ikB&11

foksg vkSj jkt

1857 dk vkanksyu vkSj mlds O;k[;ku
Rebels and the Raj
(1857 revolt and its Representation)
1.

Why did the Indian think during British period that their
religion was in danger?

Ans. (i)
Conservative Indians were angered by the various social
reforms initiated by the British. The abolition of sati,
legalizing of widow remarriages were regarded as unwanted
interference in Indian Social.

2.

(ii)

Indian sentiments were also hurt by the Christian

Missionaries.

(iii)

In 1850, the government passed the Hindu property law

under which even after converting to Christianity one
could inherit one's ancestral property.

(iv)

The people's resentment was further fuelled by the

Maulvis and Brahmins whose cry that their respective
religions were in danger cloaked their selfish interests
as these classes now lost their former importance.

What was the system of Subsidiary Alliance? How did it help

the Britishers to consolidate their position in India?

Ans. The Subsidiary Alliance was a Boat of agreement between the

British and on Indian ruler on the basis of Mutual
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understanding for performing administrative, military and

political function.
Provisions of the Subsidiary Alliance:
(i)

The Indian ruler accepting the Alliance would not enter

into alliance with any other power.

(ii)

Would not declare was against any power without

permission of the British.

(iii)

World allows the British resident to stay in his state.

(iv)

Would acknowledge the Britishers as the paramount

power.

(v)

Would maintain some British force at his own expense

in his state.

(vi)

In return for accepting all these condition, the British

would protect the Indian ruler from internal and
external danger.

Advantages of the Subsidiary System to the British.

3.

(i)

The British were able to raise army at the expense of the

Indian rulers.

(ii)

They were able to raise army at the expense of the

Indian rulers.

(iii)

Successful in checking the French.

(iv)

Increased their control without waging war.

(v)

Chances of revolts on the part of Indian ruler were

minimised.

A very high degree of Hindu Muslim Unity was observed in

the 1857 revolt Explain with example.

Ans. Unity of Hindus and Muslims : A very high degree of HinduMuslim unity was reflected in the 1857 Revolt. There was
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scarcely a man of either faith who did not show unity. An

English man wrote, "....... the infanticide Rajput, the bigoted
Brahman, the fanatic Musalman and the luxury living,
Martha joined together in the cause. Cow killer and the cowworshipper, the pig hater and the pig eater revolted jointly."
Several Hindu rulers accepted Mughal emperor Bahadur
Shah as their leader. Bahadur Shah had many prominent
Hindu officers, who fought togetherly against the Britishers.
In Awadh prominent leaders of the revolt belonged to
both the communities.
4.

Analyse the causes of the unrest against the British rule in

India.
or
"The revolt of 1857 came as a culmination of popular
discontent with British policies and exploitation, "In the light
of the statement explain the reasons of discontent of Indian
people before 1857.

Ans. (i)

Ruin of Indian economy

(ii)

Wealth drain fro India

(iii)

Decay of Indian handcrafts

(iv) Dispossession of several Indian rulers from their

kingdoms.
(v)

Discriminatory social policies of the rulers.

(vi)

Interference in religious affairs of the people of India

(vii) Low salaries to Indian Military personal as compared

with their Europeur counterparts
(viii) Arrogance of the English people.
5.

Did the Revolt of 1857 have a popular character? Give

reasons in support of your answer.
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Ans. Yes, it was a popular Revolt.

6.

(i)

Participation by civilians.

(ii)

Common Symbol like chapatis and Red Lotus

(iii)

Involvement of several regions

(iv)

Hindu-Muslim unity.

(v)

Involvement of the local leaders of different part of

India.

Explain the causes of the failure of the Revolt of 1857.

or
"The weaknesses of the Revolt were deeper" Explain why the
Revolt failed inspite of some patriotic leaders.

Ans. (i)

Lack of a common cause

(ii)

Lack of National consciousness

(iii)

Uncoordinated efforts

(iv)

Absence of effective Leadership

(v)

Lack of Nation wide Dimensions

(vi)

Loyalty of Several Rulers to the British

(vii) Lack of Resources

(viii) Lack of Good Generals
(ix)

Regular supply of the British forces

(x)

The British Supremacy on the sea.

(xi)

British Diplomacy.

(xii) Hostility of several indigenous rulers.

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ikB&11
iz'u 1.

Hkkjrh;ksa us fczfVk dky es ;g D;ksa lkspk fd mudk /keZ [krjs esa gS\

(i)

vf/kdrj Hkkjrh; fczfV'k ljdkj }kjk lrhFkk ij frca/k o fo/kkok fookg dks dkuwu h
ekU;rk nsus dks] lekt ds vkarfjd ekeyksa esa gLr{ksi le>rs FksA

(ii)

blkbZ fe'kufj;ksa us Hkkjrh;ksa dh /kkfeZd Hkkoukvksa dks Bsl igqapk;hA

(iii)

1850 bZ- esa vaxzstksa us Hkkjrh; lEifk dkuwu ikl fd;k ftlesa mu Hkkjrh;ksa dks
lgqfy;r nh tks blkbZ /keZ Lohdkj djrs gSaA

(iv)

turk ds vlarks"k dks eqYyk o iafMrksa us Hkh c<+k;k fd mudk /keZ vaxzstksa ds dky esa
vlqjf{kr gSA

iz'u 2.
dh\

lgk;d la/kh Fkk D;k Fkh\ blus vaxzstksa dks lkezkT; foLrkj esa fdl dkj lgk;rk

ykWMZ osystyh ds dky esa Hkkjrh; 'kkldksas o vaxzstksa ds e/; 'kklu] lsok o jktuhfrd dk;ks
ij ijLij le>kSrk FkkA
'krs &
(i)

ftu Hkkjrh; 'kkldksa us lgk;d la/kh ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSa( vius jkT; esa vaxzstksa ds
vykok vU; fdlh 'kfDr ls le>kSrk ugha djsaxAs

