z

khj ,jo;> nghOJ – 17

ij - khrp
gpg;uthp – 201
2010 o tho;jJ
; fs;
vidiyalmagazhine.blogspot.com tkh(z)d
jdpj;Jtkh(z) dth; 02
vidiyalmagazhine@gmail.com o fUj;J kly;; 02
o tiy cyh
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o E}y; mwpKfk;
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jkpo;jJ
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jpUr;nrq;NfhL – 637 215> jkpo;ehL> ,e;jpah.
www.ksrcasthamizh.blogspot.com, www.ksrcas.net.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 1 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
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; jhopy;El;gj;Jiw.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 2 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
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tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 3 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
mwptpay; mwpQh;fshfj; Njhd;wpdh;.
tptrh aj;jpy; mjpf tpisr;ry; jUk; This book is about management and
ngUk; njhopy; EZf;fj;ij mwpe;J managers. Each chapter open with a
jq;fs; ehl;il Kd;Ndw;wg; ghijapy; column consisting of real Managers, real
people who manage People. They share
top elj;jpr; nrd;wdh;. ,JNt
their experience, the problem they face
rpijah neQ;rk;.
and how they handle difficult situations.
“ntw;wpf;F Kd;dh; Xa;ntd;gjpy;iy”
“KbahJ vd;gJ %lj;jdk;. While comparing with other
KbAkh vd;gJ mtek;gpf; ‘if’. management book, this book is simple
and easy to understanding and equally
KbAk; vd;gNj jd;dk;gpf; ‘if’.
covers most of the Management topics.
mJNt ek; if.
if.”
tho;fi
; fapd; tpijNa ek;gpf;if. With some wonderful Definitions,
mij kdj;jpNy tpijj;J> ntw;wp examples, comparison chart, quick
vd;Dk; fdpiar; Ritj;J kfpOq;fs;. Learning Reviews, Case Applications, and

Readers turn to be a Manager all of these
makes it a perfect book for a Perfect
E} y; m wp K f k;;
Management student.
MANAGEMENT - Mr. Balaji, I M.B.A.

Xth Edition

m wp tp g; G
 nghd;khiyg; nghOJ
khzhf;fh;fspd; gilg;ghw;wiy
ntspg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; thue;NjhWk;
Gjd; kw;Wk; nts;spf; fpoikfspy;
khiy 04.05 kzpKjy; 04.45 kzptiu
fy;Y}hpg; Gy;ntsp muq;fpy;
nghd;khiyg; nghOJ epfo;rr
; p
Stephen P. Robbins, Mary Coulter
eilngw;W tUfpd;wJ. ,jpy;
and midj;Jj; Jiw khzhf;fh;fSk;
Neharika Vohra. Nguhrphpah;fSk; fy;Y}hpg; gzpah
This Book on Management includes one sh;fSk; fye;J nfhs;syhk;. NkYk;
of the world’s Famous author Stephen tpguq;fSf;Fj; jkpo;jJ ; iw KJepiy
P.Robbins. He is a Professor of Management tphpTiuahsh; jpUkjp b. ru];tjp
at San Diego State University and the mth;fis mZfTk;.
World’s best selling textbook author in the
areas of both Management and

