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33

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35


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55

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62

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63

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65

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Name
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69

 Variable
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Name
Initial Value

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Columns
Clear Option

Statistics

Assign


,
. Statistics

, .
System
,
. None
,

,

70

3.5. Advanced Process Panel (

)
3.5.1.
Hold
Hold () .

Hold 3
.
: ;
.
3.17
Hold

Name
Type

,
-
: Infinite Hold (
,
), Scan of Condition (
), Wait of Signal (
,
Signal)

Infinite Hold,
: Remove, Signal Pickup.
, ,
Hold.
Queue Type Queue name
Hold , (
).
Wait for signal, Wait
for value Limit (
Hold).
Scan of Condition,
Condition, . .
, .

71

 Signal

Hold ,
Signal 1
Wait for signal ,
.
Signal,
.
Hold, ,
Hold .
:
; .
3.18
Signal

Name
Signal value
Limit

,
-
Hold
,
Hold,

Pickup

Pickup 1
.
, ,
, Pickup.
Hold, ,
Infinity Hold ( ). Pickup ,
,
. ( )
Pickup .
: ;
.

72

 3.19
Pickup

Name
Quantity
Queue Name
Starting Rank

,
-
,

,
,

Remove

Original
,
(Infinity).
Removed Entity
,
. 2
:original removed entity. original ,
() , removed entity
,
( Hold).
Remove 2

3.20
Remove

Name
Queue name
Rank of entity

,
-
,

(
)

Match

Match 2

73

 2 5. ,

, .
: ;
,
;

3.21
Match

Name
Number
Match
Type

,
-
to

Attribute Name

. : Any Entities
,
. Based on Attribute


,
.
,

Based on Attribute

Dropoff
Dropoff

Dropoff 1
Original
,
.
Members
,
,
Members, ( )
Original.

74

 3.22
Dropoff

Name
Quantity
Starting Rank
Member
Attributes

Attribute Name

,
-
,


,
(
, )
)

Search
Found

, ,
Search 4
- . :
True, , False,
.
Not Found
:
.
3.23
Search

Name
Type

Queue Name
Starting Value

,
-
: ,
, ,

,

75

Ending Value
Search condition

. 3.23


, ,

Seize
Seize
.
Seize 1
,
,
, ,
.
, ,
.

.

1. ,
, , ,
. ,
,
.
,
.
2. (State set)
,
(Resource State Field).
: .
3.24
Seize

Name
Allocation

,
-
,

, Seize

76

Priority

Type

Resource name
Selection rule

. 3.24
,
. , 1

(1 , 2 , 3 ,
.)
, .

.
(Resource,
Set, Attribute, Expression)
,

Delay
Delay
Delay 1
.


. ,
Allocation, ,
, , .
, .
3.25
Delay

Name
Allocation

Delay Time
Units

,
-
,

77

 Release
Release ,
,
Release 1
.

.
, ,
. ,
. ,
, .
:
1. ,
, , ,
.
, ,
, .
2. NR ( )
.
Release, NR ,
.
3. ,
, .
4.
Release.
3.26
Release

Name
Resources

,
-

ReadWrite

ReadWrite 1

ReadWrite

(
). ,

78

 ,
.
ReadWrite,
, , . ,
. ,
,
.
3.27
ReadWrite

Name

.

Type
( ).
.

Arena
File ,
Format
File
Overriding File .
Format
,
File. FORTRAN C
,

Variable Type
,
Attribute Name

Variable Name

Other


3.5.2.
Advanced Set
(,
) .
,
. , ,
.

Seize.

79

 3.28
Advanced Set

Name
Set Type
Members

. Queue, Store, Other
()
(,
),

Expression
Expression
. .
.
3.29
Expression

Name
Row
Column

Expression
Value

. ,
Row
,

, -
, ,
Decide, Hold, Pickup.
Statistic
Statistic ,
,
,
.

