4.

,
.
. ,
. ,
; ,
, , .
.
,
.
, , .
4.1.

,
.

,
( vd vp).
s, a (27).

(27)

(28) - ,
b-

,
1m .
.
. (27),
(28) (28).
.
.
, 1 m .

28

(29)

( ).
.
,
.

,
(29).
,

vd
vp. ,

.

.

4.2.

,
.
(30) (31).

(30)

(31)
(30).
, , . (31)
(31).
,
.

29

(32)
(33)
.
, (32)
> s.
,
= 5 . (33)
.
,
. ,

, ,
(34).

:
(35) , (35)b
(35)
.

,
.
(34)

(35)

30

4.3.

. ,

. .
.

, ,
. .

(36)

(37)

. ,
,
S. (36).
(37) .
vd .
vdmax :

= , :

() .
vm .
.

:

31

 S
,
z

l(38).


.
(38)
1, 2. 3.

V00
1.

N/mm2

m / min

40
40...50
50...60
60...70
70...80
80

18...25
15...20
12...16
10...14
10...14
6...12
8...10

20...30
18...24
14...20
12...18
10...16
8...14
10...12

Mm
0,6...12
0,6...10
0,5...8
0,5...8
0,5...6
0,3...5
0,2...3

8...16
8...16
12...25
18...35

10...25
10...25
18...40
25...60

0,2...12
0,2...12
0,2...12
0,2...12

V60
2.

N/mm2
40
40...60
60...80

m / min
8...14...22
6...12...16
5...10...12
6...12...14
5...10...12
12...24...30

Mm
3...4
2...4
1...4
3...4
2...4
3...4

V60 ,

3.

N/mm2

m / min

Mm

60
60...70
70...80
80

S3
S3
S3
S1
G1
G1
G1
G1
G1

50...80...120
40...60...90
25...40...75
15...30...60
25...40...60
30...50...80
50...80...120
10...40...60
25...40...60

0,1...2
0,1...2
0,1...2
0,1...2
0,1...4
0,1...4
0,1...5
0,2...0,8
0,2...1

32

4.4.

. :
1.
2.
3.

Fh ( )
Fs
Fa .

(39), (40).
, .
, .
, :

(39)

(40)

fs ,
.
( . fs = fs1x1*h-x).

18%,
. :
fs = 1,18 * fs

33

4.5.

,
.
.

.
, .

:

. , Fh = 0.

34