Organizational Behavior.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 4 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
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tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 5 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
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tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 6 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
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rpyg;gjpfhu ciufs; %yKk;
1. czu;rr ; pnahypfs; (Emotional Sounds)
,d;g Jd;g czu;it ntspapLk; xypfs;. njupatUfpd;wJ. gp. L. rPdpthra;au;>
2. tpspnahypfs; (Vocative Sounds) gpwiu
Nrirau;> ,uhkr;re;jpu jPlr
; pju;
tpspj;jy;> mioj;jy; Nghd;witfs;. Nghd;Nwhupd; tuyhw;W E}y;fs;
3. xg;nghypfs; (Imitative Sounds) ,U thapyhfTk;> NjtNeag; ghthzu;
jpizg; nghUSiuf;Fk; xypfs;. vOjpa ‘Kjw;jha; nkhop’
4. Fwpg;nghypfs; (Symbolic Sounds) thapyhfTk; mwpaKbfpwJ. jkpod;
tof;fg;gb fUj;Jf;fisj; njuptpf;Fk; Njhd;wpa ,lk; Fkupf;fz;lk;>
xypfs;. ifahz;l nkhop jkpo; jpuhtpl
5. tha;r; nra;ifnahypfs; thapdhw; nkhopahFk;. gy;yhapuk;
nra;Ak; nra;iffSk; nray;fSk; vd;gh;. Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd; gbg;gbahf
6. Fotp tsu;gn ; ghypfs; (Nursery Sounds) tsu;ej ; jkpOk; jkpoDk; Gfopd;
Foe;ijg; gUtj;jpdUf;Fg; nghUe;Jk; cr;rf;fl;lk; vl;baijr; Rl;bf;
xypfs;.
fhl;Lfpd;wdh;.
7. Rl;nlhypfs; (Decitive Sounds) Rl;bf;
Fkupf;fz;lKk; mjd; vy;iyfSk; yfSk
fhl;Lk; xypfs; Rl;nlhypfshFk;.
goe;jkpo; ehlhfpa Fkupf;fz;lk;
8. tpdhnthypfs; Iak;> re;Njfk; kw;Wk;
tpdhf;fis vOg;Gk; xypfs; vdg;gLk;. mstpy; kpfg; ngupjhfg;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 7 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
 NjtNeag; ghthzu; Nghd;Nwhu;
gh uh l; L f s; xUkdjhf Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;sdu;.
gj;k=’
‘gj; = ,e;jpuh ghh;jj
; rhujp NkYk; `puhl;l]; Fkupf;fz;lj;jpd;
vy;iyiaf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;.
1. njhiyNkw;fpy; – fpNuf fpNuf;f
; ehL
vfpg;J
2. Nkw;fpy; – vfpg ; kw;Wk; Mg;gpupf;fh
3. tlNkw;fpy; – njdnjd;; Mg;gpupf;fh
4. njhiy fpof;fpy; – rPd ehL
gu;k
5. fpof;fpy; – gu ; h> kNyrpah> rpq;fg;G+u;
6. njw;fpy; – ezP l ; kiyj; njhlu;
,k;kiyj; njhlu; M];jp
kj;jpa muR xt;nthU Mz;Lk;
Nuypahtpy; njhlq;fp> njd;dhg;
fiy ,yf;fpak; fy;tp mwptpay;
gpupf;fhtpy; KbtilfpwJ vd;gij
njhopy; El;gk; kUj;Jtk; Nghd;w
kdj;jpy; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. ,tw;wpd;
Jiwfspy; rpwe;J tpsq;F gth;fisj;
ikaj;jpy; mike;j kpfg; ngupa
Njh;en
; jLj;J gj;k tpG+~z;> gj;k
fz;lNk Fkupf;fz;lk; my;yJ
G+~z;> gj;k= Mfpa gj;k tpUJfis
goe;jkpo; ehL my;yJ ,y%upah
toq;fptUfpwJ. ,e;j Mz;Lf;Fhpa
fz;lkhFk;. ,f;fz;lj;ijg; gjp
gj;k tpUJfshf> MW NgUf;Fg;
dhd;F khepyq;fshf mjhtJ> VO
gj;ktpG+~z; tpUJk; 43NgUf;Fg; gj;k
njq;F ehL> VO gid ehL vdg;
G+~z; tpUJk; 81NgUf;Fg; gj;k=
gpupj;jpUe;jdu;. me;ehl;by; tho;ej ; td;
tpUJk; mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
jhd; jkpod;. mtd; ifahz;l
ehfupfk;jhd; jpuhtpl ehfupfk;.
jkpo; ehlfk; kw;Wk; ehty;
mtDila tuyhWk; ehfupfKk;
vOj;jhsh; jpU. ,e;jpuh ghh;jj
; rhujp
jhd; cyfpNyNa Kjd;ik
mth;fSf;Fg; gj;k= tpUJ
tha;ej ; J. ,tDila nkhop jkpo;>
fpilj;Js;sJ.
jkpou;fs; jkpo;ehl;bypUe;J fly;
topahfTk;> jiu khu;ff
; khfTk;
mtUf;F tpbaypd; tho;jJ
; fSk;
cynfq;Fk; nrd;W FbNaw;wq;fis
ghuhl;LfSk;.
mikj;J jkpo; nkhopiaAk; jkpo;g;
gz;ghl;ilAk; jkpo;f;
gutpapUe;jJ. M];jpNuypahitAk;
fyhr;rhuj;ijAk; ghnuq;Fk; gug;gpdu;
njd;dhg;gpupf;fhitAk; ,e;jpahit Ak;
vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;. ,jw;Fr;
,izj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j ngUk;
rhd;Wfs; gpdPrpau;fspd; ehzaq;
epyg;gug;Ng Fkupf;fz;lk; my;yJ
fspYk; fy; ntl;Lf;fspYk; cs;sd.
goe;jkpo;ehL my;yJ ,y%upahf;
Fkupf;fz;lg; goq;Fbkf;fs;
fz;lk; vd;fpwhu; `puhl;l];.
Fkupf;fz;lj;jpd; ngUk; gFjp
,f;fUj;ijg; NguwpQu;fs; Xy;Lfhk;>
ahfpa goe;jkpo; ehl;il
vf;Nfy;> fpNsw;wu;> fl;L vypal;>
tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 8 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
Ml;rpnra;jtd; jkpod;. mk;nkhopAk; ,jpy; nkhoptuyhWk; xd;W. nkhop
jkpo; nkhopNa! fly; Nfhs;fshy;> tuyhW vd;gJ nkhopapd; Njhw;wk;>
jkpodpd; GfOk; ehLk; nkhopAk; tsu;rr; p> fhyq;fs; NjhWk; Vw;gLk;
mopTw;wd. goe;jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fspy; nkhopapd; khw;wq;fs;> gpwnkhopf;
$wg;gLk; fly;Nfhs;fs; xd;wy;y> fyit> tuptbt khw;wq;fs; ,g;gbg;
,uz;ly;y> gythFk;. ehd;F Kiw gy nkhopr; nra;jpfis ekf;Fj;
Vw;gl;l ngUk; fly; Nfhs;fs; Fkupf; jUtJ nkhop tuyhW. xU
fz;lj;ij mopj;J xopj;jdh;. nkhopapd; tuyhw;iwg; gilf;f>
rhd;WfNs Kf;fpag; gq;Nfw;fpd;wd.
ehd;F ngUq; fly; Nfhs;fs; rhd;Wfspd;wpg; gilf;fg;gLk; tu
1. Kjy; rq;fk; – njd;kJiu – fly; yhWfs; tuyhWfs; my;y> mitf;
nfhz;lJ - 4000 Mz;Lfs; - 89 fijfshff; fUjg;gLfpd;wd.
murh;fs; ,Ue;jdh;. “%d;whk; Copf;Fg; gpe;jpa
fhyq;fspYs;s ee;jh;fs;> nkshpah;
2. ,uz;lhtJ – ehfed;dhL – fly; KjypNahuJ tuyhw;iw mJ
nfhz;lJ - 3700 - Mz;Lfs; - 59 $wpDk; mjid vjph;fhyj;jpy;
murh;fs; ,Ue;jdh;. itj;Jf; $Wtjhy; mg;Guhzk;
vOjj; njhlq;fpa fhyk;> mjpy;
3. %d;whtJ - ,ilr;rq;fk; – fghl epfo;fhykhf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;l
rdNkra murd; fhyk;> mjid
Guk; – fly; nfhz;lJ – 1850 – 49
ehd;fh%opj; njhlf;fk; vd;gh;.
Mz;Lfs; - 89 murh;fs; ,Ue;jdh;.
‘,e;jpu kuGiufspd; tuyhw;Wg;gFjp’
vd;W E}ypd; Mrphpah; ghh;fpl;lh’
4. ehd;fhtJ – fhtpupg;G+k;gl;bzk;–
vd;w tuyhw;wpQh; ,Nj KbTf;F
fly; nfhz;lJ. rpWfly;Nfhs;fs;
vz;zpy; mlq;fhjd. te;Js;shh;. vdNt> ‘%d;whk; Cop
,Wjp vd;gJ ,d;iwf;F 5000
tuyhw;Wr; rhd;Wfs; Mz;LfSf;F Kd;> mjhtJ fp. K.
tuyhW gytif cz;L. 3100 ,y; vd;W $Wth;.
,r;nra;jpia ];fhl; vypal; ,ny%hpahf;fz;lk; 2>00>000 Mz;L
$Wifapy;> ‘Ie;J ngUq;flw;Nfhs; fSf;F Kd; Kjy; 50>000
Mz;LfSf;F Kd; tiu ,Ue;j
Vw;gl;L KjyhtJ 10000 Mz;Lk;>
njd;Wk; 50>000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;
,uz;lhtJ 8000 Mz;Lk;> %d;whtJ
ngUk;ghYk; mope;Jtpl;ld vd;Wk;
100000 Mz;Lk;> ehd;fhtJ 8000
$Wth;.
Mz;Lk;> Ie;jhtJ 9500 Mz;Lk;
,Ue;jd’ vd ,ny%hpah my;yJ
njhy;fhg;gpak;
pak
Fkhpfz;lk; vDk; E}ypy; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
goe;jkpo; ehl;by; tho;ej
;
Fkupkhe;jdpd; fhyj;ijtplg; gy;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 9 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
yhapuk; Mz;Lfs; gpe;jpaNj njhy; M. gpd; jw;fhyj; jkpo; – Later Modern
fhg;gpak;. njhy;fhg;gpak; Njhd; wpa Tamil
fhyk; fp.K. 3Mk; E}w;whz;bw;Fk; fp.K ,. Kd;goe;jkpo; my;yJ njhy;goe;jkpo;
5Mk; E}w;whz;bw;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l - Early ancient Tamil (or) Proto Ancient
fhykhFk;. njhy;fhg;gpau; fhyj;jpw;F Tamil
ntF fhyj;jpw;F Kd;Ng jkpo; nkhop
kpfr; rpwg;Gw;wpUe;jJ. rpwg;G kpf;f jpuhtpl nkhopfs; gy cs;sd.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fs; gy ,Ue;jd. mit midj;Jk; jkpo; vd;w %y
Mdhy;> mit midj;Jk; ehd;F nkhopapypUe;J cUthditfs;.
Kiwfs; Vw;gl;l fly; Nfhs;fshy; mtw;iw ehk; “jpuhtpl nkhopf;
KO ikahf mopTw;wd. FLk;gk;” vd;W miof;fpNwhk;. gy
jkpo; nkhopapd; Njhw;wj;ijAk;
nkhopfs; cUthf %ykhf> fUthf
tuyhw;Wf; fhyj;ijAk; gy
,Ue;j nkhopapidj; njhy;jpuhtpl
gFjpfshfg; gpupj;Jf; fhl;lyhk;. mit>
nkhop my;yJ %yj;jpuhtpl nkhop
(Proto Diravidan Language)
1. goe;jkpo; - Ancient Tamil
vd;fpNwhk;.
2. ,ilf;fhyj;jkpo; - Medieval Tamil
3. jw;fhyj;jkpo; - Modern Tamil
jpuhtpl nkhopf; FLk;gk;
jpuhtpl nkhopfis %d;W
1. goe;jkpopd; cl;gpupTfs;
gpupTfshfg; gpupj;Js;sdu;.
m. Kd;goe;jkpo; – njhy;goe;jkpo; - Early
1. njd; jpuhtpl nkhopfs; – jkpo;>
ancient Tamil (or) Proto Ancient Tamil
kiyahsk;> fd;dlk;.
M. kj;jpa goe;jkpo; – Medieval Ancient
Tamil
2. eLj;jpuhtpl nkhopfs; – njYq;F>
,. gpd;goe;jkpo; – Later Ancient Tamil
Nfhz;b> $ap> $tp vdg; gyAs;sd.
3. tljpuhtpl nkhopfs; – FUf;>
2. ,ilf;fhyj; jkpo; cl;gpupTfs; khy;Njh> gpuh$ vdg; gy cs;sd.
m. Kd;,ilf;fhyj; jkpo; – Early Medieval
Tamil jkpo;nkhop
M. kj;jpa,ilf;fhyj; jkpo; – Medium jpuhtpl nkhopfspy; kpfg; goik
Mediaval Tamil tha;ej
; nkhop jkpo;. Rkhu;
,. gpd;,ilf;fhyj; jkpo; – Later Medieval Ie;jhapuk; (5000) Mz;LfSf;F
Tamil Kd;Ng ,yf;fz E}y;fisAk; gy
,yf;fpaq;fisAk; ngw;W cy
3. jw;fhyj; jkpo; cl;gpupTfs; nfq;Fk; Gfo; ngw;Wg; gut> ngUk;
m. Kd; jw;fhyj; jkpo; – Early Modern tsu;rr ; p ngw;wpUe;j xNu nkhop
Tamil jkpohFk;. jpuhtpl nkhopia Ma;T
nra;j NguwpQu;fs; gu;NuhTk;>

