BO CO THC TP A C

A. TRNH BY KIN THC TNG HP C HC:

Chng I: Tiu chun kho st a k thut, cc phng php th
nghim v thng k cc ch tiu c l ca t.
1. Kho st a k thut : l kho st s liu phc vcho ngnh a k thut.
Cc phng php kho st ti hin trng :
H o v
Khoan tay, khoan my v ly mu th nghim.
CPT : Cone Penetration Test.
SPT : Standard Penetration Test.
Nn ngang BST : Borehole Shear Test.
Ct cnh FVT : Field Vane Test.
Nu gp nn cng, ngoi bin php khoan gn mi kim cng th c
th dung phng php thm d a vt l.
2. H khoan: bao gm cc yu t
V tr ca h khoan
C ly, su ca h khoan.
S lng h khoan.
Tt c cc yu t trn ph thuc vo tiu chun ca ngnh, mt khc
tiu chun li da vo mc phc tp ca a cht xy dng cng
trnh v mc quan trng ca cng trnh.
Quy nh trn c th hin trong TCVN 9363 2012, c th l ph lc D,
di y l 1 phn bng D1:

Khng nn khoan ti cc v tr c ti trng ln ( chn cu thang, ct gia,

mng thang my) m ch nn khoan gn tm ca nhng v tr nhng
khong cch ti a ch c 5m.
iu quyt nh nht n chnh xc ca nn mng chnh l chiu su
h o
Khoan nng : khng s liu thit k.
Khoan su : khng kinh t.
Khoan va , tc l khoan va s liu thit k, khng qu su v
m bo kinh t, d d bo lc ca nn, l phi khoan xuyn qua
vng nn bn di.
Vng nn : l vng bn khng gian hu hn bn di y mng tnh t y
mng ti v tr m ng sut do ti trng bn thn bng 5 10 ln ng sut do
ti trng bn ngoi gy ra.
i vi mng nng ( mng n trn nn thin nhin):

i vi mng su (mng cc BTCT ): xem khi mng nh mng n c

chiu su bng chiu su chn i mng + chiu su chn mng cc.
Chiu su h khoan phi ly su hn chiu su tnh lc ca mng:

Chng II: Cc th nghim trong phng.

Mu t : ly t cc h khoan ngoi cng trng v trong phng. Mu t
em v phng th c trng thi khc vi trng thi lc nguyn th ca n.
S liu th nghim khng ng tin cy nhng vn phi s dng n v
khng c th nghim no c th thay th c n.
T cc th nghim trong phng ta s c cc s liu em i thit k nn
mng.
1. Th nghim ry sn : dung xc nh ng cong cp phi ht ( l th
hin mi quan h gia t l % cc ht c ng knh b hn ng knh
D1 v D2 .
Cu =
Trong :

D10 ; D30 ; D60

D60
D10

C g=

D 302
D60 x D 10

l ng knh m c 10% ; 30% ; 60% c ht nh

hn.
V d v biu ng cong cp phi ht:

Cc dng ng cong v tnh cht:

a. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim ry sn:

Dng c th nghim :
Ry kch thc 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10.
Cn c chnh xc n 0.01 g.
Mu t.
Cc bc tin hnh th nghim:
Cn lng t i ry.
Lp ry vo theo th t ng knh cho ht ri qua 0.5 1 2 5
10.
t vo, tin hnh ry khong 30s.
Sau khi ry, ly ry trn cng ry s trn 1 ming giy, s nu thy
ming giy vn nhm, ra t trn ming giy vo ry di, lp ry
trn cng li v tin hnh ry tip cho ti khi at.
Ry xong em cn khi lng tng ry.
b. Tnh ton cc s liu v v:
mo l khi lng t ban u tin hnh th nghim.

mi

l khi lng t cn li trn ray ( m10 ; m5 ; m2 ; m1 ; m0.5 ; mdray ).

Do hao ht trong qu trnh th nghim nn

mi mo .

Vy nn th nghim ch t khi
mi

mo
mo

mo m

mo

: khi lng t thm vo ray i.

m i=

mo

mi

mi

tr

mdray= mo

dray
c

i=10

mi

x i : khi lng t cn li trn ry : cng dn:

x 10 = m10+ m10
x 5 = m5+ m5+ m10+ m10

.
.
.
x dray =

m0

y i : khi lng t lt qua ray i:

y 10 =
y5 =

.
.
.

m10x 10
mox 5

y dray = 0

z i : % khi lng t nh hn ng knh i:

z 10=

z 5=

y 10
mo

y5
mo

.
.
.
z dray=

y dray
mo

2. Th nghim xc nh dng trng t:

a. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim:

1%

 Dng c th nghim:
Cn o chnh xc n 0.01 g
Dao vng : ng knh trong 50mm, cao 20mm.
Mu t.
Tin hnh th nghim:
Cn khi lng dao vng trc -> mo
t dao vng ln mu t, tin hnh n xung, gt b i t tha.
Cn t v dao vng c m1.
b. Tnh ton s liu:
Ta c th tch ca t chnh l th tch trong c dao vng : V.
m 1m o
g .
=> = V
3. Th nghim xc nh m ca t:
a. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim:
Dng c th nghim:
Cn o chnh xc n 0.01 g
Mu t.
T sy.
Lon ng t, dao gt t.
Tin hnh th nghim:
Cn lon ng t trc -> mo
Ly mu t b vo lon, em cn -> m1.
Ly lon cha t i sy nhit 105 C n khi khi lng khng
i em cn c m2.
b. Tnh ton s liu:
m1m2
=> W = m1mo %
4. Th nghim nn c kt:
tnh lc c th ta phi c th nghim nn ln c c biu
ng cong nn ln e-p.
Cc bc tin hnh th nghim:
Mu t c ly ra khi ng mu, tin hnh th nghim xc nh
m v dung trng t nhin ca mu
Ly mu cn thn vo dao vng v lp dao vng c cha mu vo hp
nn. Sau lp hp nn vo my nn. Cn chnh my nn v trng
thi cn bng, kha cn gia ti sau cho vic cht ti s khng lm nh
hng n mu v t vo my cp ti u tin. Cc ng tc thc
hin trong qu trnh ny phi chnh xc v thn trng, trnh nn trc
mu.
Chnh ng h o bin dng v 0.
nc ct vo hp nn sao cho ngp mu. Ngm bo ha mu trong
24h.
Sau khi ngm bo ha mu, chnh ng h o bin dng v 0 v m
kha cn gia ti.

c v ghi chp li cc s liu o bin dng ca mu theo thi gian: 6,

15, 30 giy, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30 pht, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 gi v tip tc ghi
nhn li cc s liu sau mi 24 gi cho n khi s liu ca 2 ln c
lin tip khng vt qu 0.01mm (1 vch) th dng li. Gia tng cp ti
tip theo.
Thc hin li bc 6 cho cc cp gia ti tip theo.
D ti n cp ti yu cu v cng quan trc bin dng mu theo thi
gian nh bc 6 ca phn cht ti.
Kt thc th nghim, ly mu ra khi hp nn v xc nh li dung
trng cng nh m ca mu.
Tnh ton kt qu th nghim.
B. Nhn xt v h s a cht:
C. Tnh ton sc chu ti ca cc:

I.

