(123doc - VN) - Cong-Nghe-Mang-Man-E-Va-Ung-Dung PDF

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MC LC
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MC LC .............................................................................................................0
DANH MC CC K HIU, CH CI VIT TT.........................................3
DANH MC HNH V ........................................................................................7
DANH MC BNG ..............................................................................................9
M U..............................................................................................................10
NI DUNG ..........................................................................................................12
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V NGN.................................................................12
1.1 KHI NIM V C IM MNG NGN.............................................................12
1.1.1 Khi nim .......................................................................................................12
1.1.2 c im ca mng NGN ...............................................................................13
1.2 CU TRC LOGIC MNG TH H MI ............................................................14
1.2.1 Lp truyn dn v truy nhp ...........................................................................16
1.2.2 Lp truyn thng ............................................................................................17
1.2.3 Lp iu khin................................................................................................18
1.2.4 Lp ng dng/dch v .....................................................................................19
1.2.5 Mt phng qun l ..........................................................................................19
1.3 CU TRC VT L ..............................................................................................20
1.4 CC CNG NGH C P DNG CHO MNG TH H MI......................21
1.4.1 IP .......................................................................................................................21
1.4.2 ATM ...................................................................................................................22
1
1.4.3 MPLS .................................................................................................................23
Kt lun chng 1.......................................................................................................25
CHNG 2: CNG NGH MNG MAN-E V CC DCH V TRN

MNG MAN-E ...................................................................................................26
2.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MNG MAN-E ..................................................26
2.1.1 Tng quan mng quang Ethernet.....................................................................26
2.1.2 Cc tnh nng ca MAN-E ..............................................................................27
2.1.3 Cu trc mng MAN-E ...................................................................................28
2.1.4 M hnh phn lp mng MAN-E ....................................................................29
2.1.5 Cc im tham chiu trong mng MAN-E ......................................................31
2.1.6 Cc thnh phn vt l trong mng MAN-E .....................................................33
2.1.7 Li ch dng dch v Ethernet .........................................................................34
2.2 CC DCH V CUNG CP QUA MNG MAN-E ................................................36
2.2.1 M hnh dch v Ethernet................................................................................36
2.2.2 Knh kt ni o Ethernet (EVC: Ethernet Virtual Connection)........................37
2.2.3 Cc loi dch v trong MAN-E .......................................................................38
2.2.4 Cc thuc tnh dch v Ethernet ......................................................................44
2.3 CC YU CU V HIU NNG CHO MNG MAN-E ........................................52
2.3.1 kh dng ...................................................................................................52
2.3.2 tr khung ...................................................................................................53
2.3.3 tri khung..................................................................................................54
2.3.4 T l tn tht khung ........................................................................................55
Kt lun chng 2.......................................................................................................56
CHNG 3: M HNH TRIN KHAI MNG MAN-E TI VNPT ............57

3.1 KIN TRC MNG ..............................................................................................57
3.2 MNG MAN-E DA TRN CNG NGH MPLS................................................58
Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7
Lun vn thc s
2
3.2.1 Thit k lu lng MPLS ...............................................................................59
3.2.2 Hi phc ng hm.......................................................................................62
3.2.3 H tr cht lng dch v trong mng MPLS..................................................64
3.3 PHNG N KT NI, QUN L ......................................................................66
3.3.1 Phng n kt ni ...........................................................................................66
3.3.2 Phng n qun l mng.................................................................................67
3.4 H THNG QUN L IU KHIN MNG MAN-E ..........................................68
3.4.1 Qun l topo mng..........................................................................................68
3.4.2 Qun l ti nguyn..........................................................................................69
3.4.3 Qun l li ......................................................................................................69
3.4.4 Qun l hiu nng...........................................................................................70
3.4.5 Qun l bo mt..............................................................................................70
3.4.6 Qun l cu hnh.............................................................................................70
3.4.7 Cu hnh dch v qua giao din ho (provisiong)........................................70
3.4.8 Cu hnh trn thit b mng (cc router NE40E)..............................................71
3.5 XY DNG MNG MAN-E VNPT THI NGUYN .............................................71
3.5.1 nh hng xy dng mng MAN-E ..............................................................71
3.5.2 nh c mng MAN-E...................................................................................72
Kt lun chng 3.......................................................................................................79
KT LUN V NGH .................................................................................80

TI LIU THAM KHO...................................................................................81
PH LC ............................................................................................................82
Lun vn thc s
DANH MC CC K HIU, CH CI VIT TT

API
Application Programming Interface
AS
Autonomous System
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM
BGP
Border Gateway Protocol
BRAS
BSS
CBS
CDMA
CE
CE-VLAN
Broadband Remote Access Server

Base Station Subsystem
Commintted Burst Size
Code Division Multiple Access
Customer Edge
Customer Edge Virtual LAN
CIDR
CIR
CoS
CPE
CR-LDP
C-VLAN
DUT
Classless Interdomain Routing

Commintted Information Rate
Class of Service
Customer Premises Equipment
Constranint - based Routing Label
Distribution Protocol
Carrier VLAN
Device Under Test
DWDM
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex
E-LAN
Ethernet LAN
E-LINE
Ethernet Line
EPL
Ethernet Private Line
EP-LAN
E-Tree
EVC
Ethernet Private LAN

Ethernet Tree
Ethernet Virtual Connection
EVPL
Ethernet Virtual Private Line
EVP-LAN Ethernet Virtual Private LAN

FEC
Forwarding Equivalence Class
giao din lp trnh ng dng

mt tp hp cc mng c cng
chnh sch nh tuyn
Ch chuyn mch khng
ng b
Giao thc nh tuyn ton cu
My ch truy nhp bng rng
t xa
H thng trm gc
Kch thc bng n cam kt
a truy nhp phn chia theo m
Pha khch hng
VLAN ph khch hng
nh tuyn gia cc Min
khng phn bit lp
Tc truyn thng cam kt
Lp dch v
Thit b pha khch hng
Giao thc phn phi nh nh
tuyn cng bc
VLAN truyn ti
Thit b c o kim
Ghp knh theo bc sng
ghp mt cao
Dch v mng LAN qua
Ethernet
Dch v ng thu bao qua
Ethernet
ng thu knh ring
Ethernet
Mn LAN ring qua mng
Ethetnet
Dch v dng cy qua Ethernet
ng kt ni o
ng thu knh ring o qua
mng Ethernet
Mng LAN ring o qua mng
ethernet
Tp hp cc gi vo m c
Lun vn thc s
FRR
FS
Fast ReRouter
Feature Server
FTTx
GE
Fiber To The x
Gigabit Ethenet
Global System for Mobile
Communications
GSM
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol

Internet Engineering Task Force
IETF
IGP
IN
IP
IPTV
ISDN
ISP
ITU
LAN
LSP
Interior Gateway Protocol

Intelligent network
Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol Television
Integrated Services Digital Network
Internet Service Provider
International Telecommunications Union
Local Area Network
Label-Switched Path
LSR
Label Switch Router

Label-Switched Router
LSR
MAC
Medium Access Control
MAN-E
Metro Area Network - Ethernet
MBA
MEF
MG
Maximum Burst Size

Metro Ethernet Forum
Media Gateway
MGC
MP2MP
Media Gateway Controller

Multi Point to Multi Point
MPLS
MS
MSAN
MultiProtocol Label Switching

Media server
Multi Service Access Node
cng mt nhn ra
nh tuyn li nhanh
My ch c tnh
H cng ngh s dng cp
quang ti mt im
Gigabit Ethenet
H thng thng tin di ng ton
cu
Giao thc iu khin truyn tin
trn mng
T chc c nhim k thut
Internet
Giao thc nh tuyt Gateway
bn trong
mng thng minh
Giao thc internet
Truyn hnh Internet
Cng ngh bng hp
Nh cung cp dch v Internet
Hip hi vin thng quc t
Mng ni b
ng chuyn mch nhn
B nh tuyn chuyn mch
nhn
B nh tuyn chuyn mch
nhn
iu khin truy nhp mi
trng
Mng th s dng cng ngh
Ethernet
Kch thc bng n ti a
Din n Metro Ethernet
cng phng tin
B iu khin cng phng
tin
a im n a im
Chuyn mch nhn a giao
thc
Cng phng tin
Thit b truy cp a dch v
Lun vn thc s
TDM
TE
ToS
UNI
VLAN
VLAN ID
Network Element
Thnh phn mng
Network - Network Interface
Giao din Mng - Mng
Kt cui mng
Network Termination
Mnagj th h sau
Next generation networking
Open Systems Interconnection Reference M hnh tham chiu kt ni h
Model
thng m
L giao thc nh tuyn theo
Open Shortest Path First
trng thi ng lien kt
qun l vn hnh h thng
Operations Support System
mng
Point to Point
im n im
My tnh c nhn
Personal Computer
Peak Information Rate
Tc truyn thng ti a
Passive Optical Networks
mng quang th ng
mng chuyn mch in thoi
Public Switched Telephone Network
cng cng
Permanent Virtual Circuit
chuyn tip khung
Quality of Service
Cht lng dch v
Resource Reservation Protocol
Giao thc ng k trc ti
nguyn
o lu lng thi gian thc
real time flow measurement
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
H thng phn cp s ng b
Service Excution Node
gm cc nt thc thi dch v
Signaling Gateway
Cng bo hi
Service Level Agreement
Tho thun cp dch v
Synchronous Optical Network
Mng quang ng b
Service Provider VLAN
VLAN pha nh cung cp dch
v
Time division multiplexing
Ghp knh theo thi gian
Transport Edge
Kt cui truyn dn
Type of Service
Loi dch v
User - Network Interface
Giao din ngi dng - Mng
Virtual LAN
Mng LAN o
Virtual LAN Indentify
S hin VLAN
VoIP
VPN
WAN
WDM
Voice over Internet Protocol

Virtual Private Network
Wide Area Network
Wavelength Division Multiplex
NE
NNI
NT
NGN
OSI
OSPF
OSS
P2P
PC
PIR
PON
PSTN
PVC
QoS
RSVP
RTFM
SDH
SEN
SG
SLA
SONET
S-VLAN
Thoi qua giao thc IP

Mng ring o
Mng din rng
Ghp knh theo bc sng
Lun vn thc s
xDSL
x Digital Subcriber Line
quang
Cc dch v knh thu bao s
Lun vn thc s
DANH MC HNH V
Trang
Hnh 1.1: S hi t gia thoi v s liu, c nh v di ng trong NGN ........................12
Hnh 1.2: Cu trc lun l mng th h mi ....................................................................15
Hnh 1.3: M hnh 5 lp chc nng ca NGN .................................................................16
Hnh 1.4: Cu trc mng MAN-E ...................................................................................17
Hnh 1.5: Cc thnh phn ca Softswitch........................................................................18
Hnh 1.6: Cu trc vt l mng NGN ..............................................................................20
Hnh 2.1: Cu trc mng MAN-E in hnh...................................................................29
Hnh 2.2: M hnh mng MAN-E theo cc lp...............................................................30
Hnh 2.3: M hnh cc im tham chiu..........................................................................32
Hnh 2.4: Giao din UNI v m hnh tham chiu MAN-E...............................................33
Hnh 2.5: M hnh cung cp cc dch v Ethernet qua mng MAN-E ............................36
Hnh 2.6: EVC im im............................................................................................37
Hnh 2.7: EVC im a im ......................................................................................38
Hnh 2.8: EVC dng cy .................................................................................................38
Hnh 2.9: Khun kh nh ngha dch v Ethernet ..........................................................39
Hnh 2.10: Dch v E-Line..............................................................................................40
Hnh 2.11: Dch v E-LAN.............................................................................................41
Hnh 2.12 . Qu trnh thc hin khi thm mt UNI vo mng MAN-E...........................42
Hnh 2.13: Dch v E-Tree..............................................................................................42
Hnh 2.14: Dch v E-Tree nhiu gc..............................................................................43
Hnh 2.15: Ghp knh dch v ........................................................................................44
Hnh 2.16: VLAN tag Preservation/Stacking ..................................................................50
Hnh 2.17: VLAN tag Translation/Swapping ..................................................................51
Hnh 2.18: S phn chia tr trong mng .....................................................................54
Hnh 3.1: Cu trc phn lp mng MAN-E.....................................................................58
Hnh 3.2: Chn header trong MPLS ................................................................................59
Hnh 3.3: Gi tin gn nhn MPLS...................................................................................59
Lun vn thc s
8
Hnh 3.4: Lung gi tin/nhn khi thc hin FRR cho bao v tuyn kt ni .....................63
Hnh 3.5: Lung gi tin/nhn khi thc hin FRR cho bao v nt.....................................64
Hnh 3.6: M hnh kt ni mng MAN-E vi mng ng trc ......................................67
Hnh 3.7: Topo mng MAN-E ........................................................................................69
Hnh 3.8 S mng MAN-E Thi Nguyn giai on 2010 2011................................79
Lun vn thc s
DANH MC BNG
Trang
Bng 3.1: Danh sch cc Node MANE ...........................................................................78
Lun vn thc s
10
M U
Trong nhng nm gn y, vi s pht trin nhanh chng, vt bc ca cc cng
ngh truy nhp bng rng mi (xDSL, FTTx) v cc dch v mi (VoIP, IPTV,
VoD), c bit l xu hng tin ln NGN ca c nh khai thc Vin thng:
Yu cu v bng thng kt ni ti cc thit b truy nhp (IPDSLAM, MSAN) ngy
cng cao, yu cu v c s h tng truyn ti phi p ng cc cng ngh mi ca IP
sn sng cho cc dch v mi ngy cng tng: multicast, end-to-end QoS, bandwitdh-ondemand, yu cu p ng bng thng cung cp trc tip theo nhu cu ca khch hng
khch hng (FE, GE), v cc yu cu khc
Tt c cc yu cu trn dn n s pht trin bng n ca mng MAN trong cc
thnh ph, c bit l mng Ethernet-based MAN truyn ti lu lng IP.
H thng cp quang cho php cung cp dch v vi tc ngy cng cao v gi
thnh ngy cng gim. Tc truyn dn t 100Mbps dn c thay th bng tc
Gbps. 10Gbps thm ch 40Gbps. Vic ny cho php cc nh cung cp dch v c th s
dng cng ngh Ethernet n gin truyn thng tin vi khong cch xa hn. Vi cng
ngh Ethernet truyn thng trn mng cp ng khong cch truyn dn ch tnh bng n
v hng chc mt hoc 100 mt th vi cng ngh cp quang, khong cch truyn dn tng
hng trm nghn ln ln n hng chc KM.
S dng cng ngh MAN-E cung cp dch v cht lng cao, dch v a dng
n khch hng ca cc nh cung cp dch v ang l xu hng chung trn ton th gii.
Cng ngh Ethernet c hu ht cc nh cng cp thit b trn th gii h tr
Ti Vit Nam cn ngh mng MAN-E c mt s nh cung cp dch v vin thng
trin khai v a vo khai thc thnh cng. Tiu biu l mng MAN-E ca Tp on Bu
chnh Vin thng Vit Nam VNPT, Tp on VNPT pht trin mng MAN-E d vo cc c
im nh sau:
Hiu qu chi ph: Chi ph u t v vn hnh thp.
n gin: c tiu chun ha v khng ngng c pht trin. c ng dng rng ri
trong tt c cc t chc, doanh nghip v thit b gia nh.
Lun vn thc s
11
linh ng cao: Qun l bng thng v m rng bng thng kt ni rt d dng. H tr rt
nhiu m hnh kt ni (topology) khc nhau. Ti u cho vic truyn ti thng tin dng gi,
c bit l cc gi tin IP.
Mng MAN-E l phn khc mng nm gia lp Core v lp Access, c t chc nng thu
gom lu lng v m bo yu cu v cht lng dch v cho khch hng. Mng MAN-E chnh
l yu t ct li cc nh cung cp dch v trin khai cung cp cc dch v bng rng cht
lng cao i vi khch hng.
Ti Vit Nam cng ngh mng MAN-E ang trong qu trnh trin khai do c rt nhiu
vn cn nghin cu v pht trin tuy nhin trong lun vn ny xin c i vo Tm hiu cng
ngh mng MAN-E v ng dng ca mng MAN-E ti VNPT Thi Nguyn.
ti bao gm 3 chng:
Chng 1: Nu ln cc khi nim v mng NGN, cu trc logic v cu trc vt l ca
mng NGN t xc nh mng MAN-E thuc lp no trong mng NGN.
Chng 2: Nu ln cc khai nim chung v mng MAN-E nh: nh ngha, m hnh phn
lp, cc thnh phn c bn, cc dch v c bn v cc u nhc im ca cc dch v . ng
thi nu cc nh ngha v tham s hiu nng trong mng MAN-E.
Chng 3: M hnh trin khai mng MAN-E ti VNPT, gii thiu v cng ngh v m
hnh trin khai h thng mng ca VNPT ti Vit Nam trn c s xy dng mng MAN-E giai
on 2 ti VNPT Thi Nguyn.
Trong qu trnh lm lun vn ti nhn c nhiu kin ng gm, gip qu bu
ca cc thy c gio cng cc bn b ng nghip
Xin gi li cm n su sc nht ti thy gio PGS.TS Nguyn Vn Tam, ngi tn
tnh hng dn, gip ti hon thnh lun vn ny. Xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c gio
khoa CNTT i hc Thi Nguyn, cc thy c gio ti Vin Cng ngh Thng tin Vin Khoa
hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam, nhng ngi trang b cho ti nhng kin thc qu bu trong qu
trnh hc tp.
Cm n s gip , to iu kin ca cc ng nghip ni ti ang cng tc: VNPT Thi
Nguyn gip v to iu kin ti hon thnh lun vn ca mnh
Lun vn thc s
12
NI DUNG
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V NGN
1.1 KHI NIM V C IM MNG NGN
1.1.1 Khi nim
Mng th h sau (NGN) l mng chuyn mch gi c kh nng cung cp cc dch
v vin thng v to ra ng dng bng thng rng, cc cng ngh truyn ti m bo cht
lng dch v, trong cc chc nng dch v c lp vi cc cng ngh truyn ti lin
quan
NGN l mng:
C h tng thng tin duy nht da trn cng ngh chuyn mch gi.
Trin khai cc dch v mt cch a dng v nhanh chng.
p ng s hi t gia thoi v s liu, gia c nh v di ng.
Cc h thng h tr c kh nng mm do, cho php khch hng s dng nhiu
loi hnh dch v m ch cn mt nh cung cp.
Hnh 1.1: S hi t gia thoi v s liu, c nh v di ng trong NGN