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 10 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
vkNdhTk; ,ize;J “jpuhtplr;
nrhw;gpwg;gpay; mfuhjp” (Diravidan f tp ij
Etymological Dictonary) vDk; mtyg; ngz;zpd; KbT
mtyg; KbT
mfuhjpia ntspapl;ldu;. jkpo; “ehd;
nkhopapd; tsu;rr
; pia mwptjw;F> vd; ngw;Nwhiug; gphpe;J>
,j;jkpo; nkhop> ,d;iwa jkpo; ehl;by; isg;
cwtpdh;fis g; gphpe;J>
ez;gh;fisg; gphpe;J>
kl;Lk; my;y md;iwa Fkupf;
ePNa fjp vd;W
fz;lkhfpa goe;jkpo; ehl;by;
cd;dplk; te;Njd;!
kl;Lky;yhky; cynfq;Fk; gutp cdf;fhf
apUe;jJ. gu;kh> kNyrpah> rpq;fg;G+u;> vd;idNa je;Njd;!;
gp[pj;J}T> ,yq;if> njd; Mg;gpupf;fh>
gpupl;b]; fahdh> klfh];fu;> fpupdplhy; eP vdf;fhf
Nghd;w cyfpd; gy gFjpfspYk; vJTk; juhkypUe;jhYk;
gutpap;ej
; pUe;jJ. guthapy;iy!
jhNa>
Mdhy;> je;jhNa>
Ml;nfhy;yp Nehahd
jkpopdk; kw;Wk; nkhopr; rpijT
va;li
; ] !
cynfq;Fk; jd;dpfuw;w Nguurdhff;
nfhbfl;bg; gwe;j jkpopdKk; mtd; ehd;
jha; nkhopahfpa jkpo; nkhopAk; cd;dpy; rhpghjp
ehd;FKiw Vw;gl;l ngUk; fly; vd;gjhy; - cd;
Nfhs;fshy; mopTw;wd. NehapYk; rhpghjpia
hNah?
vdf;Fj; je;jhNa h?
mg;ngUk; fly; Nfhs;fshy; ghtk;>
ek;; Foe;ij
ek
Fkupf;fz;lk; kl;Lky;y> cyfpd; gy
vd;d jtW nra;jJ?
ehLfs; mopTw;wd. capupdq;fs;
ehd;
khz;ld. nkhopfSk; rpijTw;wd. vij ,wf;fp itg;Ngd;?
mt;thNw Fkupf;fz;lKk; ePupy; %o;fp clypy; ,Uf;Fk; Nehiaah?
mopTw;wJ. ,e;j mopTfshy; jkpopd; my;yJ
kuG> gz;ghL> fyhr;rhuk;> jkpo; fUtpy; ,Uf;Fk; Foe;ijiaah?
,yf;fzq;fs;> ,yf;fpaq;fs; mj;
jidAk; rpije;J ehrkhfpaJ. cyfpd; itg;
,wf;fp it g;Ngd; -
G+Nfhs tbtNk khw;W tbtk; ngw;wJ. Kjypy;
vd;; capiu!”
vd
Nfh. ckhuhzp>


