Q.

59
Consider the flow of a gas with density
speific heat

C p =846 J / ( kg K )

and thermal conductivity

D=0.01 m

in a pipe of diameter

1 kg/m3 , viscoity

1.5 105 kg/(ms) ,

k =0.01665 W /(mK ) ,

and length L=1 m , and assume the

viscosity does not change with temperature. The Nusselt number of a pipe
with (L/D) ratio greater than 10 and reynolds number greater than 20000 is
Nu=0.026 0.8 Pr 1/ 3

given by

while the Nusselt number for a laminar flow for

Reynolds number less than 2100 and

D
Pr
<10
L

is

If the gas flows through the pipe with an average velocity of

heat transfer coefficient is
(A)0.68 W/(m2K)
(B)1.14 W/(m2K)
(C)2.47 W/(m2K)
(D)
24.7 W/(m2K)

SOLUTION:

Nu=

L
>10 ; >20000
D

0.026 0.8 Pr 3

1.86 [ Pr ( D/ L ) ]

1
3

<2100 ; Pr ( D/ L ) <10

L
1m
=
=100
D 0.01 m
=

uD 1 0.1 0.01
=
=66.67

1.5 105
<First condition for Nu is not valid>

1 /3

[ ( )]

D
Nu=1.86 Pr
L

0.1 m/ s , the

Pr=

C p 846 1.5 105

=
=0.7622
k
0.01665
1

Pr ( D/ L )=66.67 0.7622 100 =0.508

<Second condition for Nu is valid>
1
3

1/ 3

Nu=1.86 [ Pr ( D/ L ) ] =1.86 [ 0.508 ] =1.4843

Nu=

hD
k

Heat transfer coefficient , h=

Nu k
=
D

1.4843 0.01665

[ ]
W
mK

0.01 [ m ]

=2.47

W
m2 K

ANSWER: (C) 2.47 W/(m2K)

Q.61
A countercurrent flow double pipe heat exchanger is used to heat water
flowing at 1 kg/s from 40C to 80C. Oil is used for heating and its
temperature changes from 100C to 70C. The overall heat transfer
coefficient is 300 W/(m2 C).
If it is replaced by a 1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger with countercurrent
flow configuration with water flowing in shell and oil flowing in the tube, what
is the excess area required with respect to the double pipe heat exchanger ?
The correction factor, Ft for LMTD (log mean temperature difference) based
on the above double pipe heat exchanger is 0.5. The heat transfer coefficient
remains unchanged, and the same inlet and outlet conditions are
maintained.
Cp,water = 4180 J/kg C, Cp,oil = 2000 J/kg C
(A)0 m2
(B)-20.15 m2
(C)22.6 m2
(D)
9.69 m2
SOLUTION:

Counter current Flow

100C
80C

Hot fluid
70C
Cold fluid

40C

Case 1:
q=m
cp T
q=1

[ ]

kg
J
4180
( 8040 ) [ ]=167.2kW
s
kg

q=UA ( LMTD )
LMTD=

( 10080 )( 7040 )
=24.66
( 10080 )
ln
( 7040 )
A 1=

167200 [ W ]
=22.6 m2
W
300 2
24.66 [ ]
m

[ ]

Case 2:

corrected LMTD=F t LMTD=0.5 24.66=12.33

A 2=

167200 [ W ]
=45.2 m2
W
300 2
12.33 [ ]
m

[ ]

Excess area required=45.222.6=22.6 m

ANSWER: (C) 22.6 m2