Lun vn thc s
13
1.1.2 c im ca mng NGN
NGN c bn c im chnh
Nn tng l h thng m;
Dch v thc hin c lp vi mng li;
NGN l mng da trn nn chuyn mch gi, s dng cc giao thc thng nht;
L mng c dung lng ngy cng tng, c tnh thch ng cao, c dung lng
p ng nhu cu.
Trc ht, do p dng c cu m m:
Cc khi chc nng ca tng i truyn thng chia thnh cc phn t mng c
lp, cc phn t c phn theo chc nng tng ng v pht trin mt cch c lp.
Giao din v giao thc gia cc b phn phi da trn cc tiu chun tng ng.
Vic phn tch chc nng lm cho mng vin thng truyn thng dn dn i theo
hng mi, nh kinh doanh c th cn c vo nhu cu dch v t t hp cc phn t
khi t chc mng li. Vic tiu chun ha giao thc gia cc phn t c th thc hin
lin kt gia cc mng c cu hnh khc nhau.
Tip n, vic tch dch v c lp vi mng nhm thc hin mt cch linh hot v
c hiu qu vic cung cp dch v. Thu bao c th t b tr v xc nh c trng dch v
ca mnh, khng quan tm n mng truyn ti dch v v loi hnh u cui. iu lm
cho vic cung cp dch v v ng dng c tnh linh hot cao hn.
Th ba, NGN da trn c s mng chuyn mch gi v cc giao thc thng nht.
Mng thng tin hin nay, d l mng vin thng, mng my tnh hay mng truyn hnh
cp, u khng th ly mt trong cc mng lm nn tng xy dng c s h tng
thng tin. Nhng my nm gn y, cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh IP, ngi ta
mi nhn thy r rng l mng vin thng, mng my tnh v mng truyn hnh cp cui
cng ri cng tch hp trong mt mng IP thng nht, l xu th ln m ngi ta
thng gi l dung hp ba mng. Giao thc IP lm cho cc dch v ly IP lm c s
u c th thc hin lin kt cc mng khc nhau; con ngi ln u tin c c giao
Lun vn thc s
14
thc thng nht m ba mng ln u c th chp nhn c; t c s vng chc v mt
k thut cho h tng c s thng tin quc gia.
Giao thc IP thc t tr thnh giao thc ng dng vn nng v bt u c s
dng lm c s cho cc mng a dch v, mc d hin ti vn cn nhiu khuyt im v
kh nng h tr lu lng thoi v cung cp cht lng dch v m bo cho s liu. Tuy
nhin, chnh tc i mi nhanh chng trong th gii Internet, m n c to iu kin
bi s pht trin ca cc tiu chun m s sm khc phc nhng thiu st ny. NGN l
nn tng cho c s h tng thng tin quc gia .
Th t: NGN mng c dung lng v tnh thch ng cao, nng lc p ng
nhu cu:
C kh nng cung cp nhiu loi hnh dch v a phng tin bng thng cao.
C kh nng thch ng vi cc mng tn ti tn dng c s h tng mng,
dch v v khch hng sn c.
1.2 CU TRC LOGIC MNG TH H MI
Hin nay vn cha c mt khuyn ngh c th no ca ITU v cu trc ca NGN.
C nhiu nh vin thng ln trn th gii a ra m hnh NGN nh Alcatel, Ericsion,
Nortel, Lucent
T nhng m hnh ca cc hng, m hnh cu trc ca NGN c chia ra lm bn
lp chc nng:
Lp truy nhp v truyn dn
Lp truyn thng
Lp iu khin
Lp qun l
Kin trc mng NGN s dng chuyn mch gi cho c thoi v d liu. N phn
chia cc khi vng chc ca tng i hin nay thnh cc lp mng ring l, cc lp ny
lin kt vi nhau qua cc giao din m tiu chun
Lun vn thc s
15
H thng chuyn mch NGN c phn thnh bn lp ring bit thay v tch hp
thnh mt h thng nh cng ngh chuyn mch knh hin nay: lp ng dng, lp iu
khin, lp truyn thng, lp truy nhp v truyn dn. Cc giao din m c s tch bit
gia dch v v truyn dn cho php cc dch v mi c a vo nhanh chng, d
dng; nhng nh khai thc c th chn la cc nh cung cp thit b tt nht cho tng lp
trong m hnh mng NGN.
Hnh 1.2: Cu trc lun l mng th h mi

Nu xem xt t gc kinh doanh v cung cp dch v th m hnh cu trc ca
NGN c thm lp ng dng dch v bao gm 5 lp chc nng: lp truyn dn v truy nhp
(service access layer), lp truyn thng (service transport/core layer), lp iu khin (control
layer), lp ng dng/dch v (application/service layer) v lp qun l ( MAN-Eage MAN-Et
layer ).
Lun vn thc s
16
Lp ng dng
Lp iu khin
Giao din m API
Lp truyn thng
Giao din m API
Mt phng qun l
Giao din m API
Lp truyn dn v
Hnh 1.3: M hnh 5 lp chc nng ca NGN

1.2.1 Lp truyn dn v truy nhp
Phn truy nhp:
-
Lp truy nhp cung cp cc kt ni gia thu bao u cui v mng ng trc

qua cng giao tip thch hp.
Cung cp cc truy nhp chun v khng chun ca thit b u cui nh: truy
nhp a dch v, in thoi IP, my tnh PC, tng i PBX,
Vi truy nhp v tuyn: cc h thng thng tin di ng GSM hoc CDMA, truy
nhp v tuyn c nh, v tinh.
Trong tng li cc h thng truy nhp khng dy s pht trin rt nhanh nh

truy nhp hng ngoi, bluetooth hay WLAN (802.11).
Vi truy nhp hu tuyn: hin nay cp ng v xDSL ang c s dng.
Trong tng lai truyn dn quang DWDM, PON s dn chim u th, th

trng ca xDSL v modem s dn thu nh li.
Phn truyn dn:

-
Ti lp vt l cc cng ngh truyn dn quang nh SDH, WDM hay DWDM s

c s dng.
Cng ngh ATM hay IP c th c s dng trn mng li m bo QoS.
Cc router c s dng bin mng li khi lu lng ln. Khi lu lng nh
switchrouter c th m nhn lun chc nng nhng b nh tuyn ny.

Lun vn thc s
17
-
Lp truyn ti c kh nng h tr cc mc QoS cho cng mt dch v v cho

cc dch v khc nhau.
Lp ng dng a ra cc yu cu v nng lc truyn ti v lp truyn ti s

thc hin yu cu .
1.2.2 Lp truyn thng

Thit b chnh trong lp truyn thng l cc cng (Gateway) lm nhim v kt ni
gia cc phn ca mng v gia cc mng khc nhau.
Chu trch nhim chuyn i cc loi mi trng (PSTN/ISDN, LAN, v tuyn,
) sang mi trng gi trn mng li v ngc li.
-
Bao gm 2 thnh phn: Mng trc (IP MPLS) v cc mng thu gom lu lng
(MAN-E) ti cc Tnh/TP.
Truyn ti lu lng IP, c kh nng cung cp L2/L3 VPN kt ni cc phn t

mng NGN.
Thu gom lu lng cc NODE trc khi k ni ln Mng Core IP/MPLS
S dng cp quang v cc kt ni GE tng bng thng.
Cung cp kt ni bng thng ln ti cc IPDSLAM/MSAN.
Cung cp kt ni GE ti cc khch hng ln.
H tr cng ngh mi sn sng cung cp cc dch v Tripleplay NGN.
Hnh 1.4: Cu trc mng MAN-E

Lun vn thc s
18
1.2.3 Lp iu khin
Chc nng:
- iu khin kt ni cung cp cc dch v truyn thng t u cui n u
cui vi bt k loi giao thc bo hiu no.
- Lp iu khin c th c t chc theo kiu module, theo cc b iu khin
c lp s thc hin cc chc nng iu khin khc nhau.
- Qun l v chm sc khch hng.
Cc thnh phn:
- Thnh phn chnh l Softswitch, cn gi l MGC hay Call Agent,
- Cc thnh phn nh cng bo hiu SG (Signaling Gateway), Server phng tin
MS (Media server), FS, AS kt ni cuc gi hay qun l a ch IP.
Hnh 1.5: Cc thnh phn ca Softswitch

Cc c im:
- Nh giao din m nn c s tch bit gia dch v v truyn dn, cho php dch
v mi c a vo nhanh chng v d dng.
- Hin nay lp iu khin vn rt phc tp, kh nng tng thch gia thit b ca
cc hng l vn cn quan tm.
Lun vn thc s
19
- Cc giao thc, giao din bo hiu v iu khin kt ni rt a dng, cn cha
c chun ho v ang tip tc pht trin.
1.2.4 Lp ng dng/dch v
Thnh phn: Bao gm cc nt thc thi dch v SEN (Service Excution Node).
Thc cht y l cc server dch v cung cp cc ng dng cho khch hng thng
qua lp truyn ti.
Chc nng: Cung cp cc ng dng v dch v nh dch v mng thng minh IN
(Intelligent network), dch v Internetcho khch hng. Lp ny thc hin cung
cp cc dch v c bng thng khc nhau v cc mc cht lng khc nhau. Mt s
loi dch v s do pha thu bao t thc hin iu khin logic dch v v truy nhp
trc tip vo lp ng dng v dch v, mt s khc s c iu khin t lp iu
khin nh dch v thoi truyn thng. Lp ng dng v dch v lin kt vi lp
iu khin thng qua cc giao din m API. Nh cc nh cung cp dch v c
th pht trin cc ng dng v trin khai nhanh chng trn cc dch v mng.
1.2.5 Mt phng qun l
y l lp c bit xuyn sut cc lp trn.
Mt phng qun l tc ng trc tip ln tt c cc lp cn li, lm nhim v gim
st cc hot ng ca mng Mt phng qun l phi m bo hot ng c trong mi
trng m, vi nhiu giao thc, dch v v cc nh khai thc khc nhau.
Cc chc nng qun l c ch trng l: qun l mng, qun l dch v, qun l
kinh doanh.
Lun vn thc s
20
1.3 CU TRC VT L
Hnh 1.6: Cu trc vt l mng NGN

NGN c rt nhiu cc thnh phn mng cn quan tm, nhng y ta ch cp
n cc thnh phn th hin r s tin b ca NGN so vi cc mng trc y.
MG (Media Gateway) l mt thit b vo ra c hiu cung cp phng tin truyn
ti thng tin thoi, d liu, fax v video gia mng gi IP v mng PSTN.
MGC (Media Gateway Controller) l n v chc nng chnh ca Softswitch. N
a ra cc quy lut x l cuc gi cn MG v SG s thc hin cc quy lut . N
iu khin SG thit lp v kt thc cuc gi, ngoi ra n cn giao tip vi h thng
OSS v BSS. MGC chnh l chic cu ni gia cc mng c c tnh khc nhau
nh PSTN, mng IPN chu trch nhim qun l lu lng thoi v d liu qua
cc mng khc nhau.
SG (Signaling Gateway) l mt thit b vo ra, n to ra mt chic cu ni gia
mng bo hiu s 7 vi mng IP di s iu khin ca MGC. Nhim v ca SG
l x l thng tin bo hiu.
Media server c dng x l cc thng tin c bit. N thc hin cc chc
nng mi:
Lun vn thc s
21
Chc nng voicemail c bn.
Hp th fax tch hp hay cc thng bo c th s dng e-mail hoc cc bn tin
ghi m trc (pre-recorded message).
Kh nng nhn din ting ni (nu c).
Kh nng hi ngh truyn hnh (video conference).
Kh nng chuyn thoi sang vn bn (speech-to-text)
Application Server/Feature Server
Server c tnh l mt server mc ng dng cha mt lot cc dch v ca doanh
nghip. Chnh v vy n cn c gi l Server ng dng thng mi. V hu ht cc
Server ny t qun l cc dch v v truyn thng qua mng IP nn chng khng rng
buc nhiu vi Softswith v vic phn chia hay nhm cc thnh phn ng dng.
1.4 CC CNG NGH C P DNG CHO MNG TH H MI
1.4.1 IP
IP l giao thc chuyn tip gi tin, n ng gi v chuyn gi ti ch mt cch hiu
qu s dng a ch trong phn header ca gi. IP cung cp dch v chuyn d liu hng
khng kt ni, n ch n lc ti a chuyn gi tin ti ch ch khng m bo cht
lng dch v. IP nh ngha c cu nh s, c cu chuyn tin, c cu nh tuyn v cc
chc nng iu khin mc thp (ICMP). Gi IP cha a ch ca bn nhn, a ch l s
duy nht trong ton mng v MAN-E y thng tin cn cho vic chuyn gi tin ti
ch.
C cu nh tuyn c nhim v tnh ton ng i ti cc nt trong mng. Do vy c cu
nh tuyn phi c cp nht cc thng tin v topo mng, thng tin v nguyn tc
chuyn tin v n c kh nng hot ng trong mi trng mng gm nhiu nt. Kt qu
tnh ton ca c cu nh tuyn c lu trong cc bn chuyn tin (forwarding table) cha
thng tin v chng tip theo c th gi gi tin ti ch.
Da trn cc bng chuyn tin, c cu chuyn tin chuyn mch cc gi IP hng
ti ch. Phng thc chuyn tin truyn thng l theo tng chng mt. cch ny, mi
Lun vn thc s
22
nt mng tnh ton bng chuyn tin mt cch c lp. V vy, phng thc ny yu cu
kt qu tnh ton ca phn nh tuyn ti tt c cc nt phi nht qun vi nhau. S
khng thng nht ca kt qu s dn ti chuyn gi tin sai hng dn n mt gi tin.
Kiu chuyn tin theo tng chng hn ch kh nng ca mng. V d, nu cc gi tin
chuyn ti cng mt a ch m i qua cng mt nt th chng s c truyn qua cng
mt tuyn ti im ch. iu ny khin mng khng th thc hin mt s chc nng
khc nh nh tuyn theo ch, theo dch v.
Tuy nhin, phng thc nh tuyn v chuyn tin ny nng cao tin cy cng nh
kh nng m rng ca mng. Giao thc nh tuyn ng cho php mng phn ng li vi
s c bng vic thay i tuyn khi router bit c s thay i topo mng thng qua vic
cp nht thng tin v trng thi kt ni. Vi cc phng thc nh CIDR (Classless
Interdomain Routing), kch thc ca bng chuyn tin c duy tr mc chp nhn
c, v do vic tnh ton nh tuyn u do cc nt thc hin, mng c th m rng m
khng cn bt k s thay i no.
Tm li, IP l mt giao thc chuyn mch gi c tin cy v kh nng m rng
cao. Tuy nhin vic iu khin lu lng rt kh thc hin do phng thc nh tuyn
theo tng chng. Ngoi ra IP cng khng h tr cht lng dch v.
1.4.2 ATM
ATM l mt phng thc chuyn mch gi nhanh, n cho php cc h thng dng
k thut ny hot ng tc cao hn nhiu so vi cc h thng chyn mch gi thng
thng nh s hn ch cc chc nng trong mng ca n.
ATM c kh nng vn chuyn bt k mt loi dch v no, bt chp nhng c im
ca chng nh l tc bit, nhng yu cu v cht lng hoc c tnh t bin t nhin
ca n. ATM nhn thng tin nhiu dng khc nhau nh thoi, s liu, video v tch
chng thnh cc khi nh c kch thc c nh gi l cell. Cc cell ny s c truyn
trn cc knh o.
ATM khc vi IP mt s im:
Lun vn thc s
23
ATM l cng ngh chuyn mch hng kt ni. Kt ni phi c thit lp
bng nhn cng hoc thit lp mt cch t ng thng qua bo hiu trc khi
thng tin c gi i
ATM khng thc hin nh tuyn ti cc nt trung gian. Tuyn kt ni xuyn
sut c xc nh trc khi trao i d liu v c gi xuyn sut trong thi
gian kt ni. Trong qu trnh thit lp kt ni, cc tng i ATM trung gian
cung cp cho kt ni mt nhn. Vic ny thc hin hai iu: dnh cho kt ni
mt s ti nguyn v xy dng bng chuyn t bo trong mi tng i. Bng
chuyn t bo ny c tnh cc b v ch cha thng tin v cc kt ni ang hot
ng i qua tng i. iu ny khc vi thng tin v ton mng cha trong
bng chuyn tin ca IP router.
Cc gi trong ATM nh, c kch thc c nh nn tc truyn s ln hn
dn n tr truyn v bin ng tr gim nh i vi cc dch v thi gian
thc. ng thi to iu kin cho vic hp knh tc cao d dng hn.
ATM c th chuyn mch nhanh hn v nhn gn trn cell c kch thc c
nh (nh hn ca IP), kch thc bng chuyn tin nh hn nhiu so vi ca IP
router, v vic ny thc hin trn cc phn cng chuyn dng. Do vy, thng
lng ca tng i ATM thng ln hn thng lng ca IP router truyn
thng.
1.4.3 MPLS
MPLS l phng thc chuyn mch phi hp u im ca IP v ATM. Trc khi
phng thc ny ra i ngi ta cng quan tm ti m hnh IP over ATM ca IETF xem
IP nh mt lp nm trn lp ATM. Phng thc tip cn xp chng ny cho php IP v
ATM hot ng vi nhau m khng cn thay i giao thc ca chng. Tuy nhin cch
ny khng tn dng c ht kh nng ca ATM, khng thch hp vi mng nhiu router
v khng tht hiu qu trn mt s mt.
Cng ngh MPLS s dng c ch hon i nhn nh ca ATM tng tc
truyn gi tin m khng cn thay i giao thc nh tuyn ca IP. Thit b CSR ca
Lun vn thc s
24
Toshiba ra i nm 1994 l tng i ATM u tin c iu khin bng giao thc IP
thay cho bo hiu ATM.
MPLS tch chc nng ca IP router lm hai phn ring bit:
Chc nng chuyn gi tin: c nhim v gi gi tin gia cc router, s dng c
ch hon i nhn tng t nh trong ATM. Trong MPLS, nhn l mt s c
di c nh v khng ph thuc vo lp mng. K thut hon i nhn thc
cht l vic tm nhn cho mt gi tin trong mt bng cc nhn xc nh
tuyn ca gi v nhn mi ca gi . Cc router thc hin k thut ny gi l
LSR (Label Switch Router).
Chc nng iu khin: gm cc giao thc nh tuyn lp mng vi nhim v
phn phi thng tin gia cc LSR, giao thc phn phi nhn thit lp nhn
trong cc bng nh tuyn.
MPLS c th hot ng c vi cc giao thc nh tuyn Internet khc nh OSPF
(Open Shortest Path First) v BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
Mt s u dim ca MPLS:
MPLS m bo cht lng dch v do MPLS h tr vic iu khin lu lng
v cho php thit lp tuyn c nh. Ngoi ra, MPLS cn c c ch chuyn
tuyn (fast reruoting). Do MPLS l cng ngh chuyn mch hng kt ni , kh
nng b nh hng bi li ng truyn cao hn. Trong khi cc dch v m
MPLS h tr li yu cu dung lng cao. Do vy, kh nng phc hi ca
MPLS m bo kh nng cung cp dch v ca mng khng ph thuc vo c
cu khi phc li ca lp vt l bn di.
Cng ngh MPLS gip cho vic qun l mng c d dng hn. Do MPLS
qun l vic chuyn tin theo cc lung thng tin, cc gi tin thuc mt FEC c
th c xc nh bi mt gi tr ca nhn. Do vy trong min MPLS cc thit
b o lu lng mng c th da trn nhn phn loi cc gi tin. Lu lng
i qua cc tuyn chuyn mch nhn (LSP) c gim st 1 cch d dng dng
RTFM( realtime flow measurement). Bng cch gim st lu lng ti cc
LSR, nghn lu lng s c pht hin v v tr xy ra nghn lu lng c th
Lun vn thc s
25
c xc nh nhanh chng. Tuy nhin, gim st lu lng theo phng thc
ny khng a ra c ton b thng tin v cht lng dch v(v d tr t
im u ti im cui ca min MPLS). Vic o tr c th c thc hin bi
giao thc lp 2. gim st tc ca mi lung v m bo cc lung lu
lng tun th tnh cht lu lng c nh trc, h thng gim st c th
dng 1 thit b nn lu lng. Thit b ny s cho php gim st v m bo
tun th tnh cht lu lng m khng cn thay i cc tnh cht hin c.
Tm li, MPLS l mt cng ngh chuyn mch c nhiu trin vng. MPLS c kh
nng nng cao cht lng dch v ca mng IP truyn thng. ng thi ci thin lu
lng ca mng mt cch ng k. [1]
Kt lun chng 1
Mng th h sau NGN ang c nghin cu, chun ho bi cc t chc vin
thng ln trn th gii nhm p ng nhu cu cng tng v tnh m, s tng thch v
linh hot cung cp a dch v, a phng tin vi cc tnh nng ngy cng m rng.
Ti Vit Nam, mng vin thng ang ngy cng pht trin p ng cc nhu cu mi
trong nn kinh t hi nhp th gii v vic chuyn hon ton sang cng ngh mng NGN
l vic lm bc thit nhm p ng cc nhu cu ny. Qu trnh xy dng v pht trin
mng NGN phi c tin hnh tng bc, c tnh n s tng thch v phi hp vi
nn tng mng hin ti. Thng qua kt trc mng NGN phn tch trn ta thy mng
MAN-E thuc vo lp truyn thng. Mng MAN-E ti cc Tnh/thnh ph c chc nng:
-
Thu gom lu lng cc Tnh/TP trc khi k ni ln Mng Core IP/MPLS
S dng cp quang v cc kt ni GE tng bng thng.
Cung cp kt ni bng thng ln ti cc thit b IPDSLAM/MSAN.
Cung cp kt ni GE ti cc khch hng ln.
H tr cng ngh mi sn sng cung cp cc dch v Tripleplay NGN.
Lun vn thc s
26
CHNG 2: CNG NGH MNG MAN-E V CC DCH V TRN MNG
MAN-E
2.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MNG MAN-E
2.1.1 Tng quan mng quang Ethernet
Trong vi thp k gn y, Ethernet l cng ngh ch yu trong cc mng ni b
LAN, l cng ngh ch o trong hu ht cc vn phng trn ton th gii v hin nay
c dng ngay c trong cc h gia nh chia s cc ng dy truy nhp bng rng
gia cc thit b vi nhau. c bit tt c cc my tnh c nhn u c kt ni bng
Ehernet v ngy cng nhiu thit b truy nhp dng n cng ngh ny.C nhiu l do
gii thch ti sao Ethernet c s thnh cng nh vy trong c cc doanh nghip ln cc
h gia nh: d s dng, tc cao v gi thit b r. [1]
Cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin, tc Ethernet c ci thin
t Mbps ln Gbps v 40Gbps. Song song vi n l s bng n ca Internet yu cu bng
thng truyn ti lu lng rt ln, phng tin truyn trong mng Ethernet cng chuyn
dn t cp ng sang cp quang, v cu hnh cng pht trin t cu trc bus dng
chung ln cu trc mng chuyn mch. y l nhng nhn t quan trng xy dng cc
mng c dung lng cao, cht lng cao, v hiu xut cao, p ng c nhng i hi
ngy cng kht khe ca yu cu v cht lng dch v (Qos) trong mi trng mng
mng th (MAN-E) hay WAN m bo kt ni vi khch hng mi lc, mi ni mi
giao din.
M rng t mng LAN ra mng MAN-E to ra cc c hi mi cho cc nh khai
thc mng. Khi u t vo mng MAN-E, cc nh khai thc c kh nng cung cp cc
gii php truy nhp tc cao vi chi ph tng i thp cho cc im cung cp dch v
POP (Points Of Presence) ca h, do loi b c cc im nt c chai tn ti gia cc
mng LAN ti cc c quan vi mng ng trc tc cao.
Doanh thu gim do cung cp bng thng vi gi thp hn cho khch hng c th
b li bng cch cung cp thm cc dch v mi. Do vy MAN-E s to ra phng thc
Lun vn thc s
27
chuyn t cung cp cc ng truyn c gi cao n vic cung cp cc dch v gi tr
gia tng qua bng thng tng i thp.
Xu hng pht trin cng ngh mng MAN-E:
Hin ti, cc cng ngh tim nng c nhn nh l ng c xy dng mng
MAN-E th h mi ch yu tp trung vo 5 loi cng ngh chnh, l:
Next Generation SDH/SONET: SDH/SONET th h mi.
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing): Ghp knh theo bc song
RPR ( Resilient Packet Ring): vng Ring gi t phc hi.
Ethernet/Giagabit Ethernet (GE)
Chuyn mch kt ni MPLS

