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Gregg Reference Manual
Gregg Reference Manual
Punctuaton:
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CONTENTS
PART 1. Grammar, Usage, and Style
SECTION 1. Punctuation: Major Marks
SECTION 2. Punctuation: Other Marks
SECTION 3. Capitalization
SECTION 4. Numbers
SECTION 5. Abbreviations
SECTION 6. Plurals and Possessives
SECTION 7. Spelling
SECTION 8. Compound Words
SECTION 9. Word Division
SECTION 10. Grammar
SECTION 11. Usage
Really? Unbelievable!
Indeed. So much for that.
Governmental units:
the House of Representatives
But: the federal government
the Vermont State Board of Education
But: the state of Vermont
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CAPITALIZATION—PROPER NOUNS
Places:
the Holiday Inn Bath, Maine
Lake Champlain O’Hare Airport
Things:
the Statue of Liberty Kleenex
Gone With the Wind an Oscar
Events:
World War II the Middle Ages
the Holocaust the Renaissance
Personal titles:
Mr. Arnst Ms. La Voix
Executive titles:
President Roy Fox
Professional titles:
Dr. Cheng Professor Romero
Governmental titles:
Governor Foy Senator Cohen
National officials:
the President the Vice President
State officials:
the Governor the Lieutenant Governor
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CAPITALIZATION—TITLES
¶313b. Always capitalize the titles of
high-ranking officials and dignitaries,
even when they follow a person’s name or
are used in place of a person’s name.
Foreign dignitaries:
the Queen the Prime Minister
International figures:
the Pope the Secretary General
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CAPITALIZATION—TITLES
Ordinal numbers:
my twenty-fifth birthday
Fractions:
over one-third of the callers
from $4.95 to $9
$5,000,000 Or: $5 million
10 cents But: not worth two cents
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NUMBERS—FIGURE STYLE
M. A. Devine F. E. Hollings
W. E. B. Du Bois B. J. Malone
JFK FDR
hang-ups get-togethers
go-betweens run-throughs
oz ft in lb km mL
p. → pp. l. → ll. ¶ → ¶¶
forBIDden beGINning
ocCURred reGRETtable
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SPELLING
storage managing
hopeful management
happiness heavier
defiant fiftieth
BUT: countrywide shyly
analyze paralyze
supersede
to air-condition to download
to double-click to highlight
to spot-check to proofread
. . . these points:
(1) All cards should . . .
NOT: . . . these points: (1)
All cards should . . .
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WORD DIVISION
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
ask asked asked asking
confirm confirmed confirmed confirming
need needed needed needing
reveal revealed revealed revealing
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
maintain maintained maintained maintaining
taxi taxied taxied taxiing
plan planned planned planning
ship shipped shipped shipping
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
occur occurred occurred occurring
compel compelled compelled compelling
offer offered offered offering
travel traveled traveled traveling
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
receive received received receiving
agree agreed agreed agreeing
die died died dying
tie tied tied tying
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
carry carried carried carrying
hurry hurried hurried hurrying
obey obeyed obeyed obeying
annoy annoyed annoyed annoying
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
am, is, are was, were been being
become became become becoming
begin began begun beginning
break broke broken breaking
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
bring brought brought bringing
buy bought bought buying
catch caught caught catching
choose chose chosen choosing
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
come came come coming
do drew drawn drawing
draw did done doing
drink drank drunk drinking
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
drive drove driven driving
eat ate eaten eating
fall fell fallen falling
feel felt felt feeling
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
find found found finding
fly flew flown flying
forget forgot forgotten forgetting
forgive forgave forgiven forgiving
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
get got got OR gotten getting
give gave given giving
go went gone going
grow grew grown growing
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
hear heard heard hearing
hold held held holding
keep kept kept keeping
know knew known knowing
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
lay (place) laid laid laying
lie (recline) lay lain lying
lie (fib) lied lied lying
lead led led leading
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
lend lent lent lending
lose lost lost losing
make made made making
mean meant meant meaning
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
pay paid paid paying
ring rang rung ringing
rise rose risen rising
run ran run running
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
say said said saying
see saw seen seeing
sell sold sold selling
send sent sent sending
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
set set set setting
shake shook shaken shaking
shrink shrank shrunk shrinking
sing sang sung singing
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
sit sat sat sitting
speak spoke spoken speaking
swim swam swum swimming
swing swung swung swinging
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
take took taken taking
teach taught taught teaching
tell told told telling
think thought thought thinking
PAST PRESENT
PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
throw threw thrown throwing
understand understood understood understanding
wear wore worn wearing
write wrote written writing
Ted and she did a fine job. (NOT: Ted and her.)
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PERSONAL PRONOUNS
POSSESSIVES CONTRACTIONS
its it’s (it is OR it has)
POSSESSIVES CONTRACTIONS
your you’re (you are)
Your approach You’re (You are)
makes sense. approaching the
problem wisely.
POSSESSIVES CONTRACTIONS
their they’re (they are)
OR: there’re (there are)
What do you think They’re (They are)
of their plan? planning to close.
POSSESSIVES CONTRACTIONS
theirs there’s (there is
OR there has)
Theirs is the car There’s (There has) been
I like best. a change in Ben.
I seem to be unlucky.
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ADVERBS
An adverb is an expression that answers
questions like when, where, why, in
what manner, and to what extent.
ADJECTIVE
Positive: thin
Comparative: thinner
Superlative: thinnest
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ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
ADVERB ADJECTIVE
Positive: soon good
Comparative: sooner better
Superlative: soonest best
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ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES ADVERBS
happy famous early often
happier more famous earlier less often
happiest most famous earliest least often
ADJECTIVES ADVERBS
competent carefully
less competent more carefully
least competent most carefully
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ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
¶1101. a lot–alot
Thanks a lot.
(NOT: Thanks alot.)
¶1101. a–of
¶1101. affect–effect
¶1101. amount–number
¶1101. between–among
¶1101. farther–further
¶1101. fewer–less
¶1101. of—have
¶1101. supposed to
¶1101. used to