Giáo Trình CNC Cho Máy Phay - Bùi Quý Tuấn

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill
Ni dung
A) Chun b lp trnh.
B) M lnh G.
C) M lnh M.
D) M lnh T,S v M.
E) M lnh D v H.
F) Chng trnh v d.
Bi Qu Tun
Hanoi University of Industry
Chng A
Chun b lp trnh
1.
Chng trnh l g ?
Bn ngh g khi bn nghe thy thut ng
gi l lp trnh .
Bn ngh chng trnh l mt s kin th
thao, mt bi tp mang tnh gio dc,hay
mt thao tc my tnh ?.Ni chung
chng trnh l mt tp hp cc khi lnh
ch dn cha ng ni dung k hoch hoc
l c vit ra nhm thc hin mt cng
vic, tun theo mt s quy lut nht nh.
O0001
G91 G28 Z0 T9001
M06
N1
G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0;
G43 Z30.0 H01 S440 T5002;
M03;
G01 Z0 F2000;
iu khin my NC cn phi c mt
chng trnh tt. Tt cc hot ng ca
my gm c :chuyn ng quay ca trc
chnh, chuyn ng ca dng c, iu
khin cht lm ngui u c th c iu
khin bng chng trnh.
Chng trnh c lp bng cc k t v
ch s. Hnh nh bn tri minh ho mt
on chng trnh.
Ni dung c a ra sau y trnh by
nhng bc cn thit vit mt chng
trnh. Xin hy c cn thn trc khi tin
hnh lp chng trnh.
2.
Nhng yu cu i vi ngi lp chng trnh.
Ngi lp chng trnh phi c kin thc v gia cng vit chng
trnh trn c s nhng kin thc ny v nn c k nhng iu sau y
m bo cc hot ng chnh xc, hiu qu v an ton.
Ngi lp chng trnh phi:
1. C hiu bit v l thuyt ct gt.
2. C kin thc v g, phi quyt nh c phng php
gia cng v m bo c qu trnh hot ng an ton v chnh
Bi Qu Tun
xc.
Chn c dng ct thch hp trn c s phn tch cc iu
kin gia cng :hnh dng, vt liu phi, tc quay, lng chay
dao, chiu su ct, chiu rng ct trnh cc s c c th pht
sinh trong qu trnh gia cng.
Hiu r kh nng gia cng ca my ang s dng.
Bit cc thit b an ton v chc nng kho lin ng ca my
ang s dng.
Hiu cc chc nng ca my lin quan ti vic lp trnh.
3.
4.
5.
6.
3.
Lp chng trnh l g?
Nhng hot ng cn thit khi lp
mt chng trnh ?
1. Kim tra bn v xc
nh yu cu gia cng. Bn
v phi c kim tra k
hiu c cc yu cu cn
thit.
2. Phn tch cc phn gia
cng, xc nh g v
dng c cn thit.
Bc
Miu t
M dng
c
Phay mt
02
u
2
Khoan
03
Mt s ngi to chng trnh ngay

khi va c xong bn v. S nng
vi ny c th gy sai hng v nguy
him cho cc hot ng ca my.
3. Xc nh cc bc gia cng
trn c s thng tin v kch
thc ghi trn bn v.
Trnh t gia cng: trc ht l nguyn cng phay mt u, th hai

l khoan cc l.
Bi Qu Tun
O0001
G91 G28 T9001;
M06;
4. lp mt chng trnh, u tin

hy vit ra giy. Chng trnh bao
gm cc ch s v k t.
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0
................
4.
5. 5.Sau khi hon thnh, cn thn

kim tra li ni dung chng trnh.
Nhp chng trnh vo my.
Sau khi vit chng trnh, s dng bn phm

trn bng iu khin nhp chng trnh vo
b nh NC.
Ni dung ca chng trnh nhp vo c th
c kim tra trn mn hnh.Thc hin chng
trnh, my s hot ng theo theo cc khi lnh
ca chng trnh.
C nhng trng hp, du chm thp phn khng c nhp y .
trnh nhng trng hp , ngi lp trnh nn vit cc gi tr s theo cch
di y:
V d:
(1) Z.5 Z0.5
(2) X200. X200.0
Sau khi nhp chng trnh vo ,cn kim tra li chng trnh mt cch cn
thn xem c nhp sai hay thiu d liu hay khng.
Bi Qu Tun
Nu chng trnh c a vo b nh khng phi do ngi lp

trnh m do ngi iu khin my, hy vit tht r rng v chnh xc bt
k ai cng c th c d dng. Nu ngi iu khin my c sai v nhp
d liu sai, dng c ct v i dao c th va vo g trong qu trnh gia
cng, gy ra cc s c nghim trng, nguy him cho ngi v my mc.
5.
Qu trnh cho n khi hon thnh sn phm.
5.1 Trnh t lm vic.

Phn ny s miu t trnh t thc hin gia cng sn phm hon chnh, bao
gm c vic lp chng trnh. Hiu v tin hnh theo cc bc sau, cng
vic s c tin hnh mt cch hiu qu.
Lp k hoch
sn xut v
lp trnh
1.Nghin cu bn v xc nh yu cu gia cng

2.Xc nh dng c s dng
3.Phn tch phng php nh v v kp
4.Lp chng trnh
5.Bt ngun cho my cng c
6.Nhp chng trnh vo my
7.Lu chng trnh vo b nh
8.Lp dng c v phi ln my
Thit lp
9.o v nhp vo gi tr b chiu cao v bn knh

10. R g phi trn bn my xc nh im O
11.t im O
12.Kim tra chng trnh bng cch chy khng ct
Bi Qu Tun
13.Kim tra iuHanoi

kin giaUniversity
cng bng cch
hnh ct th.
5 (sa
oftin
Industry
chng trnh nu thy cn thit, chnh sa gi tr b dao nu cn
thit)
Sn xut
hng lot
a. Cc mc cn kim tra.
Cc mc cn kim tra trc khi gia cng c tm tt theo bng sau. Kim
tra nhng mc ny m bo qu trnh gia cng ch nh xc v an ton
c bn
v
Cc iu
kin gia
cng
Cc mc kim tra
1
Dung sai trn bn v?
2
Hiu c cc k hiu th hin chnh xc cha ?
3
Bit r vt liu v hnh dng phi cha?
4
Hiu r cc qu trnh thc hin trc v sau trn trung
tm gia cng cha?
5
Hiu c mu cht khi gia cng cha?
6
Xc nh chnh xc gc phi cha?
7
Hiu r v phi cha?
8
c k tt c cc kch thc v ghi ch trn bn v
cha?
9
C gi sch s bn vv chc chn rng khng cn
thng tin no khng hiu.
Cc mc kim tra
1
Cc iu kin gia cng ph hp vi hnh dng v vt
liu phi khng.?
2
Phng php nh v chun cha ?
3
La chn ng dng c ct cha?
4
Th t cc bc gia cng c ph hp vi hnh dng v
vt liu phi khng ?
5
Liu c kh nng va p trong qu trnh gia cng?
6
Chun b phiu cng ngh cha
Cc mc kim tra
1
Liu chng trnh ang c vit c ph hp vi hnh
dng v vt liu phi khng?
Bi Qu Tun
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Nhp
chng
trnh
Kp dng
c
(Mouting
Tool)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Bi Qu Tun
Chng trnh c c lp theo cc bc gia cng hay

khng
Du chm thp phn c c nhp y vo cc gi tr
s hay khng?
Du (+,-) c nhp trc cc gi tr s ng cha?
Ch chy dao s dng (chy dao nhanh, chy dao gia
cng) s dng ng cha?
Lng chy dao tip cn v lng chy dao ct xc
nh cha?
kim tra tt c d liu nhp vo chnh xc cha?
Liu c nhng li ngu nhin trong chng trnh do mt
tp trung hay khng?
Cc mc kim tra
i dao v phn chui dao c lm sch trc khi kp
cha?
Dng c c th b mn hoc m khng ?
Hnh dng v vt liu dng c ph hp vi phi khng?
Dng c c kp ln i dao ng cha?
Chiu di dng c c ph hp khng?
Khi kp trc dao khot ln trc chnh, u dng c c
hng ngc vi hng di chuyn ca dng c khng?
Tt c dng c c ng k cha?
M dng c c c nhp chnh xc khng?
M s dng c c phn phi ph hp vi kch thc
dng c khng?
lu n khong cch lin k vi dng c c ng
knh ln cha?
Trong kho dao c b tr hp l cc khong trng gia l
t dao to v dao nh cha?
Cc mc kim tra
1
2
3
B dao
(Tool
Offset)
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
2
3
4
5
Chy th
khng ct
(Dry run)
6
7
8
9
10
Bi Qu Tun
Cng tc Door Interlock c t v tr Nomal

cha?
Ca ng cha?
Trong qu trnh thao tc b dao, cn cn nhc xem c
th gy va p dng c hay khng?
Tc dng c bt to ng cha?
Gi tr h ta phi c t ng cha ?
Gc phi c tnh ton tr( hoc cng) vi bn knh
dng c bt to cha ?
Khi tin hnh o d liu b chiu di dng c, gi tr Z
ca h ta s dng t v khng cha?
Hng b dao ng cha ?
Kim tra m s dng c oc b cha?
Kim tra d liu b hnh hc, b mn v h to h
thng c s dng cho vic b dao cha ?
Kim tra d liu b bn knh v chiu cao dng c
ng cha?
Cc mc kim tra
Kho DOOR INTERLOCK c t vo v tr
Nomal cha ?
Ca ng cha?
bt ch chy tng khi lnh hay cha?
Bc tin dao v tc ct ph hp cha?
Ch chy dao( chy dao nhanh hay chy ct gt)
ng cha?
Hng rt dao sau khi ct chnh xc cha?
Chuyn ng ca dng c trong vng tnh ton
khng m bo khng va p cha?
Kim tra kh nng va p ca dng c vi phi v g
cha?
C th dng khn cp trong qu trnh gia cng hay
khng?
Sau khi kt thc chy th khng ct gt (Dry run),
chuyn li cng tc, trn bng iu khin(Dry run,
Feedrate) v v tr ng cha ?
Cc mc kim tra
Nomal cha?
2
3
4
5
Chy ct
th
(Test
cutting)
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
o lng
(Measuring
)
7
8
1
2
3
sn xut
hng lot
4
5
Bi Qu Tun
Ca ng cha?
Chc nng chy chng trnh theo khi lnh n c
bt cha?
iu kin gia cng ( chiu su ct, chiu rng ct, lng
chy dao, tc trc chnh) hp l cha ?
Trnh t nguyn cng v bc gia cng c ph hp vi
hnh dng v vt liu phi hay khng?
La chn dng c ct hp l cha?
La chn g ph hp khng?
Phng php kp phi ng ng cha?
Qu trnh ct c th c quan st khng ?
Lu lng v hng phun dung dch lm ngui c ng
khng?
Dng c ct c th va p vi phi v g khng?
Kch thc c c o sau ct th cha ?
Cng tc Override trn bng iu khin c c t ti
% ph hp vi lng chy dao nhanh v chy dao ct
gt khng?
C th dng my khn cp trong qu trnh gia cng
khng?
Cc mc kim tra
chnh xc dng c o c ph hp khng?
La chn dng c o ng khng?
Trnh t o ng khng?
Phng php o ph hp cha?
Vng c o c c xc nh r rng khng?
Vng c o c th b ln phoi v dung dich lm mt
khng?
Kch thc c c o sau qu trnh ct th hay khng?
Khi o, phi c c lm mt khng ?
Cc mc kim tra
Nomal cha?
Ca ng cha?
Tt c cc chc nng NC nh SingleBlock kim tra
chng trnh c tt cha?
Mc tiu thi gian gia cng cho mt phi l bao nhiu?
mn dao c c kim sot khng ?
(Mass
6
production)
Kch thc c c o sau qu trnh ct th hay khng?
6. Cc thut ng trong lp trnh.

Trong phn ny s trnh by mt s thut ng c bn c dng khi lp mt
chng trnh.
6.1. S chng trnh (Program number).
C th lu tr nhiu chng trnh trong trong b nh NC. S chng
trnh dng lu tr nhiu chng trnh, phn bit vi cc chng trnh
khc trong b nh v c xp xp theo mt trt t nht nh. S chng
trnh (dng s) phi c t ti dng u tin ca chng trnh. S chng
trnh c xc nh bng bn ch s hoc t hn, sau k t Alphabet O,
t 1 to 9999.
ch
O0001;----------------------------------------- S chng trnh

G91G28Z0T9001;
M06;
N1;
G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0;
:
M01;
M06;
N2;
G90G00G54X0Y0;
........
M30;
Nu s chng trnh a vo c trong b nh, chng trnh
khng th c nhp vo. nhp chng trnh, phi i li tn
chng trnh.
S chng trnh c th c t hn 4 ch s.
V d nu bn nhp tn chng trnh l O1, mn hnh s t ng
hin th O0001.
Bi Qu Tun
Hanoi University of Industry 10
6.2. S th t (Sequence number).

S th t s dng tm kim hoc gi ti v tr mt dng lnh ang s
dng, hoc tm mt v tr m bn mun sa cha chng trnh d dng.
S th t c th hin bng mt s gm 5 ch s theo sau k t N.
Thng thng, s t t dng ch nh mt phn chng trnh, s dng
cho mt dng c ct xc nh theo th t.
O0001
G91G28Z0T9001
M06;
N1;------------------------------------------------ S th t
G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0;
G91G28Z0M05;
M01;
M06;
N2;------------------------------------------------ S th t
G90G00G54X0Y0;
M30;
1. Nu mt s th t c s ch s ln hn 5, th 5 ch s t v tr
c gi tr nh nht c nhn l s th t
2. Khng nht thit phi s dng s th t.
Nu mt dung lng chng trnh qu di v vt qu sc cha ca
b nh th t s th t vo v tr bt u ca mi nguyn cng (hay bc),
hoc khng s dng s th t, iu ny s gip tit kim b nh.
6.3. on chng trnh (Part Program).
on chng trnh cha cc thng tin cn thit cho vic thc hin tng
nguyn cng (hay bc) c tin hnh bi mt dng c.
O0001;
G91G28Z0T9001;
M06;
N1;
G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0;
G43Z30.0H1S440T502;
M01;
M06;
Bi Qu Tun
(Phn chng trnh dnh cho

dng c s 9001)
N2;
G90G00G54X0Y0;
G43Z30.0H2S800T5002;
G91G28Z0M05;
M01;
M06
6.4.
(Phn chng trnh dnh cho

dng c s 5002)
a ch (Address).
S dng ch ci trong bng Alphabet nh ngha mt a ch.
G01
Z0
F2000
a ch
6.5. D liu (Data).
Nhng s (bao gm k hiu v du chm thp phn) theo sau a ch c
gi l D liu.
G01 Z0 F2000
ch
D liu.
Ngoi ra, cc thng tin khc a vo h thng NC cho vic gia cng
phi cng c gi l d liu.
Xc nh r kiu ca d liu t vic gii thch khi lnh
6.6.
T lnh (Word).
T lnh l n v nh nht gi mt chc nng xc nh. Mt t
bao gm c a ch v d liu.
G01
Z0
F2000
T
6.7. Khi lnh (Block).
Khi lnh l n v lnh nh nht cn thit iu khin my, ng thi
cng l n v nh nht to nn chng trnh. Mt khi lnh bao gm nhiu
t lnh.
Trong chng trnh, mi dng lnh tng ng vi mt khi lnh.
Bi Qu Tun
O0001;..................................................... Khi th nht.