Cc cng ngh ni trn ny c xy dng khc nhau c phm vi v cc phng
thc m chng s c s dng. Trong mt s trng hp, cc nh cung cp c s h

tng li trin khai cng mt cng ngh cho cc ng dng khc nhau. V d, Gbps c th
c s dng cung cp nng lc truyn ti c s hoc cung cp cc dch v gi
Ethernet trc tip n khch hng.
Cc nh khai thc mng c xu hng kt hp mt s loi cng ngh trn cng mt mng
ca h, v tt c cc cng ngh s ng gp vo vic t c nhng mc ch chung l:
Gim chi ph u t xy dng mng
Rt ngn thi gian p ng dch v cho khch hng
D phng dung lng i vi s gia tng lu lng dng gi
Tng li nhun t vic trin khai cc dch v mi
Nng cao hiu sut khai thc mng
Trong khun kh lun vn ny xin trnh by v mng MAN trn cng ngh
Ethernet/Giagabit Ethernet (GE)
2.1.2 Cc tnh nng ca MAN-E
Khch hng c kt ni n MAN-E s dng cc giao din thch hp vi
Ethernet thay v phi qua nhiu giai on bin i t lu lng ATM, SONET/SDH v
Lun vn thc s
28
ngc li. Bng cch ny khng ch loi b c s phc tp m cn lm cho qu trnh
cung cp n gin i rt nhiu. M hnh Metro hnh thnh t qa trnh cung cp cc ng
bng thng (tunel gia cc node v khch hng u cui cung cp cc mng LAN o
(VLAN) v cc mng ring o (VPN) da trn mc tho thun dch v SLA).
Trong trng hp ny, cc vn c n gin ho i rt nhiu cho c khch
hng ln nh khai thc. Khch hng khng cn phi chia ct lu lng v nh tuyn
chng n cc ng ph hp n ng cc node ch na. Thay v to ra rt nhiu
chm ng truyn gia cc node, y ch cn to ra bng thng da theo SLA m bao
hm c nhu cu ca khch hng ti mi node.
Ni cch khc, cung cp cc kt ni khng cn l vn thit yu i vi nh
cung cp mng na do h c iu kin tp trung vo vic to ra cc dch v gi tr
gia tng. Bng vic m rng mng LAN vo mng MAN-E s dng kt ni c bng
thng ln hn, s khng cn s khc bit gia cc server ca mng vi cc router c
t ti thit b ca khch hng v ti cc im POP ca nh cung cp mng na
MAN-E c chc nng thu gom lu lng v p ng nhu cu truyn ti lu lng
cho cc thit b truy nhp (IPDSLAM, MSAN). C kh nng cung cp cc kt ni
Ethernet (FE/GE) ti khch hng truyn ti lu lng trong ni tnh, ng thi kt ni
ln mng ng trc IP/MPLS NGN chuyn lu lng i lin tnh, quc t. Trong
mng MAN-E ngi ta s dng cc thit b CES (Carrier Ethernet Switch) ti cc ni c
lu lng cao to thnh mng chuyn ti Ethernet/IP. Kt ni gia cc thit b CES dng
hnh sao, ring hoc u ni tip, s dng cc loi cng kt ni: n x 1Gbps hoc n x
10Gbps.
2.1.3 Cu trc mng MAN-E
Kin trc mng Metro da trn cng ngh Ethernet in hnh c th m t nh
hnh 2.1. Phn mng truy nhp Metro tp hp lu lng t cc khu vc (c quan, to nh,
...) trong khu vc ca mng Metro. M hnh in hnh thng c xy dng xung quanh
cc vng Ring quang vi mi vng Ring truy nhp Metro gm t 5 n 10 node. Nhng
vng Ring ny MAN-E lu lng t cc khch hng khc nhau n cc im POP m cc
Lun vn thc s
29
im ny c kt ni vi nhau bng mng li Metro. Mt mng li Metro in hnh s
bao ph c nhiu thnh ph hoc mt khu vc tp trung nhiu doanh nghip.[1]
Hnh 2.1: Cu trc mng MAN-E in hnh

Mt kha cnh quan trng ca nhng mng li Metro ny l cc trung tm d liu,
thng c t node quan trng ca mng li Metro c th truy nhp d dng. Nhng
trung tm d liu ny phc v ch yu cho ni dung cc host gn ngi s dng. y
cng chnh l ni m cc dch v t nh cung cp dch v khc (Outsourced services)
c cung cp cho cc khch hng ca mng MAN-E. Qu trnh truy nhp n ng
trc Internet c cung cp ti mt hoc mt s im POP cu thnh nn mng li Metro.
Vic sp xp ny c nhiu u im ph lin quan n qu trnh thng mi in t. Hin
ti c s h tng cho mc ch phi hp thng mi in t cng gn ging nh li ca
mng Internet, c nhiu phin giao dch hn c x l v sau gim dn, y l hai u
im ni tri khi t chc mt giao dch thnh cng da trn s thc hin ca Internet.
2.1.4 M hnh phn lp mng MAN-E
M hnh phn lp mng MAN-E c nh ngha theo MEF 4 c chia lm 3 lp
bao gm:
Lp truyn ti dch v (TRAN layer): bao gm mt hoc nhiu dch v truyn

ti.
Lp dch v Ethernet (ETH layer): h tr cc dch v thng tin d liu Ethernet

lp 2 (trong mo hnh OSI).
Lp dch v ng dng: h tr cc ng dng c truyn ti da trn dch v
Ethernet lp 2.
Lun vn thc s
30
M hnh phn lp mng MAN-E da trn quan h Client/Server. Hn na, mi lp
c th bao gm cc thnh phn thuc mt phng qun l, gim st dch v. M hnh phn
lp mng MAN-E c m t ti hnh 2.2 [6]
Hnh 2.2: M hnh mng MAN-E theo cc lp
Lp truyn ti dch v (Transport Services Layer)

Lp truyn ti dch v, cung cp cc kt ni gia cc phn t ca lp dch
v Ethernet. S dng nhiu cng ngh khc nhau thc hin vic h tr kt
ni: IEEE 802.1, SONET/SDH, ATM VC, OTN ODUK, PDH DS1/E1, MPLS
LSP Cc cng ngh truyn ti trn, n lt mnh li c th do nhiu cng
ngh khc h tr, c tip tc nh vy cho n lp vt l nh cp quang, cp
ng, khng dy.
Lp dch v Ethernet (Ethernet Services Layer)

Lp dch v Ethernet c chc nng truyn ti cc dch v hng kt ni
chuyn mch da trn a ch MAC v cc bn tin Ethernet s c truyn trn
h thng thng qua cc giao din hng ni b, hng bn ngoi c quy
nh r rng, gn vi cc im tham chiu.
Lp ETH cng phi cung cp c cc kh nng v OAM, kh nng pht
trin dch v trong vic qun l cc dch v Ethernet hng kt ni. Ti cc
Lun vn thc s
31
giao din hng bn ngoi ca lp ETH, cc bn tin bao gm: Ethernet unicast,
multicast hoc broadcast, tun theo chun IEEE 802.3 2002.
Lp dch v ng dng (Application Services Layer)

Lp dch v ng dng h tr cc dch v s dng truyn ti trn nn mng
Ethernet ca mng MAN-E. C nhiu dch v trong bao gm c cc vic s
dng lp ETH nh mt lp TRAN cho cc lp khc nh: IP, MPLS, PDH
DS1/E1
2.1.5 Cc im tham chiu trong mng MAN-E

im tham chiu trong mng MAN-E l tp cc im tham chiu lp mng c
s dng phn cc vng lin kt i qua cc giao din. hnh v 2.3 ch ra cc quan h
gia cc thnh phn kin trc bn ngoi v mng MAN-E. Cc thnh phn bn ngoi bao
gm:
T cc thu bao n cc dch v MAN-E
T cc mng MAN-E khc
Cc mng truyn ti dch v (khng phi Ethernet) khc.
Lun vn thc s
32
Other L2/L2+
Subscriber
Services Networks
(e.g., ATM, FR, IP)
UNI
Service
Interworking
NNI
UNI
Subscriber
MAN-E
Metro Area Network

ETHERNET
(MAN-E)
Service Provider X
Network
Interworking
NNI
Service Provider Z1
External
NNI
External
NNI
Ethernet
Wide Area Network
(E-WAN)
Service Provider Y
MAN-E
Service Provider Z2
Other L1
Transport Networks
(e.g., SONET, SDH, OTN)
UNI
Subscriber
Network
Interworking
NNI
MAN-E
Service Provider X
Hnh 2.3: M hnh cc im tham chiu
Cc thu bao kt ni n mng MAN-E thng qua im tham chiu giao din
Ngi dng Mng (UNI: Uset Network interface). Cc thnh phn trong cng mng
(NE: Internal Network Elements) hoc I-INNIs ( Internal NNIs). Hai mng MAN-E c
lp c th kt ni vi nhau ti im tham chiu External NNI (E-NNI). Mt mng MANE c th kt ni vi cc mng dch v v truyn ti khc ti im tham chiu lin mng
Network Interworkinh NNI (NI-NNI) hoc im tham chiu lin dch v Service
Interworking NNI (SI-NNI).
Lun vn thc s
33
Subscriber Site A
Subscriber Site B
UNI
UNI
Client
UNI
Network
T
Metro
Ethernet
Network
(MEN)
UNI
UNI
Client
UNI
Network
T
Ethernet Virtual Connection

End-to-End Ethernet flow
Hnh 2.4: Giao din UNI v m hnh tham chiu MAN-E
Giao din UNI s dng kt ni cc thu bao n nh cung cp dch v MAN-E.