,sq;fiy Kjyhz;L fzpjtpay;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 11 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
 kw;wth;fs; me;j ,lj;ij tpl;L
f l; L iu ntspNawpdh;. Kd;Ndhh; fisf;
fhz;gjw;fhf mt;tg;NghJ te;J
cUt topghl;
cUt topghl;bd; Njhw;wk;
Nfh. kzpfz;lgpuG> tzq;fpAk; nrd;wdh;.
,sq;fiy ,uz;lhkhz;L ehsiltpy; Fbirapdhy; Md
fzpdp mwptpay; ‘M’ gphpT. tPL Nghd;w mikg;gpid khw;wpf;
kdpjd; Njhd;wpa fhyj;jpy; mtd;
fw;fshy; Md rkhjpfisf; fl;bdh;.
jd;idr; Rw;wpAk; jdf;Fs;Sk;
gpd;dh; ,we;j jq;fsJ
epfo;fpd;w khWjy;fs; Fwpj;j
Kd;Ndhh;fisg; Nghd;w cU
mwptpidg; ngw;wpUf;ftpy;iy.
tq;fis cUthf;fpdh;. ,tw;iw
Fwpg;ghf gpwg;G> ,wg;G gw;wp
mth;fs; jq;fs; flTs;fshf vz;zp
mtDf;Fj; njhpatpy;iy. Foe;ij
tzq;fpdh;. vfpg;jpd; gpukpLfs;
gpwg;G xt;nthU KiwAk; mtDf;Fg;
Nghd;w gy;NtW mikg;gpyhd
GjpuhfNt ,Ue;jJ. ngz;zpd;
fl;blq;fSk; ,jw;fhfNt
tapw;wpypUe;J Foe;ij tUtJ
fl;lg;gl;ld. fhy khw;wj;jpdhYk;
mtDf;F tpag;igj; je;jJ. vdNt>
fiyfspd; tsh;r; rpahYk; rkhjpapd;
mtd; ngz;izf; flTSld; xg;gplj;
kPJ itf;Fk; fw;fisAk;
njhlq;fpdhd;. ,wg;G mtDf;F
Kd;Ndhh;fspd; cUtq;fisAk;
NkYk; gy Fog;gq;fisj; je;jJ.
fiyeaj;Jld; cUthf;fpdh;.
mg;NghJ ,we;jth;fisg; nghUl;
fw;fspd; cUtq;fs; ngUk;ghYk;
fSld; Nrh;jJ ; nghpa ghid Nghd;w
ngz;fspd; tbtkhfNt Muk;g
xd;wpDs; itj;J tpl;ldh;. ,JNt
fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jd. Vnddpy;> mth;
gpw;fhyj;jpy; ‘KJkf;fs; jhop’
fSf;Fj; njhpe;j Kjy; nja;tk;
vd;wiof;fg;gl;lJ. rpwpJ fhy
ngz;jhNd. fhyg;Nghf;fpy; cUtq;
khw;wj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dh;> me;jj; jhopfis
fspy; fw;gidfisg; GFj;jpdh;.
kz;Zf;Fs; Gijf;fj; njhlq;fpdh;.
gpd;dh; kdpjh;fSf;F ,Ug;gijg;
,we;jth;fisf; flTs;fshf vz;
NghyNt FLk;gk;> cwTfs; Nghd;w
zpdh;. cly;fisg; Gijj;Jtpl;L
tw;iwf; flTs;fSf;Fk; cU
milahsj;jpw;fhf mjd; kPJ fw;fis
thf;fpdh;. mth;fspd; fw;g idf;F
el;L itj;jdh;. mth;fs; Mtpahf
Vw;wthW NfhGuq;fspd; tbtq;fSk;
cyTtjhf ek;gpdh;. mjdhy;
khw;wk; ngw;wd.
mth;fSf;Fj; Njitahd czitj;
ehk; jw;NghJ tzq;fp tUk;
ehs;NjhWk; gilf;fj; njhlq;fpdh;.
cUtq;fSk; cUt topghLk;
cly;fs; Gijf;fg;gl;l rkhjpfspd;
,t;thWjhd; Njhd;wpd. Nfhapy;
kPJ fw;fis el;lJld; mtw;iwr;
fspy; gypaplg;gLk; cly;
Rw;wpf; Fbir tPL Nghd;w xd;iwAk;
fspypUe;J ntspNaWk; ,uj;jj;
cUthf;fpdh;. fhyg; Nghf;fpy; mijAk;
jpid midtUk; Kfk;> iffspy;
khw;wp> ,we;jth;fis mth;fs; tho;ej ;
G+rpf; nfhz;ldh;. mJjhd; ,d;W
$lhuq;fspNyNa Gijj;Jtpl;L
Nfhapy;fspy; Fq;Fkk; jUk;
tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 12 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
gof;fkhf khwp cs;sJ. mNj Nghy
,we;j cly;fis vhpj;J rhk;giyr;
Nrfhpj;J mjidAk; clypy; G+rpf;
nfhz;l gof;fk;jhd; ,d;W khwp>
jpUePW tbtj;ij mile;Js;sJ.


