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Điều Khiển Vận Tốc Và Moment Động Cơ AC - Servo Bằng PLC Kết Hợp WinCC - Flexible Siemens
Điều Khiển Vận Tốc Và Moment Động Cơ AC - Servo Bằng PLC Kết Hợp WinCC - Flexible Siemens
NGUYN MINH TM
bng PLC kt hp WinCC-Flexible Siemens
LI NI U
rong cng cuc xy dng v pht trin t nc ang bc thi k cng nghip
ho-hin i ho vi nhng c hi thun li v nhng kh khn thch thc ln.
iu ny t ra cho th h tr, nhng ngi ch tng lai ca t nc nhng
nhim v nng n. t nc ang cn sc lc v tr tu cng nh lng nhit
huyt ca nhng tr thc tr, trong c nhng k s tng lai. Vi s pht trin nhanh
chng ca cuc cch mng khoa hc k thut ni chung v trong lnh vc in - in t - t
ng ha - tin hc ni ring lm cho b mt ca x hi thay i tng ngy.
Trong iu khin chuyn ng l mt trong nhng lnh vc a dng v pht trin
nhanh trong ngnh iu khin v t ng ho. Trong nhng h thng iu khin v tr, tc
v moment yu cu s chnh xc cao rt cn n mt thit b p ng.y l thch thc v
cc nh khoa hc, nh sn xut ch to ra mt loi ng c th lm c nhim v ny
l ng c servo. Ngy nay h thng servo c ng dng rng ri trong cc h thng, cc
my yu cu s chnh xc cao. i vi trng hc vic tm hiu v ng c servo l rt hn
ch nn ti cng mun tm hiu v n c th hiu v ng c ny
V thi gian nghin cu v iu kin thc hin hn ch nn chc chn khng trnh
c cc sai st. Rt mong nhn c s ng gp kin t cc thy c v cc bn ti
c hon thin hn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!
LI CM N
PHN HNG DN
1)........................................................................................
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thng
nm 2010
CH NHIM B MN
( K v ghi r h v tn)
( K v ghi r h v tn)
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MC LC
mc
Trang
Li ni u.............................................................................................................................1
Li cm n..............................................................................................................................2
Nhim v lun vn ................................................................................................................3
Nhn xt ca GVHD..............................................................................................................4
Nhn xt ca GVPB...............................................................................................................5
Mc lc...................................................................................................................................6
PHN 1 . T VN ...................................................................................................11
I. L do chn ti..........................................................................................................12
II. Mc tiu nghin cu...................................................................................................12
III. Gii hn nghin cu...................................................................................................13
IV. Nhim v nghin cu.................................................................................................13
V. i tng nghin cu.................................................................................................13
VI. Phng php nghin cu............................................................................................14
VII. Ni dung ca ti...................................................................................................14
PHN 2 : GII QUYT VN ....................................................................................15
CHNG I : C S L LUN.................................................................................16
1.1 LCH S PHT TRIN CA NG C.......................................................16
1.2 TNH HNH SN XUT V NHU CU S DNG........................................16
CHNG II: C S L THUYT H IU KHIN SERVO.............................17
2.1 TNG QUAN V CC H IU KHIN TRONG CNG NGHIP:.............17
v moment...............................................................................35
2.4.3 Mng hnh iu khin DIGITAL OPERATOR (JUSP-OP02A,
JUSP-OP03A)....................................................................................39
2.4.3.1 Thng s ca mng hnh iu khin Digital Oprater (JUSPOP02A, JUSP-OP03A)............................................................40
2.4.3.2 Chc nng v hng dn s dng Digital Oprater
(JUSP-OP02A)...........................................................................40
2.4.3.3. Ci t thng s cho mod tc v moment vi mng hnh
iu khin Digital Oprater (JUSP-OP02A, JUSP-OP03A) ......46
2.4.4 Kt ni ng c Ac-Servo (SGM-******) v vi mng hnh iu
khin Digital Oprater (JUSP-OP02A) vi driver SERVOPACK
(SGD*-****) .....................................................................................50
CHNG III: C S L THUYT V S7-200 V OPC...................................52
3.1.