Cc p ( Tnh theo TCXD 205 1998 ).

1. Cc p tit din vung 25x25 su 25m.
Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B20 c Rb = 11.5 MPa;
104

Rbt

= 0.9 MPa;

Eb = 27x

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 4 16 c

As =

8.04cm2( = 1.5%)

Ct ai v thp mc cu chn AI c : Rs = 225 MPa.

Chn chiu su t y i l h = 1.5m.

Chn chiu di on mi Lm = 0.3 m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu:

Qv = ( Rb A b + R s A s )

: H s xt n nh hng ca un dc ph thuc vo mnh,

cc i qua lp 1 bn st, trng thi chy b dy 12.8 -1.5 =11.3m
=> l tt chiu su tnh t i n b mt lp t 2 => l tt =
l tt
11.3 m => = b

11.3
0.25

= 45, tra bng ta c : = 0.59

Rb

A b = 0.25x0.25 = 0.0625 m2
Rs = 280 MPa = 280000 kN/ m2.
A s = 8.04 c m2 = 8.04 x 104 m2 .

Qv

= 11.5 MPa = 11500 kN/m2

4
= ( Rb A b + R s A s ) = 0.59(11500x0.0625 + 280000x8.04 x 10

= 557 kN.
b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD
205-1998 )::
Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si l i )

Trong : m = 1.
mR = 0.8 H cc bng phng php p vo st pha c

I L = 0.55

(0.5 1).
q p = sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 25m, ni suy theo bng
A1 TCXD 205 1998 ta c q p =1575 kN/m2.
A p = 0.25x0.25 = 0.0625 m2 -din tch tit din ngang ca cc.
u = 4x0.25= 1 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.
Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn thn
cc:

Lp t

1
21
22
23
24
25
31
32

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.55
0.55

(m)
11.3
2
2
2
2
1.6
2
0.6

(m)
7.15
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8
21.6
23.4
24.7

mfi

0
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.9
0.9

f si

mfi f si l i

(kN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0
55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16
49.29
46.26
13.99
340.4

0
30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2
34
25.7
25.9
Tng
cng

Qtc = m( mR q p A p +

u mf f si l i ) = 1(0.8x1575x0.0625 + 1x340.4)

=419.2 kN.

Sc chu ti tnh ton :

Qtc
k tc

Qa1 =

419.2
1.4

= 300 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ).
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:

f si li

Qs=u

u = 4x0.25 =1m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

' hi

ai
= c ai + ' h i tan

' vi

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc (kN/m2) :
-

'
hi

'
vi

k si

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si = 1 - sin i

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m ->-12.8m

'
v 1.5m
'
v 12.8m
'
h1.5 m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2
= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
=

'
v 1.5 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.

'
h12.8 m

'
v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
12.35+115.32
2

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->22.4m.

'

v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

115.32+ 141.69
2

'

= 375 + 19.5x2.6 = 425.7 kN/m2.

h25 m

'
v 25m

(0.19+0.233log I p

=194.87 kN/m2

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

v 25m
'

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->-25m.

L
p

141.69+194.87
2

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.
22.
6
4
22.
4
25

2.
6

kN/
m3

Ip
%

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20

= 425.7(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 45 kN/m2.

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9
141.6
375
9
45
117
425.7 198.8
7
768.7

TNG
Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 1x768.7 =768.7 kN

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.

=0.0625m2 Din tch tit din ngang mi cc kN/m2.

qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.

'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.
c = 20 kN/m2
'
vp = 425.7 kN/m2
dp = 0.25 m cnh tit din mi cc.

 = n = 10 kN/m3
T = 10.47 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =8.7; Nq =2.66; N =1.39.
qp = 20x8.7 +425.7x2.66 + 10x0.25x1.39=1309.8 kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=1309.8 x 0.0625

=81.86 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
768.7 81.86
Qa2 = FS s + FS p
= 1.75 + 2.5

= 472 kN.

d. Sc chu ti theo kt qu xuyn tiu chun(Ph lc C2 TCXD

205 1998):
Tnh ton s SPT cc lp t da vo th nghim SPT:
Z1
11.83
13.83
15.83
17.83
19.83
21.83
23.83
25.83
27.83
29.83
31.83

t
Bn st, chy
Ct pha, do

St pha, do
mm

N
0
11
11
14
15
13
12
12
11
14
13

Ntbi
0
12.8

12.4

Tnh theo cng thc ca Meyerhof:

Q a= K NA + K N A
1

tb

Trong :
N : ch s SPT trung bnh trong khong 1d di mi cc v 4d
trn mi cc. V cc cm su vo lp t 3B 2.6m => 4xd =
4x0.25=1 => vn nm trn lp t ny nn N = 12.4.
- Ap : din tch tit din ngang mi cc ; Ap =0.0625 m2
- Ntb : ch s SPT trung bnh dc thn cc.
0 x 12.8+12.8 x 9.6+12.4 x 10.1
Ntb =
= 7.6
12.8+9.6+10.1
-

As : Din tch mt bn cc, As = 4x0.25x(25-1.5-0.3)=23.2 m2

K1 : h s ly bng 400 cho cc p.
K2 = 2 vi cc p.
Thay s: Qa = 400x12.4x0.0625 + 2x7.6x23.2 =662.6 kN
-

Vy sc chu ti cho php l:

Qa3 =

Qa
FS

662.6
2.75

= 241 kN

e. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qv

1
a

= 557 kN

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Q

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

3
Sc chu ti heo kt qu xuyn tiu chun : Q a

= 300 kN
= 472 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

Qtk

= 241 kN
3
= Qa = 241 kN.

Qv
Kim tra sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc bng cch xt t s : Q
tk
557
= 241

=2.3

Ta thy t s ny nm trong khong 2 3, m bo cc khng b ph

hoi trong qu trnh cm vo t.
2. Cc p tit din vung 30x30 su 25m.
Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B20 c Rb = 11.5 MPa;
104

Rbt

= 0.9 MPa;

Eb = 27x

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 4 16 c

As =

8.04cm2( = 1.03%)

Ct ai v thp mc cu chn AI c : Rs = 225 MPa.

