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Вовед во статистика за инженери 2.Б2-2.Б3а
Вовед во статистика за инженери 2.Б2-2.Б3а
Вовед во статистика за инженери 2.Б2-2.Б3а
2 ( )
.
, .
, ..
. , =.
. AB={x|xA xB ( )} .
. B={x|xA xB} .
B=, .
, .
\={x|xB x} .
( )
.
A ={x|xA} , A =\.
A B = W A B = .
A A = A
A = A
AW = W
A A = W
AB = AB \ A
A A = A
A =
AW = A
A A =
(A) = A
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A = ( A)
B
A
B/A
A
1 Pr(W) = 1 ; Pr() = 0
2 Pr(A) 1
3 Pr(A) 0
4 Pr(A) = 1 - Pr( A) A .
(4)
5 A B , Pr(A) Pr(B)
6 Pr(A B) = Pr( A) + Pr(B) - Pr(A B)
(5)
P(A B) = P( A) + P (B) .
.2.1 10 1 10,
. .
1 , 2 ,
3 ,
4 ,
5 ,
6 ,
7 ,
8 ,
9 , 10
( ),
12.
: = 12,
11 12 : = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}= W.
, p = Pr( A) = Pr(W) = 1 .
.2.2 4 6 :
.
, .
: ,
= p = Pr( A) = 0.4
77
, = .
, : B = A ,
: Pr(B) = Pr( A) = 1 - Pr( A) = 1 - p = 1 - 0.4 = 0.6
: q = 1 - p = 0.6
: .. , ..
.
p
, q = 1 - p .
.3
1 2, 1 2
. 1 1
B2 2.
:
Pr(B|A) = ,
.. B .
. :
, Pr(B|A)=Pr(B),
.. , B .
(6)
( ):
Pr(B) = Pr(A)Pr(B|A)
(7)
,
.. 1, 2.
, Pr(B|A)=P(B) P(AB)=P(A)P(B). B=BA
=B
Pr(B) = Pr(A)Pr(B)
( )
(8)
,
.
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