E} y f c yh
gdhu]; ,e;J gy;fiyf;fof E}yfk;;
11>981 Kidth; gl;l Ma;NtL
fSk; 7>227 ifnaOj;Jg; gpujpfSk;
9891 ,iza ,jo;fSk; 516 kpd;
E}y;fSk; ,e;E}yfj;jpy; cs;sd.
,e;j E}yj;ij ntspegh;fs; ehs;
xd;Wf;F &.20nrYj;jpg; gad;gLj;
jyhk;. ,izak; topahf ,ytr
khfj; jfty;fisg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;syhk;.

fhiy 9.00kzpKjy; ,uT

8.00kzptiu ,e;E}yfk; nray;gl;L
tUfpd;wJ. Qhapw;Wf;fpoik kl;Lk;
fhiy 10.00kzpKjy; khiy
5.00kzptiu nray;gLfpd;wJ. Mz;L
KOtJk; tpLKiwapd;wpr; nray;
gLk; E}yfkhf ,J jpfo;fpd;wJ.

http://www.bhu.ac.in/ ,e;j E}yfj;ijg; Nguhrphpah;

b.Nf. rpq; (Email: dksingh15@
gdhu]; ,e;J gy;fiyf;fof E}yfk; rediffmail.com, Ph.: 0542-2369433)mth;fs;
1916,y; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j E}yfk; nghWg;G epiyapypUe;J guhkhpj;J
mg;gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; kj;jpa E}yf tUfpwhh;.
khFk;. ,jDs; %d;W epWtd
E}yfq;fs;> vl;L Mrphpah; E}yfq;fs;> njhlh;Gf;F :
25Jiwrhh; E}yfq;fs; cs;sd. Sayajirao Gaekwad Library
(Central Library)
,e;E}yfj;jpy; xd;gJ ,yl;rk; Banaras Hindu University
VARANASI - 221005 INDIA.
E}y;fs; cs;gl 13,yl;rk; mwpTrhh;
njhFg;Gfs; cs;sd. Ph. : 0542- 2367133& 2307131 to 2307133
Fax : 0542 - 2367133 & 2368174
Email :clbhu@satyam.net.in
941 ,jo;fs; njhlh;eJ; ,e; clbhu@bhu.ac.in
E}yfj;jpy; thq;fg;gl;LtUfpd;wd.
mtw;wpd; gioatw;iwj;; njhFj;J njhFg;G: g. rutzd;>
jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;.
1>35>530 ‘igz;L’ E}y;fshf khw;wpg;
ghJfhj;J tUfpd;wdh;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 13 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
 Ne h; fh z y; cUthf;Fk; vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;W.
,J> gidkuj;ijj; jdp
 ngUkhs; KUfd;  xUtdhfNt gpLq;Fk; gyk; tha;ej ;
15.10.1966 Mk; Mz;L jpUr;nrq;NfhL xUtd; typikaw;wth;fspd;
tl;lk; $l;lg;gs;spapy; gpwe;j vOj;jhsh;> Kd;dhy; iffl;b epw;Fk; Kuiz
Nguhrphpah; Kidth; ng. KUfd; vd;w
Neh;jj
; pAld; fhl;Lk; ,r; rpWfijNa
ngUkhs; KUfd; mth;fs; jw;NghJ
vd;idf; fth;ej; jhFk;.
ehkf;fy; muR fiyf;fy;Y}hpapy; Mrphpah;
gzpahw;Wfpwhh;. ,th;> $skhjhhp> jw;fhy rpWfijfs; vspjpy;
VWntapy;> epoy; Kw;wk;> fq;fzk; Mfpa Ghptjpy;iyNa Vd;?
ehty;fisAk; jpUr;nrq;NfhL vd;w rk;gtq;fisj; jtph;jJ
; mij
jiyg;gpy; xU rpWfijj; njhFg;igAk; fpsh;jJ; k; czh;T epiyfis
fhpj;jhs; njhpahjh jk;gP vd;w jiyg;gpy; ikag;gLj;jp vOjg;gLtjhy; rpy
fl;Liu E}iyAk; gilj;Js;shh;. rpwe;j
rpWfijfs; Ghpe;Jnfhs;tjpy;
gilg;GfSf;fhf jkpo;ehL muR tpUJ>
rpf;fy;fs; cs;sd. thrf kdk;
fjh tpUJ> rp.Nf.Nf mwf;fl;lis tpUJ>
jpUg;G+h; jkpo;r; rq;f tpUJ> Vyhjp tpUJ ,d;Dk; mjw;Fj; jahuhf Ntz;Lk;.
Mfpatw;iwg; ngw;Ws;shh;. mtiu rkfhyj;jpy; rpWfij ‘gilg;
tpbaYf;fhfg; Ngl;b fz;Nlhk;. ghf;fk;> thrpg;Gr; R+oy;> tpkh;rdr;
‘rpWfij’–f;Fj; njspthd tiuaiw R+oy;’ Fwpj;Jk; mjd; Nghf;Ffs;
VJk; cz;lh? Fwpj;Jk; $Wq;fNsd;?
rpWfijf;Fj; njspthd tiuaiw rkfhy rpWfijg; gilg;ghf;fk;
,y;iy. vy;yh tiuaiwfis kPwpAk; Gj;njOr;rpf; nfhz;L cUthfp
cilj;Jf; nfhz;Lk; rpWfij tUfpwJ. 90-fspd; ,WjpapYk;
cUthfpwJ. 2000-j;jpd; njhlf;fj;jpYk; epytpa
xU rpwe;j rpWfijf;fhd Njf;f epiy jw;nghOJ cile;J
jFjpg;ghLfs; vit? cs;sJ. jkpo;r; rpWfijapd; mLj;j
thrpg;gthpd; mDgt ntspf;Fs; fl;l tsh;rr
; pf;fhd mwpFwpfs;
nray;gl;L tho;f;ifg; gw;wpa Gjpaf; njhpfpd;wd.
Nfhzy;fisg; ghh;itfisf; rkfhyj;jpy; E}y;fs; mjpfk;
nfhLg;gjhf ,Ug;gJ rpwe;j tpw;gidahfpd;wd. Mdhy;> gilg;ig
rpWfijf;fhd my;yJ rpWfij thrpf;Fk; Kiwfs; etPd
,yf;fpaj;jpw;fhd jFjp vd ,yf;fpaj;ij tpsq;fpf;nfhs;Sk;
vz;ZfpNwd;. Mrphpah;fs;> khzth;fs; mjpfk;
jq;fs; kdq;fth;ej ; rpWfij ,y;iy. MfNt> tpjtpjkhd
gw;wp....(jkpo; ehl;Lr; rpWfij kl;Lk;) gilg;Gfis cUthf;Fk; eph;ge;jk;
vOj;jhsUf;Ff; FiwthfNt
fhe;jh;td; vOjpa “mjprak;”
cs;sJ.
vd;Dk; rpWfij> tpjptpyf;fhd
tpraq;fs; ey;y rpWfijia

