EIO

E = hf

9
E = Nhf

E
= N E = N hf = K* hf
t
t
t
( * )
P=

9
c = f

n=

c0

= 0 >1
c

9
n1

= 2
n2
1

( 2)

9 hr

1 Bohr

2 Bohr

k e2 = m
r
r
h
L = mr = n
n = 1,2,3...
=
2

Fc = FK

3 Bohr
" "
4 Bohr
E i E f = hf

2
K = ke
2r

U = ke
r

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

E = ke
2r

En =

E1
n2

n = 1,2,3... E 1 = 13,6eV

9
rn = n2r1 n = 1,2,3... r 1 =0,53 10
10m

9
E 2 E1 = 10,2eV

E 3 E1 = 12,09eV
E 4 E1 = 12,75eV

E = E E1 = 13,6eV

9
E = E En =

13,6
eV
n2

9
K i = eV

9
=

hc
Ki K f

9 hc
min =

eV

f = 0

9 ,
= +

9
9
2

1u = 1 m(12
C) = 1,66055 10 27Kg
12 6

= m p + Nm n M

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

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EB = c 2

c2

A
A
ZX

ZA24 Y + 42 He

1
0n

11 p + e + v e

1
1p

10 n + e + + v e

9 E

A *
ZX

ZA X +

9
=
t

=
t

9
N = N0e t
0

9
0,693
T1/ 2 = ln2 =

9
A +B +

Q = (M A + M B M M )c 2

9
1
0n

141
92
1
+ 235
92 U 56 Ba + 36 Kr + 3 0n

9 ( - )
1
1H
1
1H

+11H 12 H + e+ + v e

1
1H

+ 32 He 42 He + e + + v e

+12 H 23 He +

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

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2
= = 2f

(t = 0): x = 0 , > 0

x = At

= maxt, max =
= maxt, max = 2

x = (t + 0)

= max(t + 0)

= max(t + 0)

0 [0,2)

F = Dx, D = m2
= 2 m
D

9 (

= 0)

1
= m2 = 2t
2
1
U = Dx2 U = E2t
2

()

E = K + U E= 1 DA 2 = 1 m 2max
2
2

(t = 0): q = Q i = 0
( )
q = Qt

i = It, I = Q
T = 2 LC

1 q2
UE = UE = E2t
2 C
4

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

1
N
f = f =
T
t

1
UB = Li2 UB = E2t
2

F= b

A = 0e t
b
t = , = 0,1,2, =
2m

A
A0
A
= 1 = ... =
= e = .
A1 A 2
+1

= 1 DA 2
2

= 1 DA 20e 2t
2

t = , = 0, 1, 2,

9
R

Q = Q 0e t

R
t = , = 0,1,2, =
2L

9
, b = 0:
f = f0

9
1. ,

x1 = A1t x2 = A2(t + )

x = A(t + )
A =

A12

A 22

+ 2A1A 2 =

2
1 + 2

2. , , .
x1 = A1t x2 = A2t
Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising
. 210 3840020



2 1 + 2
x = 2A 1
t
t

2
2
A~

2
= 2 1
t

1 + 2
2

x = At

= At

= At

f = f1 f 2

= f
(
2
y = A t)
x
t

y = A2 -
T

x
t
y = A2 +
T

x
t
= 2 -
T

x
t
= -2 A2 -
T

(t = .)
x

y = A2 . -

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

x
= 2

x
= 2

T
, t

, t
t
= 2

9

y = 2A2

r1 + r 2

r1 r2
2 t

T
2
2

( = 2 )
r1 r2 = N , = 0,1,2,

(= 0)
r1 r2 = (2N + 1) , = 0,1,2,
2

2
t r + r
2 - 1 2
T

2
r +r

= 42 2 t 1 2
T
2

E ( x=0 )
y = 2A 2x 2t ,

= 2 2t

2
= 42 2t
T

x = ,
2

= 0, 1, 2,

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

x
t
= max 2 -
T
x
t
= max 2 -
T

= c Emax = c

Bmax

9
f, v, .

=
r =
(Snell)
n = nbb

c
0
n = n =

( )
nb
crit =
n

9

=r

d
=
dt
8

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

x = (2 + 1) ,
= 0, 1, 2,
4
( )

d = =
2



d
=
dt

9 R

ds =Rd

ds
cm = cm = R
dt

acm = R

= FA

= FA

= Fd
d

1. F = 0 (Fx = 0 Fy = 0)
2. = 0

I = m 1r12 + m 2r 22 + ..

(Steiner)
Ip = Icm + Md 2

9

= I

dL
=
dt

L = pr L = mr
Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising
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L = I

= 0, L = . I11 = I22

= 0, L = . L = L

1
= I2
2
1
. = 2cm
2

1
1
= 2cm + I2
2
2

W =

P =

-
W = 1 I 22 1 I 12
2
2

9
p = p

E
m1 = m2
10

1 =

m1 m 2
2m2
2 +
1
m1 + m2
m1 + m 2

2 =

m 2 m1
2m1
1 +
2
m1 + m2
m 1 + m2

1 = 2 2 = 1

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

L = L1 + L 2 +


2 = 0

1 =

m1 m 2
m1 + m 2

2 =

2m 1
m1+ m 2

2 = 0 m2 >> m1
2 = 0 m1>>m2

1 1 2 0

1 1 2 21

x = x + uxt y = y + uyt

x = ~ x +ux y = ~ y +u y

,
= + u

F = F

x cm =

m ix i
M

ycm =

m iy i
M

z cm =

m iz i
M

x cm =

m1x1 + m2x 2
m1 + m2

dm
F =u
dt
dm
o
dt

9 Doppler
-
fA = fS
-

fA =
fS

(+), (),
.
Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising
. 210 3840020

11


-
fA = f S
S

(), (+),
.
-

fA =
fS
S

12

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020