Chn chiu su t y i l h = 1.5m.

Chn chiu di on mi Lm = 0.3 m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu:

Qv = ( Rb A b + R s A s )

: H s xt n nh hng ca un dc ph thuc vo mnh,

cc i qua lp 1 bn st, trng thi chy b dy 12.8-1.5 = 11.3
m => l tt chiu su tnh t i n b mt lp t 2 => l tt =
l tt
11.3 m => = b

11.3
0.3

= 37.7 tra bng ta c : = 0.59

Rb

A b = 0.3x0.3 = 0.09 m2/

Rs = 280 MPa = 280000 kN/m2.
A s = 8.04 c m2 = 8.04 x 104 m2 .

= 11.5 MPa = 11500 kN/m2.

Qv

4
= ( Rb A b + R s A s ) = 0.59(11500x0.09 + 280000x8.04 x 10 =

743.5 kN.
b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD
205-1998 )::
Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u m f f si l i )

Trong : m = 1.
mR = 0.8 H cc bng phng php p vo st pha c

I L = 0.55

(0.5 1).
q p = sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 25m, ni suy theo bng

A1 TCXD 205 1998 ta c q p =1575 kN/m2.

A p = 0.3x0.3 = 0.09 m2 -din tch tit din ngang ca cc.
u = 4x0.3= 1.2 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.
Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn thn
cc:

Lp t

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18

(m)
11.3

(m)
7.15

mfi

f si

mfi f si l i

(KN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0

21
22
23
24
25
31
32

0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.55
0.55

2
2
2
2
1.6
2
0.6

13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8
21.6
23.4
24.7

0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.9
0.9

30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2
34
25.7
25.9
Tng
cng

55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16
49.29
46.26
13.99
340.4

Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si li ) = 1(0.8x1575x0.09 + 1.2x340.4) =

521.9kN.

Sc chu ti tnh ton :

Q

1
a

Qtc
k tc

521.9
1.4

= 373 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ).
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:

f si li

Qs=u

u = 4x0.3 =1.2 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

' hi

ai
= c ai + ' hi tan

' vi

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc ( KN/m2) :
-

'
hi

'
vi

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si

k si = 1 - sin i

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m ->-12.8m

'
v 1.5m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2

'

v 12.8m
'

h1.5 m

= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 1.5 m

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.
'

h12.8 m

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

'
v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

115.32+ 141.69
2

'

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

= 375 + 19.5x2.6 = 425.7 kN/m2.

h25 m

'
v 25m

(0.19+0.233log I p

=194.87 kN/m2

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

v 25m
'

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->-25m.

L
p

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->22.4m.

12.35+115.32
2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

141.69+194.87
2

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.
22.
6
4
22.
4
25

2.
6

kN/
m3

Ip
%

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20

TNG

= 425.7(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 45 kN/m2.

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9
141.6
375
9
45
117
425.7 198.8
7
768.7

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 1.2x768.7 =922.4 kN

 Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.

=0.09m2 Din tch tit din ngang mi cc kN/m2.

qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.

'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.
c = 20 kN/m2
'
vp = 425.7 kN/m2
dp = 0.3 m cnh tit din mi cc.
= n = 10 kN/m3.
T = 10.47 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =8.7; Nq =2.66; N =1.39.
qp = 20x8.7 +425.7x2.66 + 10x0.3x1.39=1310.5 kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=1310.5 x 0.09

= 117.9 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
1310.5 117.9
+
2
Qa = FS s + FS p
=
1.75
2.5

= 796 kN.

d. Sc chu ti theo kt qu xuyn tiu chun (Ph lc C2 TCXD

205 1998):
Tnh ton s SPT cc lp t da vo th nghim SPT:
Z1
11.83
13.83
15.83
17.83
19.83
21.83
23.83
25.83
27.83
29.83
31.83

t
Bn st, chy
Ct pha, do

St pha, do
mm

N
0
11
11
14
15
13
12
12
11
14
13

Ntbi
0
12.8

12.4

Tnh theo cng thc ca Meyerhof:

Q a= K1NAp + K2NtbAs
Trong :
-

N : ch s SPT trung bnh trong khong 1d di mi cc v 4d

trn mi cc. V cc cm su vo lp t 3B 2.6m => 4xd =
4x0.3=1.2 => vn nm trn lp t ny nn N = N3 = 12.4.

Ap : din tch tit din ngang mi cc ; Ap =0.09 m2

Ntb : ch s SPT trung bnh dc thn cc.
0 x 12.8+12.8 x 9.6+12.4 x 10.1
Ntb =
= 7.6
12.8+9.6+10.1
-

As : Din tch mt bn cc, As = 4x0.3x(25-1.5-0.3)=27.84 m2

K1 : h s ly bng 400 cho cc p.
K2 = 2 vi cc p.
Thay s: Qa = 400x12.4x0.09 + 2x7.6x27.84 = 869.6 kN
-

Vy sc chu ti cho php l:

Qa3 =

Qa
FS

869.6
2.75

= 316 kN

e. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qv

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Qa

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

3
Sc chu ti heo kt qu xuyn tiu chun : Q a

= 743.5 kN

= 373 kN
= 796 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

Qtk

= 316 kN
3
= Qa = 316 kN.

Qv
Kim tra sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc bng cch xt t s : Q
tk
=

743.5
316

=2.3

Ta thy t s ny nm trong khong 2 3, m bo cc khng b ph

hoi trong qu trnh cm vo t.
3. Cc p tit din vung 35x35 su 25m
Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B20 c Rb = 11.5 MPa;
104

Rbt

= 0.9 MPa;

Eb = 27x

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 4 16 c

As =

8.04cm2( = 1.3%)

Ct ai v thp mc cu chn AI c : Rs = 225 MPa.

Chn chiu su t y i l h = 1.5m.

Chn chiu di on mi Lm = 0.3 m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu:

Qv = ( Rb A b + R s A s )

: H s xt n nh hng ca un dc ph thuc vo mnh,

cc i qua lp 1 bn st, trng thi chy b dy 12.8-1.5=11.3 m

=>

l tt

chiu su tnh t i n b mt lp t 2 =>

l tt
11.3 m => = b

11.3
0.35

= 32.3 tra bng ta c : = 0.59

Rb

A b = 0.35x0.35 = 0.1225 m2/

Rs = 280 MPa = 280000 kN/m2.

