JLPT N3

TNG HP NG PHP N3
(PHN I: Cc ch ng php)
Ti liu ny mnh bin son vi mc ch gip cc bn c ci nhn tng quan v cc ch ng php trong phm vi N3. Mnh t cc cu
trc c ni dung ging nhau cng mt ch vi hy vng cc bn nhn ra im ging v khc nhau v nt ngha ca cc cu trc, t
phn bit c cch s dng ca cc cu trc. vic n tp hiu qu nht c th, cc bn hy nh du cc cu trc cha nm r v t tra
cu li ti liu hc, v u tin n cc cu trc tht k lng. Mnh cng rt khuyn khch cc bn v s t duy theo cc ch .
Phn tch v hc cc v d cng l mt phng n hay (cc v d mnh u chn t cun T in mu cu nn cc bn yn tm v chnh
xc 100% nh) .
Trong qu trnh bin son, chc chn mnh khng th trnh khi sai st. ti liu c hon ho hn, cc bn vui lng gp vi mnh
qua email nhngocftu@gmail.com nh. Cc thc mc v ngha s dng, cc bn vui lng t tra cu bng T in ng php nh, mnh xin
php ch phn hi email ca cc bn sau khi tra cu m vn thc mc thi nh, v mnh ngh rng t tm hiu s gip cc bn nh lu hn.
Chc cc bn hc tt, thi tt!!!
-

Cu trc

V d
1. Thi gian, a im

A B

Nguyn Hng Ngc -

Cch s dng
Sp sa
Lu :
Sut na
Tranh th lm B khi A ang
tip din/ A cha xy ra
Nhn dp

ng lc ang

u, khi no (cch ni trang

trng ca thi im + v a
im + )

JLPT N3

2. Trt t thi gian

A B

A
B

A B

Ngay sau khi lm A th B xy ra

mt cch t ngt
Phi sau khi lm A th mi c
th lm B
K t khi
Mi cho n khi lm A mi
nhn ra B

3. Chui hnh ng

Cng vi

4. Mc / So snh
Khng cn ai/iu g/ci g
bng
Khong chng

Xong cng vic ca mt ngy th ung bia lnh l nht y.

L nht
Dng a ra nh gi ch
quan ca ngi ni.
So vi

Khng g tt/tuyt vi bng

n ni

5. Tng phn, i lp

Mt khc, i li

JLPT N3

A B

Lm B thay cho lm A

A B

Gi l B th ng hn gi l A

i din cho
Tri ngc vi (dng so
snh cc i tng)
Tri vi A ( tng
tng- k vng

mnh lnh-ch )
Mt khc

6. Nguyn nhn, l do

Nh vo (mang hm n)

Vi (ch ra nguyn nhn dn ti

h qu)
V (dn ti h qu ng nhin)
cui cu thng c

Ti v (hm trch mc)

ABC

Bi v nguyn nhn, l do (ch

dng N N)
Thi quen, quy tc, quy nh,
quyt nh ca tp th

7. Kh nng

Khng i no

JLPT N3

C th
Mun lm nhng khng th v
nh kin x hi hoc l do tm
l

8. Mc ch

9. iu kin nhng b

10. iu kin

11. Bt u/kt thc hnh ng (c ch )

c th, m
Cho d ni l
Cho d
Cho d (vi t cch)
Ch cn
Gi m (th hin s tic nui)
Gi s (iu kin khng c tht)
Khi ...th li ...(hnh ng
khng ch )
Khi ...th pht hin ra (Lu :
ch ng ca 2 v khc nhau)
Nu ...th ....(nhng iu tr
thnh quy lut, quy tc)
Nu gi s
Nu gi s
Nu gi s
Gi m ...th...

Gn xong, hon thnh mt phn

Hon thnh, xong ht

JLPT N3

12. Hnh dng, trng thi

13. So snh

(ph) y
C gng

A
B

Qu B n ni m A

14. Khuynh hng, xu hng

15. D nh

16. Li khuyn

17. Yu cu, nh v

18. Cm on

19. Suy lun, suy on

20. Trch dn

D, c xu hng
Mun ngi khc lm g cho
mnh
D nh
Khng c nh
Phi, nn (li khuyn)
Nn, phi (yu cu, mnh lnh)
Lm gip ti c c khng?
(Bn) c phin khng nu
ti ...?
Khng cn phi
E rng, s rng
Da vo v/dng
Khng th khc c
C l

hy, mnh lnh

Truyn t

JLPT N3

21. Sai khin

22. B ng

Gii thch
ng, Cm on
Gy ra, lm cho

T pht (c ngh, c cm
nhn rng)

23. Dng lch s

24. i tng

25. Ch
PC

26. Phng php

27. Phm vi

i vi (i tng)
V (ch )
Thch hp vi
Dnh cho
Ci, ngi
L
Nhc ti ...l phi k ti
Phng php, cch thc
B ng
Theo

Qua

T ~ n ~
Ch
Sut ton b

JLPT N3

28. Mnh b sung

29. Trng thi song hnh

30. Quan h tng quan

31. Tin trnh

32. im nhn

Trong sut

Khng ch ...m cn (mt b

phn ton b)
Khng ch ...m cn (A
B,C,D...)
Trn ht
ng nhin
C ...cng, c ...cng

Trong khi ...th nhn tin

Chan cha tnh cm
S thay i (A) ko theo h qu
(B)
S thay i mc ca A l
nguyn nhn pht sinh/dn ti
B
Cng ...cng
Nu ...th cng

Ch tip tc (s pht trin mt

chiu)
Vi t cch
i vi
i vi (s dng khi xem xt
tnh hung)

JLPT N3

33. Tiu chun, c s

34. Mi quan h h ng

35. Mi quan h loi tr

36. a v d tiu biu

37. Nhn mnh

Theo nh (ch dn)

Ging nh
...l tiu biu
Da vo
C mi ln, c mi khi ...th
li ...
Theo
Ty ...m ...(khc nhau, thay
i ...)
Tranh th c hi
Bt chp
Khng tnh n (trng hp c
bit)
No l ...no l ...
D l ...d l ...

Nh l (a ra tiu chun)
Chnh

Ch
Nh l (k ra v d)

Nh l (a ra v d mt cch
ch bai)
Nh l (a ra v d mt cch
ch bai)
n nh l

JLPT N3

38. Quyt nh, kt lun, cht li vn

39. Ph nh

40. Ph nh mt phn

41. nh gi

42. Nhn mnh tnh cm

43. Hnh ng/cm xc khng trnh c

44. Din t cm xc mnh m

Vy l, kt lun l
Khi
, h (dng xc nhn)
Nh vy l, ni cch khc
(dng kt lun)
Thnh ra l (dng phn tch,
ct ngha)
Kh c th
Khng th no
ng l ...nhng
Khng phi lc no cng ng
Khng hn l
Ch c th
Chc chn
Khng cn cch no khc ngoi
Khng th chu ni (ci, vui
sng ...cm xc tch cc)
Khng th chu ni (kh chu,
bc tc ...cm xc tiu cc)
Khng th trnh c

Lm sao!