MC LC

Chng 1 ............................................................................................................................. 1
M u ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 t vn ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Tng quan................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.1 Gii thiu cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht ..................................................... 2
1.2.2 Gii thiu sn phm chuyn sn xut ca cng ty ........................................... 3
1.2.3 Gii thiu v sn phm quai g nn ................................................................. 4
1.2.4 Tnh hnh thc t .............................................................................................. 5
1.3 Tnh cp thit........................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Mc tiu ca ti .................................................................................................. 7
1.5 Phng php nghin cu ca ti ........................................................................ 8
1.6 i tng v phm vi nghin cu ........................................................................... 8
Chng 2: ............................................................................................................................ 9
C S L Thuyt ............................................................................................................. 9
2.1 Gii thiu tng quan v bin tn ............................................................................. 9
2.2 ng c c hp s ................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Nt nhn (PB Pushbutton) .................................................................................. 13
2.4 Xch ....................................................................................................................... 14
2.5 Bc n .................................................................................................................. 15
2.6 Gi ( UCP ) ...................................................................................................... 15
2.7 T in .................................................................................................................. 16
Chng 3: .......................................................................................................................... 17
Thit K V Thi Cng .................................................................................................. 17
3.1 Tnh ton v thit k.............................................................................................. 17
3.1.1 Xc nh nguyn l cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca my ......................... 17
3.2 Tnh ton, thit k v phc tho phn c kh. ....................................................... 19
3.2.1 Cm c cu cp liu ....................................................................................... 19
3.2.1.1 Rul cp liu ............................................................................................ 19
3.2.1.2 Gi trc rul ........................................................................................ 21

3.2.1.3 La chn liu .............................................................................................. 22

3.2.1.4 Bc n .................................................................................................... 22
3.2.2 Khung chnh v c cu truyn ng ca my ................................................ 23
3.2.2.1 Khung chnh............................................................................................. 23
3.2.2.2 C cu truyn ng ca my .................................................................. 24
3.2.3 Thit k cm c cu dn hng. ................................................................... 28
3.2.3.1 Thit k dn hng. ................................................................................. 28
3.2.3.2 Np liu vo ............................................................................................. 29
3.2.3.3 Zch zc .................................................................................................... 30
3.2.3.4 Np liu ra ................................................................................................ 31
3.2.4 Thit k cm c cu ct ................................................................................. 31
3.2.4.1 Thanh g dao............................................................................................ 33
3.2.4.2 Khun cha dao ct ................................................................................. 33
3.2.4.3 Trc g dao .............................................................................................. 34
3.2.4.4 Tng .................................................................................................... 35
3.2.4.5 Thanh gi ............................................................................................ 36
3.2.5 Thit k cm c dn hng ra ....................................................................... 36
3.2.6 Thit k cm c dn hng thu ...................................................................... 37
3.2.6.1 Trc cun thu ........................................................................................... 37
3.2.6.2 ng c .................................................................................................... 38
Chng 4 ........................................................................................................................... 41
Kt Lun V Kin Ngh ................................................................................................ 41
4.1 Kt lun ................................................................................................................. 41
4.2 Nhng hn ch trong qu trnh thc hin.............................................................. 42
TI LIU THAM KHO................................................................................................ 43