(ii)

vaxzstksa ls fcuk Lohfr dksbZ ;q) ugha yM+saxAs

(iii)

,d vaxzst jsftMsUV dks vius jkT; esa jgus nsaxAs

(iv)

jkT; dks vius [kpsZ ls ,d vaxzsth QkSth VqdM+h j[kuh gksxhA

(v)

lgk;d la/kh dh 'krs Lohdkj djus okys jkT; dh lqj{kk dh xkjaVh fczfV'k bLV
b.M;k dEiuh nsrh FkhA

lgk;d la/kh Fkk ds Qk;ns &

(i)

vaxzstksa us bl O;oLFkk ds }kjk dbZ jkT;ksa ij viuk fu;a=k.k LFkkfir fd;kA

81

(ii)

Hkkjrh; 'kkldksa ds [kpsZ ls ,d vaxzsth QkSt vaxzstksa ds fy, rS;kj gks x;hA

(iii)

kal dh rkdr ij fu;a=.k yxkus esa lQyrk feyhA

(iv)

fcuk ;q) ds vaxzsth lkezkT; dk foLrkj gqvkA

(v)

vaxzstksa ds fo#) foksgksa esa deh vkbZA

iz'u 3.
1857 ds foksg ds nkSjku mPp Lrj dk fgUnw&eqfLye rkyesy dk vuqHko gqvkA
dFku dh mnkgj.k lfgr O;k[;k djsaA
1857 ds foksg ds nkSjku mPp Lrj dh fgUnw&eqLye ,drk ns[kus dks feyhA vaxzst
bfrgkldkjksa us bldks Lohdkj djrs gq, dgk gS fd xk; dkVus okys o xk; dh iwtk djus
okys] lqvj ls ?k`.kk djus okys o lqvj dks [kkus okyksa ds e/; ,d:irk FkhA dbZ fgUnw
'kkldksa us cgknqj'kkg dks viuk usr k Lohdkj fd;kA cgknqjkkg ds usr`Ro es vusds fgUnw o
ewfLye usrk ,d lkFk vaxsztks ds fo:) yMsA
cgknqj'kkg ds cgqr lkjs lSfud dek.Mj fgUnw Fks rFkk vo/k ds eq[k usrk nksuksa gh leqnk;ksa
ls FksA

iz'u 4.

1857 ds foksg ds dkj.kksa dk fo'ys"k.k dhft,A

vFkok
^^1857 dk foksg fczfV'k ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa o 'kks"k.k ds fo#) tu vlarks"k dk n'kZu Fkk**
bl dFku ds lanHkZ esa 1857 ds foksg ds dkj.kksa dk fo'ys"k.k dhft,A

(i)

Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk iru

(ii)

Hkkjrh; /ku dk fons'kksa esa iyk;u

(iii)

gLrf'kYi dk iru

(iv)

Hkkjrh; 'kkldksa ds jkT;ksa dh gM+i

(v)

vaxzsth 'kkldksa }kjk lkekftd HksnHkko

(vi)

Hkkjrh;ksa ds /kkfeZd ekeyksa eas gLr{ksi

82

(vii) ;wjksih;ksa o Hkkjrh; lSfudksa ds osru esa varj

(viii) vaxzstksa dk tkfrxr vgadkj
iz'u 5.

D;k 1857 dks foksg vf[ky Hkkjrh; pfj= dk Fkk\ leFkZu esa rdZ nsaA

gka] fuEu rdks ls ;g fl) fd;k tk ldrk gS fd 1857 dh kafr dk pfj= vf[ky Hkkjrh;
Lrj dk Fkk &
(i)

vke yksxksa dh Hkkxhnkjh

(ii)

,d tSls rhdksa dk mi;ksx tSls jksVh] dey dk Qwy

(iii)

ns'k ds fofHk Hkkxksa dk lg;ksx

(iv)

fgUnw&eqfLye ,drk

(v) nsk ds fofHkUu Hkkxkas ds LFkkuh; usrkvksa }kjk Hkkx fy;k tkukA
iz'u 6.

1857 ds foksg dh vlQyrk ds dkj.kksa dh O;k[;k djsaA

vFkok

^^foksg dh dfe;ka xgjh FkhaA** bl dFku ds lanHkZ esa ;g crkb;s fd foksg ds jk"Vh; usrkvksa
ds usr`Ro ds ckotwn vlQy D;ksa gqvk\
(i)

ms'; dh ,d:irk dk vHkko

(ii)

jk"Vh; psruk dk vHkko

(iii)

vkilh rkyesy dh deh

(iv)

;ksX; usr`Ro dh deh

(v)

O;kid foLrkj dk vHkko

(vi)

dqN 'kkldksa dh vaxsztksa ds lkFk lgkuqHkwfr

(vii) lalk/kuksa dk vHkko

(viii) lsukifr;ksa ;ksX; dh deh
(ix)

vaxzstksa dks ckgjh lSfud lgk;rk

(x)

leq ij vaxst
z ksa dk vf/kd 'kfDr'kkyh gksuk

(xi)

vaxzstksa dh dwVuhfr

(xii) dqN LFkkuh; 'kkldksa dh vaxsztksa ds fr lgkuqHkwfrA

83