UNI cng cung cp im tham chiu gia cc thit b mng MAN-E thuc nh cung cp
dch v v cc thit b truy nhp ca khch hng. V vy UNI bt u t im cui ca
nh cung cp dch v v im u ca khch hng, Giao din UNI pha nh cung cp dch
v l im tham chiu UNI-N. Giao din ph khch hng l im tham chiu UNI-C. Phn
bit gia UNI-N v UNI-C l im tham chiu T. Trong phn cc thit b khch hng
thng c chia thnh thit b truy nhp v thit b ngi s dng u cui. gia hai
thit b ny c im tham chiu S.[6]
2.1.6 Cc thnh phn vt l trong mng MAN-E
Cc thit b vt l trong mng l cc thnh phn mng (NE: Network Element)
trong mng MAN-E. Mt thit b c th c nhiu chc nng khc nhau v thuc nhiu lp
khc nhau trong m hnh mng MAN-E.
Cc thit b bin khch hng (CE: customes Edge)

Thit b CE l thnh phn vt l thuc kin trc mng MAN-E thc hin cc
thnh phn chc nng thuc mng khch hng yu cu cc dch v t nh
cung cp mng MAN-E. Cc thnh phn chc nng ring l ca mt CE c th
hon ton thuc pha khch hng hoc hon ton thuc pha nh cung cp dch
v. Mt thit b CE ti thiu phi p ng c kh nng lm vic vi giao
din UNI-C. Thit b CE c th l Swtich(Ethernet, Router(IP/MPLS) hoc mt
Lun vn thc s
34
thit b u cui. thng thng cc thnh phn chc nng ca CE c th thuc
lp ETH layer, TRAN layer hoc APP layer.
Thit b bin nh cung cp dch v (PE: Provider Edge)

Thit b PE l cc router c chc nng cung cp chc nng kt ni n
khch hng hoc kt ni n mng ngoi khc thuc lp ETH. Khi cung cp kt
ni n khch hng, thit b PE cung cp tp cc chc nng lin quan n giao
din UNI-N.
Thit b li ca nh cung cp dch v (P: Provider Core)

Thit b P hay cn gi l Core Router, l cc router khc ca nh cung cp
dch v thuc lp ETH leyer, thit b P khng tham gia vo cc chc nng
thuc giao din UNI-N/E-NNI.
Thit b kt cui mng (NT: Network Termination)

Thit b NT thc hin chc nng thuc lp TRAN layer gia im cui ca
nh cung cp dch v m im u ca khch hng. Cc thit b NT m nhim
chc nng gim st hiu nng ng truyn vt l, nh thi, chuyn i m
ha gia cc thnh phn.
Thit b bin truyn ti (TE: Transport Edge)

Thit b TE cho php ghp knh cc lung d liu ca nhiu khch hng
vo cng mt ng truyn vt l.
2.1.7 Li ch dng dch v Ethernet

Nhiu nh cung cp dch v cung cp dch v Metro Ethernet. Mt s nh cung
cp m rng dch v Ethernet vut xa phm vi mng ni th (MAN-E) v vn n
phm vi mng din rng (WAN). Hng triu thu bao c s dng dch v Ethernet
v s lng thu bao ang tng ln mt cch nhanh chng. Nhng thu bao ny b thu ht
bi nhng li ch ca dch v Ethernet em li, bao gm:
Tnh d s dng.
Hiu qu v chi ph (cost effectiveness).
Linh hot.
Lun vn thc s
35
Tnh d s dng
Dch v Ethernet da trn mt giao din Ethernet (Ethernet interface) chun, ph
bin dng rng ri trong cc h thng mng cc b (LAN). Hu nh tt c cc thit b v
my ch trong LAN u kt ni dng Ethernet, v vy vic s dng Ethernet kt ni
vi nhau s n gin ha qu trnh hot ng v cc chc nng qun tr, qun l v cung
cp (OAM &P).
Hiu qu v chi ph
Dch v Ethernet lm gim chi ph u t (CAPEX-capital expense) v chi ph vn
hnh (OPEX-operation expense):
Mt l, do s ph bin ca Ethernet trong hu ht tt c cc sn phm mng
nn giao din Ethernet c chi ph khng t.
Hai l, t tn km hn nhng dch v cnh tranh khc do gi thnh thit b
thp, chi ph qun tr v vn hnh thp hn.
Ba l, nhiu nh cung cp dch v Ethernet cho php nhng thu bao tng
thm bng thng mt cch kh mm do.. iu ny cho php thu bao thm
bng thng khi cn thit v h ch tr cho nhng g h cn.
Tnh linh hot
Dch v Ethernet cho php nhng thu bao thit lp mng ca h theo nhng cch
hoc l phc tp hn hoc l khng th thc hin vi cc dch v truyn thng khc. V
d: mt cng ty thu mt giao tip Ethernet n c th kt ni nhiu mng v tr khc
nhau thnh lp mt Intranet VPN ca h, kt ni nhng i tc kinh doanh thnh
Extranet VPN hoc kt ni Internet tc cao n ISP. Vi dch v Ethenet, cc thu bao
cng c th thm vo hoc thay i bng thng trong vi pht thay v trong vi ngy ngy
hoc thm ch vi tun khi s dng nhng dch v mng truy nhp khc (Frame relay,
ATM,). Ngoi ra, nhng thay i ny khng i hi thu bao phi mua thit b mi hay
ISP c cn b k thut n kim tra, h tr ti ch.
Lun vn thc s
36
2.2 CC DCH V CUNG CP QUA MNG MAN-E
2.2.1 M hnh dch v Ethernet
xc nh cc loi hnh dch v cung cp qua mi trng Ethernet, trc ht cn
xem xt m hnh tng qut. M hnh dch v Ethernet l m hnh chung cho cc dch v
Ethernet, c xy dng trn da trn c s s dng cc thit b khch hng truy cp
cc dch v. Trong m hnh ny s nh ngha cc thnh phn c bn cu thnh dch v
cng nh mt s c tnh c bn cho mi loi hnh dch v. Nhn chung cc dch v
Ethernet u c chung mt s c im, tuy nhin vn c mt s c tnh c trng khc
nhau cho tng dch v ring. M hnh c bn cho cc dch v Ethernet Metro nh ch ra
trn hnh sau.
Hnh 2.5: M hnh cung cp cc dch v Ethernet qua mng MAN-E

Cc dch v Ethernet c cung cp bi nh cung cp mng Ethernet Metro. Thit
b khch hng ni n mng ti giao din ngi dng - mng (UNI) s dng mt giao
din Ethernet chun 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps hoc 10Gbps.
Trong m hnh ny ch yu cp n cc kt ni mng m trong thu bao
c xem l mt pha ca kt ni khi trnh by v cc ng dng thu bao. Tuy nhin cng
c th c nhiu thu bao (UNI) kt ni n mng MEN t cng mt v tr.
Trn c s cc dch v chung c xc nh trong m hnh, nh cung cp dch v
c th trin khai cc dch v c th tu theo nhu cu khch hng. Nhng dch v ny c
th c truyn qua cc mi trng v cc giao thc khc nhau trong mng Man-E nh
SONET, DWDM, MPLS, GFP, .... Tuy nhin, xt t gc khch hng th cc kt ni
mng xut pht t pha khch hng ca giao din UNI l cc kt ni Ethernet.
Lun vn thc s
37
2.2.2 Knh kt ni o Ethernet (EVC: Ethernet Virtual Connection)
Mt thnh phn c bn ca mng MAN-E l knh kt ni o Ethernet. Mt EVC l
mt knh kt ni gia hai hoc nhiu giao din UNI. Cc giao din UNI ny c gi l
cc giao din UNI thuc knh EVC. Mt giao din UNI c th c th thuc mt hay nhiu
knh EVC ty thuc vo s ghp knh trn dch v. Mi khung dch v i vo mng
MAN-E phi n 1 EVC no , giao din UNI m khung dch v i n vo MAN-E
gi l UNI u vo. Khung dch v i vo khung EVC s c truyn n mt giao din
UNI khc thuc knh EVC v khng th truyn n giao din UNI khng thuc knh
EVC. Mi knh EVC lun cho php truyn theo hai hng.
C hai loi knh ECV l EVC im im v EVC a im.[8]
Knh EVC im im: l knh EVC kt ni hai giao din UNI vi nhau.
Khung dch v i vo giao in UNI ny ch c th i ra giao din UNI kia v
ngc li.
Hnh 2.6: EVC im im
Knh EVC a im: l knh EVC kt ni t hai giao din UNI tr ln vi nhau.
Knh EVC a im c hai giao in UNI khc vi knh imim ch c
th thm vo mt hoc nhiu giao din UNI khc. C hai loi knh EVC a
im l knh EVC a im a im v knh EVC dng cy.
EVC a im a im, cc giao din UNI kt ni bnh ng vi nhau. Mi

khung dch v c th c th c truyn trc tip t UNI ny n bt k
mt UNI no khc cng thuc vo knh EVC.
Lun vn thc s
38
Hnh 2.7: EVC im a im
EVC dng cy, c mt s giao din UNI c xem l gc v cc giao din

UNI cn li l l. Gi tin t giao din UNI gc v c th truyn trc tip
n tt c cc giao din UNI khc cng thuc knh EVC. Vi cc giao din
UNI l, nu mun truyn n mt giao din UNI khc phi truyn qua giao
din gc.[8]
Hnh 2.8: EVC dng cy

2.2.3 Cc loi dch v trong MAN-E
Nguyn thy ca Ethernet l cung cp kt ni v khng cung cp cc dch v
WAN. Vi h thng Metro cc nh cung cp dch v bt u s dng cng ngh kt ni
Ethernet cung cp cc dch v. Da vo giao thc Ethernet 802.3 ca IEEE, cng thm
cc tham s v dch v to nn cc dch v Ethernet.
Lun vn thc s
39
MAN-E c cc dch v c bn l: dch v Ethernet Line (E-Line), Ethernet LAN
(E-LAN) v Ethernet Tree (E-Tree). Da vo cc dch v c bn ny, cc nh cung cp
dch v c th a ra nhiu loi hnh dch v khch nhau cho khch hng.
2.2.3.1 Khun kh nh ngha dch v Ethernet (Ethernet Definition Framework)
gip nhng thu bao c th hiu r hn s khc nhau trong cc Dch v
Ethernet, MEF pht trin cc Khun kh nh ngha dch v Ethernet. Mc tiu ca h
thng ny l:
- nh ngha v t tn cho cc kiu dch v Ethernet.
- nh ngha nhng thuc tnh (attribute) v cc thng s ca thuc tnh (attribut
parameters) c dng nh ngha mt dch v Ethernet ring bit.
Hnh 2.9: Khun kh nh ngha dch v Ethernet

nh r mt cch hon ton v dch v Ethernet, nh cung cp phi xc nh
kiu dch v v UNI; cc thuc tnh ca dch v EVC kt hp vi kiu dch v . Cc
thuc tnh ny c th c tp hp li theo nhng dng sau:[7]
- Giao din vt l (Ethernet Physical Interface).
- Thng s lu lng (Traffic Parameters)
- Thng s v hiu nng (PerforMAN-Ece Parameters).
- Lp dch v (Class of Service).
- Service Frame Delivery
- H tr cc th VLAN (VLAN Tag Support)
- Ghp dch v (Service Multiplexing).
Lun vn thc s
40
- Gp nhm (Bundling).
- Lc bo mt (Sercurity Filters).
2.2.3.2 Dch v E-Line
Dch v knh Ethernet cung cp kt ni o Ethernet im - im (EVC) gia hai
UNI nh minh ho trn hnh 2.10. Dch v E -Line c s dng cho kt ni im - im.
Point-to-Point
EVC
CE
UNI
MAN-E
CE
UNI
E-Line Service type
Hnh 2.10: Dch v E-Line
Dch v E - Line c th cung cp bng thng i xng cho truyn s liu theo hai
hng. dng phc tp hn n c th to ra tc thng tin tt nht (CIR) v kch thc
khi tt nht (CBS), tc thng tin nh v kch thc khi nh tr, jitter, mt mt
thc hin gia hai UNI c tc khc nhau.
Ti mi UNI c th thc hin ghp dch v t mt s EVC khc nhau. Mt s EVC
im - im c th c cung cp trn cng mt cng vt l ti mt trong cc giao din
UNI trn mng.
Mt dch v E-Line c th cung cp cc EVC im - im gia cc UNI tng t
s dng cc chuyn tip khung PVC kt ni cc bn vi nhau.
Mt dch v E - Line c th cung cp mt kt ni im - im gia cc UNI tng
t nhau n mt dch v ng ring TDM. y l dch v kt ni gia hai UNI v to ra
Lun vn thc s
41
cc khung dch v hon ton trong sut gia cc UNI, tiu v ti ca khung c trng
cho UNI ngun v ch.
Nhn chung dch v E - Line c th c s dng xy dng cc dch v tng
t cho chuyn tip khung hoc cc ng thu ring. Tuy nhin, di bng tn v cc kh
nng kt ni ca n ln hn nhiu.
2.2.3.3 Dch v E-LAN
Dch v LAN Ethernet cung cp cc kt ni a im, chng hn c th kt ni mt
s UNI vi nhau nh ch ra hnh sau.
Hnh 2.11: Dch v E-LAN

S liu thu bao gi t mt UNI c th c nhn ti mt hoc nhiu UNI khc.
Mi UNI c kt ni n mt EVC a im. Khi c cc UNI thm vo, chng c kt
ni n cng EVC a im do n gin ho qu trnh cung cp v kch hot dch v.
Dch v E - LAN theo cu hnh im - im.
Dch v E - LAN c th c s dng kt ni ch hai UNI, iu ny dng nh
tng t vi dch v E - Line nhng y c mt s khc bit ng k. Vi dch v E Line, khi mt UNI c thm vo, mt EVC cng phi c b sung kt ni UNI mi
n mt trong cc UNI tn ti. Hnh 2.12 minh ho khi mt UNI c thm vo v s
c mt EVC mi c b sung tt c cc UNI c th kt ni c vi nhau khi dng
dch vu E - Line.
Lun vn thc s
42
EVC kt ni im n im
Khu vc thm mi
Hnh 2.12 . Qu trnh thc hin khi thm mt UNI vo mng MAN-E
Vi dch v E - LAN, khi UNI mi cn thm vo EVC a im th khng cn b
sung EVC mi v dch v E - LAN s dng EVC a im - a im. Dch v ny cng
cho php UNI mi trao i thng tin vi tt c cc UNI khc trn mng. Trong khi vi
dch v E Line th cn c cc EVC n tt c cc UNI. Do , dch v E - LAN ch yu
cu mt EVC thc hin kt ni nhiu bn vi nhau.
Tm li, dch v E - LAN c th kt ni mt s lng ln cc UNI v s t phc
tp hn khi dng theo dng li hoc hub v cc kt ni s dng cc k thut kt ni
im - im nh Frame Relay hoc ATM. Hn na, dch v E-LAN c th c s dng
to mt lot dch v nh mng LAN ring v cc dch v LAN ring o, trn c s ny
c th trin khai cc dch v khch hng.
2.2.3.4 Dch v E-Tree
E-Tree l nhng dch v Ethernet cung cp kt ni dng cy. Cc kt ni ny da
v knh EVC dng cy. Mi cy u c mt hoc nhiu gc. Trng hp n gin nht
l c mt gc. Dch v E-Tree c mt gc c m t trong hnh v 2.13.
Hnh 2.13: Dch v E-Tree

Lun vn thc s
43
Vi kiu dch v E-Tree mt giao din UNI l ch truyn d liu thng qu giao
din UNI gc m khng truyn trc tip n cc giao din UNI l khc c. Giao din
UNI gc c th truyn trc tip n tt c cc l. Dch v E-Tree thng c ng dng
cho cc khch hng doanh nghip c nhu cu kt ni im a im gia trung tm v
cc chi nhnh. Cc chi nhnh ch c kt ni v trung tm, khng kt ni trc tip gia cc
chi nhnh.
Vi kiu dch v E-Tree nhiu gc, c nhiu giao din UNI c chn l UNI gc.
Cc UNI gc ny c th truyn d liu sang nhau v sang cc UNI l.
Hnh 2.14: Dch v E-Tree nhiu gc

Trong nhiu trng hp cc giao din UNI gc c cu hnh d phng. Khi giao
din UNI ny b li th vic chuyn tip d liu s do UNI d phng m nhim.
Vi dch v E-Tree c th phn thnh hai loi dch v l Ethernet Private Tree
(EP-Tree) v Ethernet Virtual Private Tree (EVP-Tree). Dch v EP-Tree da trn giao
din vt l do khch hng c th qun l cc VLAN ca mnh m khng cn thng
bo hay can thip ca nh cung cp dch v. EP-Tree thng ng dng cho cc khch
hng cn qun l tp trung hoc phn phi thng tin ti mt hoc nhiu im khc nhau.
Ti a im phn phi giao din UNI c chn s l UNI gc ti cc im tip nhn
UNI s l UNI l. Dch v EVP-Tree da trn VLAN, trng hp ny thng s dng
cho cc khch hng cn a ra nhiu chnh sch truy cp khc nhau cho ngi s dng
ca mnh.[7]
Lun vn thc s
44
2.2.4 Cc thuc tnh dch v Ethernet
Vi mi loi dch vu Ethernet c yu cu v tham s v cc c tnh ring. MEF
a ra cc thuc tnh v tham s cho cc dch v nh sau:[3]
2.2.4.1 Thuc tnh ghp knh dch v
Ghp dch v cho php nhiu UNI thuc v cc EVC khc nhau. UNI nh vy gi
l UNI c ghp dch v (service multiplexed UNI). Khi UNI ch thuc mt EVC th
UNI ny gi l UNI khng ghp dch v (non - multiplexed UNI).
Hnh 2.15: Ghp knh dch v

Li ch ca ghp knh dch v cho php ch cn mt cng giao din UNI c th h
tr nhiu kt ni EVC. iu ny lm gim chi ph thm cng UNI v d dng trong vic
qun tr. VLAN c cu hnh ti cng thit b khch hng CE kt ni vi UNI c gi
l CE-VLAN. Nh vy, ti mi UNI c mt nh x (mapping) gia CE-VLAN v EVC.
iu ny gn ging nh nh x gia DLCI v PVC trong Frame Relay. Tnh trong sut
VLAN (VLAN transparency): Mt EVC c tnh trong sut VLAN khi CE-VLAN khng
thay i khi khi qua giao din UNI. Ngha l, CE-VLAN ca khung i ra (egress frame)
hng t MAN-E ra mng ca khch hng lun ging CE-VLAN ca khung i vo
(ingress frame). Tnh nng ny c u im lm gim vic nh s li (renumbering)
VLAN ca khch hng.
Lun vn thc s
45
2.2.4.2 Thuc tnh giao din vt l Ethernet
Bao gm cc tham s sau:
ng truyn vt l: Cc ng truyn vt l theo chun IEEE 802.3. V d:
10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, 1000BASE-X.
Tc truyn: Tc Ethernet. V d: 10Mbps, 100bps, 1Gbps, 10Dbps.
Ch truyn: Full Duplex/ Halp Dulplex, AutoNegotiotion.
Lp MAC: Cc tiu chun v lp MAC theo tiu chun 802.3 2000.
2.2.4.3 Cc thuc tnh v lu lng
MEF nh ngha tp hp cc thuc tnh v bng thng (Bandwidth Profile) cho
UNI v cho EVC. Mt Bandwidth Profile l mt gii hn v tc khi frame truyn qua
UNI hay EVC. i vi cac kt ni im im vic tnh ton bng thng trn ng
truyn c th n gin, nhng vi cc kt ni a im a im, c bit l c ghp knh
ECV trn cng mt giao din vt l, vic tnh ton bng thng rt phc tp. Vi trng
hp cn kt hp tnh ton vi o c thc tin.
c tnh bng thng bao gm cc loi sau:
Bng thng vo v ra ti mi UNI (Tc cng vt l)
Bng thng vo v ra ti mi EVC (Tc p theo VLAN)
Bng thng vo v ra cho mi lp dch v ( Ty vo loi d liu Voice, Video,
Data,... s c bng thng theo mc u tin khc nhau)
Bng thng vo UNI t EVC
Bng thng ra EVC t UNI
c tnh bng thng gm cc tham s v lu lng sau:
CIR (Committed Infomation Rate Tc truyn thng cam kt): l tc ti
thiu truyn ti dch v iu kin bnh thng. Mt dch v c th h tr mt
CIR cho mt VLAN trn mt UNI. Tuy nhin khi ghp dch v th tng CIR khng
th vt qu tc ca cng vt l. Bn cnh CIR MEF cn nh ngha thm tham
s CBS (Commited Burst Size) l kch thc lu lng ti a cho php i vi
mi thu bao, thng tnh bng KB hoc MB. V d: thu bao c cp CIR l
Lun vn thc s
46
3Mbps v CBS l 500KB th thu bao s c m bo bng thng ti thiu l
3Mbps v kch thc khung d li ti a l 500KB, nu khung c kch thc ln
hn 500KB th khung s b hy hoc b tr.
PIR (Peak Infomation Rate): L tc cao hn mc CIR cho php lu lng
truyn trn mng khi khng c tc nghn xy ra. Cng vi PIR l tham s MBS
(Maximum Burst Size) l kch thc khung ti a cho php truyn m khng b
hy. MBS cng c tnh bng KB hoc MB nh CBS. V d: mt dch v c
cp bng thng l 3Mbps CIR, 500KB CBS, 10Mbps v 1MB MBS.
Nu bng thng ca thu bao <= 3Mbps th chc chn d liu s c

truyn i m bo. Lu lng truyn phi c kch thc b hn 500KB
(CBS), nu ln hn c th b hy b hoc b tr.
Nu bng thng ca thu bao >= 3Mbps v <= 10Mbps th d liu ch c

truyn m bo trn mng nu khng c tc nghn xy ra v kch thc
khung nh hn 1MB (MBS)
Trng hp lu lng >= 10Mbps th s b hy.
2.2.4.4 Cc thuc tnh v hiu nng

