THO LUN: S DNG CC

PHNG PHP TRCH CHN C

TRNG NH S, PHN LOI T
NG CHN ON MT S
BNH CA LN

Bo co vin:

Th Nhm

NI DUNG
Gii thiu chung
Ni dung nghin cu
Kt qu t c
Kt lun

GII THIU CHUNG

Chn nui l ngnh c vai tr rt quan trng trong
pht trin kinh t nng nghip, nng thn, cng nh
nn kinh t ni chung.
Chn nui hin nay nc ta ang ngy cng
c ch trng pht trin (c bit l ngnh chn
nui ln) v tng bc thu c nhiu thnh
tu ng k.
Tuy nhin vn dch bnh vn thng xuyn xy
ra gy ra rt nhiu tn tht to ln.
Vic chn on ng bnh c cc bin php
phng trnh v iu tr kp thi l vic lm ht sc
cn thit.

GII THIU CHUNG

Mun vy ngi chn nui khng th ch da vo
kinh nghim bn thn m cn cn mt i ng
chuyn mn h tr giu kinh nghim.
Tuy nhin nc ta hin nay vn cn thiu cc i
ng chuyn mn ny.
Cn mt gii php thch hp???
X-mi-na ny s trnh by v cc phng php x
l nh s v phng php phn loi nh t ng,
t ng dng xy dng c s d liu nh v
chng trnh my tnh gip chn on mt s bnh
trong lnh vc chn nui ln.

GII THIU CHUNG

M hnh bi ton pht hin bnh ln qua hnh

nh bng s dng phng php phn loi hnh nh
D liu nh
hun luyn

D liu nh
cn phn
loi

My
hc
Trch chn
c trng
Phn
loi

Kt qu
phn loi

NI DUNG NGHIN CU

Phng php trch chn c trng nh

Phn b c trng bin (Edge Histogram Descriptor)

Tng quan mu sc (Color Correlograms)
c trng kt cu s dng b lc Gabor (Gabor
Wavelets)
Sift (Scale Invariant feature transform).

Phng php phn lp SVM (Support Vector

Machine)

PHN B C TRNG BIN (EDGE

HISTOGRAM DESCRIPTOR) (1)
Phn b c trng bin l mt c trng th hin
c bin ca cc i tng trong nh.
C 5 loi bin c nh ngha: dc, ngang, gc 45
, 135 , v v hng c s dng tnh cc
phn b c trng bin.

Phn b c trng bin c chia lm 4 loi:

Phn b c trng bin cc b
Phn b c trng bin ton cc
Phn b c trng bin bn ton cc
Phn b c trng bin c kt hp t ba loi trn

PHN B C TRNG BIN (EDGE

HISTOGRAM DESCRIPTOR) (2)

Cch tnh phn b c trng bin cc b

Chia nh thnh 16 vng
Vi mi vng ca nh
Chia vng thnh cc khi khng tch ri nhau.
Vi mi khi p dng b lc nh ngha trc cho 5 loi bin.
Cp nht phn b theo kt qu ca b lc

Thu

c 1 histogram cc b vi 16 x 5= 80 bin

PHN B C TRNG BIN (EDGE HISTOGRAM

DESCRIPTOR) (3)

c trng bin ton cc c tnh nh sau:

c trng bin bn ton cc c tnh nh sau:

Ta tnh phn b 5 bin c trng cho ton nh c 1

histogram vi 5 bin ng vi 5 loi bin

Ta chia nh ra thnh 13 cm
Tnh phn b 5 loi bin cho mi cm trn cui cng ta
s c 1 Histogram vi 65 (13x5) bin

Phn b c trng bin c kt hp t ba loi trn

l 150 bin (80bin cc b + 5 bin ton cc +65 bin bn
ton cc)

TNG QUAN MU SC (COLOR

CORRELOGRAMS) (1)
C c tnh ni bt l: khng ch m t phn phi mu
ca cc im nh m cn th hin c mi quan h v
khng gian gia cc cp mu theo khong cch.
Cch tnh:
Ta t I l nh c kch thc n x n, trong nh ny c m
mu k hiu l c1, c2,, cm.
Vi mi pixel p =(x,y) thuc I, gi I(p) l mu ca pixel p.
Ta nh ngha khong cch p1 vi p2 nh sau:
|p1-p2|=max(|x1-x2|, |y1-y2|).

TNG QUAN MU SC (COLOR

CORRELOGRAMS) (2)

Vi mi khng cch d [1,n] ta tnh c

correlogram ca nh I nh sau

Vi i,j [m], k [d].

()

Vi mi pixel c mu ci trong nh I, , l xc sut

tm thy mt pixel c mu cj cch pixel ban u mt
khong cch bng k.

TNG QUAN MU SC (COLOR

CORRELOGRAMS) (3)
gim chi ph tnh ton v s chiu ca vector
c trng ta ch tnh tng quan cho cc cp mu
ging nhau.
Bo co ny chn 64 bin mu v khong cch
d={1,3,5,7} ta s thu c vector c trng vi
64x4 =256 chiu.

