Unit 2: Matter

(2.1) Definition, Composition, and

History of Matter

Democritus and his ideas on atoms

Democritus Atoms

Lavoisier discovering elements

Some of Lavoisiers experiments

involving chemical reactions

Example of a chemical reaction

showing how matter (mass) is
conserved

Unit 2: Matter
(2.2) Development of the Atomic
Model

Examples of types of models

History of the Atomic Model

John Dalton

Daltons Atoms

J. J. Thomson and his Cathode

Ray Tube Experiment

J. J. Thomsons Plum Pudding

Model

Ernest Rutherford

Up close view of Rutherfords gold

atoms

James Chadwick

Chadwicks proton-neutron model

of the atomic nucleus

The three isotopes of Hydrogen:

each contain a different number of
neutrons

Niels Bohr

Quarks

Different combinations of three

quarks produce either a proton or a
neutron

Quarks have fractional positive and

negative charges. Below would be
an example of a neutron

Unit 2: Matter
(2.3) Elements and the Periodic
Table of Elements

Dmitri Mendeleev and his periodic

table of elements (next slide)

Visual Periodic Table

Comparing metals and nonmetals

Elemental Metals

Additional examples of metals

Examples of nonmetals

Example of a metalloid