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  • Programs and Institutions, Instituted Here by The Spaniards During The 19 Century I. Background Encomienda

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    1) The document discusses institutions established by the Spanish in the Philippines during the 19th century, including the encomienda system of land ownership, forced labor requirements, and methods of taxation. 2) It also outlines the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade, which was a key source of income for the Spanish colony, as well as the residencia and visita systems used to check abuse of power by royal officials. 3) The final section defines frailocracy as the rule of friars, referring to the political power held by male members of religious orders in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.

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    1) The document discusses institutions established by the Spanish in the Philippines during the 19th century, including the encomienda system of land ownership, forced labor requirements, and methods of taxation. 2) It also outlines the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade, which was a key source of income for the Spanish colony, as well as the residencia and visita systems used to check abuse of power by royal officials. 3) The final section defines frailocracy as the rule of friars, referring to the political power held by male members of religious orders in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.

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    13 views2 pages

    Programs and Institutions, Instituted Here by The Spaniards During The 19 Century I. Background Encomienda

    Uploaded by

    Ralph
    1) The document discusses institutions established by the Spanish in the Philippines during the 19th century, including the encomienda system of land ownership, forced labor requirements, and methods of taxation. 2) It also outlines the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade, which was a key source of income for the Spanish colony, as well as the residencia and visita systems used to check abuse of power by royal officials. 3) The final section defines frailocracy as the rule of friars, referring to the political power held by male members of religious orders in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.

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    Ordanza, Ralph Mendel M.

    3, 2015

    TI103

    Sep.

    Programs and Institutions, instituted here by the Spaniards during the 19 th


    Century
    I.

    Background

    Encomienda
    The economic is a land ownership system with the use of titulo as proof of
    ownership. These are the lands givne by the King of Spain to its soldiers who joined
    the military expeditions. The landlords are called encomendero.
    Forced Labor (Polo y Servicio)
    Poly y servicio is the forced labor for 40 days of men ranging from 16 to 60
    years pf age who were obligated to give personal services to the community
    projects. One could be exempted from polo by paying the falla, a daily fine of one
    and a half real.
    The Residencia and the Visita
    To check the abuse of power of royal officials, two ancient castilian
    institutions were brought to the Philippines. The Residencia, dating back to the 5th
    century and the Visita differed from the residencia in that it was conducted
    clandestinely by a visitador-general sent from Spain and might occur anytime within
    the officials term, without any previous notice. Visitas may be specific or general.
    Manila-Acapulco galleon trade
    The Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade was the main source of income for the
    colony during its early years. Service was inaugurated in 1565 and continued into
    the early 19th century. The Galleon trade brought silver from New Spain, which was
    used to purchase Asian goods such as silk from China, spices from the Moluccas,
    lacquerware from Japan and Philippine cotton textiles.
    Taxation
    Taxation is a system income-generating mechanisms introduced by the
    Spanish colonial government. Direct taxes are personal tribute and income tax.
    Indirect taxes are custom duties and the bandala. These are enforced contribution
    of the people to Spanish government In 1884, the tribute was replaced by cedula
    personal.
    II.

    RRR

    What is Frailocracy?
    Friar means male member of religious ordered who lives in cloistered
    monasteries and doing religious service. Kratos from Greek word for rule
    or power. Hence, Frailocracy means rule of the friars.
    III.

    Sources: http://www.slideshare.net/shielambb/spanish-8824883
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1521%E2
    %80%931898) https://prezi.com/sokjbjhltnlj/frailocracy/

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