-1-

Chng 1
M u
1.1 t vn
Khoa hc k thut th gii ngy cng pht trin v t c nhng thnh tu rt
ln. Nc ta l nc i sau v khoa hc k thut, nhng nh nhng chnh sch ng n
ca ng v Nh nc nn bit i tt n u nhanh chng tip thu trnh khoa
hc k thut ca th gii, nhanh chng bt kp v nghin cu pht trin nhiu ti c
nh hng n s pht trin ca khoa hc cng ngh nc nh ni ring v th gii ni
chung.
Vit Nam l nc ang pht trin, tc cng nghip ha hin i ha ngy cng
cao. Mi nm cc sn phm t nilon c sn xut a ra th trng rt nhiu v s tin
li cng nh d s dng ca n, c th p dng trong ngnh bao b, ngnh thc phm,
ngnh th cng nghipvv. Nhng cc sn phm t nilon ch yu l nhp t nc ngoi
v chnh iu ny lm cho gi thnh cao. p ng nhu cu tiu dng tng cao, hin
nay trong nc c rt nhiu doanh nghip chuyn sn xut cc sn phm t nilon in
hnh nh: c s Ha Kim, L Hng Phong, Quynvv, p dng nilon vo vic sn
xut g quai nn l, gh ngi, t, gi, cpTuy nhin y ch l cc doanh nghip nh l,
vn p dng cc bin php th cng dng dao ko ct thnh si mt s doanh nghip
khc c p dng my mc nhng ch yu l cc thit b my mc th s sn xut v
vy cht lng ca sn phm ca cc doanh nghip ny khng ng u chnh iu ny
to nn s cnh tranh khc lit trn th trng trong gi thnh v cht lng sn
phm lun l nhng vn c t ln hng u.
ng trc nhng yu cu , rt nhiu c s ch bin mnh dn u t h thng
my mc dy chuyn sn xut nhm nng cao cht lng sn phm, ch bin nilon nhm
nng cao nng sut v h gi thnh sn phm. Nhng chi ph ca cc h thng, dy
chuyn ny khng h r v khng phi c s no cng c kh nng u t. Hn na hu
ht cc loi my trn th trng ch yu l nhp t nc ngoi v chnh v vy m chi ph
sn xut rt cao.

-2-

Vn t ra l cn c mt loi my c th nng cao nng sut, gim chi ph nhn

cng v ph hp vi quy trnh sn xut nhng gi thnh phi nm trong kh nng u t
ca cc c s c quy m nh.
Ti cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht tuy p dng my mc, thit b vo sn
xut vi mong mun nng cao nng sut v ti u ha sn phm ca mnh, nhng cng ty
vn cn nhiu cng on cha th t ng ha v vn cha tm ra phng n p dng cho
yu cu t cht lng sn phm iu ny gy ra nhng nh hng khng tt n nng
sut cng nh li nhun ca cng ty khi m cht lng sn phm cn ph thuc qu nhiu
vo lao ng, quy trnh sn xut mang tnh th cng khng p ng c nhng yu cu
ngy cng cao v cht lng cng nh s lng sn phm. T nhng thc trng bt li
, ban lnh o cng ty c gng khng ngng nhm nng nhng quy trnh t sn xut
th cng tr thnh sn xut t ng hoc bn t ng, mong mun to c nhng iu
kin tt nht phc v cho s pht trin ca cng ty.
T nhng nhu cu thit yu , ban lnh o cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht
t vn vi nhm nghin cu. Nghin cu Thit k v ch to my ct nilon thnh
si cho cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht.
1.2 Tng quan
1.2.1 Gii thiu cng ty Lan Phng Thnh pht
Cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht l mt cng ty chuyn sn xut cc mt hng dn
dng, phc v i sng hng ngy. Nhng sn phm c sn xut ti cng ty Lan
Phng Thnh Pht bao gm: si g nn, gh, t, ti nilon v nhiu sn phm dn
dng khc. Vi ngun nhn lc trn 100 ngi cng nhn lnh ngh, cng ty Lan
Phng Thnh Pht c th p ng c nhu cu sn xut ca th trng tiu th trong
nc cng nh th gii.

-3-

1.2.2 Gii thiu sn phm chuyn sn xut ca cng ty

Cc loi sn phm bn gh.