Cc thuc tnh hiu nng biu th s mong i cht lng t pha khch hng. Cc
tham s bao gm: kh dng (Avaiability), tr khung (Delay), tri khung (Jitter)
v t l mt khung (Loss).
kh dng (Avaiability): kh dng ca dch v c din t thng qua
mt s thuc tnh dch v sau:
Thi gian kch hot dch v ca UNI: l thi gian tnh t lc bt u c
yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti lc dch v c
kch hot v a vo s dng. Thi gian kch hot trung bnh ca dch
v Ethernet ch c vi gi ng h, ngn hn nhiu so vi vi thng
khong thi gian cn thit kch hot dch v mi i vi cc m hnh
truyn thng truyn thng.
Lun vn thc s
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Thi gian khi phc dch v ca UNI: l thi gian tnh t lc UNI khng
hot ng c th do s c xy ra ti lc n c phc hi v tr li
hot ng bnh thng.
Thi gian kch hot dch v EVC: l thi gian tnh t lc bt u c yu
cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti lc dch v c kch
hot v a vo s dng. Hay c th hn, khong thi gian ny c
tnh t lc c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti khi
tt c cc UNI trn EVC u c kch hot. Vi mt EVC a im,
dch v c coi l sn sng c truyn khi tt c cc UNI thuc v
EVC u c kch hot v hot ng. Tt c cc dch v Ethernet
u c cung cp cho khch hng thng qua cc EVC.
Thi gian khi phc dch v ca EVC: l thi gian tnh t lc m EVC
khng hot ng c th do s c sy ra, ti lc c phc hi v tr li
hot ng bnh thng.
tr khung (Delay): l tham s nh hng n cht lng dch v (QoS) i
vi cc ng dng thi gian thc. Tham s tr thng c p dng cho mt
hng truyn i, tr gia hai im l khong thi gian khung xut pht t
mt giao din UNI i qua mng MAN-E v n giao din UNI bn kia. tr
b nh hng bi tc ng truyn v di khung Ethernet. V d: mt
khung Ethernet c di 1518 byte i qua ng truyn 10Mbps th n tr
12ms (1518 x 6/106). Ngoi ra tr cn b nh hng bi tc truyn trn
mng trc v cp tc nghn. Tham s tr thng c nh gi bng
tr ca 95% s khung c truyn i thnh cng trong mt khong thi gian.
V d: tr l 15ms trong 24 gi c ngha l 95% s khung c truyn i
mt chiu trong thi gian 24 gi c tr nh hn hoc bng 15ms.
tri khung (Jiiter): Cng l mt tham s nh hng n cht lng dch v.
tri khung cn c gi l bin thin tr. tri khung gy hi cho cc
ng dng thi gian thc nh thoi, Video IP.
Lun vn thc s
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T l mt khung (Loss): t l mt khung c nh ngha l t l phn trm s
khung dch v tun th tc thng tin tha thun song khng c truyn i
gia cc UNI trong mt khong thi gian cho trc. V d: mt knh EVC
im im c 100 khung c truyn i nhng bn nhn ch nhn c 90
khung th t l mt khung l 10%. Ty vo tng ng dng m t l mt khung
c nh hng ln hay khng. V d: cc dch v ng dng web hai email
thng t b nh hng bi t l mt khung so vi cc ng dng VoIP.
2.2.4.5 Thuc tnh lp dch v (Class of Service Indentifier Service Attribute)
Cc thuc tnh lp dch v (CoS) c th c nh ngha cho cc khch hng da
trn cc thuc tnh nh sau:
Cng vt l: y l hnh thc n gin nht p dng QoS cho khch hng. Da
vo cng vt l ti giao din UNI, tt c cc lu lng vo v ra cng ny u c
chung mt CoS.
a ch MAC ngun/ch: Vic phn loi ny s dng cung cp cc loi dch v
khc nhau da v c a ch MAC ngun v ch. M hnh ny tuy n gin nhng
kh qun l theo tng dch v. Trong trng hp thit b pha khch hng (CPE)
l Switch lp 2 v dch v cung cp l dch v LAN kt ni n LAN th c rt
nhiu hng trm thm ch hng nghn a ch MAC cn c gim st v qun l.
Trng hp thit b pha khch hng l Router th ch cn gim st a ch MAC
ca router kt ni, vi trng hp ny kh nng qun l s n gin v d dng
hn.
VLAN ID: VLAN ID s c gn cho CoS trong trng hp khch hng s dng
cc dch v khc nhau vi cc VLAN khc nhau.
Gi tr trng 801.1p: cho php gn n 8 cp u tin khc nhau cho cc lu
lng ca khch hng. Thc t cc nh cung cp dch v khng thch dng trn 3
cp v kh qun l.
Type of Service (ToS): trng loi dch v bao gm 3 bit nm trong gi tin IP cho
php chia lm 8 lp dch v khc nhau. Trng ToS ny cng tng t nh trng
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802.1p, nhng ToS nm tiu gi tin IP cn 802.1p nm tiu ca khung
Ethernet.
2.2.4.6 Thuc tnh truyn khung dch v (Service Frame Delivery Attribute)
Mng Metro ging nh mt mng LAN chuyn mch, v vy cn bit loi khung
no c truyn i v loi khung no khng c truyn i trn mng. Thng thng cc
khung truyn trn mng cha d liu thng tin iu khin. m bo mng khch hng
c y cc tnh nng cn thit, khch hng v nh cung cp cn tha thun loi khung
no c truyn v loi khung no khng c truyn. Cc thuc tnh dch v EVC c
th nh ngha cho loi khung no bi hy b, loi khung no truyn i v loi khung no
ch c truyn i vi cc cp giao din UNI c th. Cc kh nng khc nhau ca khung
d liu Ethernet nh sau:
Unicast Frame: l cc khung c a ch MAC ch n c th. Nu a ch ch
c nhn bit, khung s c truyn n ch, nu khng nhn bit c h
thng s truyn n tt c cc a ch trong cng VLAN.
Multicast Frame: l cc khung c truyn n mt nhm a ch MAC ch. Cc
khung ny c bit Mang trong s thp nht (LSB: least significant bit) ca a ch
ch c gn bng 1 (tr trng hp gi tin qung b c tt c cc bit u bng 1)
Broadcast Frame: l khung truyn n tt c cc a ch khc trong mng theo
chun 802.3, khung broadcast c gi tr a ch MAC ch l FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FFFF.
2.2.4.7 Thuc tnh h tr VLAN Tag (VLAN Tag Support Attribute)
VLAN tag h tr cung cp tp hp cc kh nng quan trng cho vic truyn cc
khung dch v. Cc mng LAN doanh nghip thuc mt mi trng khch hng n l
tc l tt c ngi s dng u cui thuc v mt t chc. VLAN tag trong mt t chc
cc nhm khc nhau trong cng mt Broadcast domain logic. Metro Ethernet to ra mi
trng gm nhiu doanh nghip cng dng chung mt c s h tng mng v mi doanh
nghip c mt mi trng ring. Vic h tr nhiu cp VLAN gn VLAN tag rt quan
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trng. Mi khch hng c th c nhiu VLAN khc nhau v c th trng vi cc khch
hng khc, v vy phn bit cc khch hng vi nhau, nh cung cp dch v to ra mt
cp VLAN khc phn bit cc khch hng. C hai dng VLAN tag l VLAN tag
Preservation/Stacking v VLAN tag Translation/Swapping.
VLAN tag Preservation/Stacking
Mc ch ca Metro Ethernet l kt ni cc Site ca khch hng li vi nhau.
Trong thc t, mi khch hng c mt tp cc VLAN v c th trng lp VLAN ID vi
VLAN ID ca khch hng khc. phn bit cc VLAN ca cc khch hng vi nhau,
Provider gn cho mi khch hng mt VLAN ID ring gi l Carrier VLAN hay S-VLAN
v gi tr ny c s dng truyn trong mng. Nh vy trong header ca frame s
cha gi tr S-VLAN v S-VLAN.
Hnh 2.16: VLAN tag Preservation/Stacking

Vic t S-VLAN pha trc C-VLAN phn bit lu lng ca cc khch hng
nh vy c gi l 802.1q in 802.1q hay cn gi l ngn xp Q-in-Q. Trong Q-in-Q, SVLAN dng gn cho khch hng cn C-VLAN ch gn cho ni b ca khch hng v
c n i khi truyn qua mng MAN-E.
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VLAN tag Translation/Swapping
Thng thng VLAN tag ti u vo v u ra ca mt kt ni l ging nhau.
Trong trng hp c hai khch hng mun kt ni cc mng LAN ca h vi nhau nhng
gi tr C-VLAN ca mi bn li khng tng ng vi nhau, nh cung cp dch v cho
php loi b C-VLAN mt pha ca EVC v chuyn dch thnh gi tr C-VLAN pha
kia ca EVC. Nu khng c dch v ny th ch c mt cch duy nht lm l thc hin
IP routing.
Mt v d khc l nhiu khch hng cng yu cu cung cp kt ni Internet n
ISP qua mng Metro. Trong trng hp ny, trong cng frame ca khch hng khng c
C-VLAN nh cung cp dch v gn cho khch hng vo EVC tng ng vi S-VLAN.
VLAN tag ch c S-VLAN s c g b trc khi n router ca ISP. V d cc khch
hng gi gi tin khng gn VLAN tag n giao din UNI. Khch hng 1 c gn SVLAN 10, khch hng 2 c gn S-VLAN 20, khch hng 3 c S-VLAN 30 phn
bit lu lng ca tng khch hng. Khi n router ph nh cung dch v n s c loi
b v cng kt ni vo Internet.
Hnh 2.17: VLAN tag Translation/Swapping

2.2.4.8 Thuc tnh v gp nhm (Bundling Attribute)
Trong cu trc frame ca 802.1Q th c mt trng 12 bit l VLAN tag. Nhu vy
c ti a l 4096 VLAN cho mt min lp 2 (layer 2 domain). Vi tnh nng gp nhm,
c nhiu hn mt CE-VLAN c nh x vo mt EVC ti UNI. Khi tt c VLAN u
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c nh x vo mt EVC th EVC c thuc tnh gp nhm tt c trong mt (All-toone Bundling).
2.2.4.9 Thuc tnh bo mt (Security Fillters Attribute)
Mng Metro Ethernet cung cp mng ring o lp 2 (layer 2 VPN) nn nhng vn
an ninh tn ti ti lp 2 ny nh: T chi dch v (DoS: Denial of Service), trn ngp
MAC (MAC flooding), gi mo a ch MAC (MAC spoofing) cn c bit quan tm. Do
Ethernet Service s dng access list vi a ch MAC bo mt cho cc EVC. Nhng
a ch MAC tha mn Access List c th c cho php hoc khng cho php EVC .
2.3 CC YU CU V HIU NNG CHO MNG MAN-E
2.3.1 kh dng
kh dng ca dch v c din t thng qua mt s thuc tnh dch v sau:
Thi gian kch hot dch v ti giao din ngi dng mng (UNI): L thi gian
tnh t lc bt u c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti lc dch v
c kch hot v a vo s dng. Thi gian kch hot dch v trung bnh ca cc dch
v Ethernet ch cn vi gi, ngn hn rt nhiu so vi vi thng - khong thi gian cn
thit kch hot dch v mi i vi cc m hnh truyn thng truyn thng.
Thi gian trung bnh phc hi UNI: L thi gian tri qua tnh t lc m UNI
khng hot ng c th do s c xy ra, ti lc n c phc hi v tr li hot ng
bnh thng.
Thi gian kch hot dch v trn kt ni Ethernet o (EVC): L thi gian tnh
t lc bt u c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti lc dch v c
kch hot v a vo s dng. Hay c th hn, khong thi gian ny c tnh t lc bt
u c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti khi tt c cc UNI trn EVC
u c kch hot. Vi mt EVC a im, dch v c coi l sn sng c truyn khi
m tt c cc UNI thuc v EVC c kch hot v hot ng [1]. Tt c cc dch v
Ethernet u c cung cp cho khch hng thng qua cc kt ni Ethernet o (EVC).
Mt EVC c nh ngha l mt lin kt gia hai hay nhiu UNI, trong UNI l mt
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giao din chun v l im ranh gii gia thit b ca ngi dng v mng MEN ca nh
cung cp dch v .
Thi gian trung bnh phc hi EVC: L thi gian tri qua tnh t lc m EVC
khng hot ng c th do s c xy ra, ti lc n c phc hi v tr li hot ng
bnh thng.
2.3.2 tr khung
L thi gian k t thi im bit u tin ca khung dch v i vo UNI u vo,
cho ti lc bit cui cng ca khung c nhn xong ti UNI u ra [4]. y l mt tham
s quyt nh v c tc ng quan trng i vi cht lng dch v c bit i vi cc
ng dng thi gian thc nh thoi, video. Thi gian tr khung c phn thnh ba phn
A, B, C nh c m t trn hnh 2.18
tr A v B ph thuc vo tc lung d liu ti UNI, v kch c khung dch
v Ethernet. V d, nu nh tc d liu qui nh ti UNI bng 10 Mbit/s v kch c
khung l 1518 bytes th c A v B u bng 1.214 ms ti c hai u thit b khch hng
CE.
C l lng tr truyn ti d liu qua mng Metro Ethernet. N c nh cung cp
mng m t theo kiu thng k u n sau tng khong thi gian. Xem xt cho trng
hp truyn khung gia hai UNI vi tc 10Mbit/s, trong khong thi gian 5 pht c
1000 khung c truyn v tr ln nht trng hp ny l 15ms, hay ni cch khc C
= 15ms.
tr khung bng tng ca A, B v C. Theo gi thuyt trn, vi tc ti hai
UNI l 10Mbit/s, th A = B = 1.214ms. Nh vy tr khung tng cng l 17. 43ms.[2,7]
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Hnh 2.18: S phn chia tr trong mng
2.3.3 tri khung

tri khung, hay cn c hiu l bin ng tr, cng l mt tham s quyt
nh cho cc ng dng thi gian thc nh in thoi, video IP. Cc ng dng thi gian
thc ny yu cu tr thp v c gii hn m bo cht lng. Ni th khng phi
l ph nhn vai tr ca tham s ny i vi cc ng dng d liu khng yu cu thi gian
thc, vi cc ng dng ny n cng c nhng nh hng nht nh .
tri c nh ngha l s hay i tr ca mt tp cc khung dch v. tri
khung c th c p dng cho tt c cc khung dch v c truyn thnh cng trong
khong thi gian T tng ng vi mt lp dch v xc nh ca EVC im im.
tri khung c th c tnh ton trong khi o tr khung. Trong qu trnh tnh
ton tr khung, ta phi s dng cc mu tr khung v gi tr tri khung c xc
nh bng php tr gia khung c tr ln nht trong s cc khung ly mu (hay ni
cch khc l gi tr tr khung) v khung c tr nh nht. M t ngn gn vic tnh
ton tri khung bng cng thc di y:
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tr nh nht trong s cc
tri khung = tr khung
tr ca cc khung ly mu
Ta ly ngay v d tnh ton trn cho hai giao din 10Mbps, vi gi s trong s
cc khung ly mu, gi tr tr nh nht tnh ton c l 13ms. Nh vy tri khung
l: 17.43-13 = 4.43 ms.
2.3.4 T l tn tht khung
T l tn tht khung c nh ngha l t l phn trm s khung dch v tun th
tc thng tin tha thun song khng c truyn i gia cc UNI trong mt khong
thi gian cho trc. Hin nay MEF mi ch a ra nh ngha v t l tn tht khung cho
cc kt ni EVC im - im. T l tn tht khung cho EVC im - im c xc nh
theo cng thc sau:
L = [1-a/b] x 100
Trong : L l t l tn tht khung, a l s khung c chuyn n ch thnh cng

v b l tng s khung c gi t ngun.
V d: c 1000 khung dch v c truyn t UNI ngun ti UNI ch trong
khong thi gian 5 pht. Trong , c 990 s khung gi i l c truyn ti ch thnh
cng, nh vy t l tn tht khung trong trng hp ny s l: [1-990/1000]x100 = 1%.
T l tn tht khung c cc tc ng khc nhau ti cht lng dch v, ph thuc
vo kiu dch v, vo cc giao thc lp cao hn m dch v s dng. T l tn tht 1% l
chp nhn c vi dch v thoi qua IP (VoIP), song nu mt 3% th khng th chp
nhn c. Cc ng dng truyn theo lung c th cho php nhiu mc tn tht khc
nhau, v c b li bng cch iu chnh tc truyn dn khi pht hin mt gi. Cc
ng dng da trn giao thc TCP nh trnh duyt Web HTTP cho php nhiu mc tn
tht v n truyn li gi b mt khi pht hin ra c mt gi. Tuy nhin, nu nh t l mt
gi ln th nh hng xu n cht lng dch v ca khch hng .
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Kt lun chng 2
Trong chng 2 trnh by cc khi nim v mng MAN-E cng nh trnh by
chi tit v cc tham s hiu nng mng MAN-E. Cc tham s v t l mt khung, tr
khung da theo nh ngha ca din n MEF (Metro Ethernet Forum), Vi cc tham s
trn, vic nh gi v nhn bit cht lng dch v d dng v thun li hn cho khch
hng cng nh cho cc nh cung cp dch v. Trn c s , nh cung cp s a ra cc
lp dch v vi mc cht lng khc nhau tha mn nhng yu cu phc tp ca ngi
dng.
Ti Vit Nam VNPT l mt nh cung cp dch v Vin thng ln v ang trn khai
mng MAN-E vi quy m ln nht Vit Nam. Trong chng 3 xin c trnh by v m
hnh trin khai mng MAN-E ti VNPT Thi Nguyn t hnh dung ra ton th mng
MAN-E ca VNPT.
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CHNG 3: M HNH TRIN KHAI MNG MAN-E TI VNPT
3.1 KIN TRC MNG
M hnh trin khai h thng mng ca VNPT bao gm cc cng ty truyn ti
(VTN, VTI), cc cng ty cung cp dch v (VDC, VASC) v cc cng ty cung cp kt ni
n khch hng (cc cng ty vin thng tnh, thnh). H thng mng MAN-E c trin
khai ti cc cng ty vin thng tnh, thnh ph nhm cung cp kt ni n khch hng.
Hin ti VNPT ang xy dng h thng mng NGN bao gm mng li, mng bin, mng
MAN-E v mng access.
V c bn, h tng Mng MAN-E bao gm 5 phn lp:
-
Lp mng trc (IP/MPLS Core): hnh thnh mt li chuyn mch gi chung da

trn cng ngh MPLS, kt ni tt c cc tnh thnh trong c nc.
Lp mng bin (IP/MPLS Edge): x l thng tin trc khi core MPLS. Bc tch
nhn, gn nhn, thc hin prpvision dch v, thit lp QoS MPLS, traffic
engineering
Lp mng tp trung lu lng (IP/MPLS Aggregation over Ethernet): m bo tp

trung lu lng t cc mng truy cp (IP DSLAM, ETTx, UMTS) ti mng
trc (BRAS).
Lp mng truy cp (Access): cung cp kt ni dch v ti khch hng (cc dch v