G91G28Z0T9001;......................................Khi th hai.
M06;...........................................................Ki th ba.
ch
Khi lnh c kt thc bng k t [;].
6.8.
Tm tt.
Mt chng trnh bao gm cc t lnh, s kt hp ca a ch v d
liu, mt khi lnh bao gm nhiu t lnh, nh c minh ho sau y:
O0001;---------------------------------------s chng trnh.
G91G28Z0T9001;-------------------------khi lnh
N1;--------------------------------------------s th t
G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0;
on
G91G28Z0M05;---------------------------khi lnh.
chng
Chng
M01;
trnh
trnh
M06;
N2;------------------------------------------- s th t.
on
G90G00G54X0Y0;----------------------- khi lnh
chng
trnh
:
G91G28Z0M05;
M30;----------------------------------------- khi lnh
7.
iu khin v nh hng cc trc.
Trong phn ny s miu t chuyn ng theo cc trc c iu khin

v quan h ca chng trong chng trnh.
Hiu k v phng chiu cc trc iu khin l rt cn thit

khi lp trnh.
7.1. Di chuyn theo cc trc iu khin.
Trong phn ny s nh ngha cc trc v cch xc nh cc trc trong
chng trnh.
7.1.1. Lot my MV,SV,SVD.
Cc trc iu khin v hng ca chng c xc nh nh sau:
Trc
B phn
chiu dng(+) v m(-)
X
Bnmy
chiu +
Bi Qu Tun
Bn my
u trc
chnh
7.2.
v bn tri, nu quan st t mt trc my ti phi

chiu +
hng ra mt phng trc ca my.
(Hng quan st t thn my n phi)
chiu +
i ln ,quan st my t mt trc
(hng ln, quan st theo chiu t phi ln trc quay
ca dng c).
Din t chuyn ng cc trc trong chng trnh.
Vi lot my
cc k
xc nh
chuyn ng.
Bi Qu Tun
MV,SV,SVD,
hiu(+),(-)
hng cc trc
Trc c iu khin.
X
Chuyn ng thc.
Chuyn ng gi nh
khi lp trnh
Nu dng c c gi
Trng hp lnh
X+__,
nh l di chuyn trong
bn my di chuyn sang khi bn my khng
tri ,khi quan st my t chuyn ng, c ngha
mt phng trc
l dng c di chuyn
sang phi
Vi lnh Y+__ th
Nu dng c c gi
nh l di chuyn trong
bn my chy v pha
ngi iu khin.
khi bn my khng
chuyn ng, c ngha
l dng c di chuyn
sang t v tr ngi
iu khin ti thn my
Vi lnh Z+__ th
Cng h-ng vi chuyn
bn my i ln, theo
ng thc
hng nhn t mt
trc
Nu gi thit dng c di chuyn, trong khi bn my ng yn, th phng,

chiu cc trc c nh ngha nh di y:
8.
im gc phi.
Khi a ra lnh di chuyn dng c ct ti im A, v d, nu khng c

im tham chiu, my s khng th tm c to im A.
Bi Qu Tun
im tham chiu c thit lp cho chng trnh c gi l im gc phi,

im (X0,Y0,Z0).
Trong chng trnh, gi tr to (X,Y,Z) c tham chiu vi im gc
phi. Theo , gc phi phi c xc nh r rng.
im gc phi nn c xc nh ti im m c th xc nh mt cch
thun tin. Vic xc nh gc phi lm cho cho vic lp trnh tr ln d dng
cng nh l m bo chnh xc.
Trn bn v, gc phi c k hiu nh sau:
<V d v t im gc phi>
1).V d v t gc phi ti tm d dng tnh ton to tm l, hoc

cc hc trn. (pocket)
2).Khi dng hnh hc ca chi tit gia cng c tnh i xng, chn gc phi
nh hnh v tnh ton to d dng.
Bi Qu Tun
9.
To lp trnh.
xc nh chuyn ng ca dng c ct t im hin ti ti im

tip theo (im ch ), s dng 2 kiu lnh sau y :
1. Lnh tuyt i .
2. Lnh gia s.
Khi vit chng trnh, phi hiu r bn cht ca tng loi to ny, s
dng hp l.
9.1. Lnh tuyt i.
Lnh tuyt i nh ngha ta mt im bng khong cch, c
du (+) ,(-) xc nh, t im gc phi (X0,Y0,Z0).
Ch lnh tuyt i c xc nh vi lnh G90.
Lnh vi h ta tuyt i(1)
To ca im (1) v (2) vit trong h to tuyt i

G90 X100 Y10.0;...................(1).
X-20.0Y20;.....................(2).
1. Du dng c th b nhng
du m th phi c vit y
.
X+10.0 X10.0
Y-10.0 Y-10.0
2. Gi tr c vit trong (O,O)
trong hnh bn tri l gi tr
to ca (X,Y).
Bi Qu Tun
Lnh vi h ta tuyt i (2)

Din t cc im (1),(2), (3) v (4) theo h to tuyt i trn mt
phng X-Y-Z.
G90 X-175.0 Y-100 Z50.0;.........(1).

(G90)X175.0(Y-100) Z50.0;........(2).
(G90)(X175.0)Y100(Z50.0);........(3).
(G90)X-175.0 (Y100.0) (Z50.0);..(4)
Cc t lnh trong (...),
tng t cc khi lnh
trc , c th c b
qua.
9.2
Lnh gia s.
Lnh gia s nh ngha to mt im bng cch ch ra khong
cch di chuyn t im hin ti. Chiu dng ch ra rng im nm theo
hng dng so vi im hin ti.
Ch lnh gia s c xc nh vi lnh G91
Bi Qu Tun
Din t lnh gia s (1).

S dng lnh gia s di chuyn dng c t im (1) ti im (2).
G90X10.0Y10.0;...................................(1).
G91X-30.0Y10.0;..................................(2).
1). Vi to du dng c th b nhng du m th khng
c b.
X+30.0
X30.0.
Y-10.0
Y-10.0.
2). Gi tr c vit trong (O,O)
trong hnh bn l gi tr to
ca (X,Y)
Din t lnh gia s (2).
S dng lnh gia s di chuyn qua cc im (1),(2),(3) v (4).
Bi Qu Tun
G90X-175.0Y-100.0Z50.0;....................(1).
G91X350.0(Y0)(Z0);..............................(2).
(G91)(X0)Y200.0(Z0);............................(3).
(G91)X-350.(Y0)(Z0);.............................(4).
Cc t lnh trong (...), tng t
cc khi lnh trc , c th
c b qua.
9.2.
Tm tt.
S khc nhau gia lp trnh theo to tuyt i v gia s c tm
tt theo bng di y.
Lp trnh tuyt i
K t a ch.
G90(X_;Y_;Z_;)
Lp trnh tng i
G91(X_;Y_;Z_;)
ngha du (+,-)
th hin vng tn ti
ca im
hng chuyn ng tip

theo ca dng c
ngha ca gi tr s.
khong cch so vi gc
phi
Hnh trnh cn di
chuyn tip theo
im gc phi
V tr dng c hin ti.
im tham chiu
Bi Qu Tun
(X0,Y0,Z0).
Ni chung, mt chng trnh thng c vit theo lnh tuyt i.

Lnh gia s thng c s dng khi lp trnh gia cng nhng phn
lp i lp li theo tng bc c nh.
10. Xc nh iu kin ct gt.
Cc iu kin ct gt c thit lp khi lp chng tr nh c nh

hng ln n s an ton, hiu sut v chnh xc gia cng, c t khi
lp chng trnh. Cc iu kin ny phi c kim tra cn thn.
Sau y l 4 iu kin ct gt cn phi quan tm khi gia cng
1. Tc trc chnh (Spindle Speed) (min-1).
S400;.................Tc trc chnh 400v/ph
ch
min-1 c ngha l vng/pht
2. Tc tin dao ct (Cutting Feedrate) (mm/min)

Tc tin dao c t trc tip sau a ch F
F100;................. Tc tin dao 100m/ph
3. Chiu su ct (Depth of cut)
Bi Qu Tun
Khng c chc nng c bit xc nh chiu su ct. Chiu su ct t

c bng cch di chuyn dng c theo trc Z.
Vi nguyn cng gia cng l, chiu su ct c th c ch nh
bng cch s dng mt a ch. Vi nguyn cng gia cng l, chiu
su ct c th ch ra bng a ch.(c th hn, c th tham kho phn
sau ca gio trnh).
ch
4. Chiu rng ct.(Cutting Width).

Khng c chc nng c bit ch nh chiu rng ct Chiu rng ct t
c bng cch di chuyn dng c theo trc X v Y.
11. Cc dng m lnh.

Mt chng trnh c lp bng cch s dng k t v ch s.
Cc m lnh G,M,S,F,T,D,v H l th hin cc chc nng chnh.Chi tit v
cc m lnh ny s c trnh by chng B v cc chng k tip.
Bng di y s khi qut cc chc nng trn.
M
Cc chc nng.
M G
Ch ra phng php gia cng trong mi khi lnh hoc

chuyn ng theo cc trc. Trc cc lnh ny, NC s
chun b cho chuyn ng trong mi khi lnh. V l do
ny, chc nng G cn c gi l chc nng chun b.
M M
Gi l cc chc nng ph v lm vic nh mt chc

nng h tr cho chc nng G.
V d :M08;.................. .bt dung dch lm ngui.
M09;....................tt dung dch lm ngui.
t tc quay ca trc chnh .
V d :S400;..................l tc trc vi 400vng/pht.
t tc tin dao
V d :F100;..................l lng tin dao 100mm/pht.
M S
M F
M T
Bi Qu Tun
Ch nh m s dng c.
V d :T1;......................l gi dng c ct s 1.
Ch nh m s b bn knh dng c
V d:D1;.......................b bn knh dng c theo gi tr
lu trong a ch 1 ca b nh.
Ch nh m s b chiu di dng c
V d :H01.....................b chiu di dng c theo gi tr
lu trong a ch 1 ca b nh.
M D
M H
T v a ch.
Bng di y a ra v gii thch cc T v a ch c s dng
trong chng trnh :
Chc nng
S chng trnh
a ch
:(ISO)/O(EIA).
ngha.
S chng trnh
S th t
Chc nng chun b.
T kho kch thc
N
G
X,Y,Z,A,B,C
R
I,J,K
S th t
Dng chuyn ng
Lnh di chuyn theo cc
trc:
Cung bn knh, gc R.
To tm ....
Chc nng tin dao
Chc nng tc quay

trc chnh .
Chc nng dng c
Tc tin dao,bc
ren.
Tc quay trc chnh.
Chc nng hn hp
M s b dng c
Dng
S chng trnh
nh r s tip theo
Lp i lp li
Bi Qu Tun
T
M B
H
P,U,X
P
P,Q
P
S hiu dng c s ,m
s b dng c .
iu khin tt m
my.......
.........................................
M s b
Thi gian dng.
gi s tn chng trnh
con.
S ln lp trong chng
trnh
m s ln lp trong
chng trnh con
T v a ch
Bng di y gii thch s khc bit ca T v a ch trong chng trnh.
a ch
ngha
Xc nh v tr trn trc B (lnh tuyt

i)
Ch nh gc quay ca trc chnh
(lnh tuyt i)
Tc tin dao.
Phng php gia cng v chuyn
ng ca cc trc trong mi khi
lnh thuc chng trnh
Ch nh gc quay ca trc chnh
(lnh gia s )
C
F
G
Mt thnh phn ca lnh ni suy

cung trn, tng ng vi lng di
chuyn theo trc X

chuyn theo trc Y
chuyn theo trc Z
iu khin cc chc nng ON/ OFF
ca my.
N
Bi Qu Tun
S th t
S chng trnh.
t thi gian dng v tn chng

trnh con
Chiu su ct mi lt khi s dng

chu trnh gia cng l .
Gi tr bn knh trong lnh ni suy

cung tron.
Tc quay trc chnh
S dng c.
V tr trn trc X (lnh gia s) v
lnh thi gian trong chc nng dng
.
S
T
U
W
X
Z
V tr trn trc Z (lnh gia s) v

V tr trn trc Y (lnh gia s) v
V tr trn trc Z (lnh tuyt i)
12. Mu c bn ca mt chng trnh.

y l mu on chng trnh khi lp chuong trnh cho cc dng c (phay
b mt, phay ngn vv....).:
O0001;..........................Tn chng trnh (Dng lnh ny ch c a
ra mt ln vo thi im bt u chng trnh).
N1;............................... S? th t (dng lnh ny ch c a ra mt ln
Bt u nguyn cng hay bc mi).
Bi Qu Tun
G90G00G54X_Y_; ......Chy dao nhanh n X_Y theo to tuyt i

im gc phi c xc nh bi G54 d?n G59.
G43Z_H_S_T_(M08); Di chuyn dao n to Z gi gi tr b dao H
theo chiu Z ca dao v gi dng c tip theo
(T) ti v tr thay dao.
t tc trc chnh quay vi vn tc S v lnh bt
dung dch ti ngui (M08)
ch
M03;
G00 Z_(M09);
G91G28Z0M05;
M01;
M06
M08 c th c b i nu khng cn ti ngui

Quay trc chnh theo chiu thun
Rt dng c tr v, tt dung dch lm ngui.
Tr v im gc my, dng trc chnh
Dng tm thi
i dng c
N2................................
.....................................
M6................................
M30;
Kt thc chng trnh ,quay v dng u chng
trnh
13. Nhng ch khi lp chng trnh.

13.1. S chng trnh.
Tt c cc tn chng trnh phi trong khong 4 ch s. Tuy nhin,
khng cn thit phi vit y c 4 ch s. Mt tn chng trnh c
nhp t hn bn ch s s c nhn ra v hin th thnh mt tn bn ch s
sau khi c nhp vo NC. Nu nhp vo l O1, NC s nhn ra v hin th
thnh O0001.
ch
Vic nhp tn chng trnh nm ch s hoc hn l khng c

php.
13.2. Khong cch gia lnh trong chuong trnh.
Bi Qu Tun
O0001;
G91 G28 Z0 T9001;
M06;
N1;
G90_G00 G54 X90 Y105.0;..................................(1).
G43_Z30.0 H1 S440 T5002;
Khong trng.
Mt chng trnh s c vit theo cch sau y:

Trn dng (1), 1 khong trng c t gia G00 v G90. Khi nhp chng
trnh, khng th chn 1 khong trng vo gia cc t lnh. Tuy nhin khi
nhp chng trnh vo b nh NC, mt khong trng s c t ng chn
vo gia cc t lnh.
13.3. Du v k hiu.
Mt chng trnh c lp bng cc k t Alphabet, cc du +,-,cc
k hiu, cc ch s v du chm thp phn. Ngoi ra, ti cui im mi
khi lnh s dng du ; kt thc lnh v k hiu / b qua mt khi
lnh.
Chc nng b qua mt dng lnh:
ch
Nu chc nng ny c kch hot, cc dng lnh bt u bng
du / s c b qua cho ti dng lnh tip theo. Chng trnh tip tc
thc hin cc dng lnh khng cha du /.
Nu chc nng b qua mt dng lnh khng c kch hot,
chng trnh s thc hin tt c cc dng lnh , k c nhng dng lnh c
du / .
Cc k hiu sau y u c s dng: [,] [*] [ [ ] ] [( )] [#].
Ch k hiu [ @ ] khng c dng.
13.4 Nhp du chm thp phn.