Hnh 1.1 Bn gh sn sut t nha

Cc loi sn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.2 Quai g nn

Cc loi sn phm ti nilon

Hnh 1.3 Sn xut ti nilon

-4-

1.2.3 Gii thiu v sn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.4 Si nilon dng lm quai g nn

Sn phm quai g nn c sn xut t cht liu nha, hin nay ang l mt hng
m th trng trong nc cng nh th gii cn rt nhiu, vi s lng n t hng ngy
cng tng cao. y l mt sn phm thuc ngnh th cng nghip. c s dng nh
hnh nn, ng dng trong ngnh bao b
Cc cng on c bn hnh thnh sn phm quai g nn
c th sn xut c thnh nn l phi tri qua 5 cng on nh sau: Chn nilon
si, chn thanh g, nh hnh nn, chn l c, khu nn l, kim tra sn phm, xem c
ng yu cu khng.

Hnh 1.5 Quy trnh sn xut nn l

-5-

1.2.4 Tnh hnh thc t

Hin nay trn th gii c rt nhiu my ct nilon thnh si, tuy nhin khng phi mt
hng sn xut t nilon loi no cng c hoc nu c th gi thnh rt cao i hi ngi
cng nhn phi c trnh nht nh c th vn hnh c my.
i vi vic sn xut nilon thnh si cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht ang
c sn xut bng th cng vi vic ct nilon bng ko, chnh iu ny gy ra rt
nhiu kh khn cho doanh nghip bi chi ph u t thu nhn cng qu cao.
1.3 Tnh cp thit
Nha nilon l mt sn phm rt thng dng trn th trng c ng dng rt rng
ri c dng lm bn, gh, th cng m nghTuy nhin loi nha nilon m nhm
ang nghin cu gia cng ct ra y l mt loi nha ph thi, thay v em i ti ch li
th nhm tm hiu ln bn v thit k mt loi my gia cng ct nha nilon thnh si
v bn cho ngi tiu dng vi gi r.
Ct nilon thnh si 6mm nh hnh nn l chi tit quan trng trong vic sn xut
nn l.
Chi tit si: b ngang 6mm, chiu di ct ht cun liu.
Cng on ct si ny hin ang c thc hin th cng, i hi cng nhn phi
dng ko ct, v vy m si ct thng khng u v si dy hay b t. V nhit
nng chy ca loi nilon ny l rt thp ch khong 800C nn vic gia cng l rt kh
khn nu dng phng php ct trc hay ct ma st cao u rt kh khn. Cng ty cng
a ra gii php my ct bng trc kt qu si liu vn khng thng kt qu nh hnh
bn di:

Hnh 1.6a Nguyn liu

Hnh 1.6b Sn phm

-6-

L do chn gii php

Qua nhiu thng tm hiu nhm pht hin c rt nhiu phng php
c th ct nilon thnh si sau y l mt s phng php rt thng dng:
Phng php ct th cng:
cu thnh nn sn phm si 6mm cn tri qua nhiu cng on, nhng
cng on ct si l quan trng nht.

Hnh 1.7 Cng nhn dng ko ct

Cng on ct nilon bng tay ang tn ti rt nhiu nhc im cn chng
ta gii quyt vn ny:
-

Vic ct bng tay tn rt nhiu nhn cng, dn ti chi ph sn xut c sn

phm rt cao.

Sn phm ct ra khng ng u v khng thng lm cho lng sn phm b

loi ra tng i ln, dn ti lng ph nguyn liu. Lm gim li nhun ca
cng ty.

Cng vic ct hon ton th cng khi cng nhn ct li dng vi dao ko v vy
m mc an ton lao ng tng i thp, kh nng ri ro khi ct vo tay l
rt cao.

Cng vic ct phi dng ko ct nn vic tay b au, chai tay chc chn s xy
ra chnh iu ny lm cho nng sut lao ng gim.
Phng php ct bng trc:
Phng php ny cng l gii php ca cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht

tuy nhin sn phm m loi my ny lm ra khng t yu cu ca cng ty.

-7-

Hnh 1.8 My ct bng trc

-

u im: ct nhanh, ct c nhiu si cng mt thi im.

Nhc im: si liu ct ra khng thng, trong qu trnh ct sinh ra nhit.