As

Qv

l tt =

= 11.5 MPa = 11500 kN/m2.

2
= 8.04 c m

= 8.04 x

104 m2 .

4
= ( Rb A b + R s A s ) = 0.59(11500x0.1225 + 280000x8.04 x 10

= 964 kN.
b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD
205-1998 )::
Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u m f f si l i )

Trong : m = 1.
mR = 0.8 H cc bng phng php p vo st pha c

I L = 0.55

(0.5 1).
q p = sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 25m, ni suy theo bng
A1 TCXD 205 1998 ta c q p =1575 kN/m2.
A p = 0.35x0.35 = 0.1225 m2 -din tch tit din ngang ca cc.
u = 4x0.35= 1.4 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.
Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn thn
cc:

Lp t

1
21
22
23
24
25
31
32

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.55
0.55

(m)
11.3
2
2
2
2
1.6
2
0.6

(m)
7.15
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8
21.6
23.4
24.7

mfi

0
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.9
0.9

f si

mfi f si l i

(KN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0
55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16
49.29
46.26
13.99
340.4

0
30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2
34
25.7
25.9
Tng
cng

 Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si l i ) = 1(0.8x1575x0.1225 +
1.4x340.4) =631 kN.
Sc chu ti tnh ton :

1
a

Qtc
k tc

631
1.4

= 450.7 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ).
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:

f si li

Qs=u

u = 4x0.35 =1.4 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

' hi

ai
= c ai + ' hi tan

' vi

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc ( KN/m2) :
-

'
hi

'
vi

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si

k si = 1 - sin i

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m ->-12.8m

'
v 1.5m
'
v 12.8m
'
h1.5 m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2
= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
=

'
v 1.5 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.

'
h12.8 m

'
v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
12.35+115.32
2

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->22.4m.

'

v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

115.32+ 141.69
2

'

= 375 + 19.5x2.6 = 425.7 kN/m2.

h25 m

'
v 25m

(0.19+0.233log I p

=194.87 kN/m2

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

v 25m
'

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->-25m.

L
p

141.69+194.87
2

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.
22.
6
4
22.
4
25

2.
6

kN/
m3

Ip
%

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20

= 425.7(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 45 kN/m2.

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9
141.6
375
9
45
117
425.7 198.8
7
768.7

TNG
Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 1.4x768.7 =1076.2 kN

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.

=0.1225m2 Din tch tit din ngang mi cc kN/m2.

qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.

'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.
c = 20 kN/m2
'
vp = 425.7 kN/m2
dp = 0.35 m cnh tit din mi cc.

 = n = 10 kN/m3
T = 10.47 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =8.7; Nq =2.66; N =1.39.
qp = 20x8.7 +425.7x2.66 + 10x0.35x1.39=1311.2 kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=1311.2 x 0.1225

=160.7 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
1311.2 160.7
+
Qa2 = FS s + FS p
=
1.75
2.5

= 813.5 kN.

d. Sc chu ti theo kt qu xuyn tiu chun (Ph lc C2 TCXD

205 1998) :
Tnh ton s SPT cc lp t da vo th nghim SPT:
Z1
11.83
13.83
15.83
17.83
19.83
21.83
23.83
25.83
27.83
29.83
31.83

t
Bn st, chy
Ct pha, do

St pha, do
mm

N
0
11
11
14
15
13
12
12
11
14
13

Ntbi
0
12.8

12.4

Tnh theo cng thc ca Meyerhof:

Q a= K NA + K N A
1

tb

Trong :
N : ch s SPT trung bnh trong khong 1d di mi cc v 4d
trn mi cc. V cc cm su vo lp t 3B 2.6m => 4xd =
4x0.35=1.4 => vn nm trn lp t ny nn N = 12.4.
- Ap : din tch tit din ngang mi cc ; Ap =0.1225 m2
- Ntb : ch s SPT trung bnh dc thn cc.
0 x 12.8+12.8 x 9.6+12.4 x 10.1
Ntb =
= 7.6
12.8+9.6+10.1
-

As : Din tch mt bn cc, As = 4x0.35x(25-1.5-0.3)=32.48 m2

K1 : h s ly bng 400 cho cc p.
K2 = 2 vi cc p.
Thay s: Qa = 400x12.4x0.1225 + 2x7.6x32.48 =1101.3 kN
-

Vy sc chu ti cho php l:

Qa3 =

Qa
FS

1101.3
2.75

= 400.5 kN

e. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qv

1
a

= 964 kN

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Q

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

3
Sc chu ti heo kt qu xuyn tiu chun : Q a

= 450.7 kN
= 813.5 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

Qtk

= 400.5 kN
3
= Qa = 400.5 kN.

Qv
Kim tra sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc bng cch xt t s : Q
tk
964
= 400.5

=2.4

Ta thy t s ny nm trong khong 2 3, m bo cc khng b ph

hoi trong qu trnh cm vo t.
II.

Cc khoan nhi.
1. Cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 600 su 28m.
Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B25 c Rb = 14.5 MPa; Rbt = 10.5 MPa;
4
27x 10

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

cm2
(=

Eb =

18.48
60 2 x /4

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 1214 c A = 18.48

s

=0.65%)

Chn chiu su t y i l

= 1.5m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu( Tnh ton theo TCXD 195

1997 ).
Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu lm cc c xc nh theo cng
thc: (Tham kho mc 4 TCXD 195-1997 thit k cc khoan nhi)
Qvl = ( Ru A b + Ran A a ).
Trong

R
Ru : Cng tnh ton ca b tng cc nhi Ru = 4.5

; nhng

khng ln
hn 60 daN/cm2 trong trng hp cc b tng di nc hoc
trong dung dch st.
Vi mc thit k ca btng R =350 daN/cm2

Ru

= 350/4.5 =77.77 daN/cm2 > 60 daN/cm2.

Ru

Chn

Ab =

Ran

= 60 daN/cm2..= 6000kN/m2.
d2
4

602
=
4

= 2827 cm2 =0.2827 m2.

Cng tnh ton cho php ca ct thp, khi thp nh hn

28 mm th

Ran

Rc
= 1.5

nhng khng ln hn 2200 daN/cm2.

Vi Rc = 2800 daN/cm2: gii hn chy ca ct thp ( ct thp nhm

AII )
Rc
2800
Ran = 1.5 = 1.5
= 1866.67 daN/cm2 = 186667 kN/m2.
Aa

Qvl

2
= 18.48 c m

2
= 0.001848 m .

