TAN6 GUilllG QUAN IJ GIAO DUG PHAP lUAT TAI GAG GO S i GIAU UUG

(I VUNG NUI, VUNG UAN TUG-THOG TRANG VA GIAI PHAP

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1. Thyc frong si> d y n g cdc kdnh p h d b i l n

g i d o d y e p h d p ludt (PBGDPL) tgi cdc co sd
g i d o dye d vOng n u i , vung ddn tdc
Nhgn tht/c v l chinh sdch vd phdp lugt (PL) cua
cdn bd, ddng bdo ddn tdc thilu sd {DTTS} edn
hgn c h l . K i t qud nghien ct/u khdo sdt cua Vy
Plidp c h l - Bd GD-DT phdi hgp vd! Vidn Ddn tgc
- Uy ban ddn tgc cuo Qud'e hdi h/ ndm 20092011 eho thd'y: Phdn tdn dong bdo DTTS d d b i l t
d i n c h l do, chinh sdeh uu ddi cOo nhd nudc nhung
chua tim h i l u kT dd id nhijng c h l do ndo, dieu
kin ra sao,... ^54% sd ngudi duge khdo sat}. Cd
28,d% chua tim h i l u - khdng b i l t c h l d d chfnh
sdeh Id gi. Chi cd 17,3% Id d d Hm h i l u , b i l t dt/gc
mdt sdngi dung cua cdc chuong trinh hd frg phdt
friin kinh t l - x d hdl d cdc vijng ddng bdo ddn
tdc, mien nui, vung sdu, vOng xa. Nhu edu edn
duge ttm h i l u PL, c n l d o , chfnh sdch uu ddi cijo
Ddng, Nhd nude ctia ddng bdo DTTS Id khd coo
|chl&n 88,9%). Hogt ddng hjydn fruyin, phd b i l n ,
GDPL cd hidu qud (nhgn xet ctia 57,3% so ngudi
dugc phdng vd'n). Cd 37,4% nhdn xet Id hogt
dgng ndy dd duge td cht/c thudng xuydn d cdc
CO sd gido dye trong cdc xd vOng sdu, vi)ng xa.
Cdc hinh thuc hiydn fruyin, phd bie'n GDPL,
duo thdng Hn PL d i n vdi ngudi ddn d egng ddng
DTTS rdt do dgng, phong phu, d d Id: - PBGDPL
fryc h i p (hjyen fruyin midng); - Bidn sogn, phdt
hdnh cde logi tdi lidu PBGDPL (td gdp, sdch mdng,
dp phfeh...); - GDPL frong cdc co sd gido dye;
- Td eht>c cdc eugc thi Hm hieu PL; - PBGDPL thdng
qua sinh hogt cuo cdc cdu Igc bd PL d egng d d n g ;
- PBGDPL fren bdo ehf vd trdn mgng ludl fruyin
thanh co sd; - Xdy dyng vd khoi thdc tu sdch PL d
xd, bdn, Idng, phum, sdc; Ki sdch, ngdn sdeh PL d
CO quan, don vj, frudng hgc; - PBGDPL thdng qua
hogt (teng \u vd'n PL vd frgi giup phdp If; - PBGDPL
thdng quo hod gldl d co sd; - PBGDPL thdng qua
cdc logi hinh vdn hod, vdn nghd (ddc bidt Id cae
logi hinh sinh hogt vdn hod fruyin thdng) vd hinh
thuc sdn khd'u; - PBGDPL thdng quo cde phidn tod
xdt xu, nhd't Id cdc phidn tod l u u dgng.
Trudc sy phdt friln mgnh me cuo edng nghd

ThS. v u THI THU THUY'