80

 3.30
Statistic

Name
Type

. time-persistent,
tallies (observational data), count-based, outputs, and
frequency-based

.
1. Tally: Tally Name
Tally, Tally Output File .
2. Counter: Counter Name
Counter; Limit
; Counter Output File .
Storage
Storage .
, .
File
File ,
, ReadWrite .
, ,
.
3.31
File

Operating
, ,
System
File .
Name
Structure
. ,
, WorksSheet, FORTRAN-
End of File , ,
Action
. , , ,

Comment
,

Character
.
81

 StateSet
,
.
.
Resourse Process StateSet,
.
3.32
StateSet

StateSet Name

State Name

Auto State
Failure

or , State Name
,

Failure
Failure ,
.

,
.
3.33
Failure

NameCount
Time

()
(, , ,
)
Down Time
()
Down
Time (, , ,
Units
)
Up Time
Up Time Units

82

3.6. Advanced Transfer Panel ( )

3.6.1.
Station
Station
,
() .
3.34
Station

Name

,
-
Station Type

Station Name

Set Name

Save Attribute
,

Station
Set
Members
Route
Route
,
,
.
3.35
Route

Name
Route Time
Units
Destination
Type

,
-

(, ,
, )
,
(Station, Sequential, Attribute,
Expression)
83

 PickStation
PickStation

().
3.36
PickStation

Name
Test Condition

Route Time
Units
Save Attribute
Transfer Type

(
): Number In Queue (
); Number En Route to Station (
); Number of Resources
Busy ( ) Expression
()
( )
(, ,
, )
,
,
(Route,
Transport, Convey or Connect)

Enter
Enter ( ),

Enter 1
, .
Enter ,
.
( )
, ,
, ,
. Areas .

Enter, : ,
.
Enter, ,
.

84

 3.37
Enter

Name

,
-
Station Type

,
. (set),
,

Station Name
,
Type Station
Parent Activity
Area
Delay

Allocation
,

Transfer In
( ),
,
, ,
Leave

.
Leave 2
Leave,
,
,
.
3.38
Leave

Name
Allocation
Delay
Unit
Transfer Out

,
-
,

: , , ,
,
85

 .
Request
Request ()
.
Request 1
Request, ,
. Request,
.
Request .
3.39
Request

Name
Transporter
Name
Velocity

Units
Queue Type
Queue Name

()
,
( ).
Units
Velocity (. .
, ..)

,
,

Activate
Activate

Activate 1
,
(
Transporter).

86

 3.40
Activate

Name
Transporter
Name
Unit Number

,
-
,
,

Allocate

Allocate 1

Allocate Request.
, Allocate

.

Move
Move
,
Move 1
.
,
.
.

( Station) ,
Transporter, ,
Distance.
,
Request Allocate.
Move,
. ,
,
.

87

 3.41
Move

Name
Transporter
Name
Unit Number
Destination
Type
Station Name
Velocity

Units

,
-

(),

,
, .
Units
(, ,
, )

Transport
Transport

Transport 1
.

.
Transport,
(Entity.Station) ,
.
Sequential,
Jobstep (
Entity.Sequence and Entity.Jobstep, respectively).
Transport Move,
, Transport .

88

 3.42
Transport

Name
Transporter
Name
Unit Number
Destination
Type
Station Name
Velocity
Units

,
-

,


(),

,

Free

Free 1

Free
.

3.43
Free

Name
Transporter
Name

,
-
,

Halt

Halt

()
. ,
Halt 1
Halt,
,
, , .
Halt
,

89

.
, .
3.44
Halt

Name
Transporter
Name
Unit Number

,
-
,
,

.
Access
,

Access 1
. ,

. Request.
3.45
Access

Name
ll
Conveyor Name
Queue Name

,
-
,

-
,
,

Convey
Convey
.
Convey 1
Velosity Conveyor
,
Segment. Transport.
3.46
90

 Convey

Name
ll
Conveyor Name
Destination
Type

,
-
,

,

: Station Name ;
Attribute Name ,
; Sequential ,
Entity.Sequence
Entity.JobStep, Expression ,

Start
Start
Start 1
, . .
() .
Stop,
.
.
Move.
3.47
Start

Name
Conveyor Name
Velocity

Units

,
-
,
,
, .
Units
(, ,
, )