= ( Ru A b + Ran A a ) = 6000x0.2827 + 186667x0.001848 = 2041 kN.

b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD

205-1998 ):
Qtc
Qa =
K tc

K tc

= h s tin cy ly bng 1.4 theo tiu chun.

Qa

- sc chu ti ca t nn.

Qtc

sc chu ti tiu chun tnh theo t nn ca cc n.

Qtc = m( mR q p A p +

u m f f si l i )

Trong : m = 1 h s lm vic ca cc trong t.

mR = 0.924 H cc bng phng php p vo ct pha c

0.38

IL =

(0 0.5) => ni suy bng A.3 TCXD 205 1998 ta c

0.924
q p = sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 48m, tnh theo A.8

TCXD 195 1997 :

q p = 0.75x( ' I d p A ok + I L Bok
Trong :
I
= 10.6 kN/m3 - Tr tnh ton ca trng lng th tch t pha
di mi cc.

'I

- Tr tnh ton trung bnh ca trng lng th tch t pha trn

mi cc

'I

i hi
hi

0.3 x 14.6+12.5 x 4.8+ 9.6 x 10.1+10.1 x 10+10.2 x 10.6+2.1 x 10.1+3.2 x 10.6

0.3+12.5+ 9.6+10.1+10.2+ 2.1+ 3.2

dp
o
k

=8.87 kN/m3.

= 0.6m ng knh mi cc.

A , B ok , ,

cc h s khng th nguyn tra trong bng A.6

TCXD 205 1998 ph thuc vo gc ma st v

Lc
d

48
0.6

=80
o
o
=0.51; = 0.31; A k =11.79 ; B k =22.91 .
Vy

q p = 0.75x0.31(8.87x0.6x11.79 + 0.51x10.6x48x22.91)

=1397 kN/m2
2
602
Ap = d
=
4
4

ngang ca cc.
u = xd= 3.14x0.6 =1.88 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

= 2827 cm2 =0.2827 m2: din tch tit din

Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn

thn cc:

Lp t

1
21
22
23
24

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47

(m)
11.3
2
2
2
2

(m)
7.15
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8

mfi

0
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906

f si

mfi f si l i

(KN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0
55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16

0
30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2

25
31
32
33
34
35
36
41
42
43
44
45
46
51
52
61
62

0.47
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.3
0.3
0.38
0.38

1.6
2
2
2
2
1.1
1
2
2
2
2
1.2
1
1.1
1
2
1.2

21.6
23.4
25.4
27.4
29.4
30.95
32
33.5
35.5
37.5
39.5
41.1
42.2
43.25
44.3
45.8
47.4
TNG

0.906
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.94
0.94
0.924
0.924

34
25.7
26.1
26.7
27.4
28.1
2.9
52
52
52
52
52
52
7
7
54
54

49.29
46.26
46.98
48.06
49.32
27.82
26.1
95.89
95.89
95.89
95.89
57.53
47.94
72.38
65.8
99.79
99.79
1351.4
8

Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si li ) = 1(0.924x1397x0.2827 +
1.88x1351.48) =2906 kN.

Sc chu ti tnh ton :

Q

1
a

Qtc
k tc

2906
1.4

= 2076 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ):
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:
Qs=u

f si li

u = xd= 3.14x0.6 =1.88 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

ai
= c ai + ' hi tan

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

' hi

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc ( KN/m2) :
' vi

'
hi

'
vi

k si

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

k si = 1 - sin i

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m -> -12.8m

'
v 1.5m
'
v 12.8m
'
h1.5 m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2
= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
=

'
v 1.5 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.

'
h12.8 m

'
v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

'

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'
v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
115.32+ 141.69
2

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->

-32.5m.

'
v 32.5m

= 375 + 19.5x10.1 = 572 kN/m2.

h32.5 m

'

'
v 32.5m

=261.8 kN/m2

12.35+115.32
2

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->

-22.4m.

(0.19+0.233log I p

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
141.69+261.8
2

= 572(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 51.28 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 4 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -32.5m ->

-42.7m.

'
v 42.7 m

= 572 + 20.1x10.2 = 777 kN/m2.

h 42.7 m

'

'
v 42.7 m

=293.6 kN/m2

f s 4 = 0.7x9.1 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
261.8+ 293.6
2

= 777(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan23.47 = 126.9 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 5 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -42.7m ->

-44.8m.

'
v 44.8 m

= 777 + 19.9x2.1 = 818.8 kN/m2.

h 44.8 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 44.8 m

=390.3kN/m2

'

tan13.45 = 106.6 kN/m2.

v 48 m

= 818.8 + 20.2x3.2 =883.4 kN/m2.

h 48m

'

'
v 48 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

333.78kN/m2

= 818.8(0.19+0.233log17)

Tnh ton cho lp t 6 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -44.8m -> -48m.

L
p

293.6+ 390.3
2

f s 5 = 0.7x35.4 +

390.3+333.78
2

f s 6 = 0.7x8.8 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.6
22.
4
22.
4
10.
32.
1
5
32.
5
10.
42.
2
7
42.
7
2.1
44.
8
44.
8
3.2
48

kN/
m3

Ip
%

= 883.4(0.19+0.233log6.4) =

tan24.39 = 170.3 kN/m2.

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20.1

6.4

19.9

20.2

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9

20

375
572

141.6
9
51.28 517.9
261.8

23.4
7

9.1

572
777

261.8
1292.
126.7
293.6
3

17

13.4
5

35.4

6.4

24.3
9
TNG

8.8

777 293.6
106.6 223.8
818.8 390.3
390.3
818.8
544.9
333.7 170.3
883.4
6
8
3230.
7

 Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 1.88x3230.7 =6073.7 kN

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.
A

d
4

60
=
4

= 2827 cm2 =0.2827 m2 Din tch tit din

ngang mi cc kN/m2.
qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.
'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.

c = 8.8 kN/m2
'
vp = 883.4 kN/m2
dp = 0.6 m cnh tit din mi cc.
= n = 10.6 kN/m3.
T = 24.65 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =18.84; Nq =10.29; N =10.37.
qp = 8.8x18.84 +883.4x10.29 + 10.6x0.6x10.37=9322 kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=9322 x 0.2826

=2634 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
6073.7 2634
+
2
Qa = FS s + FS p
=
1.75
2.5

= 4524.3 kN.

d. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qvl

1
a

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Q

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

= 2041 kN

= 2076 kN
= 4524.3 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

Qtk

Qvl

= 2041 kN.

2. Cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 800 su 28m.

Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B25 c Rb = 14.5 MPa; Rbt = 10.5 MPa;
4
27x 10

(=

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

cm2

Eb =

28.154
802 x /4

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 1416 c A = 28.154

s

=0.56%)

Chn chiu su t y i l

= 1.5m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu( Tnh ton theo TCXD 195

1997 ).
Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu lm cc c xc nh theo cng
thc: (Tham kho mc 4 TCXD 195-1997 thit k cc khoan nhi)
Qvl = ( Ru A b + Ran A a ).
Trong

R
Ru : Cng tnh ton ca b tng cc nhi Ru = 4.5

; nhng

khng ln
hn 60 daN/cm2 trong trng hp cc b tng di nc hoc
trong dung dch st.
Vi mc thit k ca btng R =350 daN/cm2
Ru = 350/4.5 =77.77 daN/cm2 > 60 daN/cm2.
Ru

Chn

Ab =

Ran

= 60 daN/cm2..= 6000kN/m2.
d2
4

802
=
4

= 5026 cm2 =0.5026 m2.

Cng tnh ton cho php ca ct thp, khi thp nh hn

28 mm th

Ran

Rc
= 1.5

nhng khng ln hn 2200 daN/cm2.

Vi Rc = 2800 daN/cm2: gii hn chy ca ct thp ( ct thp nhm

AII )
Rc
2800
Ran = 1.5 = 1.5
= 1866.67 daN/cm2 = 186667 kN/m2.

Qvl

Aa

2
= 28.15 c m

2
= 0.002815 m .

= ( Ru A b + Ran A a ) = 6000x0.5026 + 186667x0.002815 = 3451 kN.

b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD

205-1998 ):
Qtc
Qa =
K tc

K tc

= h s tin cy ly bng 1.4 theo tiu chun.

Qa

- sc chu ti ca t nn.

Qtc

sc chu ti tiu chun tnh theo t nn ca cc n.

Qtc = m( mR q p A p +

u m f f si l i )

Trong : m = 1 h s lm vic ca cc trong t.

mR = 0.924 H cc bng phng php p vo ct pha c
0.38
0.924

IL =

(0 0.5) => ni suy bng A.3 TCXD 205 1998 ta c

qp

= sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 48m, tnh theo A.8

TCXD 195 1997 :

q p = 0.75x( ' I d p A ok + I L Bok
Trong :
I
= 10.6 kN/m3 - Tr tnh ton ca trng lng th tch t pha
di mi cc.

'I

- Tr tnh ton trung bnh ca trng lng th tch t pha trn

mi cc

'I

i hi
hi

0.3 x 14.6+12.5 x 4.8+ 9.6 x 10.1+10.1 x 10+10.2 x 10.6+2.1 x 10.1+3.2 x 10.6

0.3+12.5+ 9.6+10.1+10.2+ 2.1+ 3.2

dp
o
k

=8.87 kN/m3.

= 0.8m ng knh mi cc.

A , B ok , ,

cc h s khng th nguyn tra trong bng A.6

TCXD 205 1998 ph thuc vo gc ma st v

Lc
d

48
0.8

=60
o
o
=0.51; = 0.31; A k =11.79 ; B k =22.91 .
Vy

q p = 0.75x0.31(8.87x0.8x11.79 + 0.51x10.6x48x22.91)

=1402 kN/m2
2
2
80
Ap = d
=
4
4

ngang ca cc.
u = xd= 3.14x0.8 =2.512 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

= 5026 cm2 =0.5026 m2: din tch tit din

Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn

thn cc:

Lp t

1
21
22
23
24

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47

(m)
11.3
2
2
2
2

(m)
7.15
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8

mfi

0
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906

f si

mfi f si l i

(KN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0
55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16

0
30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2

25
31
32
33
34
35
36
41
42
43
44
45
46
51
52
61
62

0.47
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.3
0.3
0.38
0.38

1.6
2
2
2
2
1.1
1
2
2
2
2
1.2
1
1.1
1
2
1.2

21.6
23.4
25.4
27.4
29.4
30.95
32
33.5
35.5
37.5
39.5
41.1
42.2
43.25
44.3
45.8
47.4
TNG

0.906
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.94
0.94
0.924
0.924

34
25.7
26.1
26.7
27.4
28.1
2.9
52
52
52
52
52
52
7
7
54
54

49.29
46.26
46.98
48.06
49.32
27.82
26.1
95.89
95.89
95.89
95.89
57.53
47.94
72.38
65.8
99.79
99.79
1351.4
8

Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si l i ) = 1(0.924x1402x0.5026 +
2.512x1351.48) =4046kN.
Sc chu ti tnh ton :

1
a

Qtc
k tc

4046
1.4

= 2890 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ):
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:
Qs=u

f si li

u = xd= 3.14x0.8 =2.152 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

ai
= c ai + ' hi tan

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

' hi

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc ( KN/m2) :
' vi

'
hi

'
vi

k si

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

k si = 1 - sin i

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m -> -12.8m

'
v 1.5m
'
v 12.8m
'
h1.5 m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2
= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
=

'
v 1.5 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.

'
h12.8 m

'
v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

'

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'
v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
115.32+ 141.69
2

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->

-32.5m.

'
v 32.5m

= 375 + 19.5x10.1 = 572 kN/m2.

h32.5 m

'

'
v 32.5m

=261.8 kN/m2

12.35+115.32
2

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->

-22.4m.

(0.19+0.233log I p

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
141.69+261.8
2

= 572(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 51.28 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 4 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -32.5m ->

-42.7m.

'
v 42.7 m

= 572 + 20.1x10.2 = 777 kN/m2.

h 42.7 m

'

'
v 42.7 m

=293.6 kN/m2

f s 4 = 0.7x9.1 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
261.8+ 293.6
2

= 777(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan23.47 = 126.9 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 5 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -42.7m ->

-44.8m.

'
v 44.8 m

= 777 + 19.9x2.1 = 818.8 kN/m2.

h 44.8 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 44.8 m

=390.3kN/m2

'

tan13.45 = 106.6 kN/m2.

v 48 m

= 818.8 + 20.2x3.2 =883.4 kN/m2.

h 48m

'

'
v 48 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

333.78kN/m2

= 818.8(0.19+0.233log17)

Tnh ton cho lp t 6 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -44.8m -> -48m.

L
p

293.6+ 390.3
2

f s 5 = 0.7x35.4 +

390.3+333.78
2

f s 6 = 0.7x8.8 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.6
22.
4
22.
4
10.
32.
1
5
32.
5
10.
42.
2
7
42.
7
2.1
44.
8
44.
8
3.2
48

kN/
m3

Ip
%

= 883.4(0.19+0.233log6.4) =

tan24.39 = 170.3 kN/m2.