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 14 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
 jkpo; tpkh;rdk; rkPgj;jpy; ngUk; ,e;jf; fijf;Fg; nghUe;jpg;
Njf;f epiyapy; cs;sJ. gilg;igg; ghh;jj
; hy; fijapd; ikaj;ij
gy tpjkhd Nfhl;ghLfspy; ghh;itapy;; cs;thq;fpf; nfhs;s ,aYk;. mjpy;
mZfp fUj;Jf;fisj; njhFf;Fk; tUk; Kl;ilf;fhhp vd;gts;
tpkh;rdk; gilg;Gf;F ed;ik nra;tJ rhjhuzkhf Kl;il tpw;gts; my;y.
MfhJ. jw;nghOJ kjpg;Giufs; fhkj;jpw;fhd FwpaPL. mts;
tpkh;rdf; fl;Liufs; Fwpj;jikf;F neUq;fpr; nry;y nry;y> khaKfk;
mtw;wpd; kPJ thrfh;f;F rspg;Gj; fhl;b> J}uj;Nj tpyfpr; nry;Yjy;
Njhd;wptpl;lJ fhuzkhf ,Uf;fyhk;. fhkj;jpd; ,ay;NghL nghUe;jpaJ.
gilg;gpd; El;gq;fis ntspg;gLj;Jk; vjph;fhyj;jpy; jkpo;rr
; pWfijapd;
,urid Kiw tpkh;rdk; ,d;iwa Kfk; vt;thW ,Uf;Fk;?
Njitahf ,Uf;fpwJ. ehk; fzpf;f ,ayhj mstpw;F
,sk; rpWfij vOj;jhsUf;Fj; gd;Kfj; jd;ikf; nfhz;ljhf
jhq;fs; gfUk; mwpTiufs; ahit? tpsq;Fk; vd vz;ZfpNwd;.
(Fwpg;ghf fy;Y}hp khzth;fs;) Ngl;b : nry;tp. n[. ghujp>
epiwa thrpf;f Ntz;Lk; jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;
vy;yhtw;iwAk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

‘cyfr; rpWfijg; gilg;ghf;f
Kaw;rpapy; jkpo;r; rpWfijapd; ,lk; fiyepfo;rr
; pfs;;
vd;d? gpg;uthp 14 Mk; Njjp
cyfr; rpWfijfs; gytw;iwg; `pe;J];jhd; fiy kw;Wk;
gbj;jwpe;jth;fs;> cyfj; juj;Jf;fhd mwptpay; fy;Y}hpapy; HIARI
rpWfijfs; jkpopypy; fzprkhf CAS’10 fiy epfo;rr
; p eil
,Ug;gjhff; $Wfpwhh;fs;. ngwTs;sJ.
xU rpWfijia cs;thq;fpf; gpg;uthp 19>20 Mfpa ehl;fspy;
nfhs;tJ vg;gb? rhd;NwhL ee;jh fiy kw;Wk; mwptpay;
tpsf;fpdhy; eyk;. fy;Y}hpapy; ‘fiyfiy kd;wg;Nghl;b’
ftpijiag; NghyNt rpWfij eil ngwTs;sJ.
fspYk; nksdq;fSk; thrfh; ,l;L gpg;uthp 20 Mk; Njjp FkuFU
epug;gpf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba nghwpapay; fy;Y}hpj; jkpo;kd;wk;
,ilntspfSk; cs;sd. mtw;iw rhh;ghf ‘jkpo;
jkpo; mwpTj; jpUtpoh’
jpUtpoh
mwpAk; El;gkhd thrpg;G ,Uj;jy; Nghl;b eilngwTs;sJ.
Ntz;Lk;. Re;ju uhkrhkpapd; ,tw;Ws; fye;Jnfhs;s tpUg;g
‘Kl;ilf;fhhp’ vd;Dk; rpWfij Ks;sth;fs; jkpo;jJ ; iw tphpT
FwpaPlL ; g; nghUs; rhh;ej
; J. FwpaPL iuahsh; nry;tp. n[. ghujp
vd;gJ ek; nkhopapYk;> kf;fspd; mth;fis mZfTk;.
md;whl Ngr;R tof;fpYk;
rhjhuzkhfg; Goq;FtJjhd;. mij
tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 15 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
 f l; L iu
nghq;fy; tpoh
rpwg;Gf; ftpauq;fk;  gPfhh; fhe;jp 
<. nghparhkp
,sq;fiy Kjyhkhz;L tzpf
Nkyhz;ikapay; ‘m’ gphpT

gPfhhpy; cs;s rhud; khtl;lj;jpy;

3.12.1884,y; ,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj;
gpwe;jhh;. gs;spf;Fg; NghFk; Kd;
tPlb; y; xU nksy;tpaplk; fy;tp
gapd;whh;. gpd;dh; gs;spapy; Nrh;eJ ;
nkl;hpFNy~d; Njh;tpy; Kjy;
khztuhfj;Njwpdhh;. nfhy;fj;jhtpy;
khfhzf; fy;Y}hpapy; Nrh;ej
; hh;.
nghd;khiyg; nghOJ elj;Jk; mq;F gPfhh; khzth;fis xd;W
nghq;fy; tpohtpd; rpwg;G ftpauq;fk;
12-01-2010 md;W khiy 3.00 kzp Nrh;jJ; f; fofk; xd;iw epWtpdhh;.
Kjy; 4.30 kzp tiu rpwg;Gld; 1908,y; vk;.V gl;lk; ngw;whh;.
eilngw;wJ. Xuhz;L xU fyhrhiyapy;
MrphpauhfapUe;J gpd;dh; rl;lf;
jkpo;jJ; iw tphpTiuahsh;
Kidth; fNzrKUfd; mth;fs; fy;Y}hpapy; Nrh;eJ
; gbj;jhh;.
tpohtpw;F te;jpUe;jth;fis 1910,y; gp.vy; gl;lk; ngw;whh;.
tuNtw;Wg; Ngrpdhh;. gl;lk; ngw;wJk; nfhy;fj;jh
Kjy;thpd; jiyikapd; fPo; cah;ej P pkd;wj;jpy; tof;fwpQuhfg;
eilngw;w ,f;ftpauq;fj;jpy; ,UgJ gzpahw;wpdhh;. njhlh;eJ
; vk;.vy;
,sk; ftpQh;fs; Gj;jhz;L> nghq;fy; gl;lj; Njh;Tf;Fg; gbj;J 1915,y;
kw;Wk; gy;NtW jiyg;Gfspy; ftpij
thrpj;jdh;;. Kjy; tFg;gpy; Njwpg; gyuhYk;
ghuhl;lg; ngw;whh;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpa khzth;fs; j. gPfhh; khfhzj;jpy; rk;guhd; vd;w
kzpfz;ld;> rp. jPghNjtp MfpNahh; gFjpapy; cs;s epyq;fspw; ngUk;
njhFg;Giu toq;fpa ,f;ftpauq;
fj;jpw;Fj; jkpo;jJ
; iw KJepiy gFjpapy; epiyj;j Fj;jif
tphpTiuahsh; jpUkjp J. ru];tjp INuhg;gpaUf;Fr; nrhe;jkhf ,Ue;jJ.
mth;fs; ed;wpAiu toq;fpdhh;. xU Vf;fh; epyj;jpy; Mwpy; xU
,Ughy; Nguhrphpa ngUkf;fSk; gFjpapy; mThpiag; gaphpl Ntz;Lk;
150 khzth;fSk; te;jpUe;J vd;gJ INuhg;gpa Kjyhspfspd;
,f;ftpauq;fj;ijr; rpwg;gpj;jdh;. fl;lis.
coth;fs; fy;tp mwpT
mw;wth;fs;. thapy;yhg; G+r;rpfsha;
kdk; nehe;J mbikfshf cioj;J