thdng tin, vife ung dyng cSng nghi thdng tin frong
hjyen fruyin PBGDPL d d dugc ddy mgnh. N h l l u
huydn, xd dd t/ng dyng Internet frong PBGDPL
Tuy nhidn, cdng tdc PBGDPL d vung ddng bdo
DTTS - not edn n h l l u khd khdn v l ddl sd'ng kinh
te - xd hdl, vdi nhung phong h^c tdp qudn fruyin
thd'ng, ddt ro ydu cdu cdn cd phuong phdp, cdch
Idm phii hop vol ddc diem, ddc thu eua hjng vung,
h/ng dd'i tugng cy t h i .
Mgt sd khd khdn khi PBGDPL d cdc co sd gido
dye vung d d n ^ bdo DTTS Id: / / C d n g tdc PBGDPL
(fcf trong mdl lldn hd vdi mdl trudng xd hgi dd
vd dong phdi ddl mdt vdi frd nggl khdng nhd h/
tdm If duy fri cdc mdl quon hd xd hgi frdn co sd
Hnh edm, chl phdl bdi Hnh cdm md it khi dya fren
CO sd PL; 2) Vide thiet c h l Idng xa bi ehi phdl bdl
huong udc, ludth^c eung Id thdch tht/c khdng nhd
ddi vdi cdng tdc PBGDPL trong vl?e duo PL den
vol todn t h i nhdn ddn, nhd't Id d co sd; 3) PBGDPL
Id edng vide khdng mang Igi k l l qud fryc Hep,
md k i t qud cua nd dnh hudng Idu ddl vdo tu
tudng, nhgn tht/c cuo nhdn ddn, ddl hdi phdl c6
thdi gian vd chi cd t h i ddnh gid quo nhung d i l n
Hen, Hnh hudng tdm If, hdnh odng cy t h i ; 4)D6nQ
bdo cd trinh d d hgc vdn thdp, cd sy khde nhau vd
fruyin thdng, phong h^c ngdn ngu, nhilu ddng
bdo lgi khdng b i l t ndl tidng Kinh,... dieu ndy
cung gdy ro nnung khd khdn nhdt djnh cho viec
tuyen fruyin cung nhu h i p nhdn cdc quy djnh,
chinh sdch.
2. G i d i p h d p q u d n li n h d m tdng eirdng
PBGDPL t g i cdc c o sd g i d o d y e d vung m i l ,
vung d d n tdc
1) Ndng cao nhdn thdc cho cdn b d fjt^dn ll
gido d\/c, gido vidn, hgc vlin, hgc sinh vd
ngudi ddn cua cdng ding dia phuong vi tdm
quan trgng cua cdng tdc PBGDPL d vOng mlin
nui, vOng sdu, vung xa. Ciing vdi vlec tdng
cudnq ddi ngu gido vidn ehuydn frdeh vd ndng
cao chd't lugng, hidu qud GDPL d nhd tn/dng pho
thdng, phd thdng ddn tde ngi trii, phd thdng ddn
* Ut Giao dfc n Bao t9

Tap chi Glao due so 2 8 8 (wi a d/aoiai

tdc bdn trO, ede dja phuong cdn da dgng hdo

hinh tht/c, bi^n phdp gido dye, tuydn fruyen vd
p h d b i l n PL, trong d d eh6 frgng cdc hinh tht/c
gido dye fryc quan sinh d d n g , phu hgp vdi h>ng
\ua hjdi, tam sinh It vd nhgn thi>c cOo hge sinh.
Cdn phdl h9p chdt che glOa gio dinh, nhd frudng
vd xa hgi, nndt Id phdt huy vol frd, frdeh nhiem
ctja cde td chOc d o d n , d d i , hdl trong vide h/vdn
fruyin, gido dye, p h d b i l n vd ndng coo k i l n tnue
PL eho cdc em.
2} Ndng cao ndng Igc cho dii ngu cdn
b$ qudn If gido dge, gido vidn /dm cdng tdc
PBGDPL d cdc ca sd gido dt/c, cdc tuydn
truyin vidn PBGDPL d c$ng ding dja phuong.
Cdn ed bl$n phdp d d o tgo ndng coo ndng lyc
cho d d l ngu edn b d qudn If gido dye, gido vidn
ed v l k i l n thOc PL vd kT ndng hjydn t r u v l n , p h d
b i l n GDPL. Xdy d y n g lyc lugng cdn bd ldm cdng
tdc fruyin thdng PBGDPL d ede co sd gido dye,
d g i ngu bdo edo vidn trye t l l p PBGDPL d i n b d
con ddn t$c d c$ng ddng dja phuong Id ngudi
dja phucmg, Luu y Ichuyln khfeh dgng vidn nhung
n g u d i cd uy tfn trong cdng ddng (gid Idng,
trudng b d n , trudng ddng hg) tham gia vdo vl#e
PBGDPL. t)do tgo cdn bd DTTS d co sd v l ndng
lye lap k l hogch vd friln khai thyc hl$n ede
chuong trinh, k l hogch, hogt ddng p h d b i l n ,
GDPL cho d d n g bdo.

bdo ed t h i nhdn tht/c cdc vdn bdn quy phgm PL

mdt cdch de ddng vd ed chieu sdu. Cde hinh tht/c
cy t h i : tuydn fruyin midng, xdy dyng vd phdn
phdt cde logi tdi li^u Kiydn fruyin nhu sdeh hdl
ddp, td gdp,... Thdng qua ede hogt ddng vdn
hdo, vdn nghd, I I hgi cgng ddng Idnh mgnh tgi
dja phuong nhu I I hdl ddm trdu, cung ngdy
mua,... Ldng ghep tuydn truyin GDPL, giup cho
PL dl vdo eugc sd'ng mdt cdch don gidn md ngdy
cdng hidu qud hon.