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20.1

6.4

19.9

20.2

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9

20

375
572

141.6
9
51.28 517.9
261.8

23.4
7

9.1

572
777

261.8
1292.
126.7
293.6
3

17

13.4
5

35.4

6.4

24.3
9
TNG

8.8

777 293.6
106.6 223.8
818.8 390.3
390.3
818.8
544.9
333.7 170.3
883.4
6
8
3230.
7

 Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 2.512x3230.7 =8115.5 kN

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.
A

d
4

80
=
4

= 5026 cm2 =0.5026 m2 Din tch tit din

ngang mi cc kN/m2.
qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.
'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.

c = 8.8 kN/m2
'
vp = 883.4 kN/m2
dp = 0.8 m cnh tit din mi cc.
= n = 10.6 kN/m3.
T = 24.65 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =18.84; Nq =10.29; N =10.37.
qp = 8.8x18.84 + 883.4x10.29 + 10.6x0.8x10.37=9344 kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=9344 x 0.5026

=4696.3 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
8115.5 4696.3
+
Qa2 = FS s + FS p
=
1.75
2.5

= 6516 kN.

d. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qvl

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Qa

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

= 3451 kN

= 2890 kN
= 6516 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

Qtk

Q1a

= 2890 kN.

3. Cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1000 su 28m.

Chn s b vt liu:
Chn b tng : B25 c Rb = 14.5 MPa; Rbt = 10.5 MPa;
4
27x 10

(=

MPa.

Ct thp doc loi AII c :

cm2

Eb =

35.56
100 2 x / 4

Rs = 280 MPa. Chn 1418 c A = 35.56

s

= 0.45%)

Chn chiu su t y i l

= 1.5m.

a. Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu( Tnh ton theo TCXD 195

1997 ).
Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu lm cc c xc nh theo cng
thc: (Tham kho mc 4 TCXD 195-1997 thit k cc khoan nhi)
Qvl = ( Ru A b + Ran A a ).
Trong

R
Ru : Cng tnh ton ca b tng cc nhi Ru = 4.5

; nhng

khng ln
hn 60 daN/cm2 trong trng hp cc b tng di nc hoc
trong dung dch st.
Vi mc thit k ca btng R =350 daN/cm2
Ru = 350/4.5 =77.77 daN/cm2 > 60 daN/cm2.
Ru

Chn

Ab =

Ran

= 60 daN/cm2..= 6000kN/m2.
d2
4

1002
=
4

= 7854 cm2 =0.7854 m2.

Cng tnh ton cho php ca ct thp, khi thp nh hn

28 mm th

Ran

Rc
= 1.5

nhng khng ln hn 2200 daN/cm2.

Vi Rc = 2800 daN/cm2: gii hn chy ca ct thp ( ct thp nhm

AII )
Rc
2800
Ran = 1.5 = 1.5
= 1866.67 daN/cm2 = 186667 kN/m2.

Qvl

Aa

2
= 35.56 c m

2
= 0.003556 m .

= ( Ru A b + Ran A a ) = 6000x0.7854 + 186667x0.003556 = 5376 kN.

b. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l ca t nn (theo ph lc A TCXD

205-1998 ):
Qtc
Qa =
K tc

K tc

= h s tin cy ly bng 1.4 theo tiu chun.

Qa

- sc chu ti ca t nn.

Qtc

sc chu ti tiu chun tnh theo t nn ca cc n.

Qtc = m( mR q p A p +

u m f f si l i )

Trong : m = 1 h s lm vic ca cc trong t.

mR = 0.924 H cc bng phng php p vo ct pha c
0.38
0.924

IL =

(0 0.5) => ni suy bng A.3 TCXD 205 1998 ta c

qp

= sc chng ca t mi cc su z = 48m, tnh theo A.8

TCXD 195 1997 :

q p = 0.75x( ' I d p A ok + I L Bok
Trong :
I
= 10.6 kN/m3 - Tr tnh ton ca trng lng th tch t pha
di mi cc.

'I

- Tr tnh ton trung bnh ca trng lng th tch t pha trn

mi cc

'I

i hi
hi

0.3 x 14.6+12.5 x 4.8+ 9.6 x 10.1+10.1 x 10+10.2 x 10.6+2.1 x 10.1+3.2 x 10.6

0.3+12.5+ 9.6+10.1+10.2+ 2.1+ 3.2

dp

=8.87 kN/m3.

= 1m ng knh mi cc.

o
k

A , B ok , ,

cc h s khng th nguyn tra trong bng A.6

TCXD 205 1998 ph thuc vo gc ma st v

Lc
d

48
0.8

=60
o
o
=0.51; = 0.31; A k =11.79 ; B k =22.91 .
Vy

q p = 0.75x0.31(8.87x1x11.79 + 0.51x10.6x48x22.91) =1462

kN/m2
.

Ap

d2
4

1002
=
4

= 7854 cm2 =0.7854 m2: din tch tit

din ngang ca cc.

u = xd= 3.14x1 =3.14 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.
Chia lp t thnh cc lp c phn t 2m tnh ma st dc bn
thn cc:

Lp t

1
21
22
23
24

I s /
cht

Chiu
dy l i

su
zi

1.18
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47

(m)
11.3
2
2
2
2

(m)
7.15
13.8
15.8
17.8
19.8

mfi

0
0.906
0.906
0.906
0.906

f si

mfi f si l i

(KN/m2)

(KN/m
)
0
55.27
56.9
58.53
60.16

0
30.5
31.4
32.3
33.2

25
31
32
33
34
35
36
41
42
43
44
45
46
51
52
63
64
65

0.47
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.3
0.3
0.38
0.38
0.38

1.6
2
2
2
2
1.1
1
2
2
2
2
1.2
1
1.1
1
2
2
0.7

21.6
23.4
25.4
27.4
29.4
30.95
32
33.5
35.5
37.5
39.5
41.1
42.2
43.25
44.3
45.8
47.8
49.15
TNG

0.906
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.94
0.94
0.924
0.924
0.924

34
25.7
26.1
26.7
27.4
28.1
2.9
52
52
52
52
52
52
7
7
54
54
54

49.29
46.26
46.98
48.06
49.32
27.82
26.1
95.89
95.89
95.89
95.89
57.53
47.94
72.38
65.8
99.79
99.79
34.93
1386.4
1

Qtc = m( mR q p A p + u mf f si li ) = 1(0.924x1462x0.7854 +
3.14x1386.41) =5414 kN.
Sc chu ti tnh ton :