Stop

Stop 1

Stop
.
Start
91

 .
Stop, ,
, .
Halt .
3.48
Stop

Name
Conveyor Name

,
-

Exit

Exit 1

Exit

.
Free .
3.49
Exit

Name
Conveyor Name
# of Cells

,
-
,

3.6.2.
Transporter
Transporter
. Request,
, Move,
.

92

 3.50
Transporter

Name
Capacity
Distance set
Velocity
Units
Initial Position

(),



,

Distance
Distance ,
.
3.51
Distance

Name
Beginning
Station
Ending Station
Distance

Sequence

.
, .
3.52
Sequence

Name
Station Name
Step Name
Next Step

93

 Conveyor
Conveyor
, Transporter.

3.53
Conveyor

Name
Segment Name
Type
Velocity
Units

,
2 :

Segment
Segment ,
.
3.54
Segment

Name
Beginning
Station
Next Station
Length

(
)

3.7.

. :
,
, , , .
1. Category Overview (
)
Category Overview
, , .
,
Record.
94

2.
.
2.1. Cycle Time: ,
.

, Dispose.

.
2.2. NVA Cost: ,

.
NVA Time.
2.3. Total Cost:
,

.
,
.
2.4. VA Cost:
,

.
VA Time.
2.5. Wait Cost:
,

. ,
,
.
2.6. Wait Time: ,

.
( Process
, Batch )
( ).
2.7. WIP (Work In Process): ,

.
3.
,
, .
4.
.

95

5. ,

, .
3.8.

, .
.
,
Add View.
, .
3.9.
Arena .
Expression Builder.
, . 3.4.

. 3.4.

96

 3 :
1. .
, :
1.1. Random Distributions ( ).
Arena 7.0 13 :
normal (): Mean, StdDev;
xponential (): Mean;
uniform (): Min, Max;
oisson (): Mean;
gamma (): Beta, Alpha;
beta (): Beta, Alpha;
triangular (): Min, Mode, Max;
continious (): CumP1, Val1, . CumPn, Valn;
discrete (): CumP1, Val1, . CumPn, Valn
erlang ( ): ExpoMean, k;
johnson ( ): Gamma, Delta, Lambda, Xi;
lognormal (): LogMean, LogStd;
weibull ( ): Beta, Alpha.
,

. (UNIF Uniform)

, . 3.5, .

1 ()
Min Max, 5-9 .
, (Most Likely)
- ,
5-9 , 7 .
1.2. Math Functions ( ),
11 :
;
;
;
;
;
;
. .
9 :
;
;
;
97

);

..
Replication Variables (,
Maximum Replications ( );
Current Replication Number ( ).

. 3.5. :
- ;

1.3. Entity-Related Variables (,

):
Attributes ().
: Entity.Type ( ), Entity.SerialNumber
( ), Entity.Picture (
), ntity.CreateTime ( ), User-Defined
Attribute Value (, );
Group Member Variables ( ).
1.4. Date and Time Functions ( ).

TNOW (Current Simulation Time ).
2. , (,
, . .; , . .)
3.

98

3.10. 3
1.
Arena 7.0.
2. Arena 7.0
?
3.
?
4. ,
() Hold,
Infinity Hold?
5. Match
?
6. Dropoff.
7. Process,
?
8. , ,
Process 5 ,
?
9. , Split existing batch Duplicate
Original Separate?
10. Resource Capacity?

99

 4.
4.1.
:
1. Arena 7.0,
, .
2. .
3. .
1.
.
.
35+10 .
. 6020
.
. 186 ., 10+2
.

, (
100 , 20 ),
( )
.
(6 8 ).
, ,
/ :
1.
Woman ( ), Man.
2. ,
(Idle), . 4.1, , (Busy), . 4.2, .
3. :
( ).
4. .
?

100

. 4.1. :
- ;

2.
.
(1) 203 ( 20 ).
(2) 165 . (3) 20 .
(),
5 . 15 % .
,
. 2 ,
(10 ). 5
3 .
8- .

:
1.
.
2.
.
3.
, .
4. (
), ,
.
5. :
,

101

. 10
.
3.