TNG QUAN MU SC (COLOR

CORRELOGRAMS) (4)

Hai nh khc nhau nhng c histogram mu ton cc gn nh ging nhau

Vn vi 2 nh trn ta s dng phng php tng quan mu sc

thu c hai vector c trng khc nhau.

C TRNG KT CU S DNG B LC
GABOR (GABOR WAVELETS) (1)
Trong x l nh, b lc Gabor l mt b lc tuyn
tnh thng c s dng pht hin bin, phn
vng nh, phn tch c trng nh, phn lp nh.
Hm sng con Gabor trong min khng gian c
dng nh sau:

1
1 2 2
, =

+ 2 + 2
2
2
2

Vi v l cc lch chun ca phn b

Gaussian theo hng x v y

C TRNG KT CU S DNG B LC
GABOR (GABOR WAVELETS) (2)
Sau mt tp cc lc Gabor c th thu c bi
cc t l v hng quay thch hp ca g(x,y)

gmn(x,y)= a-mg(x,y)

x=a-m(-xcos +ysin)

y= a-m(-xsin +ycos)
Trong : =n/K, n=0,1,K-1 v m=0,1,S-1, K
l s hng quay, S l t l co gin.

C TRNG KT CU S DNG B LC
GABOR (GABOR WAVELETS) (3)

Biu din dng nh ca b lc Gabor vi 4 t l co

gin v 6 hng quay

C TRNG KT CU S DNG B LC
GABOR (GABOR WAVELETS) (4)
Cch tnh c trng nh sau:
Gi nh l I(x,y), bin i sng Gabor ca nh s
c dng

, =

, 1 , 1 1 1

Cc gi tr k vng v lch chun ca php bin

i trn chnh l cc thnh phn ca vector c
trng cn tm.
Vd: Nu ta s dng 4 t l S=4 v 6 hng quay
K=6 th ra thu c vector c trng 48 chiu

= 00 00 01 35 35

C TRNG KT CU S DNG B LC
GABOR (GABOR WAVELETS) (5)

nh gc ban
u

nh thu c sau khi s dng b lc Gabor

SIFT (SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE

TRANSFORM) (1)
SIFT do David Lowe a ra t nm 2004 l phng
php tm cc im c trng bt bin cc b.
Tp cc im c bit thu c thng ph thuc rt
t vo cc php bin i c bn nh xoay, phng to,
thu nh, tng gim cng sng.
Gii thut gm 4 giai on

D tm cc tr trong khng gian o

Lc v trch xut cc im c bit
Gn hng cho cc im c trng
B m t im c trng

SIFT (SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE

TRANSFORM) (2)

D tm cc tr trong khng gian o

SIFT (SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE

TRANSFORM) (3)

Lc v trch xut cc im c bit

T

nhng im tim nng trn s lc v ly ra tp cc

im c trng tt nht (keypoints).

Gn hng cho cc im c trng

Mi

im c trng s c gn cho mt hoc nhiu

hng da trn hng gradient ca nh.

B m t im c trng

Vect SIFT c xy
dng xung quanh im
c trng. Mi vect
m t l mt ma trn
4x4 cc t chc . Mi
t chc c 8 hng.
Do mi vect SIFT
c 4x4x8 =128 chiu.

SIFT (SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE

TRANSFORM) (4)

nh gc

im hp dn tm c

PHNG PHP PHN LP SVM

(SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) (1)
Xt bi ton phn lp n gin: phn chia thnh hai
lp vi tp m cc d liu mu nh sau:

{(x1, y1), (x2, y2),, (xm, ym)}

Trong : xi l mt vect u vo c biu din
trong khng gian Rn, yi l mt nhn lp, y {-1,1}.
Vect xi c gn nhn da vo cng thc sau :
1 < . > + 0

yi= 1 < . > + < 0

tng ca phng php SVM l s dng mt

ng thng (siu phng l) phn tch cc im
nm mt bn l dng v nm bn kia l m.

PHNG PHP PHN LP SVM

(SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) (2)

Siu phng l c dng

f(x) = <w . x> +b

Mc l (margin) l
khong cch gia hai
mt siu phng h tr
H+ (<w . x>+ b = 1)v H
(<w . x>+ b = -1)

xy dng c mt mt siu phng l ti u chnh l nhm

cc i ha mc l.
t cc i

Vi iu kin:

< . > + 1, = 1

< . > + 1, = 1

PHNG PHP PHN LP SVM

(SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) (3)

Trng hp 1: d liu kh tch tuyn tnh vic tm siu

phng tt nht tng ng vi gii bi ton ti u sau:

Cc tiu ha: < . >

2
Vi rng buc: < . > + 1 = 1. .

Trng hp 2: d liu khng kh tch tuyn tnh, c

mt s t im b nhiu, ngha l im c nhn dng
nhng li thuc v pha m ca siu phng, im c
nhn m thuc v pha dng ca siu phng

Cc tiu ha :

< . >
+
2

=1

Vi rng buc: < . > + 1 ; = 1. .

