.

, , , , .
.

.
.
.
ArcCoth

o
Exp[x]
Log[x]
Log[b, x]
Sin, Cos, Tan, Sec, Csc, Cot
ArcSin, ArcCos, ArcTan, ArcSec, ArcCsc, ArcCot
Sinh, Cosh, Tanh, Sech, Csch, Coth
ArcSinh, ArcCosh, ArcTanh, ArcSech, ArcCsch,

.
. Degree .
Sin150
1
2

Mathematica (Built-In) ,
. = :=. ,

, .
fx_ Logx2 1;
gx_ : Logx2 1;

, x_
. ,

5 Funkcii.nb

f2, fy, fr3

g2, gy, gr3

Log5, Log1 y2 , Log1 r6

Log5, Log1 y2 , Log1 r6

, . .
Clearf, g;
gx_ Expandx3 1;
fx_ : Expandx3 1;

f g x, f , g
.
gx y, fx y
1 x y3 , 1 x3 3 x2 y 3 x y2 y3

. g
Expand
() .

Mathematica e
. ,
ReplaceAll[expr,rule] expr /. rule,

zamena1 b b2 ;
3 b, Expb . zamena1
3 b2 , b
2

ReplaceAll3 b, Expb, zamena1

3 b2 , b
2

, x y, .
a3b
a 3 b2

c . zamena1
c

,
:
zamena2 x_ x2 ;

5 Funkcii.nb

a3b
a 3 b

c . zamena2
c

,
.
pravila Logx_ y_ Logx Logy, Logx_n_ n Logx;
Logp q, Logr4 . pravila
Logp Logq, 4 Logr

ReplaceAll
, . ,
, ,
. :
Logx2 y z . pravila
Logx2 Logy z

,
, x y z.
ReplaceAll, a ja e ReplaceRepeated,
//.
Logx2 y z . pravila
2 Logx Logy Logz

2D a

2D- Plot[f[x],{x,a,b}], :
PlotArcSinx, x, 1, 1
1.5
1.0
0.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.5

1.0

-0.5
-1.0
-1.5

AxesStyle Arrowheads,
Mesh .

5 Funkcii.nb

In[43]:=

PlotArcSinx, x, 1, 1, AxesStyle Arrowheads0.05, Mesh 20

1.0
0.5
Out[43]=

-1.0

-0.5

0.5
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5

Plot. . ,
BaseStyle, Frame
True, PlotStyleThickness.
PlotSinx2 , x, 0, 2 , PlotStyle Thickness0.01,

BaseStyle FontWeight "Normal", FontSize 14, Frame True

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0

Plot, ,
GridLines GridLinesStyle.

5 Funkcii.nb

PlotSinx2 , x, 0, 2 , PlotStyle Thickness0.01,

GridLines Automatic, GridLinesStyle DirectiveThin, Gray, Dotted,
BaseStyle FontWeight "Normal", FontSize 14, Frame True

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0

, ,
.
x=2 x=5.
Plot

x 3 x 4
x 2 x 5

, x, 0, 7, Exclusions x 2, x 5, ExclusionsStyle Dashed

-2

-4

() .
f[x_]:= pw, ( )
+ . + .
fx_ :

x2 1 Absx 2
1
Absx 1
1
x2

True

5 Funkcii.nb

Plotfx, x, 4, 4, Exclusions x 2, x 2, ExclusionsStyle Dashed,

PlotStyle Thickness0.01
4

-4

-2

.
In[1]:=

Clearf, g;

In[2]:=

fx_ : Sinx2
gx_ : Cosx2

Plotfx, gx, fx gx, x, ,

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-3

-2

-1

, , Plot .
. Tooltip.
.
.

5 Funkcii.nb

PlotTooltipfx, gx, fx gx, x, ,

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-3

-2

-1

. .
Plotfx, gx, fx gx, x, , , PlotStyle Red, Blue, Dashing0.01
1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-3

-2

-1

GraphicsRow GraphicsColumn
, . :
In[4]:=

In[9]:=

g1 Plotfx, x, , ;
g2 Plotgx, x, , ;
g3 Plotfx gx, x, , ;
GraphicsRowg1, g2, g3

Out[9]=

-3

-2

-1

1.0

1.0

30

0.8

0.8

25

0.6

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2
1

-3

-2

-1

20
15
10
5
1

-3

-2

-1

. PlotLegends.
Needs"PlotLegends`"

