LEADING

The third function of management is leading. This goes beyond simply managing tasks; rather, it
involves communicating, motivating, inspiring, and encouraging employees towards a higher level of
productivity. Not all managers are leaders. An employee will follow the directions of a manager
because they have to, but an employee will voluntarily follow the directions of a leader because they
believe in who he or she is as a person, what he or she stands for, and for the manner in which they
are inspired by the leader.

Base of power
1. Legitimate power a person who occupies a higher position has legitimate
power over persons in lower positions within the organization.
Ex. President of the organization, supervisor
2. Reward power a person has the ability to give rewards to anybody who
follows orders or requests, he is said to have reward power bewards may be
classified into two forms :
material reward refer to money or other tangible benefits like
cars ,houses, lot, etc.
psychic reward consist of recognitions, praises, etc.
3. Coercive power - is the ability of a manager to force an employee to follow
an order by threatening the employee with punishment if the employee does
not comply with the order.
4. Referent power is most easily seen in the charismatic leader who excels in
making others feel comfortable in his or her presence. Staff typically express
their excitement about work in terms of their attraction to their leader's
personal characteristics and charisma.
5. Expert power experts provide specialized information regarding their
specific lines of expertise
The Nature of Leadership
Leadership
- is both a research area and a practical skill, regarding the ability of an individual
or organization to "lead" or guide other individuals, teams, or entire
organizations.
-maybe referred to as the process of influencing and supporting others to work
enthusiastically toward achieving objectives.

Traits of effective Leaders