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Tolerance Stacks
Tolerance Stacks
Tolerance Stacks
Tolerance Stack-ups
Failure to assemble
Interference between parts
Failure of parts to engage
Failure to function as intended
Overview:
Tolerance stack-ups are
accumulations of variations
on drawings or in part
assemblies.
3.000.01
7.000.01
7.000.0
1
Example: Assembly of
individual parts
Suppose we have two blocks, A and B that are to fit
into a slot in C, all with tolerances shown.
Aa
Bb
Cc
Gap
Solutions
Tighten up the tolerances on each
component so the sum of the tolerances is
lower.
Include a spacer that comes in different
sizes to take up any slack resulting from the
tolerance addition (similar to shimming).
Design so that the tolerance stacks are not
relevant to function.
Consider that the variation in each part is
likely to be statistically distributed.
Example: 2-D
Consider a swing weight governor similar to the one
shown below
4 L1max
4.02
l1
0.02 L1min
3.98
L2
3 L2max
3.02
l2
0.02 L2min
2.98
Angle
alpha
Hmax
Hmin
Hnom
+/-
180
7.04
6.96
0.04
170
7.014
6.934
6.974
0.040
160
6.935
6.856
6.896
0.039
150
6.805
6.728
6.766
0.039
140
6.624
6.549
6.587
0.038
130
6.394
6.322
6.358
0.036
120
6.117
6.048
6.083
0.035
110
5.795
5.730
5.763
0.033
100
5.431
5.370
5.401
0.030
90
5.028
4.972
5.000
0.028
80
4.590
4.539
4.564
0.025
70
4.120
4.075
4.098
0.022
60
3.625
3.586
3.606
0.019