Dynamics

Kinematics

Geometry of motion
Position, Velocity,
Acceleration

1-D, Chapter 2
2-D, Chapter 3

Special applications

Kinetics

Constant acceleration
Projectile motion

Relation between forces

and motion
F=ma

Module 2
Chapters 4-6

Energy methods &

impulse-momentum

Module 3
Chapters 7-9

Rectilinear Motion
Motion along a line
Need three things:

1.
2.
3.

Zero
Positive direction
Units

This is our coordinate system.

Motion variables are vectors since they
have magnitude and direction.

Velocity
s s2 s1
=
t t 2 t1

Average velocity

vavg =

Instantaneous velocity

v = lim

Work backwards

s ds
=
= s&
t 0 t
dt

s = vdt

Slope of position graph = velocity

Area under velocity graph = change in position

Acceleration
Average acceleration

Instantaneous acceleration

Work backwards

aavg =

v v2 v1
=
t t 2 t1

v dv
=
= v& = &s&
t 0 t
dt

a = lim

v = adt

Slope of velocity graph = acceleration

Area under acceleration graph = change in velocity

Example 1
s(t ) = 6t 2 t 3
where,
t is in seconds
s is in feet

Qualitatively plot v-t

and a-t graphs.
Physically
describe the
motion.

Example 1
s(t ) = t 3 + 6t 2
v(t ) = 3t 2 + 12t

a(t ) = 6t + 12
At t = 6sec, where
is the particle?
How far has the
particle traveled in
6 seconds?

s(t )
ds
v (t ) =
dt
a(t ) =

dv
dt

Up the ladder:

s(t ) = s0 +

v (t )dt
0

v (t ) = v 0 +

a(t )dt
0

a(t )

Integrate

Down the ladder:

Differentiate

The Kinematics Ladder

Example 2

a(t ) = 12t 2
v 0 = 200
s0 = 500

where,
t is in seconds
s is in m
Qualitatively plot v-t
and s-t graphs.
Physically
describe the
motion.

Example 2
s(t ) = t 4 + 200t 500
v (t ) = 4t 3 + 200
a(t ) = 12t 2
At t = 6sec, where
is the particle?
How far has the
particle traveled in
6 seconds?

Example 3

v (t ) = 4t
s0 = 10

where,
t is in seconds
s is in feet
Qualitatively plot a-t
and s-t graphs.
Physically
describe the
motion.

Example 3
s(t ) = 2t 2 10
v(t ) = 4t
a(t ) = 4

At t = 6sec, where
is the particle?
How far has the
particle traveled in
6 seconds?