5.1 u im ca ti.......................................................................77
5.2 u im ca ti.......................................................................77
PHN 3 : KT LUN V KIN NGH ........................................................................78
I. Kt lun................................................................................................79
II. Kin ngh.............................................................................................80
PHN 4 : TI LIU THAM KHO V TH MC NH KM ..............................81
10
PHN I
T VN
11
I. L DO CHN TI
gy nay, vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca khoa hc v cng ngh
trn tt c cc lnh vc th cc sn phm ngy cng phi c yu
cu cao hn v cht lng sn phm, mc t ng ho sn
xut v c bit l chnh xc gia cng v hnh dng hnh hc.
S pht trin ca nn cng nghip robot hin i cng gn lin vi vic iu khin
chuyn ng v l tin cho pht trin nn cng nghip.Vi h thng SCADA, kh
nng qun l t xa ton b h thng v cc thit b t ng trong h thng tr nn rt
hiu qu. Khi c s c bt k phn on no h thng s t ng phn tch v gi v,
ngi vn hnh s nhn tn hiu thng bo qua giao din ngi my( Human Machine
Interface, HIM) ca cc phn mm iu khin chuyn dng nh Wincc hay WinccFlexible. Ngi vn hnh ch cn ngi ti bn iu khin trung tm, theo di v gim
st ton b h thng thay v phi chy xung tn ch kim tra khi c s c xy ra
trong h thng. Nhn thy c s tin li v hiu qu ca h thng iu khin servo
trong qu trnh sn xut cng nh nhu cu ca x hi v lnh vc ny,ti thc hin
ti: iu khin vn tc v moment ng c AC-Servo bng PLC kt hp WinCCFlexible Siemens hiu r hn v bn cht ca iu khin tc v moment, hiu
12
Giao tip gia PLC Siemens S7-200 v phn WinCC Flexible bng phn PC
Access.
- To giao din trn WinCC iu khin v gim st bng phn mm WinCC Flexible.
V. I TNG NGHIN CU
Thit lp giao tip gia PLC Siemens S7-200 v phn WinCC Flexible
bng phn PC Access.
13
Lm m hnh.
VII. NI DUNG CA TI
CHNG1: C S L LUN
CHNG 2: C S L THUYT V H IU KHIN SERVO
CHNG 3: C S L THUYT V S7-200 V OPC
CHNG 4:WINCC FLEXIBLE V HMI
14
PHN II
GII QUYT
VN
CHNG 1 : C S L LUN
SVTH : BIN QUC THOI
15
1.1
1.2
16
CHNG 2: C S L THUYT V H IU
KHIN SERVO
2.1 TNG QUAN V H THNG IU KHIN TRONG CNG
NGHIP:
17
18
19
2.2
20
2.2.2.1
H thng servo l g?
21
2.2.2.2
C cu nh v:
2.2.2.3
C cu chuyn ng nh hng:
22
2.2.2.4
23
khng. Tuy nhin trong thc t ng c quay nhng vng chnh xc con trt
trt chnh xc v qut ln ton b khon trng trn l rt kh thc hin nu khng c
mt s b tr cho n. V trong h thng servo nht thit c nhng hm lnh thc hin
vic b tr, hiu chnh ny. Nh trong hnh v trn, h thng servo gi xung lnh hiu
chnh cng/tr s lng xung lnh iu khin v cc xung lnh hiu chnh ny s
khng c tnh n trong b m xung.
24
25
2.3
CU TO V C TNH CA NG C SERVO:
2.3.1 Cu to:
26
27
2.3.2.1
Tng tc p ng:
28
2.3.2.2
2.3.2.3
29
tng cng cch in v s dng st Ferrit hoc nam chm t him (rare earth).