Vi h NC, c th s dng du chm thp phn vo d liu s, bao gm
nh khong cch, gc, thi gian, tc .
Cc a ch sau cho php s dng du chm thp phn.
Kho?ng cch v gc : X,Y,Z,U,W,A,B,C,I,J,K,Q,R.
Th?i gian
:X
T?c d? ti?n dao
: F
Bi Qu Tun
Khi a mt gi tr s sau mt a ch, phi chc chn gi tr a l

chnh xc, nu thiu hoc sai v tr ca du chm thp phn c th
gy va p khi chy chng trnh s c th gy h hng
my.
s dng h mm, s dng G21.
X1.0
=
X1mm
X1
=
X0.001 mm
(Nu khng c du chm thp phn, chng trnh s coi gi tr
theo n v nh nht )
s dng h inch, s dng G21.
X1.0
=
X1inch
X1
=
X0.001 inch
(Nu khng c du chm thp phn, chng trnh s coi gi tr
theo n v nh nht) .
ch
(2)
C nhiu gii hn trong cc n v s dng, tu

thuc vo loi a ch s dng.
Cc n v s dng l: mm inch , v giy.
X150.0 X15mm hay X15inches.
G04 X10 D?ng 1 giy.
F10.0
10 mm/rev, 10 mm/pht,10inch/rev, 10 inch/pht
(2) Trong trng hp s dng lnh thi gian dng, du chm
thp phn c th s dng vi a ch X. Tuy nhin,
khng c s dng du chm thp phn nu dng a
ch P, v a ch P ng thi cng dng ch s
th t.
(1) gi m lnh dng trong 1gi:
G04 X3600.0
(1gi = 3600s).
Trong chng trnh hay trong mt khi lnh c th dng hoc khng
dng du chm thp phn.
X1000 Z23.7;
X10.0 Z22359;
Bi Qu Tun
(1)
Chng B
M lnh G
____________________________________
1.
Danh sch cc m G.
M G c th coi l m lnh chu?n b?. M G, bao gm cc a ch G

v gi tr s, sau xc nh cc phng php gia cng v chuyn ng trn
cc trc trong mt cu lnh. H NC s thit lp cc dng iu khin p
ng m G c ch ra.
Gi tr s theo sau a ch G nh ngha cc lnh, c vit trong tng khi.
Ph thuc vo cc m G tip sau, chng s c phn loi thnh 2 kiu sau:
Kiu lnh
Dng m G n
(M G trong 1 nhm 00
ngoi tr G10 v G11)
Dng m G Module
(M G theo nhm )
ngha
Ch c hiu lc trong mt khi xc nh
M G c hiu lc cho n khi mt m G

khc c a ra
V d, G00 v G01 c 2 u l dng m theo module , chng u l

dng m G theo nhm, tr nhm 00.
G01 X_ Y_ ;
G01 C hiu lc trong on
X_;
chng trnh ny
Y_;
G00 X_ Y_;
ch
1. Khi a ra m G trong mt cu lnh,

2.
3.
chng phi c t trc

a ch. Nu t m G sau mt a ch m n thit lp ch lm
vic, ch c thit lp s khng c hiu lc vi a ch .
Trong cng mt cu lnh, c th s dng nhiu m G, iu ny tu
thuc tng nhm m G khc nhau.
Nu nhiu m G a ra trong 1 cu lnh, cc m G ch ra sau
cng s c hiu lc.
Bi Qu Tun
4. Nu 1 m G khng c trong bng m G hoc khng c trong phn

5.
6.
7.
la chn b xung a ra, tn hiu cnh bo (No. 010) s hin trn

mn hnh.
NC thit lp ch m G , xc nh bi biu tng ?, khi ngun
in c bt ln.
taro cng, t M29 S_ trong khi lnh trc khi lnh cha
G84 hoc G74.
i vi cc my c APC, im gc th 3,4 c dng iu
khin APC , khng dng cho mc ch khc.
M
G00
G01
G02
Nhm
01
G03
G04
G09
G10
G10.6
G11
G17
G18
G19
G20
G21
G27
G28
G29
G30
G30.1
G31
G33
G40
G41
00
02
06
00
01
07
G42
Bi Qu Tun
M lnh
Xc nh v tr
Ni suy tuyn tnh
Ni suy cung trn/xon vt/ xon Acsimet/ hnh nn
cng chiu kim ng h.
Ni suy cung trn/xon vt/ xon Acsimet/ hnh nn
ngc chiu kim ng h.
Dng tnh tin dng c/Dng chnh xc
Dng chnh xc
Thay i h to phi
Hu ch G10
Chn mt mt phng gia cng XY
Chn mt mt phng gia cng XZ
Chn mt mt phng gia cng ZY
t n v lm vic theo h inch
t n v lm vic theo h mm
Quay v gc my
Tr quay v gc my t ng
Quay v gc my th 2, th 3 hoc th 4
im O th hai /th ba, th t
B qua m lnh
Ct ren
Hu b hiu chnh b bn knh
Hiu chnh bn knh dng c ct, dao bn tri cng
tua gia cng
Hiu chnh bn knh dng c ct, dao bn phi
cng tua gia cng
G43
G44
G45
G46
G47
G48
G49
G52
G53
G54
G55
G56
G57
G58
G59
G60
G61
G62
G63
G64
G65
G66
G67
G72.1
G72.2
G73
G74
G76
G80
G81
G82
G83
G84
G84.2
G84.3
G85
G86
G87
G88
Bi Qu Tun
08
00
08
00
14
00
15
00
12
B chiu di dng c , +
B chiu di dng c , B v tr dng c , tng
B v tr dng c , gim
B v tr dng c , tng 2 ln
B v tr dng c , gim 2 ln
Hu b chiu di dng c
t h to a phng
La chn h to my
La chn h to phi th nht
La chn h to phi th hai
La chn h to phi th ba
La chn h to phi th t
La chn h to phi th nm
La chn h to phi th su
Tip cn theo mt hng
M lnh dng chnh xc
Ch Taro
Ch ct gt (ch kim tra dng chnh xc)
Gi marco
Gi nhm marco
Hu gi nhm marco
00
09
Chu
trnh
gia
cng
l
Gia cng l su tc cao

Chu trnh taro
Chu trnh khot l
Hu chu trnh gia cng l
Chu trnh khoan l nng
Chu trnh khot l bc
Chu trnh gia cng l su
Chu trnh taro
Chu trnh taro cng
Chu trnh taro cng, ren tri
Chu trnh khot l
Chu trnh khot l
Chu trnh khot l, mt sau.
Chu trnh khot l
G89
Chu trnh khot l

03
G90
G91
G92
G94
G95
G96
G97
G98
G99
2.
00
13
10
t h to tuyt i
t h to gia s
i h to phi/ t tc quay ln nht
t tc tin dao /pht
t tc tin dao /vng
Tc b mt khng i
Hu tc b mt khng i
t kiu rt dao, trong chu trnh gia cng l
t kiu rt dao, trong chu trnh gia cng l
Cc dng to ( G90 , G91).

(Lnh t to tuyt i v gia s )
Nhng m lnh nhm xc nh dng chuyn ng t v tr hin ti ti

v tr tip theo (im ch)
(1). Chuyn ng trong to tuyt i . G90
(2). Chuyn ng trong to giai s ....G91
Cu lnh vi h to tuyt i G90
Khi lnh tuyt i ch ra to im ch theo h to ca gc
phi
(X0,Y0,Z0).
Cu lnh t h to gia s G91
Lnh vi h to gia s nh ngha to im ch bng hnh trnh
cn di chuyn trn cc trc ti im tnh t v tr hin ti. Chiu dng
ch ra rng v tr im tip theo nm theo hng dng so vi im hin ti.
Khi lnh tuyt i
G90 X_Y_Z_;
2.
Khi lnh gia s
G91 X_Y_ Z_;
G90 .. ra lnh lm vic vi h to tuyt i.
G91 .. ra lnh lm vic vi h to gia s.
X,Y,Z (G90 ) ch ra hng v khong cch ti im
ch, tnh t gc phi
(G91) ch ra khong di chuyn ti im ch tnh
t im hin ti.
1.
Bi Qu Tun
ch
Khi s dng G90, n s c hiu lc kho n khi G91 c

s dng trong chng trnh. Tng t nh vy, G91 s c
hiu lc, nu c ch ra trong chng trnh, cho n khi a ra G90.
Nhng m G nh vy c gi l m G module.
i vi nhm m G, tham kho B-1(1.)

K hiu chiu dng (+) c th b qua , k t (-) phi ghi y .
Lp trnh s dng G90 v G91 t (1)-(2)

Y
Chng trnh cho dng c chuyn ng theo trc X & trc Y

<Vi lnh tuyt i >
G90G00 X10.0 Y10.0....................(1)
X-20.0 Y20.0................................(2)
< Vi lnh gia s >
G90 G00 X10.0 Y10.0;.................
(1)
G91 X-30.0 Y10.0;........................(2)
Gi tr c vit trong (O,O) hnh
minh ho bn tri, ch ra gi tr to
Bi Qu Tun
ca (X,Y)
Chng trnh s dng G90 & G91 ( 2 )
Lp trnh chuyn ng (1)- (2)- (3)- (4) trn trc X , Y , Z
< Vi h to tuyt i >

G90 G00 X-175.0 Y-100.0 Z50.0 ; .......(1)
X175 (Y-100.0 ) ( Z50.0 ) ; .(2)
( X175.0 ) Y100.0 ( Z50.0 ) ; ..(3)
X-175 (Y100.0 ) ( Z50.0 ) ; .(4)
< Vi h to gia s >
G90 G00 X-175.0 Y-100.0 Z50.0 ;.(1)
G91 X350 (Y0) (Z0) ;.......(2)
(X0 ) Y200.0 (Z0) ; ...(3)
X-350.0 (Y0) (Z0) ; ..........(4)
Cc t lnh trong ( ..............) c th b qua.
Cc lnh vit trong k hiu (...) c th c b qua.
Bi Qu Tun
Chng trnh s dng G90 v G91 ( 3 )

Lp trnh di chuyn dng c theo (1) (2) (3) (4) trn trn trc X
v Y, s dng vi h tuyt i v gia s.
G90 G00 X10.0 Y10.5;...................(1)

X-20.0 Y20.0;.................................(2)
G91 X5.0 Y-30.0;..........................(3)
X25.0 Y-10.0;.................................(4)
G90 X20.0 Y-10.0;........................(5)
5. G00 Di chuyn dng c vi tc chy khng

ct.
(Tc tin dao ln nht)
Khi s dng khi lnh G00, tt c cc lnh

chuyn ng u thc hin vi tc chy
dao nhanh nht.
M G00 thng xuyn c s dng trong 4
hot ng sau:
1. Di chuyn ti im bt u gia cng

(Di chuyn dng c ti gn phi)
2. Sau qu trnh ct gt
Rt dao ra khi phi, khi ct gt kt thc,
di chuyn n vng gia cng tip theo.
Bi Qu Tun
Khi di chyn dng c vi tc chy dao nhanh khng ct, phi

chc chn khng c vt cn no trn ng dng c.
3. Kt thc gia cng
a dng c ra xa phi khi qu trnh ct gt kt thc.
G00 X_Y_Z_;
G00 ............. gi m lnh chy dao nhanh
X,Y, Z v tr.
Nu chuyn ng trn cc trc X,Y,Z c a ra ng thi trong
cng mt khi lnh th ng chy dao c th l ng cho t
im hin ti n im cui lp trnh. Do , khi chy dao nhanh,
nht thit phi m bo trn ng chy dao khng c vt cn. Nu gp
nhng vt cn nh g, phi...., dng c ct hoc i dao c th b va p,
dn n s c h hng.
1.
ch
Khi s dng G00 trong chng trnh, n lun c hiu lc

cho n khi mt m G khc trong nhm 01 c a ra ( G00,
G01, G02 , G03.

2.
3.
4.
Vi m G, c th tham kho trong B_1(1.).

Tc chy dao nhanh thay i tu thuc vo tng my .
Trn mt my c th, tc chy dao nhanh c iu chnh mt
cch thch ng bng cng tc iu khin, trn bng iu khin.
Nu cng tc iu khin tc chy dao trn bng iu khin t v
0, tc chy dao nhanh khng c thc hin .
Chng trnh s dng G00.
- Chng trnh iu khin dng c ct di chuyn theo (1) (2)

(3) (4)
Bi Qu Tun
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00X33.0 Y25.0 .Chy dao nhanh ti im 1
X-31.0 ...Chy dao nhanh ti im 2
X15.0 Y-15.0 ...Chy dao nhanh ti im 3
X15.0 Y25.0 Chy dao nhanh ti im 4
V G00 thuc nhm m G module, n s c hiu lc trong cc khi
lin tip, do tt c cc lnh di chuyn trong cc khi lnh trn u
c thc hin tc chy dao nhanh.
7. Di chuyn dng c theo ng thng vi tc chy

dao ct gt.
S dng lnh G01, dng c
chy theo ng thng gia cng
Tc tin dao xc nh bng gi
tr ghi sau m F, chnh l tc
tin dng c trong mt pht.
Bi Qu Tun
Lnh ny c s dng cho phay mt u, phay hc s dng dao

phay ngn, hoc dao hc c gn mnh ct.
ch
3.
G01 X_Y_Z_F_;
G01 .............Gi m lnh ni suy tuyn tnh.
X,Y,Z..........Ta im ch gia cng.
F...................Lng chy dao.
1. Khi lnh G01 c s dng, n c hiu lc cho n khi mt
m G khc trong nhm 01 c ch ra. ( v d G00, G02, G03).
2. Tc tin dao c th c iu chnh bng cng tc iu
khintrn bng iu khin, phm vi iu chnh t 0%-150%.
Khi bt u chng trnh, tc tin dao c t bng 0. Nu
khng t tc tin dao sau m F, chng trnh s hin th thng bo
li (No.011).
Chng trnh s dng G01.

Chng trnh iu khin dng c ct chuyn ng t (1)-(2)-(3)-(4)
vi tc ct.
O0001;
N1;
G90 G01 X33.0 Y25.0 F500;Chy dao ti im (1), vi tc

tin dao l 500mm/min.
X-31.0....................................................Chy dao ti im (2), vi tc
X15.0 Y15.0F250 ..................................Chy dao ti im (3), vi tc
Bi Qu Tun

X15.0 Y-25.0..........................................Chy dao ti im (4), vi tc
G01 l m G module, n c tc dng vi cc khi tip theo. Chnh
v vy, cc lnh chuyn ng trn c thc hin vi cng mt tc
tin dao cho n khi gp tc tin dao mi.
8. G02, G03 di chuyn dng c theo cung trn vi

tc tin dao ct gt.
G02, G03 c s dng khi gia cng cung trn.

1.
Ni suy cung trn trn mt phng XY

G17 G02(G03)X_Y_I_J_F_;
G17 G02(G03)X_Y_R_F_;
2. Ni suy cung trn trn mt phng ZX
G18 G02(G03)X_Z_I_K_F_;
G18 G02(G03)X_Z_R_F_;
3.
Ni suy cung trn trn mt phng ZY
G19 G02(G03)X_Z_J_K_F_;
G19 G02(G03)X_Z_R_F_;
-G17, G18, G19 ...La chn mt phng ni nh cung
trn c nh ngha.
-G02..........................................Gi ni suy cung trn theo chiu kim
ng h.
Bi Qu Tun
-G03..........................................Gi ni suy cung trn ngc chiu

kim ng h.
-X ,Y ,Z....................................To im cui cung trn.
-I, J, K.......................................Khong cch v chiu tnh t im
bt u cung trn n tm cung trn.
-R... ..Bn knh cung trn.
-F......Tc chy dao.
ch
2.
3.
Khi bt u bt in, G17 (la chn mt phng XY) c

la chn ngm nh. Nu mun gia cng cc cung trn
trn mt phng ZX,ZY , cn chn mt phng bng lnh
G18,G19.
Thng thng, cc cung trn c thc hin trn
mt phng XY (G17). khi gia cng trn mt ZX v YZ la
chn mt phng bng lnh G18,G19.
Du (+) v (-), vi lnh R xc nh theo quy tc sau y.
-Vi cung trn 1800 c th dng c du (+), (-).
-Nu cung trn nm trong cung 1800, R>0.
-Nu cung trn ln hn cung 1800, R<0.
R>0
Cung trn 1800 hoc nh hn.
R<0
Cung trn 1800 hoc ln hn.
Khi ch nh bn knh R, gi tr R phi tun theo nhng iu
kin sau:
1.
R-
L
R
2
Bn knh
cung trn
4.
5.
(mm)
L Chiu di dy cung.
Khi ct mt cung trn kn, khng s dng lnh R. S dng I, J,
v K nh ngha bn knh.
Khi lnh I, J, K c s dng cng vi lnh R trong cng cu
lnh, lnh R s c u tin . I,J,K khng c s dng.
ct cung trn mt cch chnh xc, s dng lnh I, J, K thay
v R. Nu nh lnh R c s dng th c nhiu trng hp
tm ca ng trn khng c xc nh chnh xc do sai s
Bi Qu Tun
ca php ni suy cung trn.

G02, G03 c xc nh bng cch quan st theo chiu ngc
vi chiu dng ca ca trc. Trc quan st l trc khng nm
trn mt phng ang lm vic.
V d, trn mt phng XY (G17), lnh G02 c xc nh bng
cch quan st cung trn ngc chiu vi chiu dng ca trc Z.
Lp trnh s dng G02 v G03(1)
nh ngha mt ng trn kn.
Gi tr la chn trong (O, O ), trong hnh minh ho di y ch th
gi tr to (X, Y)
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 X70.0 Y50.0;......Di chuyn ti v tr 1 vi tc tin

dao nhanh.
G01 X0 F500;.....................Di chuyn ti v tr 2 vi tc tin
dao 500mm/pht.
G03 J_50.0;....Ct ng trn ngc chiu kim ng h
vi tc tin dao 500mm/pht.
Bi Qu Tun
ch
Khi ct cung trn kn, to X,Y s khng a ra v im u v

im cui trng nhau.
Khong cch t im u ti tm ng trn l 50mm, theo hng
ngc chiu ca trc Y.
G01 X-60.0........Di chuyn dng c ct ti v tr 3 vi tc
tin dao 500mm/ph.
Lp trnh s dng G02 v G03(2).
Lp trnh gia cng t (1)-(2)-(3)-(4)-(5)-(6)-(7)-(8)-(9)-(1).
O0001;
N1;
G90 G01 X28.0 Y0 F500 ;..............Di chuyn ti v tr 1 vi lng
chy dao 500mm/min.
Cc lnh chuyn ng trong cc
khi lnh tip theo c thc hin
vi cng tc tin dao 500mm/pht.
Bi Qu Tun
Y20.0;..............................................Di chuyn ti im 2
G03 X18.0 Y30.0 I-10.0; ................Ct ng trn (ngc chiu kim ng
h ) n im 3 (bn knh 10mm).
Lnh I trong khi lnh ny khng c
ngha c bit. C th s dng R10.0
thay cho I-10.0.
G01 X-8.0;......................................Di chuyn dng c ti im 4.
G02 X-28.0 Y10.0 R20.0;..............Ct cung trn (cng chiu kim
ng h) ti im 5. (bn knh 20.0mm)
G01 X-10.0;....................................Di chuyn dng c ti im 6.
G02 X-8.0 Y-20.0;..........................Ct cung trn (cng chiu kim
ng h) ti im 7. (bn knh 20.0mm)
G01 X8.0;.......................................Di chuyn dng c ti im 8
G91 G03 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;........Ni suy cung trn (ngc chiu kim
ng h) ti im 9. (bn knh 20.0mm).
Khi cc lnh c t theo dng h to
gia s, (X10.0,Y10,0) ch ra khong
cch t im u ti im cui cung
trn.Vic a cc lnh trong h to
gia s ch nhm mc ch tham kho, n
khng c ngha g c bit.
G90 G01 Y0 ;..........................Di chuyn dng c ti im 1( lnh trong
h tuyt i )
9. G04 Thc hin dng tm thi.

