N Early December 1891, Dr. A Physicaleducat: Canadia N American Ja Mes Naismith

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n early

December
1891,Canadia
n
AmericanDr.Ja
mes
Naismith,a
physicaleducat

ion professor
and instructor
at the
International
Young
Men'sChristian
Association
Training

School (YMCA)
(today,Springfi
eld
College) inSpri
ngfield,Massac
husetts, USA),
was trying to
keep his gym

class activeon
a rainy day.
He sought a
vigorous
indoor game
to keep his
studentsoccup
ied and at

proper levels
of fitness
during the
longNewEngla
ndwinters.
After rejecting
other ideas as
either too

rough or
poorlysuited
to walledingymnasiums
,he wrote the
basicrulesand
nailedapeachb
asket onto a

10-foot
(3.05 m)
elevated
track. In
contrast
withmodern
basketball
nets, this

peach basket
retained its
bottom, and
ballshad to be
retrieved
manually after
each "basket"
or point

scored;
thisproved
inefficient,
however, so
the bottom of
the basket
wasremoved,
[4]

allowing the
balls to
bepoked out
with a
longdoweleach
time.Basketba
ll was
originally

played
withasoccer
ball.The first
balls
madespecifical
ly for
basketball
were

brown,and it
was only in
the late
1950sthat Ton
y
Hinkle,searchi
ng for a
ballthat would

be more
visible to
playersand
spectators
alike,
introduced
theorange ball
that is now in

common
use.Dribbling
was not part
of the
originalgame
except for the
"bounce pass"
toteammates.

Passing the
ball was
theprimary
means of ball
movement.
Dribbling was
eventually
introduced

but limited by
the
asymmetric
shape of early
balls.
Dribbling only
became
amajor part of

the game
around the
1950s, as
manufacturing
improved
theball
shape.The
peach baskets

were used
until 1906
when they
were finally
replacedby
metal hoops
with
backboards. A

further change
was soon
made, so the

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