2.3.2.4Kh nng n nh tc :
Khng c mch in hon ho, khng c t trng hon ho trong thc t. Chnh
v th mt ng c quay 1750 rpm khng c ngha l n lun lun quay 1750 rmp
m n ch dao ng quanh gi tr ny. ng c servo khc bit vi ng c thng l
ch n nh tc kh cao. Cc ng c servo loi ny thng c s dng
trong cc ng dng i hi tc chnh xc (nh robot). N c thit k sao cho c
th gia tng c dng t trong mch t ln kh cao v gia tng t tnh ca cc t. Cc
rnh rotor c thit k vi hnh dng c bit v cc cun dy rotor cng c b tr
khc c bit c th p ng c yu cu ny. Mt hnh nh minh ho
30
2.3.2.5
31
32
33
34
2.4.1.1
35
2.4.1.2
Thng s ng c:
Nhn ca ng c cho ta cc thng s k thut ca ng c
2.4.1.3Nguyn tc hot ng ca ng c:
36
2.4.2.1
37
38
2.4.2.2
COM+,COM_:chn ngun
SV-ON: cho php ng c lm vic
P-CON: chn mod iu khin
P-NL: mod iu khin
N-NL: mod iu khin
CL:xa b m
SV-RST:chn reset li
P-OT,N-OT:chn cng tc hnh trnh thun v nghch
35
36
37
Tn hiu
in p
analog t
PLC
38
39
40
Mode iu khin 3 cp tc :
41
42
43
OP02A,JUSP-OP03A):
44
2.4.3.2
45
Khi nhn nt
46
47
48
Lu chn gi tr 00 cn ci t bng cc nt
Nhn nt
Lu chn gi tr 00 cn ci t bng cc nt
Nhn nt
chuyn mode.
49
Nhn nt
Khi bm nt
led cui cng, nt
50
51
52
Operator (JUSP-OP02A,JUSP-OP03A):
Thc hin vic set thng s thng qua mn hnh.C rt nhiu thng s.cc thng
s ny a phn c gi nguyn theo tiu chun ci t ban u ca nh sn xut. cc
thng s ci t cho mode tc v moment ch yu chng ta can thip vo mt s
thng s c lin quan n tc vo moment cho ph hp vi yu cu v mc ch s
dng ca chng ta.
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
C nhng module chuyn dng thc hin nhng chc nng c bit hay
nhng module truyn thng kt ni PLC vi mng cng nghip hoc mng Internet
62
on thc hin chng trnh l giai an truyn thng v kim tra li. Vng qut c
kt thc bng giai on chuyn cc ni dung ca b m o n cng ra
63
Hnh 2.2: s mch giao tip gia CPU 224 AC/DC/RLY vi sensor v c
cu chp hnh
DC/DC/DC
Hnh 2.3: S mch giao tip gia CPU 224 DC/DC/DC vi sensor v c
cu chp hnh
64
3.2.4 Cc mode m ca b m:
Mi b m u c nhng Mode m khc nhau. Ty vo tng ng dng c th
m ngi lp trnh la chn Mode m cho ph hp. Di y trnh by Mode m
ca cc b m tiu biu:
HSC0 c 1 mod m(Mod 0).Cc b m cn li u c 12 Mod m
Bng m t ch m ca cc b HSC
Mode 0,1,2 : dng m 1 pha vi hng m c xc nh bi bit ni
65
66
Mode 5: : m tng hoc gim c bit RESET v bit START cho php bt u
m cng nh bt u reset.Cc bit reset cng nh start l cc tn hiu INPUT c
chn t bn ngoi
Mode 6,7,8: dng m 2 pha vi 2 xung vo,1 xung dng m tng v 1 xung
dng m gim
67
Dng 2:m tng 4 khi c xung A/B quay theo chiu thun, gim4 khi c xung
A/B quay theo chiu nghch
Mode 11: : m tng hoc gim c bit RESET v bit START cho php bt u
m cng nh bt u reset.Cc bit reset cng nh start l cc tn hiu INPUT c
chn t bn ngoi
Mode 12:
Ch p dng vi HSC0 v HSC3.HSC0 dng m xung pht ra t Q0.0 .
HSC3 dng m xung pht ra t Q0.1 .m khng cn phi u ni phn cng c
ngha l PLC t kim tra t bn trong.
3.2.5 ngha cc bit ca byte trng thi khi lp trnh cho HSC:
Cc bit khng s dng c b qua
Byte iu khin ca HSC0 :SMB36
SVTH : BIN QUC THOI
68
69
70
3.2.9 Gi tr tc thi, gi tr t
71
c xung tc cao ,ta thc hin cc bc sau cho vic nh dng Wizard:
Chn Wizard c xung tc cao High Speed Counter
Dng chu k qut u tin (SM0.1) gi chng trnh con khi to. Trong
chng trnh con khi to thc hin cc cng vic sau y.
Np gi tr cho Byte iu khin.
Gn b m vi Mode m tng ng dng lnh HDEF.
Np gi tr tc thi.
Np gi tr t trc.
Gn chng trnh ngt vi s kin ngt dng lnh ATCH nu s dng
ngt.