, .
,
50 % .
.
10 3 ,
2 , 18 2 ,
3 .
.
400 .
,
,
.

:
1. ,
.
2. 200 True, False
3. 30 . True, False
4. 200 2 ,
4 .
5. :
True, False
4
(20 4 .).
,
75 % , .
23 ,
18 5 ., , .
350 .

:

102

1. ,
24 .
2.
,
, .
3. : 50
, .
4. : 4
, .
5. : 150
23 ., 30 .
6. : 2
( ).
, .
7. ,
. ,
. 4.2 ( , ).
. 4.3 ( , ).

. 4.2. 1:
- ;

. 4.3. 2:
- ;

103

 5
- . ,
, 510
5 . 10
0 9.
, 50
( 5 ),
.
10 .

10 15 , 20 .
24 .
, , .
6
.
, ,
20+5, 10 , 25 %
, 70 % ,
.
, . .
10 20
.
612 ,
20.
(5+3) , 6 .
,
.
7

: ,
.
.

,
1 6 , 1 2 .
1
3 , 2 5 .
104


(15 20) .

.

, ,
.
12 :
, ;
;
;

.

.
:
1. (Entity Picture = Track);
(Entity Picture = Van).
2. ,
. 4.4, . 4.5.

. 4.4. :
- ;

. 4.5. :
- ;

105

 8
.
.
() 2
.

; 25 % ,
. ,
, ,
, ,
5 .
( 9 11 )
( 16 18 ),
.
,
, .
9
, :
. .
520 ,
8.00 20.00 (8.0012.00
50 120, (260)
12.00 14.00,
180 70).

, , . .
. 13 ,
35, 4 .

, .
1015 .

.

106

 10

, 10 5 .
10 7 ., - 10 6 .
.
:
25 . ;
20 25 . ;
20 .
.
20 .
.
400 .
:
;
.

(
) , :
1. (
http://standard.tpu.ru/stdpredp/stp42i.doc).
2. .
3. .
4. (print screen
).
5. .
6. .

107

4.2.
:
10 5 . -
, .
,
4 .
,
.
10 2 -

, .
2 .
,
, .
.
, ,
. .
. 4.6 .
1. Create
Take off. Entity 1 .
2. ,
- .
- Process 1,
Recourse 1. ,
, Hold 2,
, .
, . . Process 1,
Dispose 2.
3. Create
Landing. Entity 2 .
Assign 2 Attribute 1, 1;
.
4.
: ,
, . . .

108

0
H old 2

Tak e off

As s i gn 3

0
Landing

As s i gn 2

0Tr ue
Dec i de 1

Proc es s 1
As s i gn 4

Di s pos e 2

0
0
0

False

00:00:00
As s i gn 1

Proc es s 2

Tr ue

Dec i de 2

0
0

False

As s i gn 5

Di s pos e 1

. 4.6. - Arena 7.0

109

 Decide 1,
Recourse 1 Process 1,
Hold 2. , . . Process 1,
Dispose 2.
5. Decide 2 :
(Recourse 1) /
Hold 2,
True , False.
6. False Assign 1,
Attribute 1 ,
. Process 2 ,
Decide 2 ,
, 5,
, 5, .
7. Assign 3, Assign 4 Assign 5
, ,
.
.

Take off

10 2 -
.

Hold 2

,
: STATE(Resource 1) == IDLE_RES.

Process 1

2 .,
Process 1 - .

111

Landing

10 5 .

0True
Decide 1

False

- ,
, . .
Hold 2 0:
STATE(Resource 1) == IDLE_RES && NQ(Hold 2.Queue) == 0.

112

Assign 1

Attribute 1+1,
.

Process 2

,
. Process 2
.

113

True

Decide 2

False

, : 5,
Dispose 1.

Assign 3

Assign 3, Assign 4 Assign 5

, ,
:
Variable 1 ;
Variable 2 ;
Variable 3 ,
.
,
, ,
.

114

 , ,
:
Variable 1 = 144;
Variable 2 = 141;
Variable 3 = 1.
,
Resource 1.