Lnh G04 s dng dng tm thi mt
chng trnh trong qu trnh gia cng mt
cch t ng trong mt khong thi gian
xc nh.
M lnh ny c gi l m lnh
dng.
S dng m lnh dng chuyn ng
ca cc trc, ti mt y l gia cng.
Bi Qu Tun
Trc chnh vn quay.

Bng vic duy tr tc quay ti y l gia cng, chnh xc ca
y l c nng cao v phn ct lm cng c kim sot.
Khi dng chng trnh bng lnh G04 ti y l, v d nh
la chn thi gian dng cho php trc quay quay ti y l. Nu nh
thi gian dng qu lu, c th lm gim tui bn ca dng c i khi
cn lm nh hng ti chnh xc b mt.
ch
Lnh G04 dng ch cho nguyn cng phay l hoc khot l.
G04P_;
G04X_;
+G04 ........Gi l m lnh dng
+P..........Thi gian dng.
n v ca thi gian dng 0.001 giy.
Khng dng du chm thp phn.
V d: P1000 1 giy
+X .......Thi gian dng.
Ch ra thi gian dng s dng du chm thp phn
X1.0..............1 giy
X1................0.001giy
ch
1) Khi a ch P c s dng xc nh thi gian

dng, khngdng du chm thp phn.
Dng trong 1.5 giy G04 P1500.
Dng trong 2.3 giy G04 P2300.
2) Phm vi thi gian dng cho php trong khong : 0.001 n
99999.999 giy
3) Lnh G04 ch c gi tr trong mt khi lnh c th.
4) Tnh ton thi gian cho mi vng quay trc chnh theo cng
thc sau:
t (sec) =
Bi Qu Tun
60(sec)
SpindleSpeed (min1 )
Lp trnh s dng G04.

Gia cng l su 10mm v dng ti y l, s dng dao phay ngn.
Chy dao nhanh

Chy dao ct
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2 ;..........t tc quay trc chnh 800v/pht.
M03;.....Quay trc chnh theo theo chiu kim
ng vi tc 800v/pht.
G01 Z2.0 F2000; ...................Di chuyn ti im (1), tc tin dao
2000mm/min.
Z-10.0 F50;...............................Di chuyn ti im 2 , y l, tc
tin dao 50mm/min.
G04 P100;..............Dng chuyn ng tin dao 0.1s ti
y l.
Thi gian mt vng quay trc chnh:
t1v =
60(sec)
= 0.075s
800(min 1 )
dng chng trnh trong mt

khong thi gian tng ng hoc
hn mt vng quay trc chnh, t
thi gian dng l 0.1s.
G01 Z2.0;...................Rt dng c t im 2 v im 1 ti
tc tin dao 50mm/min.
Bi Qu Tun
5.
G17 G18 G19 La chn mt phng gia cng.

thc hin ni suy cung
trn, b bn knh dng c, quay
h to , sao chp theo gc
quay, sao chp song song, v
khoan, cn thit phi chn mt
phng lm vic.
Thng thng s dng mt
phng XY, bng cch gi lnh
G17. Tuy nhin, c nhiu trng
hp phi c thc hin trn mt
phng ZX hoc YZ. la chn
mt phng XZ hoc YZ s dng
G18, G19.
G17 ;..Mt phng XY( c mc nh khi

bt my).
G18 ;..Mt phng ZX.
G19 ;..Mt phng YZ.
1. G17 c t ng la chn khi bt my.
ch
2. Cc lnh di chuyn theo cc trc khng b nh hng bi
mt phng c chn.
G17 G02 X_Y_R_F_;
G01 Z_ .............................................Trc Z di chuyn c lp
vi mt phng chn.
3. Khi a ra lnh ni suy cung trn hoc b dng c (G40-G42),
n cnh bo s hin th trn mn hnh nu mt phng la chn
khng ph hp vi lnh s dng.
G17 G02 X_Y_R_FTn hiu cnh bo s xut hin.
Chng trnh phi l:
G17 G02X_Z_R_F_;
Chng trnh s dng G17, G18 hoc G19 (1)

Lp trnh cung trn t (1)-(2)-(3) ch ra theo minh ho di y:
Bi Qu Tun
Gi tr (O, O, O) trong phn minh ho di y ch ra gi tr to

(X,Y,Z).
O0001;
N1;
(G17) G01 X10.0 Y5.0 Z0 F100nh v ti im 1
trn mt phng XY.
G02 X5.0 Y0 R5.0; Di chuyn dng c
theo chiu kim
ng h n im
2 trn mt phng
XY. Ct cung trn
(bn knh 5.0 mm).
G18 G03 X10.0 Z-5.0 R5.0;Di chuyn dng
c ngc chiu
kim ng h
n im 3 trn
mt phng XZ.
Ct cung trn
(bn knh 5.0 mm).
Bi Qu Tun
G19 G02 Y5.0 Z 0 R5.0 ; .......Di chuyn dng

c theo chiu kim
ng h n im 1
trn mt phng ZY.
Ct cung trn (bn
knh 5.0 mm).
Chng trnh s dng G17, G18 hoc G19 (2)

Lp chng trnh gia cng 3 cung trn (1)-(2)-(3), (1)-(4)-(2), (3)-(4)(5) (bn knh 10mm) trong gia cng bn cu nh hnh v.
Gi tr c vit trong (O,O,O) trong hnh minh ho di y ch

to (X,Y,Z).
(Gia cng cung trn (1)-(3)-(2))

Bi Qu Tun
..........................
(G17) G01 X10.0 Y10.0 Z0 F100;. Di chuyn dng
c ti im 1 trn
mt phng XY.
G02 X10.0 Y0 R10.0;. Di chuyn dng c theo cung trn
cng chiu kim ng h n im 2
trn mt phng XY (bn knh 10.0
mm)
(gia cng cung trn (1)-(4)-(2))
..
G01 X10.0 Y0 Z0 F100...................... Di chuyn dng c ti im 1.
G18 G03 X10.0 Z-5 R5.0;Di chuyn dng c
theo cung trn
cng chiu kim
ng h n im
2 trn mt phng ZX (bn knh 10.0
mm)
Xc nh hng quay ca cung trn
(cng chiu hoc ngc chiu kim
ng h)bng cch quan st theo
hng ngc vi chiu dng ca
trc Y, trc khng nm trn mt
phng ZX.
( gia cng cung trn (3)-(4)-(5))
G01 X10.0 Y5.0 Z0 F100....................V tr im 3 trn mt phng
ZY
G19 G02 Y5.0 Z0 R5.00;..Ni suy cung trn
theo chiu kim
ng h ti im
3 trn mt phng
ZY. (bn knh 10.0 mm)
Xc nh hng quay ca cung trn (cng chiu hoc ngc chiu
kim ng h) bng cch quan st theo hng ngc vi chiu
dng ca trc Y, trc khng nm trn mt phng YZ.
Bi Qu Tun
10. Tr v im gc chnh ca my, hoc gc th

hai, th 3, th 4 ca my.
S dng lnh G30,G28 tr v cc gc
my trnh qu trnh tr v dng c c
th va vo phi, g.., dng c s di
chuyn thng t im hin ti v v tr gc
my ch nh. Lnh ny c s dng khi
cn thay dao, i phi, lm sch phi hoc
i bn my APC (APC h thng i bn
my t ng).
1.im O th ba hoc th t khng phi

lun tn ti trn cc tt c my. N c trn
cc loi my MV,SV v SVD, hoc cc my c trang b APC.
2.Vi cc loi my MV,SV,SVD c gn APC, im O th ba, bn
c trang b cho vic i bn my t ng, ngoi ra khng s dng cho
mc ch khc.
ch
1. im 0 my
G28 X_Y_Z_;
2. im 0 th hai
G30X_Y_Z_;
3. im 0 th ba v th t
G30 P3(P4)X_Y_Z_;
G28..Gi ch v gc my.
G30..Gi ch v gc th hai.
G30 P3.Gi ch v gc th ba.
G30 P4 .Gi ch v gc th 4.
X,Y,Z...............................Ch ra trc cn chy v gc.
Gi tr theo sau cc a ch X,Y,Z l to ca im trung gian m
dung c s i qua trc khi v gc my.
Bi Qu Tun
Cc v tr ca im O th 2,3,4 c thit lp bng cch t

khong cch t im gc my trong cc tham s iu khin 1241,
1242, 1243 tng ng.
Khi s dng my c trang b tnh nng i Pallet t ng, khng
c thay i cc tham s ny. Nu vic ci t b thay i sai, my s di
chuyn khng nh mong mun, lc c th gy nhiu s c nguy him.
1. Khi tr v gc my ( hay gc th 2,3,4) s dng G28,G30, nn

a trc Z tr v gc my ( hay gc th 2,3,4) trc. Sau , a
trc X v Y tr v. Nu a trc X v Y tr v trc, c th xy ra
va p dng c vi phi, g hay vt cn no trong vng gia cng, gy ra
s c nghim trng.
2. Khi a trc Z tr v im gc my( hay gc th 2,3,4), c th s dng
khi lnh bt k trong cc khi lnh sau G91 G30 Z0; , G91 G28 Z0; ,
G91 G30 P3(P4) Z0;.
Nu t G28 v G30 trong m lnh tuyt i (G90 G30 Z0; , G90 G28
Z0; , G90 G30 P3(P4) Z0); , trc khi v im gc my( hay gc my
th 2,3,4) trc Z s i qua im gc phi. Chuyn ng ny c th gy ra s
c va p vi phi, g hay bt c vt vn no trong vng gia cng, gy ra
s c nguy him.
i dng c ch
c th thc hin c khi c 3 trc X,Y,Z
ch
ng thi im gc
ca my.
G91 G30 Z0 M05;..............Tr v im 0 th 2.
M06;...................................i dng
c.
Chng trnh
s dng G30
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2;
.........................................Chng trnh gia cng
G91 G30 Z0 M05; ..........V im O th 2, dng quay trc chnh.
M01;
M06..........................................i dng c, ly dng c T2.
12. G40 G41 G42. B bn knh dng c.
Bi Qu Tun
B bn knh dng c c ngha l x dch ng

chy dao sang bn tri hoc phi t ng chy dao
lp trnh.
Thng thng, vic b bn knh dng c s
dng khi gia cng pocket hay phay contour, c s
dng dao phay ngn gia cng theo hnh dng
trn bn v.
Qu trnh s dng m lnh b dao gia
cng phi c hnh dng nh hnh bn, c gii
thch ngn gn nh sau:
ng dao chy qua cc im (1)-(2)-(3)-(4).
Khi tm dng c di chuyn dc theo bin dng nh
ngha, dng c s di chuyn theo ng c ch r
nh hnh v bn. Nu chng trnh khng s dng
b dao, phi sau khi ct s nh hn kch thc yu
cu ,c hnh dng nh hnh bn.
dch ng chy dao t ng chy dao lp
trnh, hy nhp gi tr bn knh dao vo d liu b
bn knh trn mn hnh TOOL OFFSET.
Nu s dng m lnh b bn knh, ng chy dao
thc t s c dch ra xa ng chy dao lp trnh bi mt lng b, nh
c minh ho hnh bn.
Vic s dng m lnh b bn knh, cho php ngi lp trnh khng cn phi
thc hin nhng tnh ton phc tp m c c hnh dng chi tit gia cng
theo yu cu.
1.
2.
3.
B bn knh dng c trn mt phng XY.

G17 G01 ( G00) G41 (G42) X_Y_D_F_;
G40 G01(G00) X_Y_I _J_ F;
B bn knh dng c trn mt phng ZX
G18 G01(G00) G41 (G42) X_Z_D_F_;
G40 G01(G00) X_ Z_I _ K_F_;
B bn knh dng c trn mt phng YZ
Bi Qu Tun
G19 G01 ( G00 ) G41 (G42) X_Y_D_F_;

G40 G01(G00) Y_Z_J _K_ F;
G17 G18 G19 La chn mt phng tin hnh b bn
knh.
G01 ( G00).............La chn dng ni suy b.
G00: chy dao nhanh.
G01: chy dao ct gt
G41........................Gi m lnh b bn
knh (b bn tri) ng
dng c thc t s c
dch sang tri so vi
ng lp trnh mt
lng b xc nh.
G42 .........................Gi m lnh b bn knh
(b bn phi) ng
dng c thc t s
c dch sang phi so
vi ng lp trnh mt
lng b xc nh.
G40........................Hu m lnh b bn knh.
X, Y ,Z..................To im cui.
I ,J , K
..........Hng ca phi c nh ngha trong cc
khi lnh tip sau, I J K l gi tr trong h
ta gia s
D ..........................M s a ch b bn knh.
F ...........................Tc tin dao.
4.
G43 G44 G49 B chiu di dng c.

Lnh G43 ,G44 c s dng
xc nh mi dng c theo trc Z. Do
chiu di ca cc dng c khc nhau nn
khi gia cng cn nh ngha li ta mi
tng dng c cho thng nht, bng cch s
dng m lnh b dng c ny
Bi Qu Tun
Mori Seiki ch s dng G43.

Khi nim chiu di dng c c gii thch nh sau (xem hnh minh
ho).
Trong mt chng trnh, lnh v tr dng c theo trc Z xc nh vi
u dng c.
V tr ca u dng c theo trc Z ti im O ca my thay i tu
thuc theo chiu di mi dng c. Do vy khi cha t lnh b dng c theo
chiu Z, dng c T1 ,T2 ,T3 v tr gc my theo chiu Z th ta mi ca
chng s khc nhau. Nh th nu c lnh di chuyn n Z 30.0. Th mi ca
tng dng c cng s n cc v tr khc.
Trong qu trnh xt t v tr, khong cch h1, h2 v h3 tnh t mi
cc dng c n v tr Z0 (ta gc ca phi theo chiu Z) c nhp vo
bng TOOL OFFSET( chnh l chiu di b dao cn thit). Th khi s
dng G43 trong chng trnh, lng b dao s c tnh ton, nu cc dng
c c lp trnh cng mt chiu cao (v d Z30.0 ), u cc dng c
cng di chuyn n v tr c cng chiu cao l Z30.0 so vi gc phi.
Trn mn hnh TOOL OFFSET, v d chiu di dng c c nhp:
1...........................-300.0 (Lng b ca dng c s 1 )
2...........................-270.0 (Lng b ca dng c s 2 )
3...........................-200.0 (Lng b ca dng c s 3 )
<Dng c 1>
nh v ti cao Z30.0
G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H1
-300.0 (Lng b ca dng c s 1)
+30.0 (v tr u dng c 1 so vi gc phi)
=-270.0
Dng c T1 chuyn ng n v tr 270mm,
theo chiu ca trc Z, t im gc my.
Bi Qu Tun
<Dung c 2>
nh v ti cao Z30.0
G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H2
=-240.0
<Dng c 3>
nh v ti cao Z30.0
G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H3
=--170
Bng vic s dng lnh G43 H_ b v tr dng c theo chiu di,

tt c cc mi dng c c nh v ti cng mt chiu cao so vi mt Z0
ca phi)
Bi Qu Tun
G43 Z_H_;
G49;
G43...............Lnh b chiu di dng c.
G49...............lnh hu ch b chiu di dng c.
Z ................Chiu cao t theo trc Z
H ................Xc nh a ch b chiu cao.
1.M lnh b chiu di cng c th c hu bng H0, thay v G49.
2.Nu s dng cc lnh G28,G30,G30.1, ch b dng c s b hu.
3.Thng thng, khng cn thit s dng G49, bi v dng c lun tr
v im O my, hay im khng th 2 (G28,G30), trc khi thc hin chu
trnh i dng c. Chu trnh ny s hu ch b dng c .
Lp trnh s dng G43 v G49.
O0
001;
N1
; ( T1
c t
trong trc
chnh)
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 ; ......Chy dao nhanh ti im (1) trong
h to phi c nh ngha
bi G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2; ...........Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30 (tnh t
gc phi) Thc hin b theo chiu Z
cho dng c s1
nh ngha tc quay cho trc
chnh (S800). a dng c T2 v v
tr ch thay dao.
M03;
.
.
Chng trnh gia cng
.
M01;
Bi Qu Tun
M06;
N2; ( T2 c t trong trc chnh)
G90 G00 G54 X40.0 Y0;... Chy dao nhanh ti im (2) trong h
to phi c nh gi bi G54.
G43 Z30.0 H2 S1000 T3; .........Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30 so vi
gc phi. Tin hnh b chiu Z cho
dng c 2.nh ngha tc quay ca
trc chnh. a dng c T2 v v tr
ch thay dao.
M03;
.
.
Chng trnh gia cng
.
M30;
Mu chng trnh c bn
O0001
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X- Y- ;
G43 Z- H- S- T-; ?
M03;
.
.
Chng trnh gia cng
M01;
M06;
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X- Y- ;
G43 Z- H- S- T-; ?
M03;
.
.
Chng trnh gia cng
................
M30;
25. G53 La chn h to my.