5} Tdng cudng cdc logi bdo, tgp chf cho

vOng DTTS vd cho cdc ca sd gido dge vOng
ndl, vdng sdu, vdng xa. Ngdy 3 1 / 1 2 / 2 0 0 1
Thu tudng Chinh phO ban hdnh Q u y l t dinh sd'
1637/QD-TTg (glal dogn 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 5 ) ; ngdy
20/7/2006
ihu tudng Chinh phii ki ban hdnh
Q u y l t dinh sd 9 7 5 / Q D - T T g st/o d d i , b d sung
Q u y l t dinh l d 3 7 cho glal dogn 2 0 0 6 - 2 0 1 0
v l vide ed'p mdt so logi o d o , tgp ehi eho vunq
DTTS vd m l l n nui. Ddy Id mdt trong nhung chinh
sdch v l cdng tdc tuydn t r u y i n c d l t l ^ u q u d , sdt
thyc vdi Idng d d n , phii hgp vd d d p t/ng ydu
cdu nguydn vgng ciio bd eon DTTS vd HS. Cdc
d n phdm ctia Q u y l t djnh 975 cd tdc d y n g t h i l t
thyc den cdng cu^c x o d ddl gidm nghdo, vdn
hod ' x d h d i , on ninh quoc phdng viing ddng
bdo DTTS, Ididng Idng phf v l thdng tin vd tdi
chinh, hidu q u d cao. 18 b d o , t g p cht phdt
3) Ndng cao chd't lugng PBGDPL d cdc ca k h d n g , tuyen t r u y i n cho n h l l u h'nh vyc v d
sd gido dt/c vdng nui, vOng sdu, vOng xa, chuydn di khde nhau d d c h u y i n tdi thdng Hn
vdng KT'XH ddc bidt khd khdn. Cdn bidn sogn mgt cdch h l | u q u d dd'n ede x d , thdn, b d n ,
tdi lidu PBGDPL phii hgp vdi ddl tugng, theo trudng hge, d d n bidn phdng... thudc dja bdn
hudng don g i d n , d l hieu", thdm chi phdl djeh cdc x d ddc bidt khd khdn, cdc x d thdn bdn cOo
sang t l i n g ddn tdc d mdt sd' viing ddng bdo ft 6 2 huyen nghdo, cdc chua Khmer d 3 vung Tdy
b i l t t i i n g p h d thdng. Khi PBGDPL d vung DTTS, Bdc, Tdy Nguydn vd Tdy N a m b d . Q
cdn lien n$ ddl chieu, so sdnh giua ludt phdp
nhd nudc vdi lugt h^e nhdm myc dfch phdt huy Tiki li$u tham khslo
phong h^c tdp qudn fruyen thdng tdt a?p, logi 1. BO GD-DT, Quyit dinh 1467/QD-BGDDTban hdnh
t d hu h^c Igc h d u , me tin dj doan...dl ddl vdi danh m{ic thiit bi, tdi Ufa, hpc liiu hS trp cdng tdc
vlec Idm theo lugt, Idm dung lugt. Xdy d y n g , phd biin, gido di^c phdp ludt trong trudng mdm non,
hodn thidn vd thyc hidn ddy dO chuong frinh phd thdng.
GDPL ehinh khod phu hop vdi h>ng ed'p hoc vd 2. PhOng GD-DT Daa Duong. Cdng vdn sd45/PGDDT
frinh d o d d o too. Ddl mdl phuong phdp d g y vd ngdy 6/4/2012 vi Ki hopch phd biin gido d^c phdp
hgc PL theo hudng ndng cao tfnh chu d d n g , tfch ludt cho Ihanh thiiu niin giai dopn 2012-2015 trin
cyc Clio hgc sinh v d finh thue Hen frong bdf gidng dfa bdn huy$n Dan Duong.
cuo gido vien. D a d g n g hod cdc hinh thuc td
SUMMARY
cht/c gidng d a y PL frong nhd trt/dng.
The author mentioned status of channels for
communicating laws at mountainous and ethnic
4) Da dgng hod hinh ih&c PBGDPL a cdng educational institutions; also analyzed major current
ding dia phuong DTTS. Linh hogt vd da dgng advantages and disadvantages based on which the
hda cdc hinh tht/c, bidn phdp hjydn fruyin, ndng author proposed 5 practically relevant solutions in
eao nhdn thuc v l che d d chfnh sdch cho cdn b d , order to promote law education at educational
ddng bwao DTTS. Hinh tht/c bidn phdp phu hop Institutions in mountainous, ethnic, rural and poor
vdi phong h^c tdp qudn cuo King ddn tgc de ddng social and economic areas.

Tap chi Blao due so 2 8 8 (ki a /aoia)