Number Busy,
39,58 % .

24
.

Run/Setup/Replication
Parameters.

24 .

115

,
, ,

. ,
, .

,
,
.

, ,
.
-
,
IDEF0, IDEF3 DFD.

.

,

.
,

. Arena

. ,
( ).

116


1. .. :
[ ]. :
http://www.gpssforum.narod.ru/GPSSmodeling.html, .
2. . . :
. .: , 2002.
3. . . : .
. .: , 2000.
4. . . . .: ,
1978.
5. . ., . .
GPSS: . . .: , 1997.
6. : . /
. . . . .: , 2000.
7. . . CASE-.
. .:
, 1998.
8. ., . -
//
"". 2001. 11.
9. . . :
. - . .: , 2000.
10. /
. . . . .: , 1983.
11. . ., . .
. .: , 1988.
12. . . .: , 1985.
13. .
. .: , 1978.
14. . ., . . .
CS. 3- . .: ; : BHV,
2004. 847 .: .
15.
.
.

[ ]. :
http://www.cfin.ru/finanalysis/imitation_model21.shtml, .
16.
.
.

: . . .:
. . ., 1999.
17. . . . .:
, 1988.

117

18. . ., .
. .: , 1993.
19. : ,
/ . . . . .: ,
1989.
20. . . : . 2-
., . : - , 1997.
21. . :
. . .: , 1984.
22. . . . :
, 2001.
23. . .
. .-.: .-..-, 1994.
24. . . : . 3
., . . .: . ., 2001.
25. . : ,
, . .: , 2002.
26. . ., . ., . . CASE. .: , 2003.
27. . .
- (
). M.: , 1999.
28. . .
: . . : , 1978.
29.
.
.

: . .
... .: , 2001.
30. ARENA Users Guide, Sewickley: Systems Modeling Co., 1996.
31. Barjis J., Shishkov B. UML based business systems modeling and
simulation. Proceedings of EuroSim 2001, 2001.
32. Giaglis G. M., Paul R.G., Okeefe R. M. Discrete simulation for
business simulation. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2003.
33. Goldsman D. A Whirlwind Tour of Computer Simulation
Techniques. www.hyperionics.com , 2003.
34. Hlupic V., Robinson S. Business Process Modeling and Analysis
using discrete-event simulation. Proceedings of the 1998 Winter Simulation
Conference, pp.13631369.

118


................................................................................................. 3
1. 4
1.1. ................................................................ 4
1.2 ................................................................. 5
1.2.1.
......................................................................................... 6
1.2.2. ............... 13
1.2.3.
.............................................................................................................. 14
1.2.4. ............... 14
1.3. ........................................................... 15
1.4. 1 ........................................................ 21
2. ...........
.............................. 22
2.1. SADT- .................................................................... 22
2.1.1. IDEF0....... 22
2.1.2. IDEF3 ............. 33
2.2. (DATA FLOW
DIAGRAM) ................................................................................................. 42
2.3. 2 ..................................................... 45
3. ..... 46
3.1.
.................................................................................................... 46
3.2. ARENA 7.0 ..................................... 48
3.2.1. ......................................... 48
3.2.2. ............................................................................... 51
3.3. ARENA 7.0 .................. 55
3.3.1. Arena 7.0 ............................. 55
3.4. BASIC PROCESS PANEL ( ) .................. 57
3.4.1. ......................................................................... 57
3.3.2. .......................................................................... 66
3.5. ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL (
) ............................................................................................. 71
3.5.1. ......................................................................... 71
3.5.2. .......................................................................... 79
3.6. ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL ( ) ..................... 83
3.6.1. ......................................................................... 83
119

3.6.2. .......................................................................... 92
3.7. ............................................................................... 94
3.8. .......................................................................... 96
3.9. ............................................................... 96
3.10. 3....................................................... 99
4. ................................... 100
4.1. ............................................. 100
4.2. ...................................................... 108
..................................................................................... 116
.......................... 117

120

, . .
. .

60x84/16, .
. . . .
. . . .

. _______. .
. 634050, . , . , 30.

121