Cho php ngt dng lnh ENI.
Chn b m thc thi dng lnh HSC.
Lu : Ton b cc bc trn u c thc hin trong mt chng trnh con
khi to HSC. Vic khi to ny ch thc hin mt ln, khi no cn thay i gi tr, ch
lm vic th mi khi to li.
3.3
72
Ngt vo ra
Ngt timer
Cc iu kin ngt xy ra s c lu li v sp xp theo th t
Mt chng trnh ngt c th c gi bi nhiu s kin ngt, Tuy nhin
mt s kin ngt th khng th gn cho nhiu chng trnh ngt
Ty thuc vo loi CPU m s lng ngt cng nh s kin ngt c khc
nhau
73
3.4
74
Dy in p ng vo v phn gii.
in p vo: +10V, +5V, +2,5V,-5V,-2,5V.
Dng in ng vo: 0 n 20mA.
phn gii: 5uA hay t 1,25mV n 2,5mV.
Gi tr s ng vo: -32000 n 32000 hay t 0 n 32000.
Switch chn gi tr ng vo v phn gii.
SVTH : BIN QUC THOI
75
1.1.2.
76
77
Ngy nay OPC c gi l COM for Proccess Control t khi OPC da trn
COM. COM l mt i tng chung ca h thng hot ng Windows v c iu
khin bn trong bi mt vi i tng phn mm.
(COM (Component Object Model: m hnh cc i tng thnh phn) l mt
giao thc chun giao tip gia cc i tng cc b trn mt my tnh nhng
chng l thnh phn ca nhng chng trnh khc nhau)
Bng vic s dng COM, OPC Server s tr thnh mt phn ca h thng
Windows v do , OPC Server khng c lp v tn file, v tr lu tr v phin bn.
pht trin hn na COM, DCOM thm tr h tr nhng ng dng phn tn v
cho php ng hot ng gia cc i tng phn mm trn cc my tnh khc nhau
trong phm vi mt mng.
OPC cung cp mt c cu cung cp d liu t ngun d liu v chia s d liu
n bt k ng dng khc theo nhng cch thc tiu chun. Mt nh cung cp ngy
nay c th pht trin mt Server s dng v ti u ho kh nng ny chia s d liu
ti ngun d liu, v bao gm c c cu truy cp d liu t d liu ngun vi hiu sut
cao. Vic cung cp Server cng vi vic giao din OPC cho php bt k Client no
cng c th truy cp cc thit b ca OPC.
Mc d OPC c thit k ban u l truy cp d liu t mng Server, nhng
giao din OPC c th c s dng nhiu ni trong phm v mt ng dng. Mc truy
cp thp nht, chng c th thu thp d liu t cc thit b vt l trong mng
SCADA hoc DCS hoc l h thng SCADA,DCS trong phm vi ng dng.K thut
v thit k ny to nn kh nng c th cu trc mt OPC Server cho php cc ng
dng khc c th truy cp t nhiu OPC Server khc nhau c cung cp bi nhiu
nh cung cp OPC khc nhau chy trn nhng nt mng khc nhau thng qua mt i
tng .
3.5.3 ng dng ca vic giao tip OPC
ng dng ca giao din OPC c da trn m hnh Server-Client. Mt i
tng ca Server th cung cp dch v cho nhng i tng giao tip khc thng qua
giao din. Mt i tng khc s s dng cc dch v ny. Vi OPC, mt ng dng c
th c th nhn ra mt OPC Server ang tn ti trn h thng. C th a ch ha mt
hoc nhiu Server v yu cu dch v m chng s cung cp. T vi OPC Client khc
nhau c th truy cp mt OPC Server ti cng mt thi im, cng ngun d liu
s dng cho bt k lnh ng dng OPC.
3.5.4 OPC Server
Thnh phn OPC phn phi d liu gi l OPC Server. Cc thnh phn ny thc
hin vic thm nhp tn ti trn h thng (my tnh). Mt phn dch v, chng cung
cp thng tin cho cc OPC Client t bt k ngun d liu no; c th l ngun d liu
v phn cng hay thnh phn ca mt phn mm. D liu c thu thp t giao din,
card bus trng, thit b o hay thit b iu khin.
Mi OPC server c gn mt tn duy nht bi nh cung cp nh dng n.