To ca my l to tnh so vi im gc ca my.
i vi cc my c trang b Sensor hoc s dng cc g chuyn
Bi Qu Tun
dng, c th di chuyn dng c ti mt v tr ca g vi tc

chy daonhanh, trong h to my G53. Cng c th dng G53 di
chuyn bn my ti trung tm my trc khi kt thc gia cng.
Gi tr ca h to my c th xc nhn bng cch quan st trn
v tr hin th trn mn hnh.
G90 G53 X_Y_Z_ ;

G90...............................Gi h to to tuyt i.
G53...............................La chn h to my.
X,Y,Z............................Gi tr to trong h to my.
1.
ch
3.
G53 thuc nhm lnh 00, l lnh ch c hiu lc dng

mt ln, ch c gi tr trong mt cu lnh.
2. G53 c gi tr trong h tuyt i (G90), khng c hiu
lc trong h gia s (G91).
Trc khi s dng G53, phi hu tt c cc m lnh b dao.
kt thc chng trnh, di chuyn bn my ra v tr gia ca hnh

trnh trc X ,Y (hnh trnh trc X : 1530mm, hnh trnh trc Y :
660mm).
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 ;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2;
M03;
.
.
Chng trnh gia cng
.
G91 G28 Z0 M05......................Dng trc chnh, tr v gc my.
M01;
M06;..........................................i ly dng c T2
G90 G53 X-765.0 Y-330.0........Di chuyn bn my nhanh ra im
gia hnh trnh ca trc X,Y.
M30;
Bi Qu Tun
3.
G54 G59 La chn h to phi
Qu trnh t gc h to gia cng c ngha l lm cho h NC hiu c

im O phi.
C th t ti 6 h to phi gi mt trong cc h to v s dng
bng m lnh G.
Thng thng, gi tr ca Z trong h to
ch
phi c t l 0.
(G90) , G54(G55, G56 ,G57, G58 ,G59 )X_Y_;
2.
3.
4.
G90 ...... Gi h to tuyt i

G54 n G59 . ..La chn mt h to lm vic
X, Y ..To dng c trong h to lm
vic c la chn
1.
H to G54 c chn mc nh khi bt u bt in
ch
my.
Nu s to nh ngha bi G54 - G59 khng s dung, c th
dng G10 (i to phi), G52( h to a phng), nh
ngha thm h to phi
Mt h to phi cng c th to ra bng cch Offset t h to
my.
Do c th s dng ti 6 h to phi t G54 - G59, nu vi trng
hp gia cng mt lc nhiu phi, thao tc s rt thun tin v nng
sut.
Bi Qu Tun
Lp trnh s dng G54 n G59(1)

Lp trnh cho phi nh hnh v, s dng G54.
im gc phi
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0; ..........Chy dao nhanh ti im O ca phi
theo trc X v Y trong h to G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2;............Chy dao nhanh ti cao Z30.0
Gi dao T2 ra v tr ch i dng c.
M03;..........Quay trc chnh vi tc 800 v/p
G01 Z3.0 F2000;
Z-5.0 F48 ;
.
.......................
Chng trnh gia cng .......................
Bi Qu Tun
Lp trnh s dng G54 n G59(2)
G54
G55
Lp trnh cho phi nh hnh v, s dng G54 v G55.

t h to lm vic bng G54,G55, cc v tr gia cng trn cc phi c v
tr ging nhau. im O phi t nh hnh v.
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X30.0 Y20.0;..Chy dao nhanh ti im (1)
Trong h to G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2 ;
M03;
X-30.0.......Chy dao nhanh ti im (2)
Y-20.0.......Chy dao nhanh ti im (3)
X30.0;.......Chy dao nhanh ti im (4)
G55 X30.0 Y20.0;...Chy dao nhanh ti im (5)
Trong h to c gi bi G55.
X-30.0;..Chy dao nhanh ti im (6)
Y-20.0;..Chy dao nhanh ti im (7)
X30.0;...Chy dao nhanh ti im (8)
Nh trn trnh by, Trong chng trnh trn, im O phi c
xc nh ring theo tng phi nh th vic lp trnh c n
gin ho i nhiu.
Bi Qu Tun
Chng C
M lnh M
1.
Bng m M.
M M cng c gi l m lnh ph, iu khin dng chng trnh, ng

thi n cng c gi l m lnh h tr cho m lnh G.
Khng s dng M31 v M32 tr khi vic s dng nhng khi
lnh ny cn thit cho vic x l hoc khi ng li cc hot ng b
gin on v s c.Trc khi s dng M31 v M32, hy lin h vi
nh sn xut.
1. Cho php s dng mt m M trong mt cu lnh. Tu
ch
tng trng hp, mt khi lnh c th cha ti 3 m M.
2. Chng ny s gii thch mt cch khi qut cc m M . mt s
dng my, tt c cc chc nng ny c th khng c h tr y
hoc c th c s dng cho nhng chc nng khc nhau hoc l
khng c miu t nh di y. Chi tit hn, tham kho s c
cung cp theo my hoc lin h vi Mori Seiki.
M
lnh
M00
M01
M lnh
Miu t
Dng chng trnh

Dng la chn
M02
Kt thc chng trnh
M03
Quay trc chnh bn phi
M04
Quay trc chnh bn tri
M05
M06
M07
Dng trc chnh

Thay dng c
kch hot qu trnh bm du trn
Dng chng trnh tm thi

Dng chng trnh tm thi
khi bt chc nng OSP, chng
trnh s tm dng khi gp lnh
M01. N s khng c tc dng khi
chc nng ny chuyn sang OFF.
Kt thc chong trnh v t li
NC
Con tr khng quay li u
chng trnh.
Khi ng trc chnh quay theo
chiu kim ng h.
Khi ng trc chnh quay ngc
chiu kim ng h.
Dng trc chnh
Khi ng chu trnh thay dao
kch hot qu trnh bm du
Bi Qu Tun
M10
M11
M19
M20
M21
M22
M23
M24
M25
M26
M27
M28
M29
M30
ngui.
Phun du ti ngui
Tt dung dch trn ngui
Tt bm du
Kp trc th 4
Nh kp trc th 4
nh hng trc chnh
T ng tt ngun in ca my
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
Dng taro cng
Kt thc chng trnh
M31
Kch hot m lnh kho trc
M32
M33
Hu lnh kho trc

Ct dng c
M40
M46
M47
M48
Bnh rng iu khin trc chnh

v tr trung gian
v tr 1
v tr 2
v tr 3
Tn hiu la chn cm bin ON
Tn hiu la chn cm bin OFF
Hu m lnh Override
M49
Kch hot m lnh Override
M50
Phun du trn ngui qua l mi
M08
M09
M41
M42
M43
Bi Qu Tun
Phun du ti ngui
Tt tt c cc ch bm du, v
phun du ti ngui
Kp trc th 4
Nh kp trc th 4
nh hng trc chnh
T ng tt ngun in ca my
Kt thc chng trnh, t li NC,

quay tr li u chng trnh
.................................
hy b M31
Tr dng c t trc chnh v
magazine
( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50,
1003 / 50.1)
( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50,
1003 / 50.1)
( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50,
1003 / 50.1)
( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50,
1003 / 50.1)
Chn cm bin lp ln trc chnh
Chn cm bin lp ln bn my
lm mt hiu lc chc nng iu
khin Override trn bng iu
khin
Kch hot chc nng iu khin
Override trn bng iu khin
khi ng du khoan
M51
M52
M53
M55
M58
M59
M60
M61
M62
M63
M64
M65
M66
M67
M68
M69
M70
M73
khoan
Thi kh ON
Thi kh lm sch
Thi kh lm sch cm binON
Phun du dng sng m ON
Cc m lnh phun kh lm sch
bi v cm bin OFF
Thi kh OFF
Khi ng thi kh
Thi kh lm sch
Thi kh lm sch cm binON
Bt phun du dng sng m
Tt tt c cc m lnh phun kh
lm sch bi v cm bin
Dng thi khng kh
Thng s k thut APC
Kim tra v tr trc Z

B qua dng cu ON
Kim tra tui bn dng c
Kp trc th 5
M kp trc th 5
m phi
i xng qua trc Y OFF
M74
i xng qua trc Y ON
M75
i xng qua trc X OFF
M76
i xng qua trc X ON
M77
M80
M81
M82
M83
M84
M85
M86
M88
M89
M96
M97
M98
M lnh ngoi vi
Vi phun ra phoi ON
Vi phun ra phoi OFF
Ca t ng ON
Ca t ng OFF
Bt mn hnh
Tt mn hnh
iu khin thch nghi ON
Lm ngui trc chnh ON
Lm ngui trc chnh OFF
Ch ngt marco
Hu dng ngt marco
Gi chng trnh con
Bi Qu Tun
Bt tn hiu b dng c
Tt m lnh ly i xng qua trc

Y
Bt m lnh ly i xng qua trc
Y
Tt m lnh ly i xng qua trc
X
Bt m lnh ly i xng qua trc
Y
Lm sch phoi
Thng s ca
Ngt marco ON
Ngt marco OFF
M99
Kt thc chng trnh con
M120
M121
M122
M123
M124
M125
M126
M127
M128
M129
M144
M145
M164
M165
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
M lnh ngoi vi
Cm bin quang hc ON
Cm bin quang hc OFF
Thi kh trc chnh ON
Thi kh qua l du
2.
Quay v chng trnh chnh t

chng trnh con hin ti
S dng ly tm t ng
M00, M01 Dng chng trnh v dng la chn.
Khi s dng M00 trong qu

trnh hot ng, my s dng v iu
kin.
Trc chnh quay, chuyn ng ca
cc trc, dung dch lm ngui cng
c dng.
Chng trnh s dng ti bt k v tr
no c lnh M00.
Khc vi M00, M01 ch c hiu lc
khi phm dng trn bng iu khin
chuyn sangOFF. Nu phm dng
ch ON, M01 s c tc dng nh
M00. Do vy, khi M01 c hiu lc,
dung dch lm mt, chuyn ng
quay v dch chuyn trc chnh s b
dng.
Khi cn thit, t M01 trong chng
trnh ti v tr cn dng. V d, s dng M01 khi gia cng phi th nht hoc
ct kim tra.
< S dng M01 v M00>
- kim tra kch thc phi gia cng.
Bi Qu Tun
-kim tra mi dao.

-lm sch phoi trong qu trnh gia cng.
M00;.......Gi m lnh dng.
M01;.......Gi m lnh dng la chn.
Khi chng trnh ang c dng bi M00 hoc M01, khng c
i dng c khng c di chuyn cc trc bng tay. Nu thc
hin mt hoc hai vic trn, hy a cc trc v trng thi trc khi
thay i. Sau , cc hot ng c th tip tc. Nu nh khng th a v
trng thi trc , rt c th s xy ra va p gia dng c v phi,
g..... hoc gia cng sai.
M00,M01 phi c t trong mt khi lnh c lp,
khng cha cc lnh khc.
2.
2. n ch th STATUS [M00/M01] s sng ln khi M01
hoc M00 c s dng.
Chng trnh c thc hin tip tc khi phm (ST) trn bng iu khin
c n. Khi M01,M00 c thc hin, lnh M03,M04 (khi ng quay
trc chnh) v lnh M08 (x dung dch lm mt) b ngt. Do , khi s dng
M01,M00, ht sc lu v tr t 2 lnh ny.
Khi khi ng li chng trnh b dng bi M00, M01, phi khi ng li
M03, M04 hoc M08 (nu cn).
- Cch thc lm vic ca M01, lin quan n trng thi
ca phm dng la chn trn bng iu khin, c gii thch di y:
- Chc nng dng la chn c bt.Lnh M01 s c
thc hin chng trnh b dng sau khi lnh cha M01.
- Chc nng dng la chn b tt.Lnh M01 s b b qua
v chng trnh c thc hin lin tc.
:
Lp trnh s dng M00 v M01
1.
ch
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X0 Y0..............Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (X0 Y0)
trong h to G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2..............Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30.0.
Gi dao T2 vo v tr ch thay dao.
M03............................................Quay trc chnh theo chiu kim ng
h 400-1 min.
...................................................Chng trnh gia cng.
Bi Qu Tun
M01; hoc M00;
<M01> Dng la chn

- Nu phm [OSP] trn bng iu
khin ON, M01 c thc hin,
chng trnh s dng khi gp M01.
khin OFF. M01 khng thc hin v
chng trnh chy lin tc.
<M00> Dng chng trnh
- Chng trnh c dng v my s
ngng tm thi. Sau khi lm sh
phoi, o kch thc..., n phm [ST]
v chng trnh khi ng li t khi
lnh tip theo.
M06.......................................i dng c.
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0
G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3
M03
.......................................Chng trnh gia cng.
M01; hoc M00;
M06;
M02, M30 Kt thc chng trnh, kt thc

chng trnh v lp li chng trnh.
Khi M02 hoc M30 c thc hin.
1) Tt c cc hot dng ca my
dng.
- Chuyn ng quay trc chnh
dng
- Di chuyn dc trc dng.
- Dng bm dung dch ti
ngui.
2) NC c Reset li
-Trong trng thi Reset li, cc
m G quay trng thi nh khi
my c ng in.Tuy nhin,
cc lnh G54 n G59, G20,
G21 vn duy tr.
-Lng chy dao(F) b hu,
Bi Qu Tun
nhng tc quay vn c
duy tr.
3) Trong trng hp s dng M30, con tr c quay li u chng
trnh.y l chc nng REWIND.
Lnh M30 bao gm m lnh rewind chng trnh. M lnh ny rt
thun tin khi gia cng cc phi ging nhau lin tc. M30 lun c
t ti cui cc chng trnh. Khi s dng M30, cc chng
trnh ging nhau c thc hin mt cch lp i lp li bng vic
n phm [ST].
ch
i vi cc my c trang b chc nng door interlock, tn

hiu cnh bo (EX1024) s hin trn mn hnh khi ca c m, v
mt khi ca c ng
M02;..........................................Kt thc chng trnh v NC c

Reset li
M30;..........................................Kt thc chng trnh v NC Reset
li, con tr a v u chng trnh.
ch
Khng c dng M30, M02 trong cng khi vi cc lnh

khc.
n ch th [ST] tt khi M30, M02 lm vic. ng thi n
[M02, M30] sng .
1)
2)
Chng trnh s dng M02, M30:

O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X0 Y0
....... Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (X0 Y0)

trong h to G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2
Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30.0.
Gi dao T2 vo v tr thay dao.
M03.....................................
quay trc chnh theo chiu kim
ng h 400 -1 min.
..........................................
Chng trnh gia cng.
M01
<M01> Dng la chn
Bi Qu Tun
M06............................
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0
G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3
M03
.......................................
M01 hoc M00
M06;
M30; hoc M02; ..................
4.
khin OFF. M01 khng c hiu lc

v chng trnh thc hin lin tc.
i dng c.
Chng trnh gia cng.
<M02> Kt thc chng trnh v t

ng dng.
<M30> Kt thc chng trnh v t
ng dng. Con tr v dng
u chng trnh (O0001)
M03, M04, M05 Quay v dng trc chnh.