1
a

Qtc
k tc

5414
1.4

= 3867 kN.

c. Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng t nn (Ph lc B TCXD 205

1998 ):
Q
Q
Q a= s + p
FSs FS p

Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn:
Qs=u

f si li

u = xd= 3.14x1 =3.14 m chu vi tit din ngang ca cc.

li Chiu dy lp t th i cc i qua.
f si - ma st n v gia t v thnh cc. KN/m2
f si

c ai

ai

ai
= c ai + ' hi tan

Trong :

c ai = 0.7c
i.
- Gc ma st gia cc v lp t th i ; ai = i .

lc dnh gia cc v t(kN/m2) ;

' hi

- ng sut hu hiu gia lp t th i theo phng vung gc

vi mt bn cc ( KN/m2) :
' vi

'
hi

'
vi

k si

ng sut hu hiu gia lp th i theo phng thng ng ;

k si = 1 - sin i

h s p lc ngang ca t : +t ri :
k si = 0.19+0.233log I p
-

k si -

; +t dnh :

Tnh ton cho lp t 1 - t y i n y lp 1 : -1.5m -> -12.8m

'
v 1.5m
'
v 12.8m
'
h1.5 m

= 14.6x1.5=21.9 kN/m2
= 14.6x12.8=186.9 kN/m2.
=

'
v 1.5 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

)=21.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

=12.35kN/m2.

'
h12.8 m

'
v 12.8m

=115.32kN/m2

f s 1 = 0.7x5.7 +

'

tan3.39 = 7.77 kN/m2.

v 22.4 m

= 186.9 + 19.6x9.6=375 kN/m2.

h22.4 m

'

'
v 22.4 m

=141.69 kN/m2

f s 2 = 0.7x9 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
115.32+ 141.69
2

= 375(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan22.2 = 58.74 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 3 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -22.4m ->

-32.5m.

'
v 32.5m

= 375 + 19.5x10.1 = 572 kN/m2.

h32.5 m

'

'
v 32.5m

=261.8 kN/m2

12.35+115.32
2

)=186.9(0.19+0.233log40.3)

Tnh ton cho lp t 2 t y lp 1 n y lp 2 : -12.8m ->

-22.4m.

(0.19+0.233log I p

f s 3 = 0.7x20 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
141.69+261.8
2

= 572(0.19+0.233log14.1)

tan10.47 = 51.28 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 4 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -32.5m ->

-42.7m.

'
v 42.7 m

= 572 + 20.1x10.2 = 777 kN/m2.

h 42.7 m

'

'
v 42.7 m

=293.6 kN/m2

f s 4 = 0.7x9.1 +

(0.19+0.233log I p
261.8+ 293.6
2

= 777(0.19+0.233log6.4)

tan23.47 = 126.9 kN/m2.

Tnh ton cho lp t 5 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -42.7m ->

-44.8m.

'
v 44.8 m

= 777 + 19.9x2.1 = 818.8 kN/m2.

h 44.8 m

'

'

(0.19+0.233log I p

v 44.8 m

=390.3kN/m2

'

tan13.45 = 106.6 kN/m2.

v 48 m

= 818.8 + 20.2x3.2 =883.4 kN/m2.

h 48m

'

'
v 48 m

(0.19+0.233log I p

333.78kN/m2

= 818.8(0.19+0.233log17)

Tnh ton cho lp t 6 t y lp 2 n mi cc : -44.8m -> -48m.

L
p

293.6+ 390.3
2

f s 5 = 0.7x35.4 +

390.3+333.78
2

f s 6 = 0.7x8.8 +

s
li
u
(m
(m
)
)
1.5
11.
12.
3
8
12.
8
9.6
22.
4
22.
4
10.
32.
1
5
32.
5
10.
42.
2
7
42.
7
2.1
44.
8
44.
8
3.2
48

kN/
m3

Ip
%

= 883.4(0.19+0.233log6.4) =

tan24.39 = 170.3 kN/m2.

C
kN/
m2

14.6

40.
3

3.39

5.7

19.6

6.4

22.2

19.5

14.
1

10.4
7

20.1

6.4

19.9

20.2

'

'
v

fs

f s li

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

kN/
m2

kN/m
2

12.35
21.9
115.3 7.77
87.8
186.9
2
115.3
186.9
2
58.74 563.9
375 141.6
9

20

375
572

141.6
9
51.28 517.9
261.8

23.4
7

9.1

572
777

261.8
1292.
126.7
293.6
3

17

13.4
5

35.4

6.4

24.3
9
TNG

8.8

777 293.6
106.6 223.8
818.8 390.3
390.3
818.8
544.9
333.7 170.3
883.4
6
8
3230.
7

 Sc chu ti cc hn do ma st bn :
Qs=u
f si li = 3.14x3230.7 =10144.4 kN

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi cc:

Q p= A q
p p.
A

d
4

100
=
4

= 7854 cm2 =0.7854 m2 Din tch tit din

ngang mi cc kN/m2.
qp - cng chu ti ca t di mi cc.
'
qp = cNc + vp Nq + dpN.

c = 8.8 kN/m2
'
vp = 883.4 kN/m2
dp = 1 m cnh tit din mi cc.
= n = 10.6 kN/m3.
T = 24.65 tra bng versic trong sch c hc t v phn ta c
Nc =18.84; Nq =10.29; N =10.37.
qp = 8.8x18.84 + 883.4x10.29 + 10.6x1x10.37= 9366kN/m2

Sc chu ti cc hn do sc chng mi :
Q p=9366 x 0.7854

=7356 kN

Sc chu ti tnh ton ca cc :

Qs
Qp
10144.4 7356
+
Qa2 = FS s + FS p
=
1.75
2.5

= 8739 kN.

d. Tng hp sc chu ti :

Sc chu ti theo vt liu lm cc : Qvl

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu c l : Qa

2
Sc chu ti theo ch tiu cng : Q a

= 5376 kN

= 3867 kN
= 8739 kN

Chn sc chu ti thit k l gi tr nh nht

III.

Qtk

Q1a

= 3867 kN.

Tng hp sc chu ti:

Cc

Tit
din/D
250x250
300x300

Sc chu ti theo ch tiu

Th
Cng
C l
nghi
Vt liu

t nn
kN
t nn m SPT
kN
kN
kN
557
300
472
241
744
373
796
316

SCT
Thit
k
kN
241
316

Khoan
nhi

350x350
600
800
1000

964
2041
3451
5376

451
2076
2890
3867

814
4524
6566
8739

401
/
/
/

401
2041
2890
3867