900
ADJEN
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
Meaning: This parameter controls the handovers among cells on a

same layer. A smaller priority value indicates a higher priority.
Cells with higher priorities are preferentially selected as the
handover target cells.
GUI Value Range: Prior-1, Prior-2, Prior-3, Prior-4, Prior-5,
Prior-6, Prior-7, Prior-8, Prior-9, Prior-10, Prior-11, Prior-12,
Prior-13, Prior-14, Prior-15, Prior-16
Actual Value Range: Prior-1, Prior-2, Prior-3, Prior-4, Prior-5,
Prior-6, Prior-7, Prior-8, Prior-9, Prior-10, Prior-11, Prior-12,
Prior-13, Prior-14, Prior-15, Prior-16
Unit: None
Default Value: Prior-1
SET
Meaning: Whether to adjust the candidate cell queue to give priority to
GCELLHOBASI intra-BSC/MSC handover
C(Optional)
Unit: None
Default Value: YES

4-46
GSM BSS
Handover
5 Counters
5 Counters
For the counters, see the BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

5-1
GSM BSS
Handover
6 Glossary
6 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

6-1
GSM BSS
Handover
7 Reference Documents
7 Reference Documents
[1] 3GPP TS 08.58 Base Station Controler - Base Transceiver Station (BCS-BTS) Interface Layer 3
Specification
[2] 3GPP TS
04.08 Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification
[3] BSC6900 Feature List

[4] BSC6900 Basic Feature Description
[5] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
[6] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
[7] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
[8] BSC6900 Performance Counter Reference
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)

7-1

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Handover

Feature Parameter Description

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Huawei Industrial Base

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

1.2 Intended Audience

Personnel working on Huawei GSM products or systems

System operators who need a general understanding of this feature

1.3 Change History

The added parameters are listed as

Enhanced Load Handover is

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Change Type Change Description

Parameters are presented in the None

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm I

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Figure 2-2 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm I

Whether minimum interval

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

In handover algorithm I, five types of handover decisions are defined:

Normal handover. Normal handover ensures good services when an MS is moving.

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Figure 2-3 Handover decisions based on handover algorithm I

Handover Decision Based on Handover Algorithm II

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Figure 2-4 Procedure of handover decision based on handover algorithm II

Whether minimum interval

Whether minimum interval

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Concentric cell handover

Handover between a fullrate TCH and a half-rate

TIGHT BCCH handover

Handover Execution (GBFD-117101 BTS power lift for handover)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

NE Selection for Measurement Report Processing

Data Selection for Measurement Report

Measurement Report Interpolation

Measurement Report Filtering

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Channel Type Parameter

Receive level of the SDCCH

Filter Length for SDCCH Level

Filter Length for SDCCH Qual.

Filter Length for TCH Qual

Filter Length for TA

TA filter length for SDCCH level

Receive level of the BCCH

Filter Length for TCH Level

Filter Length for Ncell RX_LEV

Power of the BTS in TCH

Filter Length for TCH Level

Filter Length for TCH Qual

3.2 Handover Preprocessing