Theo tiu chun COM th ci tn ny c nh ngha nh l ProgIDs. Bng vic xc
nh ProgIDs, chng ta c th nh a ch cho OPC Server xc nh.
3.5.5 OPC Client
SVTH : BIN QUC THOI
78
79
80
Lu tr cnh bo v gi tr qu trnh:
H thng HMI c th c bn ghi gi tr cnh bo v qu trnh. Trong tng
lai, cho php bn truy cp d liu qu trnh v ly ra nhng d liu sn xut trc .
Ghi chp cnh bo v gi tr qu trnh:
H thng HMI c th c bn thng bo cc cnh bo v gi tr qu trnh.
iu ny cho php bn in ra d liu sn xut.
Qun l thng s my v qu trnh:
4.2
81
4.3
82
83
Hnh 3.4: Thit lp giao tip gia HMI vi s7 300 qua MPI
Kt ni gia HMI vi s7-300 qua Ethernet
84
WinCC Flexible giao tip cc thit b thng qua cc Tags. WinCC Flexible thc hin
tnh ton v truyn d liu thng qua tag xung thit b, d liu thu nhn t thit b
cng c thng qua tag v PLC.
C 2 loi tag: tag ni v tag ngoi
Tag ni: c s dng tnh ton, lu tr trong ni ti ca WinCC, tag ni khng
giao tip vi cc b iu khin lp trnh bn ngoi.WinCC qun l tag ni thng qua
tn ca tag v kiu d liu tng ng. Chnh v vy trong mt chng trnh th tn ca
tag l c nht.
Tag ngoi: L nhng vng nh bn trong b iu khin lp trnh hoc thit b m
phng. Tag ngoi lun gn vi mt a ch v mt kiu d liu nht nh. WinCC qun
l cc tag ngoi thng qua tn ca tag v a ch ca n.
85
Standar Toolbar: L ni cha cc nt cho php chng ta thc hin nhng lnh
mt cch nhanh chng.
Tool: Cung cp cho chng ta nhng i tng chun nh ( Polygon, Ellipse,
Rectangle,) cc i tng thng minh ( OLE control, OLE Eleemnt, I/O
Field,) v cc i tng Window ( Button, Check Box,.)
Project: L ni cung cp cc dch v v iu khin hot ng ca giao din nh
to ngt, to ra cc report
Kch bn (Scrip):Scipt l ni m ta to ra cc hot ng khi c s kch hot.
Scipt c h tr vit bng ngn ng Visual Basic. Trong script h tr mt c
php chun ca cc lnh
86
87
CHNG 5: U IM V HN CH
I.
U IM CA TI:
1) Tnh khoa hc ca ti:
ti nghin cu v cch thc iu khin tc v moment ca ng c Ac-Servo.
Tuy ng c Servo c s dng nhiu trng cng nghip nhng ti ny l mt ti
tng i l mi.
Nghin cu thc t chng minh cc sn phm Ac-Servo sau ny c th cng lc
iu khin c c v tr tc v moment. Qua ti em c thm mt kin thc thc t qu
bu c th h tr cho ti sau khi ra ra trng v bc chn vo xa hi.
II.
HN CH CA TI:
V thi gian nghin cu c hn, my mc thit b khng y nn cn c nhng vn
cn tn ti.
Cha lm c ht tt c cc cch iu khin tc .
Cha lm c ht tt c cc cch iu khin moment.
Vic nghin cu ch mi dng li v tr, tc v moment ca b ng c
nh.
88
PHN 3
KT LUN
V KIN NGH
89
I. KT LUN
n hon thnh ng tin v c bn t c cc yu cu ra nh sau:
Tm hiu cu to, c im k thut ca cc thit b: PLC
Hiu c nguyn l hot ng v nm c phng php iu khin
h thng servo
S dng c phn mm Wincc Flexible v phn mm Step 7 MicroWin
V4.0
Chy thnh cng h thng trn m hnh tht
Tuy nhin vn cn mt s hn ch cha c x l.
Trong qu trnh thc hin n T.S NGUYN MINH TM tn tnh hng dn
tc gi c th hon thnh n mt cch tt nht. Tc gi cng c gng nhiu
nhng do hn ch v ti liu tham kho v nng lc nn s khng trnh khi nhng
thiu st. Rt mong nhn c nhng kin b sung, gp ca qu thy c ti
ca tc gi ngy cng hon thin hn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!
90
91
PH LC
92