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 16 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
te;jdh;. ,th;fs; epiyia mwpa mirT cz;lhfp kf;fs; gyh;
fhe;jpabfs; gPfhh; nrd;wNghJ khz;lhh;fs;;. gyh; tPL ,oe;J
,uhN[e;jpuh; ,y;yj;jpw;Fr; nrd;whh;. clikfis ,oe;J my;yw;gl;ldh;.
mJ rkak; mth; tPl;by; ,y;iy. kf;fSf;F Vw;gl;l Jd;gk; Fwpj;J
murhq;fk; fhe;jpabfisr; rk;guhdpy; Ntjidg;gl;ljjhy; ,tUila fhr
rpiwapypl;lJ. tof;Fk; njhLj;jJ> Neha; kpFjpahapw;W. ,jd;
coth;fs; eyDf;F ciof;f fhuzkhf murhq;fk; ,tiu
,uhN[e;jpuUk; mtUila njhz; tpLjiy nra;jJ. tpLjiy
lh;fSk; Kd;te;jhh;fs;. epiy mile;jTld; kf;fs; gl;l
ikiar; rkhspf;f KbahJ vdf; Jd;gq;fis Nehpy; fz;L> kf;fSf;F
fUjpa murhq;fk; fhe;jpabfis cjtpGhpAkhW gj;jphpf; iffSf;F
tpLjiy nra;jJ. Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jhh;. CUuhf
,j;njhz;by; ,uhN[e;jpuh;> njhlf;f miye;J xd;gJ khjj;jpy;
Kjy; ,Wjptiu fhe;jpabfSld; Kg;gJyl;rk; &gha;; Nrh;jJ
;
gzpahw;wpdhh;. “yhtPf;]”; vd;w rl;l kf;fSf;F Vw;w Kiwapy; cjtp
,jo; xd;wpd; Mrphpauhf ,Ue;J rl;l aspj;jhh;;.
EZf;fq;fs; gw;wpf; fl;Liufs; vOjp
te;jhh;. “rh;r;iyl;” vd;w Mq;fpy; 26.1.1950 md;W ehL chpik
,jopd; Ml;rpf; FOtpy; xUtuhf ngw;w FbauR ehlhdJ.
,Ue;jhh;. ,uhN[e;jpug; gpurhj; FbauRj;
gl;bnjhl;bfs; vy;yhk; fhq;fpu]; jiytuhdhh;. ,e;jpaf; Fbaurpd;
fofq;fisj; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;. ,yl; Kjy; jiytuhd ,tNuh>
rf;fzf;fhd kf;fis cWg;gpduhfr; kWKiwAk; vjph;gg ; pd;wp ,uz;lhk;
Nrh;jj; hh;. gPfhhpy; Njrpa fy;Y}hp Kiwahfj; jiytuhfj; Njh;en ; jLf;
epWtg;gl;lJ. mjd; Jizj; fg;gl;lhh;.
jiytuhapUe;J njhz;lhw;wpdhh;.
,th; rpwe;j vOj;jhsuhf
kf;fs; ,tiu> ‘gPfhh; fhe;jp’ vdg;
tpsq;fpath;. rk;guhd; rj;jpahfpufk;>
Nghw;wyhapdh;.
fhe;jp jj;Jtk;> fjhpd; rpwg;G
fhe;jpabfs; njhlq;fpa cg;Gr;
Kjypa E}y;fis Mq;fpyj;jpy;
rf;jpah fpufj;jpy; <Lgl;L 1930 [{iy
tiue;Js;shh;. ,e;jpa tuyhw;W
khjj;jpy; MWkhjr; rpiwjz;lid
E}w;FOj; jiytuhfj;
ngw;whh;. fs;Sf;fil kwpay;. may;
njhz;lhw;wpdhh;. ,th; NehAw;W
ehl;Lj; Jzpf;fil kwpay; Kjypa
10.03.1963 ,y; fhykhdhh;.
kwpay; gzpfspy; <Lgl;ljhy; 1932,y;
kPzL; k; rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhh;.