Lnh M03, M04 c s dng khi
ng trc chnh vi tc ch ra trong
m lnh S. Lnh M05 c s dng
dng quay trc chnh
M03 ..........quay trc chnh theo hng
thun.
M04...........quay trc chnh theo hng
nghch.
M05...........dng trc chnh.
Khng c s dng M05, dng quay trc chnh,

khi dng c ang tip xc vi phi. Nu dng c
dng khi ang tip xc vi phi, c th gy m dao
hoc ph hng phi.
Khi ng trc chnh bng lnh M03, M04 trc khi dng c ct tip
xc vi phi (tr khi trong cc chu trnh taro cng ). Nu dng c bt
u quay trong trng thi tip xc vi phi, c th gy m dao hoc
ph hng phi.
Trc khi quay trc chnh bng lnh M03, M04, phi ch ra tc
quay bng m S.
1)
2)
ch
Bi Qu Tun
Vi m S, tham kho phn sau.

Lp trnh s dng M03, M04, M05
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............. Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (X0 Y0)
trong h to c gi bi G54.
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2
Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30.0.
M03.......................................... quay trc chnh theo chiu kim ng
h 400 -1 min. S dng M04 quay
trc chnh theo hng ngc chiu
kim ng h.
...................................Chng trnh gia cng.
G91 G28 Z0 M05
Dng trc chnh, tr v im gc
my.
M06....................................... i dng c.
5.
M06 i dng c.
Mnh M06 dng i dng c trn
trc chnh vi dng c v tr thay
trn Magazine. Khi M06 c thc
hin, m khng c dng c no v
tr tng ng trn magzine, dng c
trn trc chnh s c ct vo
magazine. Lnh M06 thc hin 1
lot tc v trong chu trnh thay dao
t ng gm quay tay gt, kp nh
dng c trn trc chnh.
Bi Qu Tun
M06............i dng c.
Qu trnh thay dao t ng vi cc dng c khng cng kch thc

khc qu trnh i dng c ca nhm dng c c cng kch thc.
ch
3.
Nu lnh M06 thc hin khi trc chnh ang quay, trc
chnh s t ng dng v chu trnh i dao thc hin.
2.
Trc khi tin hnh i dng c bng M06, nht thit
phi tt dung dch trn ngui.
M06 s khng thc hin tr khi trc Z ang n im gc my
th 2
1.
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............ Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (X0 Y0)
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 Chy dao nhanh ti v tr Z30.0.
h vi tc 400 -1 min.
................................
................................Chng trnh gia cng.
................................
M06;..........................................i dng c, a dng c T2 vo trc
Chnh.
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0
G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3
M03
................................Chng trnh gia cng.
M01 hoc M00
M06;....................................i dng c a dng c T3 vo trc
Chnh.
6.
Bt tt dung dch trn ngui M08, M09.
Bi Qu Tun
M08;...........Bt dung dch lm ngui.

M09;...........Tt dung dch lm ngui.
1. Khng c i dng c
khi dung dch trn ngui
ang phun.
2. Nu s dng dung dch lm mt,
phi chc chn thng dung dch
phi cn .
*iu khin dung dch lm
ngui thng qua phm iu khin trn bng
iu khin th hin nh sau.
ch
-Phm COOLANT ON
*Khi phm iu khin ny c ON, n ch th s sng, v
dung dch lm mt c cp.
Khi M08 c c trong chng trnh. ( ch MDI,
MEMORY, hoc TAPE), n ch ch sng v dung dch c phun t ng.
-Phm COOLANT OFF
*Khi phm iu khin ch OFF, dung dch ang phun, s
ngng khng phun na v n ch th tt.
Nu n phm iu khin ny hn 1s dung dch s ngng cp v
n ch th nhp nhy. Trong trng hp ny, dung dch trn ngui s khng
c cp, ngay c khi s dng M08.
Tnh nng ny s dng khi kim tra chng trnh.
*Khi phm iu khin chuyn sang ch ON tr li, n ch
th dng nhp nhy, qu trnh cp tr li bnh thng.
ch
Lp trnh s dng M08,M09.
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............. Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (X0 Y0)
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 M08 Bt dung dch trn ngui.
h.
.........................................
.........................................Chng trnh gia cng.
Bi Qu Tun
.........................................
M09;..Tt dung dch trn ngui.
M06;......................................i dng c.
19.
M19 c nh gc quay trc chnh.
S dng M19 dng quay trc chnh

ti mt v tr c nh.
Khi lp u khot ln trc chnh, s
dng chu trnh khot G76 hoc G87,
M19 c s dng trong ch MDI.
Khi gi chu trnh G76 hoc G87 trc
chnh s c quay ti v tr ph hp
vi v tr ca trc dao khot v mnh
khot theo hng dch chuyn ca trc chnh.
M19;.............................................c nh gc quay ca trc chnh.

ch
10.
Qu trnh i dao thng dng c thc hin t ng trong chu trnh

i dao (M06) hoc chu trnh gia cng l (G76,G87). Trong trng
hp ny khng cn thit dng M19 trong chng trnh.
M20 Tt ngun t ng.
Khi thc hin M20, ngun in cung cp cho my s c ngt t ng.

M20;.........................t m lnh tt
ngun t ng.
Bi Qu Tun
1). Phm tt ngun t ng trn bng iu khin c chc nng

tng t nh M20. m lnh tt ngun t ng c hiu lc, phm
ny trn bng iu khin phi c kch hot, chc nng ny s c thc
hin sau M02
2). t M20 trong khi lnh trc M30.
Sau M30, chng trnh c lp li, con tr v u dng, do lnh M20
khng th thc hin, nh c minh ho di y
V d
....
...
M20;
M30;
ch
3). Ngun nng lng khng th b ngt trong khi cc hot ng ang
thc hin. My ch c th tt my sau khi hon thnh cc hot ng sau:
-Chu trnh APC
-Chu trnh ATC
-Chuyn v tr trn Magazine.
7.
M33 Chu trnh ct dng c.
Lnh M33 s dng ct dng c t trc chnh ti 1 v tr cn trng trn

magazine.T0;
M6;
Lnh M33 c tc dng nh hai khi lnh
trn. M33 s dng ct dng c trc
khi tt my.
M33;...................................Lnh ct
dng c.
Bi Qu Tun
ch
Lnh M33 ch thc hin c khi trc Z v im O th 2(G30).

Lp trnh s dng M33
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X_ Y_;
...............................
............................................ Chng trnh gia cng.
...............................
G91 G28 Z0 M05;................Dng trc chnh sau khi hon thnh vic
tr v im gc my trn trc Z
M01;.................................Dng tm thi.
M33;.....................................Gi chu trnh ct dng c.
Dng c trn trc chnh c a tr li
hc cn trng trn Magazine.
15.
M51,M59 Bt v tt qu trnh thi kh.
M51 : Bt chc nng thi kh.

M59 : Tt chc nng thi kh.
Qu trnh thi kh s dng lm sch phoi trn rnh hoc b mt
phi khi
gia cng.
M51;...................................Bt qu trnh thi kh.
M59;...................................Tt qu trnh thi kh.
mt di
dng dao
knh
Bi Qu Tun
Gia
cng b
y, s
c ng
100mm.
O0001;
N1;
G90G00 G54 X-160.0 Y-40.0...Chy dao nhanh ti v tr (1)
G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2;
M03;
G01 Z0 F500;
M51;...........................................Bt u thi kh.
X-160.0 F200.............................(2)
Y40.0 F500;...............................(3)
X-160.0 F200;............................(4)
M59;...........................................Tt thi kh.
.......................
8.
M98, M99 Gi chng trnh con v tr v t

chng trnh con.
T chng trnh chnh, gi

chng trnh con bng M98.
Trong chng trnh con kt
thc bng M99. Quan h gia
chng trnh chnh v chng
trnh con c minh ho nh
hnh v sau.
Khi thc hin cc ng ct
ging nhau( cng to , cng hnh dng) lp i lp li, ng ct c th
lu vo b nh NC nh 1 chng trnh con. Trong chng trnh chnh, ch
ra chng trnh con v s ln s dng chng trnh con.
Trong mt chng trnh con c th gi n mt chng trnh
con khc, s lp chng trnh con c th c gi trong mt thi
im l 4. Nu s chng trnh con ang c gi ln hn 4, h thng s
bo li (P230).
ch
Ln
gi 1
Chng
trnh
chnh
Bi Qu Tun
Ln
gi 2
Chng
trnh con
1
Ln
gi 3
Chng
trnh con
2
Ln
gi 4
Chng
trnh con
3
Chng
trnh con
4
Bng cch lu tr mt phn chng trnh di dng chng trnh

con, c th tit kim c b nh v gim li khi lp trnh.
M98 P_ H_ L_;
M98 ...gi chng trnh con.
P s chng trnh con c gi
H ...s th t trong chng trnh con.
L s ln gi chng trnh con.
1) Nu s chng trnh sau a ch P khng c tm thy, li
ch
P232 s c thng bo trn mn hnh.
2) Nu s th t sau a ch H khng c tm thy, li
P231 s c thng bo trn mn hnh.
3) Nu gi tr sau L l 0 (L0), khi lnh cha M98 s khng c
thc hin, chng trnh nhy sang khi lnh tip theo.
1) Nu thiu a ch P, chng trnh con s khng c gi,
chng trnh s nhy ti khi lnh c s th t sau a ch
H, trong chng trnh cha M98.
2) Nu thiu c a ch H, chng trnh con vn c gi v
c thc hin t dng lnh u tin.
3) Nu thiu a ch P, H v L, chng trnh con s khng c gi
v chng trnh chnh s nhy v im bt u ca chng trnh
cha M98.
4) Nu thiu a ch L, chng trnh con s c gi 1 ln.
5) S ln gi chng trnh con ti a l 9999 ln.
M99 P_ ;
M99 ....Quay tr v chng trnh chnh t chng trnh con.
P .........V tr tr v, trong chng trnh chnh, t chng trnh con.
1) Nu v tr P_ khng c trong chng trnh, tn hiu bo li
(P231) s xut hin trn mn hnh.
2) Nu a ch P tn ti, chng trnh vn phi mt mt khong thi gian
tm kim. Do , cn phi cn nhc khi a ra P_.
ch
1). Nu thiu lnh P, chng trnh s quay tr li khi lnh k tip

khi lnh va nhy vo chng trnh con (sau khi lnhcha M98).
2). Nu t M99 trong chng trnh chnh:
Chng trnh s nhy ti s th t (theo sau a ch P) trong chng
Bi Qu Tun
trnh chnh.Nu thiu P_, chng trnh s nhy v u chng trnh

chnh. Chng trnh chnh s b lp v hn.
Lp trnh s dng lnh M98 hoc M99 (1)
Chng trnh chnh :
O1;
N001_____;
1.N002 M98 P100
N003_____;
N004_____;
2.N005 M98 P200 L2;

N006_____;
...
...
...
N011;
3.N012 M98 P300;

N013_____;
N014_____;
N015_____;
Chng trnh con :

O100;
N101_____;
N102_____;
N103 M99;
0200;
N201_____;
N202_____;
N203 M99;
(Lp li 2 ln)
O300;
N301_____;
N302_____;
N303 M99;
Lp trnh s dng lnh M98 hoc M99 (2)

Khoan ti cc im 1, 2, 3, v 4 nh hnh v :
Chng trnh chnh (O1)

O1;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0;
G43 Z30 H1 S700 T2;
M03;
Bi Qu Tun
G99 G81 Z-25 R10 F120 L0; ............. Chu trnh khoan l (G81)
M98 P2; ............................................. Gi chng trnh con O2
Chu trnh khoan c thc hin
t im 1 ti im 4.
G91 G28 Z0 M05;
M01;
M06;
M30;
Chng trnh con O2
O2;
X10 Y8; ................................(1)
X-10; ....................................(2)
Y-8; ......................................(3)
X10; .....................................(4)
G80;
M99;
Lp trnh trnh s dng lnh M98 hoc M99 (3)
T chng trnh con trong mt chng trnh chnh gi mt
chng trnh con khc :
Chng trnh chnh
O1;
N1;
____;
M98 P100;
____;
____;
M30;
chng trnh con 1

O100;
____;
____;
M98 P200;
____;
____;
M99;
chng trnh con 2

O200;
____;
____;
M99;
Chng trnh s dng lnh M98 hoc M99 (4)
Bi Qu Tun
O1;
N1;
N2;
...
...
...
/N7 M99; .........................
Khi m lnh xo Block khng c hiu
lc.
Lnh N7 M99 c thc hin v
dng
chng trnh quay v dng u
chng
trnh. Chng trnh s lp v hn gia
N1
v N7.
Khi khi lnh xo Block c hiu lc :
Lnh N7 M99 c b qua v
chng
trnh tip tc thc hin khi lnh tip
theo.
N8;
M30; ............................... Kt thc chng trnh .
ch
Khi t M99 trong chng trnh chnh, dng chng trnh s

c a v khi lnh u tin cng chng trnh. Vic ny c
dng thc hin cc chng trnh ging nhau, lp i lp li.
Bi Qu Tun
Chng D
M lnh T, S v F
_____________________________________________________________
1.
M lnh T.
M lnh T gi dng c ti v tr i
dao. Tn dao, ti a gm 4 k t s sau
a ch T, ch nh dng c cn gi. Khi
gi dao, Magazine quay, mang dng c
c gi n v tr i dao v ch dng
c trn trc chnh di chuyn ti v tr
i dao.
Hot ng ca ATC ( i dao t ng) gm:

La chn dng c + i dng c
(m lnh T) (M06)
Dng c c gi theo phng php b nh ngu nhin........
Trong phng php b nh ngu nhin, dng c ban u c xp xp theo
tng nhm kch thc khi ng k ng knh ln, trung bnh v nh.
Trong chu trnh i dng c, Magazine quay a mt v tr cn trng
trn magzine, cng nhm kch thc vi dng c trn trc chnh, ti v tr
gn nht cnh v tr i dng c. Khi dng c c ng knh ln tr v t
trc chnh, v tr trng trn magazine (v tr c ng k cho nhm ng
knh ln v ang nm gn v tr thay dung c) c nh s.
Phng php ny s dng rt ngn thi gian i dng c.
1.
2.
Khi lp dng c, phi kim tra gii hn ca dng c v

chc chn rng dng c c sp xp hp l trnh gy
ra va p trong khi thay dng c. Nu bn quan st nhm
gii hn ca dng c, cc dng c c th va p vi nhau khi thay
i dng c, v iu ny c th dn n hng my.
Chc chn c 2 hc bn cnh hc cha dng c u phi trng. Nu
chu trnh i dng c c thc hin bn cnh hc cha dng c
ng knh ln, s va p gia cc dng c s xy ra gia dng c
Bi Qu Tun
ng knh ln v dng c c cha trong hc, lm ph hng

my.
T9
;...................... S dng c cho dng c ng knh ln (T9000
n T9999)
T1
to T8
;...... S dng c cho dng c ng knh trung bnh
(T1000 n T8999)
;...................... S dng c cho dng c ng knh nh
T0
(T0000 n T0999)
Cc hot ng ca ATC i vi tng nhm dng c (phn loi
theo kch thc dng c) th khng ging nhau.Khi i mt dng
ln trn trc chnh vi 1 dng c nh trn magazine, qu trnh xy
ra theo trnh t sau:
1. Magazine quay (a v tr hc chnh ca Magazine v ch
i dng c ng knh to)
2. i dng c (dng c ng knh to trn trc chnh tr v
hc trn magazine)
3. Magazine quay (a dng c nh trong Magazine v v tr
hc ch ly dao)
4. i dng c ( lp dng c ng knh nh ln trc chnh)
< Chng trnh >
Chng trnh di y lp T9001 ( ng knh ln) ln trc chnh
O0011;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X_ Y_;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S_ T2;.............. Gi T2 (ng knh nh) ti v tr
thay dng c.
M03;
...................................... chng trnh gia cng
...
...
G91 G28 Z0 M05;.................... V im 0 ca my nm trn trc
Z; dng trc chnh
M01;
M06; ........................................ i T9001 (ng knh ln) vi T2
(ng knh nh).
N2;
G90 G00 G54 X_ Y_;
G43 Z30.0 H2 S_ T8003; ........ Gi T8003 (nng, ng knh trung
bnh) ti v tr thay dng c.
Bi Qu Tun
M03;
...
...................................... chng trnh gia cng
...
G91 G28 Z0 M05; ................... V im 0 ca my nm trn trc
Z; dng trc chnh.
M01;
M06; ........................................ Thay T2 ( ng knh nh ) vi
T8003 (nng, ng knh trung bnh)
2. M lnh S.
M lnh S iu khin tc trc
chnh. Tc trc chnh c t trc
tip bi gi tr sau a ch S.
S_M03 (M04);
S............................................... t tc trc chnh (v/ pht);
M03 (M04)................................ t chiu quay
M03 : Quay thun.
M04 : Quay nghch
1.
Tc trc chnh c t theo n v vng/pht.
2.
Tc trc chnh c tnh ton theo cng thc sau
:
N=
1000 * V
*D
N : Tc trc chnh (v/pht)