Trong i gi l cc bin li lng (slack variable) i0, hng

s C>0 xc nh chi ph chu li.

PHNG PHP PHN LP SVM

(SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) (4)

Trng hp 3: tp d liu khng th phn chia tuyn

tnh c (dng phi tuyn).

Ta chuyn i khng gian biu din u vo ban u sang

mt khng gian mi c th phn lp tuyn tnh bng cch
s dng hm nh x phi tuyn .

< . >
Cc tiu ha :
2

Vi rng buc:

=1

< . > + 1 ; = 1. .

i0

Nu bit hm nhn (Kernel function) K(x, x) = (x). (x) tnh

tch v hng (x). (x), th chng ta khng cn lm vic trc
tip vi nh x (x).

, = (< . > +) ; ,
Kernel a thc: ,

Gaussian RBF kernel: , = exp 1

; >0

SVM CHO PHN LP A LP

Chin lc One vs ALL

Chin lc ny s xy
dng k m hnh SVM vi k
l s lng lp cn phn
loi.
M hnh th t tch lp t
(lpdng) ra khi cc lp
khc (m))

Chin lc One vs One

Cn xy dng k(k-1)/2 b
phn lp, trong mi m
hnh tch mt cp 2 lp

CI T
Phn mm ng dng (chng trnh chnh, cc gii thut
trch chn c trng nh, chun ha d liu v dng
chun cho qu trnh hun luyn v th nghim SVM)
c xy dng v ci t trn ngn ng lp trnh
Matlab.
S dng thm 2 th vin ngun m l SIFT demo
program (Version 4, July 2005) (David Lowe 2005)
dng trch chn c trng SIFT cho nh v LibSVM
(Chang and Lin (2011) thc hin phn loi nh t
ng.
S dng my tnh Intel Core i3, 2.1 GHz, 2GB RAM.

KT QU

D liu thu thp c:

nh chp t 5 loi bnh ca ln:

Bnh tai xanh (hi chng ri lon sinh sn v h hp trn ln
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - PRRS)

KT QU

Bnh l mm long mng

KT QU

Bnh ng du ln

KT QU

Bnh gh ln

KT QU

Bnh u ma ln

KT QU
Giai on trch chn c trng

Vi mi phng php trch chn c trng p dng cho 163

nh th nghim, thu c163 vector c trng.
Thi gian x l ca 4 phng php x l.
Thi gian x l ca bn phng php trch chn c trng
18

16
14

Thi gian (giy)

12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

Kch thc nh (byte)

Color correlogram

EHD

SIFT

GABOR

60000

70000

KT QU

Giai on phn loi t ng bng SVM

Kt qu phn loi i vi tng phng php trch chn c trng

(s dng 26 nh chp test th)

Tn Phng php

chnh xc (%)

EHD

69.2308

Gabor

84.6154

Color Correlogram

73.0769

SIFT

53.8462

NHN XT

Qua qu trnh th nghim, tc gi nhn thy:

Kt qu phn lp trn tp d liu hun luyn c trch chn

t phng php Garbor em li hiu qu cao nht v d liu
nh th nghim l cc nh bnh ln c biu hin trn
da, do phng php gabor hiu qu hn trong vic pht
hin cc ng vn ca nh (l cc vt , nt trn,
vung, hoc cc nt l lot trn da, li, mng ca ln)
Trong thc nghim ny phng php Sift l phng php c
hiu qu thp nht, c th l do tp nh hun luyn phn ln
cha c tch nn, nn cc im c trng m sift tm
c trn phn nn ca nh l rt nhiu dn n hiu qu
phn lp b nh hng

V D

KT LUN

X-mi-na gii thiu tng quan cc phng php x l nh s nh:

Phn b c trng bin (Edge Histogram Descriptor)
Tng quan mu sc (Color Correlograms)
c trng kt cu s dng b lc Gabor (Gabor Wavelets)
Sift (Scale Invariant feature transform)
Gii thiu tng quan phng php phn loi nh s t ng SVM
(Support Vector Machine)
Ci t thnh cng gii thut ca cc phng php trn, kt qu thu
c khi phn loi chn on bnh ln mc c th chp nhn
c.
Hn ch:
B d liu hun luyn u l cc nh chp c thu thp t cc
trang tri, chung nui ln v th c th gp phi cc vn v
mu sc.
nh cha c tch nn
nh chp khng cng mt v tr ca con ln, nhiu nh ch th
hin mt b phn ca con ln nh chn, ming, li, mt mng
da
Vic trch chn c trng cha pht huy ht c hiu qu, t lm
nh hng rt ln n kt qu phn loi

DEMO

CHNG TRNH

 Xin

chn thnh cm n qu thy c

ch lng nghe!