Phng php ct bng n dao:
Phng php ny cng l gii php ca mt s cng ty trong nc chng

hn nh cng ty Plus tuy nhin phng php ny cng khng mang li nng sut.

Hnh 1.9 My ct bng n dao

-

u im: ct nhanh, ct chnh xc, thng v ng u.

Nhc im: ct c mt si, nng sut khng cao.

T nhng nhc im trn vic tm ra mt phng php c th thay th

cng nhn ct l vn cp thit cn phi lm ngay, nhm mc ch nng cao cht

lng sn phm cng nh nng sut lm vic v phng php ct bng dao l
phng php mang li kt qu tt nht v chnh xc nht. Nhm chn phng
php ct bng dao tuy nhin phng php ct y nhm la chn l ct bng
17 con dao t song song vi nhau.
1.4 Mc tiu ca ti
Thit k v ch to my ct nilon thnh si 6mm. a cng ngh tin tin vo dy
chuyn sn xut, thay th lao ng chn tay bng my mc hin i, tng cao nng xut

-8-

v cht lng sn phm, gim chi ph m doanh nghip phi chi tr cho cng nhn ln.
p ng yu cu cp thit ca cng ty.
1.5 Phng php nghin cu ca ti

Xy dng tng: S dng mi trng internet v sch bo trong th vin

trng, nhm xy dng tng x l tng phn trong h thng.

Tnh ton, m phng: Da trn kin thc tm hiu trn sch Nguyn l chi
tit my, Sc bn vt liu, nhm thc hin tnh ton v kch thc cng nh
la chn nguyn vt liu thc hin h thng. Nhm ng thi s dng phn mm
solidwworks thc hin v v m phng h thng.

Thi cng v hiu chnh h thng: Nhm c s h tr ca cc thy

xng thc hnh c kh.

Th nghim thc t: H thng c th nghim ti xng thc hnh c kh.

1.6 i tng v phm vi nghin cu

i tng nghin cu l sn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.10 Dng coil g nn

sn xut c nn l phi tri qua 6 cng on tuy nhin nhm ch i su vo
nghin cu cng on ct nilon thnh si 6mm.

Hnh 1.11 Quy trnh ct thnh si

-9-

Chng 2
C S L Thuyt
2.1 Gii thiu tng quan v bin tn
Bin tn c th c s dng cho nhiu mc ch khc nhau nhng bin tn t
c hiu qu cao nht trong ng dng iu khin v cp tc ng c p ng cc
yu cu v cng ngh. Ty vo vic ng dng bin tn trong nhng lnh vc iu khin
khc nhau m hiu qu ca n mang li cho ngi ng dng th hin cc mt khc
nhau. Nh trong gii php ny th n dng iu khin tc ng c.
Nguyn l lm vic ca b bin tn kh n gin. u tin, ngun in xoay chiu
mt pha hay ba pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun mt chiu. Cng on ny c
thc hin bi b chnh lu cu diode v t in. Nh vy, h s cng sut cos() ca h
bin tn c gi tr khng ph thuc vo ti v bng t nht l 0.96. in p mt chiu ny
c bin i (nghch lu) thnh in p xoay chiu ba pha i xng. Cng on ny
hin nay c thc hin thng qua h IGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng
phng php iu chnh rng xung (PWM). Nh tin b cng ngh vi x l v cng
ngh bn dn cng sut hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu
m nhm gim ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c.