Cable, xDSL, PON hay ETTx) thng qua cc thit b truy cp nh IP DSLAM,
ETTx, UMTS hay Ethernet Switches).
Lp mng bin khch hng (Subscriber Edge): ng vai tr bin mng pha khch
hng, cung cp kt ni ti lp truy cp ca nh cung cp dch v v cung cp dch
v cho nhng ngi s dng bn trong mng.
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Hnh 3.1: Cu trc phn lp mng MAN-E

3.2 MNG MAN-E DA TRN CNG NGH MPLS
Khng nh cch thc nh tuyn truyn thng, MPLS s dng cc nhn di
chuyn lu lng qua cc min (domain) MPLS. Khi cc gi i vo domain MPLS, cc
nhn c gn vo cc gi tn, v mi nhn (khng phi header IP) xc nh chng tip
theo. Cc nhn s c loi b ti li ra ca mi domain MPLS. Khi mt gi tin c gn
nhn n mt b phn nh tuyn chuyn mch nhn LSR (Label Switching Router), nhn
n s xc nh ng dn ca gi tin ny trong mng MPLS. Vic hng tip i theo
nhn MPLS s thay th nhn ny bng mt nhn ra thch hp v gi gi tin n chng tip
theo.
Cc nhn c gn vo cc gi tin da trn vic phn nhm hoc theo cc lp
tng ng chuyn hng i FEC (Forwarding Equivalence Classes). Cc gi tin thuc
v cng mt lp FEC s c x l nh nhau. H thng hng i v tra cu MPLS cho
php phng thc nh tuyn iu khin xc nh (Explicit Control Routing), da trn c
s a ch ngun v ch, cho php trin khai cc dch v IP mi trn mng. Chuyn mch
nhn tng c s dng cho k thut chuyn i. ATM s dng cng mt k thut
hng gi tin i thng qua trng nhn dng knh o/ ng dn o VPI/ VCI m khng
cn quan tm n ti (payload) IP.
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Hnh 3.2: Chn header trong MPLS

Tiu chun MPLS c IETF pht hnh, pht trin t chuyn mch nhn Cisco
(Cisco Tag Switching). IETF khuyn ngh s dng chuyn mch nhn da trn header
chn 32 bit bao gm nhn kch thc 20 bit, trng Exp 3 bit, trng Stack 1 bit, trng
TTL 8 bit nh trn hnh 3.2.
Hnh 3.3: Gi tin gn nhn MPLS

Trng stack 1 bit s dng ch th rng n y ca stack s dng trong
trng hp cc nhn c t chc theo ngn xp (tc l MPLS VPN hoc bo v tuyn
kt ni). Cc bit Exp s dng Mang thng tin lin quan n cht lng dch v. Cc
nhn c chn thm vo gia header lp 2 vo lp 3 hoc trong trng VCI/VPI trn
cc mng ZTM nh hnh 3.3.
3.2.1 Thit k lu lng MPLS
Mc d chuyn mch nhn cung cp cc cng ngh nn cho vic hng i gi tin
thng qua cc mng MPLS, th cng khng th cung cp tt c cc thnh phn h tr
thit k lu lng nh l chnh sch thit k lu lng. Thit k lu lng TE (Traffic
Engineering) nhm n qu trnh la chn cc ng dn c chn bi lu lng d
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liu thun tin cho cc qu trnh khai thc mng tin cy v hiu qu, trong khi ti u
ng thi vic s dng c hin qu ti nguyn v hiu sut thc hin lu lng. Mc ch
ca TE l tnh ton ng dn t nt ny n nt kia sao cho ng dn khng vi
phm cc rng buc nh cc yu cu v qun tr/ bng thng v l ti u theo mt s
thc o v hng. Mt khi ng dn c tnh, TE c trch nhim cho vic thit lp
v duy tr trng thi hng i km theo ng dn .
Cc thnh phn thit k lu lng
B nh tuyn c kh nng h tr MPLS c gi l b nh tuyn chuyn mch
nhn LSR. B nh tuyn LSR ng trc b nh tuyn LSR cui cng trong mt mng
MPLS c gi l chng p cht. Mi ng dn MPLS u cui u cui c gi l
ng dn chuyn mch nhn LSP (Label Switching Path). Mi ng dn LSP bt u
ti b nh tuyn LSR v kt thc ti b nh tuyn cui.
Cc giao thc nh tuyn gateway bn trong IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol)
khng kh nng cho vic thit k lu lng. Quyt nh nh tuyn hu ht l da trn
cc thut ton ng dn ngn nht m ni chung s dng cc thc o thm vo nhng
khng tnh n mc cn d bng thng hoc c tnh lu lng. Cch d nht cung
cp cc tnh nng ny l s dng m hnh xp chng (overlay) cho php cc topology
o trn mng vt l. Mi topology o c xy dng t cc ng kt ni o hin ra nh
l cc ng kt ni vt l theo giao thc nh tuyn. Hn na, m hnh xp chng cn
c kh nng cung cp:
nh tuyn trn c s rng buc.
Chc nng lp chnh sch lu lng v ti lu lng.
Kh nng tn ti ca cc ng kt ni vt l
Cc kh nng ny cho php di chuyn d dng lu lng t ng kt ni b nghn

sang ng kt ni t nghn hn. MPLS l mt m hnh xp chng s dng bi TE, n
cung cp:
Cc ng dn chuyn mch nhn xc nh khng b rng buc nh cc giao

thc nh tuyn IGP truyn thng.
Cc ng dn chuyn mch nhn LSP c th c duy tr c hiu qu.
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Cc ng trc lu lng c th c khi to, v nh x vo cc ng dn

LSP.
Mt tp cc thuc tnh c th lin quan n cc ng trc lu lng.
Tp cc thuc tnh c th lin quan n cc ti nguyn m rng buc vic sp

t cc ng dn LSP v cc ng trc lu lng i qua chng.
MPLS cho php c vic tp hp v phn tn lu lng khi m vic hng i gi

tin IP, da trn c s ch, ch cho php tp hp. nh tuyn trn c s rng buc v
bo v ng trc c th tch hp d dng qua MPLS, Cc thnh phn sau c tc ng
n vic h tr qu trnh TE:
Phn tn thng tin gi thng tin v topology mng v cc rng buc gn lin
vi cc tuyn kt ni (tc bng thng).
Thut ton la chn ng dn tnh ton v la chn cc ng tt nht tha

mn cc rng buc.
Khi to tuyn s dng giao thc RSVP TE m rng bo hiu khi to

cc ng dn chuyn mch LSP.
iu khin chp nhn ng kt ni - quyt nh ng hm no c th c ti

nguyn.
iu khin TE thit lp v duy tr cc ng trc.
Hng d liu dc theo ng dn.
Vic phn tn thng tin trong TE ph thuc vo cc giao thc IGP phn tn/
trn ngp d liu lin quan n ti nguyn cn di d ca cc tuyn kt ni bao gm bng
thng (phn cp t 0 n 7), cc thuc tnh ng kt ni, Vic phn tn thng tin thc
hin trn mi SLR theo chu k hoc theo s kin no nh thay i bng thng, cu
hnh ng kt ni, hng hc.
Thut ton trn c s rng buc s dng tm ng dn tt nht cho mi ng
hm LSP. N l c sp t b b nh tuyn pha u ca ng hm ch khi cn mt
ng hm mi hoc ng dn chuyn mch nhn ca ng trc hin c b hng hoc
cn ti u li ng trc hin c.
Lun vn thc s
62
B nh tuyn pha u s bt u qu trnh bo hiu khi to ng dn ngn nht
c rng buc tc l mt LSP. Thit lp ng dn da trn cc bn tin RSVP TE. Mt
giao thc khc l CR LDP cng c s dng cho vic bo hiu khi to ng.
Tuy nhin LDP hot ng theo kiu connectionless, do vy trong nhiu trng hp
m bo cht lng dch v, giao thc RSVP c s dng thay th
3.2.2 Hi phc ng hm
tin cy ca mng l phn bt buc i vi mng tc cao, m bo cht
lng dch v. S gin on c th xy ra v nhng l do nh tc nghn trn ng LSP
no , ng kt ni hng, nt mng hng hoc thay i qun tr trn mt LSP no .
Mt trong nhng tnh nng ph bin nht ca MPLS TE l kh nng cung cp lu
lng khng b gin on qua mt LSP. Bo v ng dn (path protection) c th t
c ti nhiu lp khc nhau trong ngn xp giao thc:
Lp vt l (nh SONET vi chin lc APS Automatic Protection Switch).
IP (nh giao thc nh tuyn IGP, BGP thay i chng k tip nu nh c thay
i v topology).
MPLS (thc hin bi b nh tuyn pha u ph thuc vo s thay i

topology).
Trong ng cnh ang xt l MPLS TE, c mt s la chn cho vic hi phc

ng dn.
nh tuyn li t b nh tuyn pha u (head end reroute).
nh tuyn nhanh li trn c s bo v tuyn kt ni Fast reroute (link

protection).
nh tuyn nhanh li trn c s bo v nt Fast reroute (node protection).
3.2.2.1 inh tuyn li t b nh tuyn pha u

Qu trnh ny c tnh n khi c mt trong hai s kin: thng bo t RSVP TE
rng ng dn khng cn duy tr c (tc l nghn) hoc thng bo bi IGP v s thay
i topology mng. Ph thuc vo tng s kin, b nh tuyn pha u s xy dng li
c s d liu TE mi sau khi ct b cc tuyn kt ni hoc cc vng hng, nghn, bo
Lun vn thc s
63
hiu li mt ng dn mi vi kiu shared explicit. Kiu ny cho php ng dn
mi c lp nn trn c s c th s dng mt s tuyn kt ni c.
Do qu trnh thc hin nh tuyn li lin quan n nhiu qu trnh x l khc nhau
nn thng thng thi gian cho vic nh tuyn li theo phng n ny c th ln n vi
giy. Thi gian tiu tn ny khng thch hp cho mt s ng dng. Trong khi MPLS
FRR cung cp c cu bo v nhanh hn nhiu (di 50msm tuy rng thi gian tng cng
c th ln hn hoc nh hn 50ms cn ty thuc vo phn cng, s lng ng hm v
s lng mng trong ).
3.2.2.2 Bo v tuyn kt ni FRR
FRR (Fast ReRoute) thit lp th tc cho php nh tuyn li xung quanh tuyn kt
ni b hng. ng dn LSP c inh tuyn n chng tip theo s dng ng hm d
phng c xc lp trc. ng hm d phng phi c cu hnh sao cho LSP c
th n c b nh tuyn pha di chng tip theo m khng i qua tuyn kt ni
ang hng. FRR cho vic bo v tuyn kt ni ch phc v cho vic bo v tuyn kt ni
xc nh.
Hnh 3.4: Lung gi tin/nhn khi thc hin FRR cho bo v tuyn kt ni
Nh hnh 3.4 trn c th thy tuyn kt ni t R2 sang R3 c d phng FRR.
Khi xut hin s c trn tuyn kt ni R2 v R3, cc gi tinh i t R1 n R6 s c
chuyn sang ng d phng theo tun t R1, R2, R4, R3, R5, R6. Khi nhn cho cc
gi tin t R2 n R3 c gn l 2001 trong trng hp bnh thng s c bo ton v
c bao bi nhn 1200 khi chuyn n R4. Ti R4 nhn 40 s c loi b v gi tin li
c nhn 2001 chuyn n R3.
Lun vn thc s
64
3.2.2.3 Bo v nt FRR
Hnh 3.5: Lung gi tin/nhn khi thc hin FRR cho bao v nt
Nh hnh 3.5 cho thy ng dn dch v LSP l R1, R2, R3, R5, R6. Nu k
hoch bo v nt R3 thc hin th c th c cc ng d phng cng qua nt R3 nh
sau: 1) R2, R4, R5, R3 hoc 2) R2, R4, R5. Trong trng hp u, ng dn LSP d
phng s l R1, R2, R4, R5, R5, R5, R6. Tuy nhin trong trng hp ny ng kt ni
R3 v R5 lu lng trn b nhn i, v vy khng phi l phng n ti u.
Trng hp sau khi ng dn d phng l R1, R2, R4, R5, R6 l ti u v c gi l
d phng theo chng tip tip theo hay bo v nt. Bo v nt thc s l phc tp hn
bo v khi R2 cn phi bit v nhn c s dng trn tuyn kt ni l R3 v R5, khi R5
mong mun nhn c nhn chnh xc d thng qua ng d phng. Vic s dng mt
i tng m rng Route Record s cho php R2 hc c nhn ny.
3.2.3 H tr cht lng dch v trong mng MPLS
C hai loi kin trc b sung cho kh nng cht lng dch v QoS l cc
dch v tch hp (IntServ) v cc dch v phn bit (DiffServ). Cc dch v IntServ duy tr
cht lng dch v QoS u cui u cui cho mi mt hoc mt nhm lung (flow)
vi s tr gip ca giao thc RSVP. Trong m hnh DiffServ, mi gi tin khi vo mng
h tr DiffServ s c nhm li thnh mt s cc lp nh. Mi lp c mu hoc c
nh du lin quan (s dng cc bit DSCP). y chnh l vic phn loi gi tin c kh
nng m rng v m bo bng thng cng nh tr xc nh mng li. Mi nt mng
trong mng li s c p t cc chnh sch b bt hoch xp hng khc nhau cho mi
gi tin, da trn du m gi tin mang (x l theo tng chng PHB Per Hop Behavior).
Lun vn thc s
65
3.2.3.1 MPLS kt hp DiffServ
Trong kin trc MPLS v DiffServ, cc gi tin c nh du vi DSCP s i vo
mng MPLS v phng thc PHB l p t bi mi LSR dc theo ng dn gi tin. Khi
cc LSR khng bit cht no v header IP, phng thc PHB t c bng cch xem xt
cc thng tin khc. C hai cch tip cn thng c s dng nh du lu lng qua
mng MPLS trong vn x l QoS. Trong phng thc th nht, thng tin mu
DiffServ c nh x vo trng EXP ca header chn MPLS. Trng ny cho php
nh du ln n 8 loi cht lng dch v so vi 64 i vi trng DSCP trong gi tin
IP. Vic qun l cc gi tin (PHB) ti mi chng trong mng MPLS c lm da trn
trng EXP. Cc ng dn chuyn mch nhn LSP m s dng cch tip cn ny c
gi l E-LSP, thng tin QoS c ly ra t cc bit EXP. Mt cch khc, mi nhn
lin quan vi mt gi tin MPLS Mang mt phn ca du DiffServ m xc nh gi tin s
c xp hng nh th no. Phn u tin b bt ca du DiffServ c Mang cc bit EXP
(nu header chn MPLS c dng) hoc trn trng no dng cho mc ch ny ca
cng ngh lp di (bit CLP mng ATM hay bit DE trn mng Frame Relay). B nh
tuyn LSR u vo s xem xt cc bit DSCP trong header IP (tng t nh cc bit
CLP/DE trong mng ATM/Frame Relay) v la chn mt ng dn LSP m c
cung cp cho mc cht lng dch v QoS . Ti b nh tuyn u ra, nhn l c b
i gi tin vi cc bit DSCP nh ban u c gi n chng IP tip theo. Cc ng dn
chuyn mch nhn LSP s dng cc tip cn ny gi l cc ng dn L-LSP, thng
tin v cht lng dch v c suy ra mt phn t nhn MPLS.
TE khng phn bit cc loi lu lng. mang lu lng d liu v thoi trn
cng mt mng, c th cn phi tnh ring mc lu lng thoi c truyn trn mng
dung cp nhng m bo kht khe hn v cht lng dch v.
3.2.3.2 Thit k lu lng TE nhn bit v DiffServ (DS-TE)
DS-TE khng ch cho php vic cu hnh trn vng global cho vic tnh n bng
thng m cn cho php cu hnh trn vng ph (sub-pool) hn ch m c th s dng cho
lu lng mng c mc phn cp cao hn nh thoi hoc cc ng dng khc. Bng
thng cn d c trn vng global v vng ph hn ch l c qung co bi IGP LSA
Lun vn thc s
66
hoc TLV, m bo rng b nh tuyn LSR c c thng tin v bng thng cn d khi
chp nhn cc ng dn LSP mi cho thoi hoc cc lu lng phn cp cao. Vi cch
thc ny, cc nh cung cp dch v, ph thuc v mc SLA c th la chn t
trc nhnh hn cht cc lp phn cp thp hoc thm ch t trc thp hn lu lng c
u tin cao hn tng thch vi cc yu cu v cht lng dch v.
DiffServ-TE tng cng cho MPLS thc hin nh tuyn c rng buc (tnh ton
ng dn) trn mt tp xc nh (hn ch) cc vng ph m bng thng c dnh
ring cho lu lng c phn cp cao. Kh nng ny tha mn nhiu hn rng buc v
bng thng hn ch s chuyn thnh kh nng t c cht lng dch v cao hn (v
kha cnh tr, jitter hoc mt gi tin) cho lu lng s dng vng ph.
DS-TE lin quan n vic m rng OSPF v IS-IS bng thng cn d trn vng
ph ti mi mc u tin l c qung co km thm vi bng thng vng global ti
mi mc u tin. Hn na, DS-TE thay i vic nh tuyn c rng buc tnh n
cc thng tin cn qung co phc tp hn, trong qu trnh tnh ton ng dn. Vic s
dng c trng vi DS-TE l cho cc dch v m phng ng knh thu ring hoc
ng trc cho toll bypass/thoi, khi m kt ni im im m bo tha mn cc iu
kin bin ca jitter v tr/bng thng.
3.3 PHNG N KT NI, QUN L
3.3.1 Phng n kt ni
Mng truy nhp ca Metro Ethernet c th xy dng vi topology hnh cy, vng, li
hoc lai ghp hn hp. Mng c kh nng hi phc trong trng hp c s c v tuyn
cp, nt chuyn mch nhm m bo cht lng dch v. Mi mng truy nhp c xy
dng c th tri rng trn a bn mt s huyn hoc mt s qun ti trung tm, mt s
khu cng nghip ph thuc vo cc s liu d bo v tc pht trin thu bao.
Mng li ca Metro Ethernet c th thit k trn c s mng vng ring hoc mng li
nhm m bo kh nng d phng ca mng li trong trng hp c s c. Tc
chuyn mch ti cc nt mng li ln n hng chc Gbps v lu lng chuyn trn cc
Lun vn thc s
67
tuyn kt ni ca mng li c th t n hng chc Gbps. Cc nt mng li c t ti
cc im trung tm lu lng, thng cc a im tp trung dn c v khu cng nghip
Hnh 3.6: M hnh kt ni mng MAN-E vi mng ng trc