5 Funkcii.nb

Plotfx, gx, fx gx, x, , , PlotStyle Red, Blue, Dashing0.01,

PlotLegend fx, gx, fx gx, LegendPosition 1, .5
1.0
0.8
sin2 x

0.6

-3

-2

0.4

cos2 x

0.2

cos2 x + sin2 x

-1

,
. ,
Manipulate. ,

.
ManipulatePlotTann x, x, 0, 1, PlotRange 10, n, 1, 4, 1

10

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

-5

-10

,
f(x). :
In[48]:=

Manipulate
Text Grid"x", "fx
x, 5.3, 1, 10, 0.1

x
Out[48]=

x
5.3

fx=

1
x2 +1

0.0343761

1
x2

", x,

1
x2

, Dividers All, ItemSize 5,

5 Funkcii.nb

. Manipulate,
a, b c ?
. Manipulate,
?
,
Filling . ,
x- :
In[56]:=

PlotSin20 x, x, 0, 1.5, PlotRange All, Filling Axis

Out[56]=

, f(x)=2 :
In[59]:=

PlotSin20 x, x, 0, 1.5, PlotRange All, Filling 1 2

Out[59]=

, :
In[60]:=

Out[60]=

Plotx2 , x4 , Sin20 x, x, 0, 1.5, PlotRange All, Filling 2 3

10

5 Funkcii.nb

2D , PolarPlot.
.
Clearf, t;
ft_ : Sina t;
PolarPlotft . a 3, t, 0, 2 , Frame True,
PlotStyle RGBColor1, 0, 1, Thickness0.01
0.5

0.0

-0.5

-1.0
-0.5

0.0

0.5

x=f(t) y=f(t). , ParametricPlot.
.
Clearx, y, t;
xt_ 3 Sint;
yt_ 3 Cost;
krug ParametricPlotxt, yt, t, 0, 2 , AspectRatio Automatic
3

-3

-2

-1

-1

-2

-3

.
Clearx, y, t;

5 Funkcii.nb

xt_ : t Sint;
yt_ : t Cost;

spirala ParametricPlotxt, yt, t, 0, 4 , AxesLabel x, y,

AspectRatio Automatic, PlotStyle RGBColor0, 1, 1, Thickness0.01
y

10

-10

-5

-5

1.
:
x(t) = r(1-sin(t)) y(t) = r(1-cos(t)), t{-2Pi,2 Pi}?
2.
ln(nx +10)?
3.
Manipulate.

3D

3D Plot3D ParametricPlot3D.
.
Clearx, y, t;

fx_, y_ :

1
x2

y2

11

12

5 Funkcii.nb

povrsina
Plot3Dfx, y, x, 2, 2, y, 2, 2, AspectRatio Automatic, PlotPoints 40

3D PlotPoints.
.
.
AspecRatio .

!
.
povrsina Plot3Dfx, y, x, 2, 2, y, 2, 2, AspectRatio Automatic,
PlotPoints 40, Mesh False, AxesLabel " x", " y", " fx",
BaseStyle FontWeight "Normal", FontSize 14

Mathematica
.
ParametricPlot3D.
Clearx, y, z, r, t;
fx_, y_ : x2 y2 ;

5 Funkcii.nb

xr_, t_ : r Cost;
yr_, t_ : r Sint;
zr_, t_ : fxr, t, yr, t;
povrsina ParametricPlot3Dxr, t, yr, t, zr, t, r, 0, 2, t, 0, 2 ,
PlotPoints 30

, Opacity.
.
Plot3Dx2 y2 , x, 2, 2, y, 2, 2, PlotPoints 40,

PlotStyle DirectiveOpacity0.0, Thickness0.01, Boxed False

13

14

5 Funkcii.nb

Plot3D.
x2 y2

gx_, y_ :

x2 y2 1
x2 y2 1

Plot3Dgx, y, x, 1, 1, y, 1, 1

3D ParametricPlot3D.
st_ :

t2
50

Sint,

t2
50

Cost, t

ParametricPlot3Dst, t, 0, 8 , AxesLabel x, y, z,
PlotStyle Thickness0.01, BaseStyle FontWeight "Normal", FontSize 14

10
5

0
-5
-10

20

z
10

0
-10
-5
x

0
5