Hnh 2.1 Nguyn l hot ng bin tn

- 10 -

Cu trc ca b bin tn bn dn: B bin tn l thit b bin i ngun in t tn

s c nh (thng 50Hz) sang ngun in c tn s thay i cung cp cho ng c xoay
chiu.
in p xoay chiu tn s c nh (50Hz) c chnh lu thnh ngun mt chiu
nh b chnh lu (CL), (c th l khng iu khin hoc b chnh lu iu khin), sau
qua b lc v b nghch lu (NL) s bin i thnh ngun in p xoay chiu ba pha c
tn s bin i cung cp cho ng c.
C kh nng iu chnh tn s theo gi tr tc ci t mong mun.
C kh nng iu chnh in p theo tn s duy tr t thng khe h khng i
trong vng iu chnh momen khng i.
u im ca bin tn
H thng iu chnh tc ng c bng bin tn c kt cu n gin, lm vic
c trong nhiu mi trng khc nhau.
Cho php m rng di iu chnh v nng cao tnh cht ng hc ca h thng
iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu.
Kh nng iu chnh tc ng c d dng.
C kh nng p ng cho nhiu ng dng khc nhau.
Cc thit b n l yu cu tc lm vic cao (my li tm, my mi...)
Cc c im k thut tiu chun:
Dy tn s t 0.1 n 400Hz.
X l tn hiu -10 ~ 10VDC, 0 ~10VDC , 4 ~ 110mA.
Cng giao tip RS - 485.
Thi gian tng gim tc: 0.1 giy n 3600 giy
Phanh hm DC: Tn s hot ng 0 ~ 400Hz, thi gian khi ng t 0- 25 giy, thi
gian dng, t 0 - 25 giy
Ng ra Analog: Chn tn s ng ra hoc gim st dng.
Cc chc nng bo v: Qu ti, qu dng, thp p, qu ti motor, dng r, qu ti, qu
nhit, ngn mch.

- 11 -

Phm hin th: 8 k t, 5 s, 7 on LED, 8 trng thi LED, tn s ch, tn s ng ra,

dng ng ra, custom units, gi tr tham s ci, t, xem li v bo li, Run, Stop, Reset,
Fwd/Rev, Job

Hnh 2.2 Mn hnh iu khin chnh ca bin tn

S kt ni: Nhm s dng bin tn mt pha hoc kt ni bin tn 3 pha vo
220V v ni ng ra vo ng c.

Hnh 2.3 Kt ni bin tn IE5 ca LS

Dng bin tn LS - IE5 vi kch thc nh hn 5% so vi cc sn phm trc .
Vi IE5, vn hnh tr ln d dng bi 6 phm chc nng v 1 trit p trn mt, ng thi
vn m bo gii hn cc thng s bo v vi 100 thng s truy cp.

- 12 -

Bng 2.1 Thng s bin tn IE5

Thng s ci t bin tn
f = 44.80 (mc n nh)
Acc = 0 ( thi gian chy)
Dec = 0 ( thi gian dng)
Drv = 1 (iu khin bng tn hiu)
Frq = 3 (iu khin bng bin tr ngoi)
P16 = 160 (ci t thng s tn s ln nht)
P17 = 110 (ci t thng s tn s c bn)
2.2 ng c c hp s
Nguyn l hot ng ca ng c l bin nng lng in thnh chuyn ng quay
(in nng thnh c nng).
i lng c trng ca ng c l ln ca Momen xon (vng/pht).
chn ng c cho b truyn trc ht ta phi chn cng sut cn thit.
K hiu:

- 13 -

K hiu v hnh nh

Hnh 2.4 ng c 1 pha c hp s

2.3 Nt nhn (PB Pushbutton)
Nt nhn l loi kh c in dng ng ngt cc thit b in bng tay. Cc cp
tip im trong nt nhn s chuyn trng thi khi c ngoi lc tc ng, cn khi b lc tc
ng th nt nhn s tr li trng thi c. chnh l im khc bit c bn gia nt nhn
v cng tc.
Trong mch in cng nghip, nt nhn thng c dng khi ng, dng, o
chiu quay ng c thng qua contactor hoc rle trung gian.
Hnh nh v k hiu:

Hnh 2.5 Nt nhn

Cng dng:
Trong h thng dng dng khi ng Start, dng lm nt dng Stop, cng tc
chuyn ch lm vic.