V : Tc ct (m/pht)
: Hng s pi
D : ng knh dng c (mm)
Bi Qu Tun
3.
Phm vi tc gia cng c t ng chn theo gi tr t

sau S. Do , n khng cn phi thay i tc bng lnh
M41, M42 hoc lnh M43 trong chng trnh.
S dng lnh S
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X100.0 Y50.0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S1000 T2;
M03; ........................................Quay trc chnh vi tc 1000
vng/pht
...
...
M05; ........................................Dng trc chnh.
M03; ........................................Quay trc chnh vi tc 1000
vng/pht
S1500; ......................................Quay trc chnh vi tc 1500
vng/pht.
Tnh ton tc trc chnh

tnh tc quay ca trc chnh khi gia cng vi tc ct
l 26 m/pht, dao phay ngn ng knh 20mm .
Tc vng quay: N =
1000 * 26
* 20
N : Tc quay ca trc chnh

(vng/pht)
V : Tc ct (m/pht)
: Hng s pi (3,141592654)
D : ng knh dng c.
Tc ct: V =
*D*N
1000
Tnh tc trc chnh s dng phng trnh trn :N = = 414 (/pht)

O0001;
N1;
Bi Qu Tun
G90 G00 G54 X80.0 Y70.0;

G43 Z30.0 H1 S414 T2;
M03; ........................................ Quay trc chnh theo hng thun
414v/ph.
3. M lnh F.
M lnh F s dng iu khin tc tin dao.
F_ ; .....................Tc tin
dao (mm/pht).
ch
Trong chng trnh, Lnh F lun c hiu lc cho n khi

mt lnh F tip theo c ch ra.
2) Gi tr chy dao ch nh sau a ch F t c ng gi
tr ca n ch khi cng tc OVERRIDE trn bng iu khin t
100%.
1)
1)
3)
M lnh F ch s dng vi cc lnh G01,G02,G03 v trong

cc chu trnh gia cng l.
2) 2)Tc chy dao lp trnh c th thay i trong qu trnh
gia cng bng cch iu chnh cng tc OVERRIDE trn
bng iu khin. Ch rng , cng tc OVERRIDE s b v hiu
nu s dng lnh M49 trong chng trnh.
Tc tin dao (Feedrate) c tnh ton theo cng thc :
F = f*Z*N
F: Tc tin ca dao (mm/pht)
f : Bc tin ca 1 rng (mm/1 rng)
Z: S rng ca dao
N: Tc trc chnh(/pht)
Bi Qu Tun
4)
Tc taro c tnh ton theo cng thc di :

F = P*N
F : Tc tin dao (mm/pht)
P : Bc ren (mm)
N : Tc trc chnh(vng/pht)
Tnh ton tc tin dao(1)
Tnh ton lng tin dao khi gia cng trong iu kin sau:
Dao phay ngn : ? 20 mm (2 li ct ngang )
Lng chy dao/rng: 0.08 mm/rng
Tc trc chnh: 450 v/pht
<Tc tin dao >

F = f*Z*N
F: Tc tin dao
(mm/pht)
f: Lng tin dao/ rng
(mm/1 rng)
Z: S rng (dao)
N: Tc trc chnh (/pht)
Ta c:
F = 0.08*2*450 = 72 (mm/pht)
Tnh ton tc tin dao (2) :
Tnh ton tc tin dao khi taro
trong iu kin sau:
Mi taro
M8xP1.25
Tc trc chnh: 400 v/pht
<Tc tin dao >
F = P*N
F: Tc tin dao
(mm/pht)
P: bc ren.
N: Tc trc chnh.
Ta c:
Bi Qu Tun
F = 1.25*400 = 500 (mm/pht)
S dng m lnh F.
O0001;
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X160.0
Y160.0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2;
M03;
G01 Z0 F3000; .....................Ti im1, dao h xung chiu cao Z0,
vi tc tin dao 3000 mm/pht.
X-160.0 F200; .......................chy dao ti im 2, tc 200
mm/pht. F200 (200 mm/pht) c
lu tr cho n lnh F tip theo.
Y-160.0; ................................chy dao ti im 3, tc 200mm/pht
...
N5;
G90 G00 G54 X160.0 Y160.0;
G43 Z30.0 H5 S1000 T6;
M03;
G99 G81 Z-20.0 R3.0 F50;.....Trong chu trnh khoan l G81,
tc tin dao theo trc Z l 50
mm/pht.
X-160.0;
...
Lnh F ch c hiu lc trong ch chy dao ct, khng c
gi tr khi s dng vi G00, ch chy dao nhanh.
Bi Qu Tun
Chng E
M lnh D v H
1.
M lnh D.
M lnh D xc nh a ch b bn knh
cho lnh G41 v G42.M lnh b bn knh
c s dng b ng chy dao, gim
khi tc tnh ton khi lp trnh. Lng
b bn knh c nhp qua mn hnh
TOOLOFFSET.
Gi tr b nhp vo v tr No. trn mn
hnh ch nh a ch b.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Bi Qu Tun
TOOL
OFFSET(H)
GEOMET WEA
RY
R
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D)
GEOMET
RY
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
WEAR
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Mn hnh TOOLOFFSET c th thay i giao din tu theo

thng s k thut v model ca h NC.
B bn knh trong mt phng XY
G17 G01 (G00) G41 (g42) X_ Y_ D_ F_ ;
G40 G01 (G00) X_ Y_ J_ F_;
G17 .............
Chn mt phng b dao.
G01 (G00) La chn dng ni suy thc hin b
bn knh.
G00 .............. Chy dao nhanh
G01 .................chy dao gia cng
G41 .............Gi m lnh b bn knh
(bn tri)
ng chy dao thc t
c dch sang tri so
vi ng chy dao lp
trnh , theo hng
chuyn ng ca dng
c, mt khong cch
bng lng b.
G42 .............Gi m lnh b bn knh.
(bn phi)
ng chy dao thc t
c dch sang phi so
vi ng chy dao lp
trnh , theo hng
chuyn ng ca dng
c, mt khong cch
bng lng b.
G40 .............Hu b ch b dao.
X,Y ........... ..To im cui cung trn
D .................a ch OFFSET
F ..................Lng tin dao.
Nu s dng b nh b dao B, s khng c s khc bit gia d liu
ch
b bn knh v b chiu di. Do , phi t lng b chiu di v b
bn knh ca mt dng c nhng a ch OFFSET khc nhau.
ch
1.Trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET, gi tr b mn v b bn

knh c t mt cch c lp.
Bi Qu Tun
2.Lng b bn knh bng 0 khi s dng D0. Khi bt u lm vic,

NC trng thi nh khi s dng lnh D0.
S dng m lnh D
My gia cng theo bin dng (1) -> (20 -> (3), s dng dao phay ngn
10mm.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
TOOL OFFSET(H)
GEOMETR WEAR
Y
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D)
GEOME WEAR
TRY
5.000
0.015
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
O0001;
Bi Qu Tun
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X150.0 Y120.0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2;
M03;
Z-5.0;
G42 X120.0 Y40.0 D1; ............ B bn knh bn phi. S dng lng
b
t ti v tr 1 trn mn hnh
TOOLOFSET.
Trong v d ny, tng lng b bn
knh: 5.000 + 0.015 = 5.015 mm.
G01 X60.0 F200; ..................... (2).
X30.0 Y80.0; ........................... (3).
2.
Yu cu khi s dng m lnh b bn knh.
s dng b dao (offset) theo bn knh ct (G40, G41 v G42), phi

hiu cch r cch nhp d liu.
<Nhp lng b bn knh>
Nhp vo gi tr b dao trn bng TOOLOFFSET ti a ch tng ng vi

a ch b dao t sau lnh D.
Bi Qu Tun
OLD DATA
INPUT DATA
X
Y
Z
TOOL OFFSET(H)
GEOMETRY WEAR
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
ch
3.
MACHINE
0.000
0.000
0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D)
GEOMETRY
WEAR
5.000
0.015
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.
Nu s dng b nh b dao B, s khng c s khc bit

gia d liu b bn knh v b chiu di. Do , phi
t lng b chiu di v b bn knh ca mt dng c
nhng a ch OFFSET khc nhau.
2. Giao din ca mn hnh TOOLOFFSET c th thay i tu
thuc
vo h NC.
Cc thut ng k thut s dng trong vic gii

thch chc nng b bn knh dng c.
Cc thut ng k thut dng cho chc nng b thng dng c gii thch
nh sau:
Thut ng
ngha
Start-up
Bi Qu Tun
Khi lnh u tin cha G41,G42

Hot ng u tin, tm dng c
c b ti v tr dng v bn phi
Offset mode
Cancel Mode
mt lng bng bn knh.

Chc nng b mi dng c c
hiu lc sau Start-up
Chc nng b bn knh dng c b
hu b bng G40.
Vic hu b bn knh dng c bt
u t khi lnh trc khi lnh
cha G40. Tm dng c c nh v
ti bn phi ti ng chy dao lp
trnh
ch
Vi hot ng kch hot v hu b chc nng b dao, c 2 kiu

hot ng c cung cp (kiu A v B).
Kiu A c gii thch nh sau (Kiu B tham kho ti liu ca nh sn xut)
ch
G41 (G42) G00 X_ Y_; .............

Khi ng (Start up)
Trong trng hp nh c minh ho trn hnh v, vic b dao c
thc hin sang tri, do , s dng G41.
G01 X_ Y_ F_;
X_ Y_;
............... Ch Offset
X_ Y_;
X_ Y_;
G40 G00 X_ Y_; .................................Hu b dao.
Bi Qu Tun
3.1. Start-up.
Khi lnh u tin, cha G41 hoc G42, gi l khi lnh startup.Trong hot ng start-up, tm ca dng c ct c offset, dng li v
tr to khi lnh tip theo (Xem hnh v).
G00 X100.0 Y100.0;.........................................................(1).

G42 X80.0 Y50.0 D_;.......................................................(2).
G01 X-45.0 F_;.................................................................(3)
............
ch
Khi s dng start-up, khi lnh u tin phi tho mn:

-Khi lnh start-up phi cha lnh di chuyn; khong
cch c gi phi ln hn lng b (bn knh dng c).
-Start-up phi c t trong G00 hoc G01 (dng
chuyn ng tnh tin).
*Khng s dng start-up trong dng ni suy G02
hoc G03. Nu s dng trong dng ny, tn hiu cnh bo No.034 s hin
trn mn hnh v my ngng hot ng.
*Khng dng D0 trong chng trnh. Nu s dng,
chc nng b bn knh s b hu.
3.2. OFFSET mode.
Trng hp chc nng b bn knh dng c c hiu lc, sau start-up,
c gi l Offset mode.
Khi hng b dng c khng i. Dng c chuyn ng theo hnh dng
phi v tip xc vi qu o cn gia cng.
Bi Qu Tun
G42 G00 X100 .0 Y40.0;...........................(1) (START UP)

G01 X70.0 F200........................................(2)
Y65.0.........................................................(3)
G03 X45.0 Y90.0 R25.0............................(4)offset mode
G01 X20.0.................................................(5)
X_ Y_;........................................................(6)
.........................
Ti cu lnh Start-up v trong ch b dao 2 khi lnh
c a vo b nh m. Trong ch b dao nhng
khi lnh khng cha cc lnh di chuyn nh: (Mt khi lnh ch cha
mt lnh M hoc G04 th khng c php s dng). Mt khi lnh
iu khin cc di chuyn theo cc trc bng 0 th cng khng c
php s dng. Nu nhng lnh nh vy c s dng th s gy ra ct
lm hoc ct ht v hai khi lnh khng c a vo b m, iu
ny cng gy ra hng dng c.
Khi c gng ct cung trn c bn knh nh hn bn knh dng c
hoc ct rnh c chiu rng nh hn ng knh dng c, h thng s
cnh bo, mt thng bo hin trn mn hnh, trnh ct lm. Nu
vic ny xy ra, khi chng trnh thc hin trong ch Singleblock,
lng ct lm s lm hng phi bi v chng trnh thc hin n cui
ca khi lnh trc khi n kp dng.
Khng c thay i mt lm vic vi G17,G18,G19 trong ch
OFFSET.
ch
2.
3.
1.
Bi Qu Tun
Nu thay i, cnh bo xy ra, v tn hiu cnh bo 037 xut hin trn

mn hnh, my ngng hot ng.
Khi hng b dng c thay i.
Nu hng b dng c thay i, nh c minh ho di y nu m G
goi chc nng b bn knh thay i gia G41 v G42 , chu vi dng c s
tip xc vi phi theo trong 2 khi lnh lin tc ti v tr thay t G41 sang
G42.
........................................
........................................
G41 X70.0 Y60.0;
Y40.0;...........................................(1)
G42 X_
Z_;.....................................................(2)
........................................
........................................
Vic chuyn ch m G gia G41 v G42 th khng c t
khi lnh bt u v khi lnh tip theo.
3.3.
Cancel Mode.
Lnh G40, ch ra trong ch Offset, hu b chc nng b dao.
Ch hu b dao bt u t cui khi lnh trc khi lnhG40. Tm dng
c s thay i li nh trong hnh v.
(G41) X100.0 Y50.0;

X60.0 Y50.0;........................................................(1).
G40 G00 X40.0 Y20.0..........................................(2).(Ch hu)
Bi Qu Tun
........................................
........................................
(G41) X100.0 Y50.0;
X60.0Y50.0;..............................................................
G40 G00 X40.0 Y20.0;.............................................
Mode)
........................................
........................................
(1)
(2) (Cancel
ch
Trong ch hu b dao, cn lu nhng vn sau:

-Chc nng b bn knh c th hu b bng cch nhn phm
[RESET] trn bng iu khin. Hoc bng cch s dng D0 trong chng
trnh.
-Lnh hy (G40) phi c ch ra trong ch G00 hoc G01
(chuyn ng tnh tin).
Khng c s dng G40 trong ch G02 v G03. Nu s
dng trong G02 hoc G03, cnh bo s xy ra, tn hiu cnh bo 034 s xut
hin trn mn hnh v my ngng hot ng.
5.
Chng trnh v d
Mt s chng trnh v d s dng chc nng b bn knh.
Lp trnh s dng G40,G41 v G42 (1).
Bi Qu Tun
O0001;
N1;
1)
G90 G00 G54 X-100.0 Y-100.0;.........................(1)
2)
G43 Z30.0 H1 S300 T2;
M03
3)
Z-30.0
4)
G17 G41G01X0 Y-40.0 D1 F300; .....................(2)
Y250.0; ..............................................................(3)
5)
X200.0; ..............................................................(4)
G02 Y0 R125.0; .................................................(5)
G01 X-40.0; ........................................................(6)
6)
G40 G00 X-100.0 Y-100.0; ...............................(7)
.............................................
1) Chy dao nhanh ti im (1) trong h to lm vic G54.
2) Chy dao nhanh ti Z30.0
3) Chy dao nhanh ti Z-30.0
4) (2) start-up
G41.......... B dao bn tri theo
hng tin dng c
D1............ a ch b dao, ni bn
knh dao c t.
5)
Gia
(3)-(6) Ch Offset.
cng theo hnh dng lp trnh.
6) (7) Ch hu b dao.
Trong khi lnh trc lnh hu b dao,
dng c nh v ti im (6). Sau , i ra
im (x-100.0, y -100.0)
Bi Qu Tun
Lp trnh s dng G40,G41 v G42.