Hnh 3.6 minh ha v phng n kt ni gia cc mng Metro Ethernet ca mi
tnh vi h thng mng trc trn c nc. Phn phi trn ca mn hnh IP/MPLS
backbone, th hin mng trc c vai tr cho vic kt ni gia cc mng Metro Ethernet
ti mi Vin thng tnh. Phn pha di ca hnh m t m hnh mng Metro Ethernet ca
mi tnh.
i vi cc loi dch v nh truy cp Internet, mng Metro Ethernet ti mi tnh s
cung cp mt s tuyn kt ni BRAS phc v vic truy cp.
i vi cc loi dch v nh VLAN phc v trao i d liu m cc khch hng
nm phn tn trn cc tnh khc nhau, hoc cc dch v VoD, IPTV, mng Metro Ethernet
cung cp cc kt ni n thit b PE (Provider Edge).
3.3.2 Phng n qun l mng
Mi tnh s c trang b mt h thng qun l v c mt b phn k thut qun l
vi vai tr qun l cu hnh thit b, li cho cc h thng thit b m tnh c u t.
Vic thit lp cc dch v chung nh IPTV, VoD hoc cc dch v nh VLAN lin quan
n cc khch hng thuc tnh s do b phn qun l ca tnh m nhim.
Lun vn thc s
68
Ton b mng cn n mt b phn qun l chung trn ton mng. B phn ny c
nhim v gii quyt cc vn k thut chung cho ton mng hoc c th h tr cho cc
b phn k thut di vin thng tnh. i vi cc dch v phn b tri rng trn ton
quc cn c s phi hp gia b phn k thut trung tm v cc b phn k thut ti cc
n v tnh.
Gii php qun l mng p ng c cc tnh nng c bn sau:
Layer 2 Provisioning: cho php nh khai thc d dng to cc kt ni lp 2, VPN
lp 2 bng cc giao din ha thun tin. Chc nng ny cng cho php to cc
chnh sch bo mt hay cht lng dch v QoS.
Layer 3 Provisioning: cho php nh khai thc d dng to cc kt ni lp 3, VPN
lp 3 bng cc giao din ha thun tin. Chc nng ny cng cho php to cc
chnh sch bo mt hay cht lng dch v QoS.
Traffic Engineering: cho php h thng trao i vi cc thit b mng to v thay
i cc tuyn TE vi cc tnh nng cao cp. Thng thng cc tnh ton phc tp
ny phi lm bi cc nh thit k tuyn, sau np d liu v cu hnh thit b.
Module ny c cc thut ton rt phc tp h tr nh khai thc to kt ni, c bo
v, cht lng dch v.
MPLS Diagnostic: cho php thc hin cc cng vic tm li khi c s c trn VPN,
TE
3.4 H THNG QUN L IU KHIN MNG MAN-E
H thng MAN-E ca VNPT c xy dng trn cng ngh ca hai nh cung cp
l Cisco v Huawei trong khun kh ca lun vn ti xin trnh by h thng qun l
iu khin mng MAN-E EMS N2000 ca Huawei. H thng bao gm cc chc nng sau
3.4.1 Qun l topo mng
Chc nng ny ca h thng cho php xy dng v qun l topo mng. Ngi
dng c th xem c quan h gia cc thit b trn mng v c mt giao din trc quan
cu hnh thit b.
Lun vn thc s
69
H thng c kh nng thng k s lng v thng tin trng thi thit b bng mu
sc hin th trn s .
H thng c th t ng pht hin thit b mi c thm vo 1 node mng.
Hnh 3.7: Topo mng MAN-E
3.4.2 Qun l ti nguyn

Chc nng ny c mc ch thu thp thng tin v thit b trn ton b mng do h
thng qun l qun l, gip ngi dng c th bit thng tin v cc thay i v ti nguyn
mng: thng tin v s lng frame, slot, board, subcard, port trn thit b.
H thng c kh nng sp xp thit b theo hnh cy (resource tree).
Ngi dng c th tm theo tn, kiu, nhm, a ch IP, trng thi.
3.4.3 Qun l li
Chc nng ny gip gim st mng theo thi gian thc. Cc thit b gi thng tin
cnh bo ln h thng bng giao thc SNMP v1, v2, v3.
H thng c kh nng phn tch nguyn nhn gy ra cnh bo, ch ra mc
nghim trng ca cnh bo (bng mu sc).
Lun vn thc s
70
3.4.4 Qun l hiu nng
Chc nng ny qun l s vn hnh ca ti nguyn trn mng (cho bit thng s %
CPU, b nh, , s lt truy nhp, s phin PPPoE,).
Cho php t cc thng s vn hnh gii hn. H thng s gi cnh bo khi thng
s vn hnh vt qu gii hn.
Ngoi ra, h thng cn gim st c lu lng mng v thng s SLA: tr, mt
gi tin ICMP, TCP, UDP, SNMP, mt gi tin d liu gia cc node mng, tr kt ni,
3.4.5 Qun l bo mt
Chc nng ny gip h thng qun l ngi dng, qun l mt khu, nhn thc,
cp quyn cho ngi dng.
C th ghi li qu trnh lm vic ca ngi dng.
Cho php ngi qun tr buc ngi dng khc phi ng xut khi h thng khi
nhn thy h thng b nguy him. H thng c kh nng kha client khng cn c
quyn truy nhp vo h thng.
3.4.6 Qun l cu hnh
Chc nng ny gip qun l s lng frame, board, port, trn thit b.
Cc interface c h thng qun l bao gm: Ethernet, POS, interface o: sub-interface,
trunk interface, loopback interface,
Qun l VLAN, QinQ, ACL, QoS, HqoS,...
3.4.7 Cu hnh dch v qua giao din ho (provisiong)
H thng h tr vic cu dch v VPN qua giao din ho :
To tunnel policy
To PW
To VSI
To VRF
Lun vn thc s
71
3.4.8 Cu hnh trn thit b mng (cc router NE40E)
h thng qun l c cc thng s ca mng trc tin ta phi cu hnh cc
tham s trn thit b mng
Cu hnh SNMP trn cc router NE40E .
Trong trng hp c t access-list th phi permit cho a ch server
123.29.0.162
H thng EMS c trin khai theo m hnh Client - Server My ch ca h thng
t ti cng ty vin thng lin tnh VTN , cc h thng Client c t ti cc VNPT tnh
thnh c kt ni vi nhau thng qua kt ni VPN. H thng c giao cho VTN qun
l v phn quyn ty theo chc nng nhim v. Do c thit k nh trn l gip cho mng
MAN-E ca VNPT c s ng b, thng nht gia cc VNPT tnh thnh ph vi mng
ng trc ca VTN.
3.5 XY DNG MNG MAN-E VNPT THI NGUYN
Mng MAN-E ca VNPT c tun th nghim tc theo cc quy nh, tiu chun
ca tp on VNPT. Thit b mng MAN-E ti VNPT l thit b ca tp on Huawei
Trung Quc. mng c xy dng theo cc bc sau:
3.5.1 nh hng xy dng mng MAN-E
Mng MAN-E ca VNPT Thi Nguyn c xy xng da theo nh hng nh sau:
Xy dng cu trc mng MAN-E v trin khai mng truy nhp quang, chun b tt
h tng sn sng cung cp cc dch v bng rng, dch v tc cao.
Dung lng mng MAN-E c xy dng p ng nhu cu d bo pht trin
cc dch v: Internet, truyn s liu, dch v bng rng v dch v thoi (trn c s
thit b MSAN trang b mi).
Cu trc mng MAN-E v truy nhp quang trong giai on u gm cc phn sau:
Mng MAN-E Ethernet, lm chc nng thu gom lu lng ca cc thit b

mng truy nhp (MSAN/IP-DSLAM), lu lng cc khch hng kt ni trc
Lun vn thc s
72
tip vo mng MAN-E chuyn ti lu lng trong ni tnh, ng thi kt ni
ln mng trc IP/MPLS NGN chuyn lu lng i lin tnh, i quc t.
H thng mng cp quang truy nhp, c s dng kt ni cc thit b mng
MAN-E v cung cp cp quang truy nhp n cc ta nh, khu cng nghip,
khu ch xut v cc khch hng ln.
3.5.2 nh c mng MAN-E
Mng MAN-E VNPT Thi Nguyn c nh c da trn cc tham s u vo,
cc phng php tnh c mng MAN-E da trn tng dch v c th nh sau:
3.5.2.1 Cc tham s u vo tnh kch c mng MAN-E

Cc thng s s lng: POTS port, ADSL 2+ port, SHDSL port, VDSL2 v
Ethernet port l tng s lng port tng ng kt ni n mt thit b Carrier Ethernet
Switch (CES) ca mng MAN-E.
S liu POTS port d bo l s lng thu bao POTS tng ng s c trin
khai trn cc thit b MSAN.
S liu Ethernet port d bo ca CES bao gm: s lng thu bao s dng kt
ni Ethernet, 2 port kt ni cho mi MSAN kt ni vo CES , cc port kt
ni CES vi cc thit b CES khc.
S liu ADSL2+, SHDSL, VDSL d bo l s lng thu bao s trin khai trn
MSAN hoc IP DSLAM.
Da trn nhu cu d bo dung lng cng POTS, ADSL2+, SHDSL, VDSL2,
Ethernet (thu bao s dng kt ni Ethernet ch yu phc v cho cc vng trung tm tnh,
huyn, th x v c nhu cu dch v bng rng) d bo v tnh ton nng lc mng,
t c k hoch xy dng mng ph hp.
Bng cc tham s u vo ca mng MAN-E VNPT Thi Nguyn c th hin
chi tit ti ph lc 01: Bng ch s u vo
3.5.2.2Phng php tnh kch c mng MANMAN-E

Lu lng thoi (A)
Lun vn thc s
73
Cc ch s
S lng kt ni ng thi: CC = 10%
S % thu bao s dng dch v thoi codec G.711: a1 = 80%
S % thu bao s dng dch v thoi codec G.729: a2 = 20%
Dung lng bng thng dng cho dch v thoi vi codec l G.711 (64kbit/s)
A1 = a1 x POTS port x CC x 126 (kbit/s)
Dung lng bng thng dng cho dch v thoi vi codec l G.729 (8kbit/s)
A2 = a2 x POTS port x % CC x 39 (kbit/s)
Tng lu lng thoi:
A = A1 + A2 = [CC x (a1 x 126 + a2 x 39) / 1024 ] x POTS (Mbit/s)
Lu lng Internet (B)
Cc ch s S dng kt ni ADSL 2+ v SHDSL
i vi khch hng Residential (H gia nh)
S lng kt ni ng thi chim bng thng truy nhp Internet: CC1 =
20%
T l thu bao l Residential: URr = 90%
Bng thng trung bnh cho truy nhp: bw1 = 100 (kbit/s)
Ring i vi cc n v: B HNI, Tp. HCM, HPG, CTO, NG tnh:
bw1 = 200 (kbit/s)
B1= CC1 x URr x bw1/1024 x (ADSL 2+ port + SHDSL port)
i vi khch hng Bussiness (cc cng ty, doanh nghip)
70%
T l thu bao l Business: URb = 10%
B2 = CC2 x URb x bw2/1024 x (ADSL 2+ port + SHDSL port)
Tng lu lng s dng kt ni ADSL 2+ v SHDSL:
B1= B1+B2 = (b1+b2) x DSL port (Mbit/s)
Lun vn thc s
74
Trong : b1 = CC1 x URr x bw1/1024 ; b2 = CC2 x URb x bw2/1024 v
DSL port= ADSL 2+ port + SHDSL port
S dng kt ni Ethernet
80%
B3 = CC3 x bw3/1024 x Ethernet port = b3 x Ethernet port (Mbit/s)
Trong : b3= CC3 x bw3/1024
S dng kt ni VDSL2:
80%
B4 = CC4 x bw4/1024 x VDSL2 port = b4 x VDSL2 port (Mbit/s)
Tng lu lng Internet:
B= B1 +B3 + B4 (Mbit/s)
Lu lng dch v VPN (C)

Cc ch s:
S dng kt ni ADSL 2+:
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v ADSL2+ VPN: cw1= 640 (kbit/s)
T l thu bao ADSL2+ s dng dch v VPN: URa= 1%
T l chim bng thng ng thi l 70%
C1= cw1/1024 x URa x ADSL 2+ port x 70% = c1 x ADSL 2+ port x 70%
S dng kt ni SHDSL:
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v SHDSL VPN:
cw2= 1024 (kbit/s)
Lun vn thc s
75
C2= c2 x SHDSL port x 70%
Trong : c2= cw2/1024
S dng kt ni Ethernet:
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v Ethernet VPN: cw3= 5 (Mbit/s)
C3= c3 x Ethernet port x 70%
Trong : c3= cw3
S dng kt ni VDSL2:
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v VDSL2 VPN: cw4=2 (Mbit/s)
C4= c4 x VDSL2 port
Trong : c4= cw4
Nh vy tng bng thng dch v VPN: C= C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 (Mbit/s)
Dung lng dch v VoD (D)
Cc ch s:
S dng kt ni ADSL 2+:
S % thu bao s dng dch v VoD: Su1=5%
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v VoD: dw1=2048 (kbit/s)
% thu bao chim bng thng: URv1= 10%
D1= Su1 x dw1/1024 x URv1 x ADSL 2+ port = d1 x ADSL 2+ port
Trong : d1 = Su1 x dw1/1024 x URv1
S dng kt ni VDSL2 :
S % thu bao s dng dch v VoD: Su2 = 50%
Lun vn thc s
76
Bng thng trung bnh cho dch v VoD: dw2=2048 (kbit/s)
% thu bao chim bng thng: URv2= 10%
D2= Su2 x dw2/1024 x URv2 x VDSL2 port = d2 x VDSL 2 port
Trong : d2 = Su2 x dw2/1024 x URv2
Tng bng thng s dng dch v VoD: D= D1 + D2 (Mbit/s)
Dung lng dch v IPTV (E)
Cc ch s:
Tng knh ca dch v IPTV: Ch= 100
Bng thng trung bnh cho 1 knh: ew1=2048(Kbit/s)
Bng thng s dng dch v IPTV: E= ew1/1024 x Ch (Mbit/s)
Kch c mng MAN
Tng dung lng thu bao trn CES
CS = (A + B + C + D + E) (Mbit/s)
Tng bng thng ca mt Ring Access
R = CSi
Trong : CSi l dung lng cc node thuc cng mt Ring Access (Khng k
Node Core)
Yu cu bng thng thc t ca mt Ring Access:
RT= R x 100/70 (Mbit/s)
Yu cu bng thng thc t ca mt Node Core:
RTNodeCore= CSNodeCore x 100/70
Bng thng yu cu ti Ring core
Lun vn thc s
77
RC = RTj (Ton b phn lu lng ca Node Core u ni ln NGN
trc v ton b phn lu lng Internet ca Ring Access cha Node Core )
Trong RTj bao gm bng thng ca tt c cc Ring Access v cc Node
Core
Yu cu v kh nng chuyn mch ca thit b CES
i vi Node Core:
Node Core m c kt ni trc tip ln mng NGN trc: S = RTj x 6; F =
S/(8*64)
Node Core khng c kt ni trc tip ln mng NGN trc: S = RC x 6; F =
S/(8*64)
Cc Node khng thuc Core: S = RT * 6; F = S/(8*64)
Dung lng kt ni lin tnh: 20% lu lng thoi v VPN v ton b lu
lng cn li.
Da trn cc cng thc nh c mng v cc d bo dung lng bng thng kt ni
trn mng MAN-E (ti ph luc 02: D bo mng MAN-E VNPT Thi Nguyn giai on
2010-2011) tnh c dung lng ni ca cc dch v trn mng MAN-E ca VNPT
Thi Nguyn giai on 2010 2011. Chi tit ti ph lc 03: Tnh dung lng MAN-E
VNPT Thi Nguyn giai on 2010 2011.
Cn c vo kt qu tnh dung lng ca cc dch v, mng truyn dn MAN-E
c t chc thnh 5 vng Ring bao gm 14 UPE, 02 PE-AGG.
Cc vng Ring c th nh sau:
Ring 1: Thi Nguyn i T - Thi Nguyn.
Ring 2: Thi Nguyn n i T - Thi Nguyn.
Ring 3: Thi Nguyn ng H - La Hin Tri Cau Ph Bnh Thi
Nguyn.
Lun vn thc s
78
Ring 4: Thi Nguyn Ph Lng nh Ha Bnh Yn i T - Thi
Nguyn.
Ring 5: Thi Nguyn Lu Xc Sng Cng Ph Yn Bc Sn i
T - Thi Nguyn.
Hnh nh chi tit v Mng MAN-E ca VNPT Thi Nguyn v cc vng Ring
c th hin ti ph lc 04: Cu trc mng MAN-E VNPT Thi Nguyn giai on
20102011
Bng 3.1: Danh sch cc Node MANE
TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
II
Tn trm
Thi
Nguyn
Thi Nguyn
n
ng H
La Hin
Tri Cau
Ph Bnh
i T
Bnh Yn
nh Ha
Ph Lng
Lu X
Sng Cng
Ph Yn
Bc Sn
i T
Tng s
Chc nng
u
ni
BRAS
(GE/
10GE)
u
ni PE
(GE/
10GE)
S
dng
3/0
1/0
17
1/0
2/0
40
8
13
9
5
10
11
6
9
13
21
9
11
8
8
218
PE-AGG
UPE Ring 1
UPE Ring 2
UPE Ring 3
UPE Ring 4
UPE Ring 5
PE-AGG
2/0
5/0
GE Port
Cha
s
dng
7
8
16
11
15
7
14
13
6
15
11
15
25
1
4
4
142
10 GE Port
Cha
s
dng
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
dng
Lun vn thc s
79
Hnh 3.8 S mng MAN-E Thi Nguyn giai on 2010 2011