MWkhj rpiw tho;tpy; mtUf;Ff;
fhrNeha; Vw;gl;lJ. mr;rkaj;jpy; epy

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 17 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
 gpujkh; gjtpf;F ruz;rpq;> n[f
f l; L iu [Ptd;uht; MfpNahh; Nghl;bapUe;j
nkhuhh;[p Njrha;  NghjpYk; n[a;gpufh~; ehuhazd;>
F. ftpd; uh[; Mr;rhh;ah fpUgshdp MfpNahhpd;
,sq;fiy Kjyhkhz;L tzpf MNyhridf;F Vw;g nkhuhh;[p
Nkyhz;ikapay; ‘m’ gphpT Njrha; gpujkh; Mdhh;.
,e;jpa murpd; kpf cah;ej ; tpUjhd
,e;jpuh fhe;jpiar; rpiwapy;
‘ghujuj;dh’ tpUijAk; ghfp];jhd; milf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W cs;Jiw
murpd; kpf cah;ej ; tpUjhd ep~hd;- mikr;rh; ruz;rpq;> kw;Wk;
,-ghfp];jhd; tpUijAk; ngw;W> mtUila Mjuthsh;fs;
,e;jpah-ghfp];jhd; Mfpa ,U Mh;tj;Jld; ,Ue;jdh;. Mdhy;
ehLfspd; kpf cahpa tpUJfisg; nkhuhh;[p Njrha; chpa fhyj;jpy;
ngw;w Kjy; ,e;jpah; vd;w rpwg;igg; rl;lg;gb eltbf;if vLf;fyhk; vdj;
ngw;wpUe;j nkhuhh;[p Njrha; 1977 khh;r; njhptpj;Jtpl;ljhy;> ruz;rpq;
27Mk; ehs; ehd;fhtJ ghujg; Nfhgkile;jhh;.
gpujkhuhfg; gjtp Vw;whh;. mg;NghJ ,e;jpuhtpd; Mjuthsh;fs; vd;W
mtUf;F taJ 80. fUjp Jizj; jiytuhf ,Ue;j
jdf;F vjpuhfg; nghpaNjhh; n[l;bia [dhjpgjpahfj;
Nghuhl;lk; mfpy ,e;jpa mstpy; Njh;en
; jLf;f nkhuhh;[p Njrha;
elf;f ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gijf; fz;L tpUk;gpdhh;. ruz;rpq; Nghd;wth;fs;
nfhz;l ,e;jpuhfhe;jp 1975Mk; Mz;L tlkhepyj;ijr; rhh;ej; xUth;
[{d; 25Mk; Njjp neUf;fb fhy [dhjpgjpahf tuNtz;Lk; vd;W
gpufldj;ij ntspapl;lhh;. ,jdhy; typAWjjpdhh;fs;. tlkhepy
vjph;ff
; l;rpj; jiyth;fSk;> muRfSk; ,ij Mjhpj;jd. ,jw;F
Mapuf;fzf;fhd Copah;fSk; tprhu nkhuhh;[p Njrha; kWj;jjhy;
izapd;wpr; rpiwapy; milf; ruz;rpq;> ,ilNa tphpry;
fg;gl;ldh;;. mg;NghJ nkhuhh;[p mjpfhpj;jJ. fpUghsdpAk;
NjrhAk; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L ufrpaf; n[a;gpufh~; ehuhazDk;
fhtypy; itf;fg;gl;bUe;jhh;. 19 khj mt;tg;NghJ mth;fisr; rkurk;
rpiw thrj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dh; 1977Mk; nra;a Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;lJ.
Mz;L [dthp khjk; 18Mk; ehs; Mdhy;> rkurk; ePbf;f tpy;iy.
tpLjiy mile;jhh;. nkhuhh;[p Njrha; G+uz kJtpyf;F
1977Mk; Mz;L ele;j nghJj; rl;lj;ijf; nfhz;Lte;jhh;.
Njh;jypy; [djh fl;rp ngUk; jq;fj;jpd; tpiyiaf; Fiwf;f
ntw;wpiag; ngw;wJ. Njh;jypy; Kjy; eltbf;if vLj;jhh;. fjh; ifj;jwpj;
Kiwahf fhq;fpu]; Njhw;W> njhopYf;F kWtho;T toq;fpdhh;.
Ml;rpajpfhuj;ij ,oe;jJ. nkhuhh;[p jq;fj;ij Vyk; tpl;lJ> ,tuJ
Njrha; F[uhj; khepyk;> R+uj; kfd; fhe;jp Njrha; tptfhuk;
njhFjpapypUe;J ntw;wp ngw;wpUe;jhh;.
tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 18 gpg;uthp; 201
2010
Nghd;wit fhuzkhf ,tiug; gyh; E} y f M a; T
tpkh;rpj;jdh;.  E}y;fspd; thf;F%yk; 
fhq;fpu]; muRfspd; gjtpf;fhyk; kpd;dZ njhopy; El;gj;ijg;
Kbtjw;Fs;> mitfisf; fiyj; gad;gLj;jp vq;fisg; Nghd;w
Jtpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W ruz;rpq; th;fis 2252 FWe;jfLfspy; gjpT
tw;GWj;jpdhh;. fhq;fpu]; mikr; nra;J> gyfhyk; gyUk; gad;gLj;j
ruitfs; fiyf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;jpuh Vw;ghLnra;Js;sdh;. ,e;j b[pl;ly;
fhe;jpiar; rpiwg;gLj;j ruz;rpq; E}yfj;ijf; fle;j MWkhj
Kaw;rp nra;J ntw;wp ngw;whh;. fhyj;jpy; khzth;fs; 5110 KiwAk;
,e;jpuh fhe;jp nly;yp jp`hh; rpiwapy; Mrphpah;fs; 139 KiwAk;
milf;fg;gl;lhh;. ,jdhy; fhq;fpu]; gad;gLj;jpAs;sdh;. khzth;fs;
ehnlq;Fk; Mh;gg ; hl;lj;jpy; <Lgl;lJ. mjpf vz;zpf;if mstpYk; (1246
cs;fl;rp tptfhuj;jhy; [djh fl;rp Kiw) Mrphpah;fs; Fiwe;j
ftpo;eJ ; tpLk; vdf; fhq;fpu]; vz;zpf;if mstpYk; (%d;W
fUjpaJ. rpf;kf@h; njhFjpapy; Kiw) brk;gh; khjj;jpy; gad;gLj;
,e;jpuhfhe;jp Nghl;bapl;L ntw;wp jpAs;sdh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
ngw;whYk; ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; jPhk ; hdk; E}yfj;ij khzth;fs; fl;lhak;
epiwNtw;wp mtUila cWg;gpdh; gjtp gad;gLj;jNtz;Lk; vd;w Nehf;NfhL
uj;J nra;ag;gl;L gjtp Vw;f xt;nthU JiwapYk; Fwpg;gpl;l
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vspikiaAk; filg; gpbj;j nkhuhh;[p E}yfj;jpw;F toq;Fk; jpl;lj;jpd;
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<Lgl;lth;. gpujkh; gjtp ,oe;j vq;fSld; te;J ,ize;Js;sd.
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topgLtijj; jd; filrp fhy khzth;fs; mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy.
gzpahf Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. 100 Mz;Lfs; ,j;jpl;lj;jpidg; gutyhf khzhf;
tho;ej; gok;ngUk; fhe;jPa thjpahd fh;fspd; ftdj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L
,th; 10.04.95 ,y; fhykhdhh;. nrd;why; rpwg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;.

(thf;F%yk; njhlUk;)

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 19 gpg;uthp; 201

2010
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moFnrq; Nfhl;by; mUq;fy;tpg; gzpnra;Ak;
md;gidf; fhj;jUs;fNt!

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 17 20 gpg;uthp; 201

2010