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RC Detailing To Ec2
RC Detailing To Ec2
Jenny Burridge
MA CEng MICE MIStructE
Head of Structural Engineering
Structural Eurocodes
BS EN 1990 (EC0):
BS EN 1991 (EC1):
Actions on Structures
BS EN 1992 (EC2):
BS EN 1993 (EC3):
BS EN 1994 (EC4):
BS EN 1995 (EC5):
BS EN 1996 (EC6):
BS EN 1999 (EC9):
BS EN 1997 (EC7):
Geotechnical design
BS EN 1998 (EC8):
Eurocode 2 - contents
General
Basis of design
Materials
Structural analysis
Eurocode 2 - Annexes
A. (Informative)
B. (Informative)
C. (Normative)
Reinforcement properties
D. (Informative)
E. (Informative)
F. (Informative)
G. (Informative)
H. (Informative)
I. (Informative)
J. (Informative)
Standards
BS EN 13670
Execution of
Structures
N.A.
BS EN 206-1
Specifying
Concrete
Part 1-1:
BS 8500
Specifying
Concrete
NSCS
BS EN 1992
Design of concrete structures
BS EN 10080
Reinforcing
Steels
Part 1-2:
Fire design
Part 2:
Bridges
Part 3:
Liquid retaining
BS 4449
Reinforcing
Steels
National Annex
BS 8666
Reinforcement
Scheduling
24%
58%
18%
Rationalisation of Reinforcement
Detailing
Reinforcement
Reinforcement
EC2 does not cover the use of plain or mild steel reinforcement
Principles and Rules are given for deformed bars, decoiled rods,
welded fabric and lattice girders.
Properties of reinforcement
(Annex C)
Product form
Class
Characteristic yield
strength fyk or f0,2k (MPa)
cold worked
Wire Fabrics
400 to 600
hot rolled
seismic
k = (ft/fy)k
1,05
1,08
1,15
<1,35
1,05
1,08
1,15
<1,35
Characteristic strain at
maximum force, uk (%)
2,5
5,0
7,5
2,5
5,0
7,5
150
100
The UK has chosen a maximum value of characteristic yield strength, fyk, = 600 MPa,
but 500 MPa is the value assumed in BS 4449 and 4483 for normal supply.
Extract BS 8666
www.ukcares.co.uk
www.uk-bar.org
UK CARES (Certification - Product & Companies)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
steel
www.ukcares.co.uk
www.uk-bar.org
A
Reinforcement supply
Coil up to 16mm (2.5T)
Bar 12,14,15 and 18m
Cut and bent approx 550 to 650/T
Medium
High
SC
Detail
Comment
Designer
Fabricator
33
Sausage Link.
Health and safety risk is high with
larger diameter bar.
Also the risk increases with small
dimensions.
When bent on an automatic link bender
with small diameter bars the risk is
relatively low. When bending on a
manual bender the risk is high,
especially with larger diameters and
non standard formers.
64
Boot Link.
Greater risk than shape code 51 as the
bars have to cross over twice to
achieve the shape.
Health and safety risk becomes higher
with larger diameter bar.
Also the risk increases with small
dimensions.
See Note SN2.
When bent on an automatic link bender
with small diameter bars the risk is
relatively low. When bending on a
manual bender the risk is higher,
especially with larger diameters.
Bending
Minimum Bending & projections
Minimum Bends
6mm - 16mm = 2x Dia Internal
20mm - 50mm = 3.5x Dia Internal
Minimum of 4 x dia between bends
End Projection = 5 x Dia from end of bend
BS8666, Table 2
Reinforcement cover
Axis distance, a, to centre of bar
a = c + m/2 + l
Axis
Distance
Nominal Cover
Axis distance, a
Fire protection
Procurement
Standard Detailing
Practicalities
12m maximum length H20 to H40
(12m H40 = 18 stone/ 118Kg)
Health & safety
9m maximum length H16 & H12
6m maximum length H10 & H8
Transport
Fixing
Control of Cracking
EC2: Cl. 7.3
A s,min
0.26 fctm bt d
0.0013 b t d
fyk
Note: For cracking due to restraint use only max bar size
Spacing of bars
EC2: Cl. 8.2
Clear horizontal and vertical distance , (dg +5mm) or 20mm
For separate horizontal layers the bars in each layer should be
located vertically above each other. There should be room to allow
access for vibrators and good compaction of concrete.