Kt lun chng 3
Trong chng 3 trnh by v m hnh trin khai mng Metro Ethernet ti VNPT v
c th l VNPT Thi Nguyn, l mt nh cung cp dch v ang trin khai mng MAN-E
ln nht ti Vit Nam. T m hnh ny chng ta thy rng mng MAN-E c nhim v tp
trung lu lng rt ln t lp access chuyn ln lp Core. Vic x l lu lng, p
dng chnh sch cht lng dch v, khi to cc dch v u nng mng MAN-E. V
vy h thng mang MAN-E cn m bo c hiu v tin cy cao.
Lun vn thc s
80
KT LUN V NGH
Nhu cu s dng nhiu loi hnh dch v tc cao vi mt ng truyn bng
rng t nh cung cp dch v vin thng ngy cng ln. c bit trong nm 2010 dch v
IPTV v cc dch v bng rng trn mng di ng 3G pht trin mt cch mnh m dn
n nhu cu v mt mng truyn s liu tc cao tht s l vn cp thit ca cc nh
cung cp dch v. Mng MAN-E v ang c trin khai vi quy m trn ton quc s
p ng c nhu cu hin ti v d phng trong tng lai.
Lun vn trnh by c cc khi nim v mng MAN-E cng nh cc dch v
s c cung cp thng qua h thng mng ny. Mng MAN-E l phn khc nm gia
lp Core v lp Access, c chc nng tp trung lu lng v thc hin cc chc nng
m bo yu cu v cht lng dch v cho khch hng.
Lun vn Cng ngh mng MAN-E v ng dng cng trnh by c m
hnh trin khai mng MAN-E ti Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam VNPT, mt
nh cung cp dch v c th phn ln nht ti Vit Nam, nhm nh gi vai tr ca mng
MAN-E trong m hnh cung cp dch v ca VNPT. Lun vn cung cp nhng kin thc
c bn nht ca mng MAN-E cung nh m hnh trin khai thc t. T tin hnh nh
c, tnh ton ln phng n trin khai mng MAN-E ti VNPT Thi Nguyn trong gian
on 2010-2011 nhm p ng cho nhu cu bng thng ngy cng ln, cht lng dch v
khng ngng c nng cao ca mng li vin thng.
Vi s hiu bit cn hn ch, lun vn c th cn nhin thiu st. Ti rt mong
mun nhn c s ng gp kin ca qu thy c gio, bn b, ng nghip.
Lun vn thc s
81
TI LIU THAM KHO
Ting Vit
1. Nguyn Huy Thnh (2006), Nghin cu la chn cng ngh v gii php xy dng
mng MAN trn cp quang, lun vn thc s k thut, Hc vin cng ngh bu chnh vin
thng.
2. TS.Nguyn Qu Minh Hin, TS. Kim Bng (2002), Mng vin thng th h sau ,
NXB Bu IN.
Ting Anh
3. Sam Halabi (2003), Metro Ethernet, Cisco Press.
4. MEF forum (2003), Metro Ethernet Services A technical overview, Metro Ethernet
forum White paper.
5. Metro Ethernet Forum (2004). MEF 4 Metro Ethernet Network Architecture
Framework, Part 1: Generic Framework , The Metro Ethernet Forum.
6. MEF forum (2008), MEF -12 Metro Ethernet Network Architecture Framework Part
2: Ethernet Services Layer, The Metro Ethernet Forum.
7. MEF forum (2008), MEF 6.1-Ethernet Services Definitions Phase 2, The Metro
Ethernet Forum.
8. MEF forum (2009), MEF 10.2 - Ethernet Services Attributes Phase 2, The Metro
Ethernet Forum.
Lun vn thc s
82
PH LC 01:
Bng ch s u vo
Loi thu
bao
Bng thng
Gi tr
(Mbps/thu
Tn
bao)
Cc tham s s dng tnh bng thng

Tn
a1
a2
Thoi
0,017
Codec1
Codec2
CC
bw1
URr
b1 + b2
ADSL2+
v
SHDSL
CC1
0,23
URb
Truy
nhp
Internet
VPN
bw2
b4
(VDSL2/F
TTB/FTT
C)
1,00
c1
(ADSL2+)
0,005
c2
(SHDSL)
cw2
Bng thng truy nhp/1 thu bao
CC3
bw4
CC4
0,7
CC2
c3
0,18
T l thu bao thoi s dng

Codec1
T l thu bao thoi s dng
Codec2
Bng thng 1 thu bao thoi
dng Codec1
Bng thng 1 thu bao thoi
dng Codec2
T l s dng ng thi
Bng thng truy nhp Internet/1
thu bao (*)
T l Residential
T l truy nhp Internet ng
thi chim bng thng
thu bao
T l Bussiness
cw1
URa
CC1
bw3
2,00
Gi tr

thi
thu bao
thi
thu bao
thi
T l thu bao s dng dch v
T l truy nhp ng thi
CC2
b3
(FTTH)
ngha
cw3
T l truy nhp ng thi

80%
20%
128 kbps
39 kbps
15%
512 kbps
90%
20%
2.048 kbps
10%
70%
10.240 kbps
20%
5.120 kbps
20%
640 kbps
1%
70%
1.024 kbps
70%
5 Mbps
Lun vn thc s
83
(FTTH)
Urf
CC3
cw4
c4
(VDSL2)
0,07
Urv
CC4
dw1
d1
(ADSL2+)
VoD/My
TV
BTV/My
TV
VoD/VT
C
BTV
(VTC)
0,42
Su1
URv1
d2
(VDSL2/F
TTX)
dw2
0,18
Su2
E (Mbps)
570
URv2
Ch1
ew1
Ch2
ew12
dw1
d3
(ADSL2+)
0,42
Su1
URv1
dw2
d4
(VDSL2/F
TTX)
0,18
E1(Mbps)
410
Su2
URv2
Ch1
ew1
Ch2
ew12
T l thu bao FTTH dng VPN

T l truy nhp ng thi
T l thu bao VDSL s dng
VPN
T l truy nhp ng thi
Bng thng truy nhp /1 thu bao
T l thu bao ADSL2+ s dng
dch v
T l thu bao chim bng thng
thu bao
T l thu bao VDSL2+/FTTX
s dng dch v
Tng knh BTV SD
Tng knh BTV HD
T l thu bao ADSL2+ s dng
dch v
T l thu bao VDSL2+/FTTX
s dng dch v
Tng knh BTV SD
Tng knh BTV HD
5%
70%
2 Mbps
5%
70%
6.144 kbps
70%
10%
6.144 kbps
30%
10%
100
4.096 kbps
20
8.704 kbps
6.144 kbps
70%
10%
6.144 kbps
30%
10%
60
4.096 kbps
20
8.704 kbps
Lun vn thc s
84
PH LC 02 :
Bng d bo dung lng MAN-E giai on 2010 - 2011
VNPT Thi Nguyn
Tng n ht 2011
14466
88
610
2108
54
4598
16
143
404
155
2283
12
96
355
1212
15
48
498
274
3359
16
122
807
110
619
12
115
1458
52
395
UPE
1542
3108
77
878
TNN05LXA
UPE
450
6688
25
223
1055
XIII TNN05SCG
UPE
1795
11
64
355
XIV TNN05PYN
UPE
131
7864
99
1879
XV
UPE
128
657
14
160
TNN00TNN
II
TNN00DTU
III
TNN01TNN
PEAGG
PEAGG
UPE
IV
TNN02TDN
UPE
TNN03DHY
UPE
VII
TNN03PBH
UPE
VIII
TNN04DTU
UPE
IX
TNN04BYN
UPE
TNN04DHA
UPE
XI
TNN04PLG
XII
TNN05BSN
Tng
POTS
MyTV
VDSL2
8292
Ring
No.
FTTH
SHDSL
Loi
thit
b
ADSL 2+
a im UPE,
MSAN, IP
DSLAM,MxU/L2S
STT
CORE
11.214
50.368 227 15 1.617 9.427
Lun vn thc s
85
Lun vn thc s
86
PHC LC: 04
CU TRC MNG MAN-E

VNPT THI NGUYN GIAI ON 2010 - 2011
PHN I
HIN TRNG MNG MAN-E N THNG 12/2009
- hon thnh trin khai, o kim v a vo khai thc t ngy 04/11/2009;
- thc hin xong u chuyn thu bao ngy 16/01/2010;
- Hin trng mng gm c: 14 UPE, 02 PE-AGG
+ Cc hnh
Hnh 1: Hin trng mng MAN-E Vin thng Thi Nguyn
Lun vn thc s
87
10
/9
Ge 3/0/11
/2
3/
0/
0
3/0
e
G
Ge
/0
Ge 3
/0
2
0/
3 /0
/8
4/
3 /1
3/
0
e
G
Ge
Ge
/0/8
G
e
Ge 4
Ge 4/0/9
1
/0/
4/0/1
4/
0/
11
Ge
3
Ge
Hnh 2: Ring 1
Hnh 3: Ring 2
Lun vn thc s
88
G
e
4/
0/
4
Hnh 4: Ring 3
Ge
5
0/
4/
Hnh 5: Ring 4
Lun vn thc s
4/
0/
4
4/0
/6
4/1
4/
1/
3
e
G
Ge
/
4/0
8
/0/
Ge
4
Ge
Ge
/1/6
5
0/
4/
Ge
4
Ge
/4
89
Hnh 6: Ring 5
+ Danh sch cc Node MAN-E
TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Tn trm
Thi
Nguyn
Thi Nguyn
n
ng H
La Hin
Tri Cau
Ph Bnh
i T
Bnh Yn
nh Ha
Ph Lng
Lu X
Sng Cng
Chc nng
PE-AGG
UPE Ring 1
UPE Ring 2
UPE Ring 3
UPE Ring 4
UPE Ring 5
u
ni
BRAS
(GE/
10GE)
u
ni PE
(GE/
10GE)
S
dng
3/0
1/0
17
GE Port
40
8
13
9
5
10
11
6
9
13
21
9
Cha
s
dng
7
8
16
11
15
7
14
13
6
15
11
15
25
10 GE Port
Cha
s
dng
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
dng
Lun vn thc s
90
13
14
II
Ph Yn
Bc Sn
i T
Tng s
PE-AGG
2/0
5/0
1/0
2/0
11
8
8
218
1
4
4
142
0
0
1
4
PHN II
CU TRC MNG MAN-E
GIAI ON 2010 - 2011
1. Lp mi thit b v b sung m rng cc cng kt ni:

- Trong giai on 2010 - 2011, mng MAN-E ca Vin thng Thi Nguyn s gi
nguyn cu hnh mng gm 14 UPE v 02 PE-AGG t chc thnh 05 vng Ring
Access v 01 vng Ring Core, v tr lp t cc node s khng thay i;
-
Cn c theo hin trng mng li, nhu cu lp mi, m rng dung lng v bng
thng cc im truy nhp bng rng IPDSLAM, MSAN, MxU, SwitchL2 trn a
bn. Vin thng Thi Nguyn ngh m rng bng thng 05 vng Ring Access
v 01 vng ring Core ln 10GE, cc kt ni ln BRAS v PE ln 10GE;
1.1 Cc Ring m rng:
Bng 1: M rng bng thng cc Ring
STT
Tn Ring
Bng thng
hin ti
Bng thng
m rng
Ghi ch
Ring Core
1GE
10GE
M rng
Ring 1
10GE
10GE
Gi nguyn
Ring 2
1GE
10GE
M rng
Ring 3
2x1GE
10GE
M rng
Ring 4
2x1GE
10GE
M rng
Ring 5
2x1GE
10GE
M rng
Lun vn thc s
0
0
0
0
91
1.2 M rng bng thng kt ni BRAS, PE
Bng 2: M rng bng thng kt ni BRAS, PE
STT
Tn PE-AGG
Kt ni
BRAS hin
ti
Kt ni BRAS
m rng
Kt ni PE
hin ti
Kt ni
PE m
rng
Thi Nguyn
2x1GE
10x1GE
1GE
10GE
i T
2x1GE
10GE
1GE
10GE
Cc cng kt ni cn trang b:
Bng 3: Cc cng cn u t
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Tn Trm
Thi Nguyn
i T
Thi Nguyn
n
ng H
La Hin
Tri Cau
Ph Bnh
i T
Bnh Yn
nh Ha
Ph Lng
Lu X
Sng Cng
Ph Yn
Bc Sn
Chc
nng
PE-AGG
PE-AGG
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
UPE
Tng s
1GE
10GE
10Km 40Km 80Km 10Km 40Km 80Km

10
3
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
10
7
10
2
4
15
41
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
19
Lun vn thc s
92
1.3 Thit b d phng
Bng 4: Cc card d phng
Line card
S lng
Line card 1GE

02
Line card 10GE

02
Bng 5: Cc SFP d phng

Module
quang
S lng
Tng s
10Km
06
1GE
40Km
12
24
80Km
06
10Km
02
10GE
40Km
02
06
80Km
02
1.4 Cc trm lp cn trang b

Bng 6: Trm lp 10GE cn trang b
u tuyn
Cui
tuyn
Khong
cch tuyn
cp (km)
Bnh Thnh
i T
Bnh Yn
60
Hanh
Thi Nguyn
Ph Bnh
35
STT
im t
trm lp
1
2
Ghi ch
Khong cch cp
quang ln
Tuyn cp quang
suy hao ln
Cc trm lp s phc v kt ni quang tuyn Bnh Yn - i T chiu di ln trn

60km v tuyn quang Thi Nguyn - Ph Bnh b suy hao ln do c nhiu mi hn ni v
ODF.
Nh vy:
- Trong giai on 2010-2011, cu hnh mng MAN-E gm: 02 node PE-AGG, 14
node UPE;
- Mng MAN-E m bo cung cp dch v cho 50.386 cng ADSL2+, 227 cng
SHDSL, 15 cng VDSL2 v 1.617 cng FTTH.
Lun vn thc s

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0

CHNG 2: CNG NGH MNG MAN-E V CC DCH V TRN

CHNG 3: M HNH TRIN KHAI MNG MAN-E TI VNPT ............57

KT LUN V NGH .................................................................................80

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

DANH MC CC K HIU, CH CI VIT TT

Application Programming Interface

Border Gateway Protocol

Broadband Remote Access Server

Classless Interdomain Routing

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex

Ethernet Private Line

Ethernet Private LAN

Ethernet Virtual Private Line

EVP-LAN Ethernet Virtual Private LAN

giao din lp trnh ng dng

Internet Control Message Protocol

Interior Gateway Protocol

Label Switch Router

Medium Access Control

Metro Area Network - Ethernet

Maximum Burst Size

Media Gateway Controller

MultiProtocol Label Switching

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Voice over Internet Protocol

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Thoi qua giao thc IP

x Digital Subcriber Line

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Hnh 1.1: S hi t gia thoi v s liu, c nh v di ng trong NGN

Hnh 1.2: Cu trc lun l mng th h mi

Nguyn Quang Huy lp Cao hc K7

Giao din m API

Hnh 1.3: M hnh 5 lp chc nng ca NGN

Lp truy nhp cung cp cc kt ni gia thu bao u cui v mng ng trc

Trong tng li cc h thng truy nhp khng dy s pht trin rt nhanh nh

Vi truy nhp hu tuyn: hin nay cp ng v xDSL ang c s dng.

Trong tng lai truyn dn quang DWDM, PON s dn chim u th, th

Phn truyn dn:

Ti lp vt l cc cng ngh truyn dn quang nh SDH, WDM hay DWDM s

Cng ngh ATM hay IP c th c s dng trn mng li m bo QoS.

Cc router c s dng bin mng li khi lu lng ln. Khi lu lng nh

switchrouter c th m nhn lun chc nng nhng b nh tuyn ny.

Lp truyn ti c kh nng h tr cc mc QoS cho cng mt dch v v cho

Lp ng dng a ra cc yu cu v nng lc truyn ti v lp truyn ti s

1.2.2 Lp truyn thng

Truyn ti lu lng IP, c kh nng cung cp L2/L3 VPN kt ni cc phn t

Thu gom lu lng cc NODE trc khi k ni ln Mng Core IP/MPLS

S dng cp quang v cc kt ni GE tng bng thng.

Cung cp kt ni bng thng ln ti cc IPDSLAM/MSAN.

Cung cp kt ni GE ti cc khch hng ln.

H tr cng ngh mi sn sng cung cp cc dch v Tripleplay NGN.

Hnh 1.4: Cu trc mng MAN-E