Fikr-o-Nasar (Islamabad) 47:1 (2009)

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Abstract
This article studies the law of peace treaties in the realm of International Law

(Siyar) of Islam. Its findings show that the Imam can enter into a peace treaty with
other states if it is beneficial for the Muslims and its provisions are not against the
injunctions of the Shari'ah. According to the preferred opinion of Muslim fuqha' the
duration of a peace treaty is left to the discretion of the Imam to decide, keeping in

view the interests of Muslim community. A Muslim state can terminate a treaty (a)

on the expiry of its period; (b) if the other party breaches one of its fundamental
provisions; (c) if the other party directly or indirectly assists a third party to wage

war against the Muslims; (d) if the other party was hatching a conspiracy against
the Muslims. Some Muslim jurists consider aman (pledge) as a kind of treaty. The

agreement of jizyah (poll-tax) between non-Muslim citizens of a Muslim state and

the Imam practically stands abolished in the modern world, as such non-Muslims
are protected under the Constitutions of Muslim states.

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Dr Muhammad Hamidullah Library, IIU, Islamabad.

http://iri.iiu.edu.pk/

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Use of Force for the Right of Self-Determination in International Law

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