a) 45 90
Direction of concreting
Direction of concreting
250
c) h > 250 mm
Direction of concreting
300
h
b) h 250 mm
d) h > 600 mm
Alpha values
EC2: Table 8.2
Anchorage of links
EC2: Cl. 8.5
< 25%
33%
50%
>50%
1.15
1.4
1.5
Worked example
Anchorage and lap lengths
= 0.21 x 252/3
= 1.8 MPa
fctd = ct fctk,0,05/c = 1.8/1.5 = 1.2
fbd = 2.25 x 1.2 = 2.7 MPa
= (/4) ( sd/fbd)
= (/4) ( 435/2.7)
= 40.3
For concrete class C25/30
Alpha values
EC2: Table 8.2
Concise: 11.4.2
4 = 1.0
N/A
5 = 1.0
conservative value
cd = 25 is 3 = 3 x 16 = 48
3 = 1.0
4 = 1.0
N/A
5 = 1.0
conservative value
Arrangement of Laps
EC2: Cl. 8.7.2, Fig 8.7
Arrangement of Laps
EC2: Cl. 8.7.3, Fig 8.8
Transverse Reinforcement
Anchorage of bars
Transverse Reinforcement
Lapping of bars
F tan
F tan
F/2
F/2
If more than 50% of the reinforcement is lapped at one point and the
distance between adjacent laps at a section is 10 transverse bars should
be formed by links or U bars anchored into the body of the section.
Ast /2
Ast /2
l 0 /3
l 0 /3
150 mm F
s
Fs
l0
Beams
EC2: Cl. 9.2
As,max = 0,04 Ac
Section at supports should be designed for a
hogging moment 0,25 max. span moment
Any design compression reinforcement () should be
held by transverse reinforcement with spacing 15
Beams
EC2: Cl. 9.2
V
z
s
d
d
av
Shear reinforcement
EC2: Cl. 9.2.2
Shear Design
EC2: Cl. 6.2.3
V
z
x
s
Curtailment of reinforcement
EC2: Cl. 9.2.1.3, Fig 9.2
Envelope of (M Ed /z +N Ed )
lbd
lbd
lbd
al
lbd
Ftd
al
Ftd
lbd
lbd
Shift rule
lbd
lbd
Anchorage of Bottom
Reinforcement at End Supports
EC2: Cl. 9.2.1.4
Tensile Force Envelope
al
Supporting Reinforcement at
Indirect Supports
EC2: Cl. 9.2.5
A
B
h 2 /3
h 2 /2
Plan view
The supporting reinforcement is in
addition to that required for other
reasons
h 1 /3
h 1 /2
Solid slabs
EC2: Cl. 9.3
Solid slabs
EC2: Cl. 9.3
Where partial fixity exists, not taken into account in design: Internal
supports: As,top 0,25As for Mmax in adjacent span
End supports:
As,top 0,15As for Mmax in adjacent span
This top reinforcement should extend 0,2 adjacent span
Columns
EC2: Cl. 9.5.2
h 4b
min 12
As,min = 0,10NEd/fyd but 0,002 Ac
As,max = 0.04 Ac
(0,08Ac at laps)
Columns
EC2: Cl. 9.5.3
150mm
scl,tmax
150mm
Walls
Vertical Reinforcement
As,vmin = 0,002 Ac (half located at each face)
As,vmax = 0.04 Ac
(0,08Ac at laps)
Detailing Comparisons
Beams
EC2
BS 8110
Clause / Values
As,min
9.2.1.1 (1):
0.0013 bd
0.26 fctm/fykbd
0.0013 bh
As,max
9.2.1.1 (3):
0.04 bd
0.04 bh
Values
--
0.002 bh
As,max
9.2.1.1 (3):
0.04 bd
0.04 bh
smin
8.2 (2):
Smax
Table 7.3N
dg + 5 mm or
Table 3.28
Links
Asw,min
9.2.2 (5):
(0.08 b s fck)/fyk
sl,max
9.2.2 (6):
0.75 d
0.75d
st,max
9.2.2 (8):
0.75 d 600 mm
Detailing Comparisons
Slabs
EC2
BS 8110
Clause / Values
As,min
9.2.1.1 (1):
As,max
0.04 bd
0.26 fctm/fykbd
0.0013 bd
Values
0.0013 bh
0.04 bh
9.3.1.1 (2):
0.002 bh
As,max
9.2.1.1 (3):
0.04 bd
0.04 bh
Spacing of Bars
smin
8.2 (2):
dg + 5 mm or or 20mm
dg + 5 mm or
3d or 750 mm
2h 250 mm
secondary: 3h 400 mm
Detailing Comparisons
Punching Shear
EC2
BS 8110
Links
Clause / Values
Values
Asw,min
9.4.3 (2):
(fck)/fyk
Total = 0.4ud/0.87fyv
Sr
9.4.3 (1):
0.75d
0.75d
St
9.4.3 (1):
Spacing of Links
1.5d
0.004 bh
As,max
9.5.2 (3):
0.06 bh
0.04 bh
Links
Min size
0.25 or 6 mm
Scl,tmax
12
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