Gia cng 2 pocket sau, s dng dao phay ngn ?8.
Pocket c gia cng su 5 mm vi lng d ct tinh mt trong l 0.3.
Point
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
X
-15.0
-15.0
-50.0
-50.0
-15.0
30.0
20.0
20.0
40.0
40.0
Y
0
10.0
10.0
-10.0
-10.0
45.0
45.0
-45.0
-45.0
45.0
< Trnh t gia cng>

Ct Pocket.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (2) (1)
Ct Pocket
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (7) (6)

O0001;
N1;
1)
G90G00G54X_15.0Y0;......................................
G43Z30.0H1S500T2;
M03;
G01Z3.0F3000;
Z-5.0F80;
Bi Qu Tun
(1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
G41Y10.0D1;.....................................................
X-50.0;...............................................................
G03Y-10.0R10.0;...............................................
G01X-15.0;.........................................................
G03Y-10.0R10.0;...............................................
G40G01Y0;........................................................
G00Z3.0;
X30.0Y45.0;.......................................................
G01Z-5.0;
G41X20.0;..........................................................
Y-45.0;...............................................................
G03X40.0R10.0;................................................
G01Y45.0;..........................................................
G03X20.0R10.0;................................................
G40G01X30.0;...................................................
G00Z30.0;
.........................................................
.........................................................
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(6)
Nu khng t G40 trong khi (7):

C nhng trng hp lp trnh vin khng s dng G40 trong
khi (7) bi v h hiu nhm rng Start-up v Cancel mode ch s dng mt
ln trong chng trnh khi mt phi ang c gia cng
Nu lnh G40 khng t trong khi (7), hin tng ct lm (undercut)
s xy ra nh c minh ho trn hnh v.
ch
Bi Qu Tun
Khi cu lnh (7) khng c lnh G40 c thc hin, gi tr Offset vn

tn ti cu lnh (8), Do s gy ra ct lm khi dao di chuyn vo v tr
(6) (X30.0 Y45.0)
Tuy nhin, khi xy ra ct lm, cnh bo s xy ra ti v tr (6) v tn
hiu cnh bo tng ng s hin trn mn hnh v my dng hot ng.
2.
M lnh H.
M lnh H l a ch xc nh s
offset s dng cho chc nng b
chiu di dng c (G43,G44).
S dng chc nng b trong chng
trnh b v tr dng c, v vy
dng c lun nh v ti v tr lp trnh
m khng cn thay i ni dng lp
trnh.
Bi Qu Tun
MACHINE
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
OLD DATA
INPUT DATA
0.000
0.000
0.000
TOOL OFFSET(H)
GEOMETRY WEAR
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D)
GEOMETRY WEAR
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
ch
Lng b chiu di dng c c nhp trn mn hnh TOOL

OFFSET.Mn hnh TOOLOFFSET thay i tu theo cc thng s
v model ca h NC.
G43 Z_ H_;
G49;
G43.........................
G49.........................
Z.............................
H.............................
ch
Gi chc nng b chiu di.

Hu chc nng b chiu di.
Xc nh to cn t theo hng trc Z.
Ch ra s Offset s dng.
Nu s dng b nh B, h iu khin khng phn bit gia vic b

chiu cao v b bn knh. Do cn thit phi t lng b chiu
cao v lng b bn knh ca mt dng c cc a ch khc nhau.
Bi Qu Tun
1)
2)
3)
Nu s dng G44 cho vic b chiu di dng c, du ca lng

b chiu di c ngc vi du ca G43.
Mori Seiki ch s dng G43 .
Lng b dng c lun bng 0 khi s dng H0.Khi bt u
khi ng my, NC trng thi nh khi s dng H0.
Trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET lng b hnh hc v b mn
dao c t c lp vi lng b bn knh.
S dng m lnh H
MACHINE
X
0.000
0.000
Y
0.000
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
INPUT DATA
TOOL OFFSET(H)
GEOMETR WEAR
Y
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Bi Qu Tun
OLD DATA
TOOL OFFSET(D)
GEOMETR WEAR
Y
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
O0001
N1;
G90 G00 G54 X100.0 Y80.0;
G43 Z30.0 H1 S1000 T2;.................... Lng b dng c c t ti
v tr NO.1 trn mn hnh
TOOLOFFSET .
Lng b chiu cao ca dng
c l tng ca lng b chiu
di v lng b mn.
Trong v d ny,
-150.0+0.135=-149.865(mm) l
lng b chiu cao.
M03;
....................
Chng F
Cc v d lp trnh
Ni suy cung trn (b bn knh dng c)
Bi Qu Tun
1) Xc nh im O phi v phng php g kp.
2) Xc nh dng c
Th t gia cng
-------------
Tn dng c
Vi tr cn gia cng
ng knh l
100mm
Dao phay
ngn 20, T1
3) Xc nh iu kin gia cng

Nguyn T
cng
(dng c) Tn dng c
S(v/p)
F (mm/p) S offset
(Tc
(lng
S(v/p) trc chnh) chy dao) H
D
Bi Qu Tun
N1
ch
Dao phay
ngn
20, T1
330
66
Nhp lng b bn knh dng c12.5mm vo v

tr No.2 (D2) trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET.
S dng mt s khc cho s b bn knh v s
b chiu di dng c.
(Do mn hnh TOOLOFFSET khng phn chia
gia dng b bn knh v b chiu di).
4) Lp chng trnh
O0010;............................ S chng trnh.
G00 G40 G80;................ Chy dao nhanh G00, hu ch b
bn knh, hu ch chy chu trnh.
/G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0;.......
a cc trc X,Y v Z v gc my.
/T1..............................Gi dng c No.1( dao phay ngn
20)
/M06................................ i dng c
Khi dng c T1 c kp trn trc chnh, bt chc nng b
qua cu l lnh b qua cc lnh ny.
N01 (dao phay ngn 25mm; D2=12.5mm);
........................................ Khi lnh No.1
G00 G90 G54 X0 Y0 S330;
........................................ Chn h to lm vic G54.
Chy dao nhanh ti (X0,Y0).
Trc chnh quay thun vi tc
330 v/p
G43 Z50.0 H1 M03; ............................B dng c theo a ch No.1 (G43).
Chy dao nhanh ti Z50.0. Trc
chnh quay thun vi tc 330v/p.
Z-25.0;............................. .....................Di chuyn trc Z t mt phi (Z0) ti
v tr Z-25.0.
G01 G41 X20.0 Y-30.0 D02 F66;
.................................Ni suy tuyn tnh, b bn knh dng
Bi Qu Tun
c sang bn tri (G41). Tc chy

dao 66 mm/ph.
G03 X50.0 Y0 R30.0;............................Ni suy cung trn (ngc chiu kim
ng h). Bn knh 30mm, to
im cui cung trn (50.0,0) .
I-50.0;............................. ........................ng trn, bn knh 50.0mm.
X-20.0 Y30.0 R30.0;................................Ni suy cung trn (ngc chiu
kim ng h). Bn knh 30mm, to
im cui cung trn (20.0,30.0).
G00 Z50.0 M05;...............
G91 G28 Z0;....................
M30;.................................
Chy dao nhanh ti v tri cch mt

phi 50mm, dng trc chnh .
Trc Z v im O.
Kt thc chng trnh.
Bn knh tip cn c t l 30mm,

bng 60% R
Gia cng nhiu phi
Bi Qu Tun
t 4 phi trn bn my, nh ch ra trong phn 2.2, lp trnh chng gia

cng nh sau:
5) Lp chng trnh.
P0100;............................ S chng trnh (chng trnh chnh)
G00 G40 G80; ............... Chy dao nhanh ti im G00. Hu
b ch b bn knh, hu b ch
chu trnh.
/G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0; .....
Chy cc trc X,Y v Z v gc my.
/T1 .................................. Gi dng c No.1
/M06; .............................. i dng c.
M01; ................................
Dng tu chn
N01 (dao phay ngn 25.0, D2=12.5mm);
......................................... Khi lnh No.1
G00 G90 G54 X0 Y0 S330;................ Gi h to lm vic G54, chy
dao nhanh ti im (0,0). t tc
trc chnh 330v/p.
G43 Z50.0 H1 M03; ....... Chy dao ti im Z50.0, b dao
theo chiu di, a ch H1. Quay trc
chnh bn phi.
M98 P101; ..................... Gi chng trnh con O101.
G55 X0 Y0; ................... Gi h to lm vic G55, chy dao nhanh ti
im (0,0).
G55 X0 Y0; ................... Gi h to lm vic G54, chy
dao nhanh ti im (0,0).
G56 X0 Y0; ................... Gi h to lm vic G56, chy
dao nhanh ti im (0,0).
M98 P101; ...................... Gi chng trnh con O101.
G57 X0 Y0; ....................
Gi h to lm vic G54, chy
dao nhanh ti im (0,0). t tc
trc chnh 330v/p.
M98 P101; ...................... Gi chng trnh con O101.
G91 G28 Z0 M5; .............
Tr li im 0 ca trc Z, dng quay
trc chnh.
M30; ................................
Kt thc chng trnh.
O0101; ............................ Tn chng trnh (chng trnh con)
Bi Qu Tun
G00 G90 Z-25.0 ............. Chy dao nhanh t b mt lm vic

ti v tr Z-25 mm.
G01 G41 X20.0 Y-30.0 D2 F66;
............................. Ni suy tuyn tnh G01. b bn
knh dao bn tri (G41), ti a ch D2.
Tc tin dao 66 mm/pht.
G03 X50.0 Y0 R30.0; .... Ni suy cung trn ngc chiu kim
ng h, bn knh R30.0, to
im cui (50.0,0).
I-50.0; ............................ Ct ng trn kn, bn knh 50 mm.
X20.0 Y30.0 R30.0; ...... Ct cung trn bn knh 30 mm, im
cui X20.0 v Y30.0.
G01 G40 X0 Y0 F1000;.. Ni suy tuyn tnh G01. Hu ch
b bn knh.
G00 Z25.0; ..................... Chy dao nhanh theo trc Z cch b
mt lm vic 50mm.
M99; ............................... .Kt thc chng trnh con.
Tc quay v tc chy dao cho phay

Vt liu
(Type of Material)
Vn tc ct m/p
(Speed)
Tc chy dao rng

(Feed per teeth-FPT)
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
Nhm v magi
ng thau v ng
thic (mm)
ng thau v ng
thic (cng)
>= 180
>= 300
.12 - .60
.12 - .76
75 - 90
>=120
.12 - .50
.25 - .50
45 - 60
120
.06 - .25
.12 - .75
ng
45 - 60
>= 300
.12 - .38
.12 - .38
Gang c (mm)
22 - 30
75 - 100
.12 - .38
.25 - .50
Gang c (cng)
Thp 100 HBN
15 - 22
38 - 53
60 - 75
.08 - .18
135 - 180 .10 - .25
.12 - .25
.12 - .50
200 HBN
300 HBN
21 - 27
12 -> 15
110 - 135 .10 - .25

60 - 75
.09 - .12
.12 - .25
.12 - .25
400 HBN
6 -> 9
30 - 60
.10 - .15
Bi Qu Tun
.02 - .08
500 HBN
Ti
Thp
khng
g
Cha ti
Di 100 K
PSI
100K - 135 K
PSI
Titan 135 K PSI
Hp kim thp
Ferritic
Thp Hp kim
chu
Austenitic
nhit Hp kim nn
cao
Nickel Base
3 -> 5
22 - 45
.02 - .08
.10 - .15
10 -> 21
21 -> 31
75 - 120
75 - 120
.08 - .12
.08 - .12
.08 - .30
.08 - .30
10 -> 17
45 - 55
.08 - .12
.10 - .20
7 -> 10
35 - 45
.05 - .12
.08 - .2
5 -> 8
24 - 36
.02 - .12
.05 - .20
12 -> 18
45 - 90
.05 - .12
.08 - .20
6 -> 9
30 - 70
.02 - .10
.05 - .15
2 -> 6
15 - 45
.02 - .08
.05 - .15
Tc quay v tc chy dao cho khoan.

cng BHN- Tc chy ct
3000 KG
HSS
Carbide
Vt liu
Nha, Bakelite cc loi khc
60 - 150
Nhm v thp hp kim
30 - 75
Nhm c
22 - 45
ng
ng thau (mm)
ng vng v..v.
ng thau (cng)
thic
30 - 75
30 - 75
25 - 45
Dt mng
<= 150
25 - 45
60 - 90
Ko si
150 - 250
20 - 25
45 - 60
250 - 350
12 -> 18
30 - 45
<= 200
15 - 30
200 - 300
15 - 20
Gang c Loi nh
Thp Cacbon v thp hp
kim
Bi Qu Tun
300 - 400
6 -> 12
<= 200
12 -> 15
200 - 300
9 -> 12
Thp hp kim
300 - 400
5 -> 9
hp kim nn Niken
6 -> 9
hp kim nn Cobalt
2 -> 5
250 - 350
5 -> 9
Thp cao
350 - 450
3 -> 5
Titan v hp kim
<= 250
15 -> 21
250 - 400
5 -> 9
Tc quay v tc chy dao cho doa.

Vn tc ct (m /pht)
Vt liu
HSS
Carbide
Magi
60 -120
150 -> 300
Nhm
45 - 90
150 -> 300
ng thau ng thic
38 - 60
76 -> 120
ng v ng thic cng 15 - 22
30 -> 45
Mm
15 - 30
45 -> 75
Trung bnh
8 -> 15
22 -> 45
Cng
D
200HBN
200 - 300
HBN
300 - 400
HBN
5 -> 8
12 -> 22
16 - 24
60- > 90
9 -> 16
38 -> 06
6 -> 10
15 -> 38
St
Thp
Bi Qu Tun
400 - 500
HBN
Thp
khng g
3 -> 10
10 -> 15
3 -> 6
4 -> 10
12 -> 18
45 -> 76
6 -> 9
24 -> 36
4 -> 8
18 -> 30
3 -> 6
12 -> 21
3 -> 4
9 -> 15
sch
10 -> 15
15 - 30
Hp kim
3 -> 6
10 -> 15
500 HBN
-Thp cha
ti?
Seri 300
Seri 400 v
P.H
Thp hp kim Nn Nickel

chu nhit cao Nn Cobalt
Titan
Tc quay v tc chy dao cho taro.

Vt liu
Bakelite
Nha
Nhm v thp non
ng thau (ng
cng, mm)
Hp kim ng
Gang c
cng
BHN (3000kg)
18-30
30-75
22-45
18-30
<150
150-250
250-300
Thp hp kim v thp <200
cacbon
200-300
300-400
Thp khng g
<200
200-300
300-400
Thp bn cao
<200
200-300
Titan v hp kim ITS <255
250-400
Bi Qu Tun
Tc ct (m/p)
18-30
15-24
9-12
5-6
6-8
5-6
2-5
6-9
2-5
3-8
3-3
8-10
2-5
Chng A ..2
Chun b lp trnh 2
Chuong B ..27
M lnh G ..27
Chng C ..56
M lnh M ..56
Chng D ..73
M lnh T, S v F 73
Chng E ..79
M lnh D v H 79
Chng F ..96
Cc v d lp trnh 96
Bi Qu Tun

Giáo Trình CNC Cho Máy Phay - Bùi Quý Tuấn

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Giáo Trình CNC Cho Máy Phay - Bùi Quý Tuấn

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Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

hnh lp chng trnh.

Nhng yu cu i vi ngi lp chng trnh.

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Mt s ngi to chng trnh ngay

Trnh t gia cng: trc ht l nguyn cng phay mt u, th hai

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

4. lp mt chng trnh, u tin

5. 5.Sau khi hon thnh, cn thn

Nhp chng trnh vo my.

Sau khi vit chng trnh, s dng bn phm

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Nu chng trnh c a vo b nh khng phi do ngi lp

Qu trnh cho n khi hon thnh sn phm.

5.1 Trnh t lm vic.

1.Nghin cu bn v xc nh yu cu gia cng

9.o v nhp vo gi tr b chiu cao v bn knh

13.Kim tra iuHanoi

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Chng trnh c c lp theo cc bc gia cng hay

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Cng tc Door Interlock c t v tr Nomal

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Kch thc c c o sau qu trnh ct th hay khng?

6. Cc thut ng trong lp trnh.

O0001;----------------------------------------- S chng trnh

Hanoi University of Industry 10

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

6.2. S th t (Sequence number).

(Phn chng trnh dnh cho

Hanoi University of Industry 11

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

(Phn chng trnh dnh cho

Hanoi University of Industry 12

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

O0001;..................................................... Khi th nht.

Khi lnh c kt thc bng k t [;].

iu khin v nh hng cc trc.

Trong phn ny s miu t chuyn ng theo cc trc c iu khin

Hiu k v phng chiu cc trc iu khin l rt cn thit

Hanoi University of Industry 13

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

v bn tri, nu quan st t mt trc my ti phi

Din t chuyn ng cc trc trong chng trnh.

Hanoi University of Industry 14

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Nu gi thit dng c di chuyn, trong khi bn my ng yn, th phng,

Khi a ra lnh di chuyn dng c ct ti im A, v d, nu khng c

Hanoi University of Industry 15

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

im tham chiu c thit lp cho chng trnh c gi l im gc phi,

1).V d v t gc phi ti tm d dng tnh ton to tm l, hoc

Hanoi University of Industry 16

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

xc nh chuyn ng ca dng c ct t im hin ti ti im