- 14 -

2.4 Xch
Xch c ng dng rt nhiu trong cc my mc trong cng nghip v s tin dng
ca n, hot ng chnh xc. Ta chn xch DID c m s l A

Cu to v hnh nh

Hnh 2.6 Cu to v hnh nh

Hnh 2.7 Hnh nh thc t mt xch

- 15 -

2.5 Bc n

Cu to v hnh nh thc t

Hnh 2.8 Cu to

Hnh 2.9 Hnh nh thc t bc n

2.6 Gi ( UCP )
Trong my ct nilon ta x dng gi gip cho cc chi tit ng chuyn ng d
dng hn.

Hnh 2.10 Hnh nh thit k gi

- 16 -

Cu to v hnh nh thc t

Hnh 2.11 Hnh nh thc t v cu to UCP

Thng s k thut ca mt s loi gi ( UCP)

2.7 T in
T in ng vai tr quan trong trong vic vn hnh h thng my mc. Ta chn
loi t mini vung c kch thc 30 X 40 cm.

Hnh 2.12 T in iu khin

- 17 -

Chng 3
Thit K V Thi Cng
3.1 Tnh ton v thit k
3.1.1 Xc nh nguyn l cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca my
Nguyn l cu to ca h thng my ct nilon
Trong qu trnh tm hiu thc t ti cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht nhm tnh
ton chi tit da trn c s l thuyt v thc tin nhu cu ca doanh nghip nhm tm
hiu rt nhiu phng php nhng nhn thy phng php ct bng dao rc giy ph hp
hn c bi nhng u im ca n. Nhm thit k v a ra bn v tng th ca my.
1

4
5

Hnh 3.1 H thng ct nilon t ng tng th

H thng ct nilon thnh si c b tr nh trong hnh v 3.1. H thng bao gm:
(1) cm c cu cp liu, (2) cm dn hng ct, (3) cm ct liu, (4) dn hng thu, (5)
cm thu liu.

- 18 -

S khi

Sau khi tri qua qu trnh quan st thao tc ca ngi cng nhn thc hin cng on
ct nilon thnh si. Nhm a ra s khi nguyn l hot ng ca my ct nilon
nh sau:
Nguyn Liu

Sn phm

Cm cp liu

Cm thu liu

Dn hng
ct

Cm ct liu

Dn hng
thu

Hnh 3.2 S khi ca my

Chc nng ca tng khi
-

Nguyn liu: Cun nilon trn c s dng ct thnh si 6mm c kch

thc D = 550mm, l = 110mm

Cm cp liu: Nguyn liu s c a n y cp liu cho my hot

ng.

Dn hng ct: L ni m nguyn liu s i vo u tin, ti y cun nguyn

liu s c p lm thng v to lc cng.

Cm ct liu: Sau khi cun nguyn liu c lm cng ra s c a vo

cm ct liu ti y nilon s c ct ra thnh tng si nh c b rng 6mm bi
17 con dao t trong dao c thit k sn.

Dn hng thu: Sau khi qu trnh ct hon tt th nguyn liu s c thu li

qua cm c cu dn hng thu c thit k theo hnh ch u m bo nilon
sau khi ct s i ra ng hng.

Cm thu liu: Ti cm ny sau khi nilon c ct thnh si s c thu li

thng qua trc thu liu.

Sn phm: Gm cc si nilon c b rng 6mm c qun quanh rul.

- 19 -

Tm tt hot ng ca my
Cun nilon sau khi c chn lc k m bo dy ph hp s c a
vo cun ru l cp liu cho my. Tip n nguyn liu s i qua cm c cu dn
hng ct y nilon s c lm cng tin cho vic ct c d dng hn, sau
qu trnh ct s din ra. Sau khi ct xong nilon s c a ti cm c cu dn
hng thu v chuyn ti rul thu.
3.2 Tnh ton, thit k v phc tho phn c kh.
3.2.1 Cm c cu cp liu
3.2.1.1 Rul cp liu
Rul cp liu c thit k c th chu c sc nng ca nguyn liu khong 50kg.
T yu cu tnh ton thit k ta tnh ton c kch thc ca trc rul, chn vt liu
gia cng l st c trn, hnh tr.
Ta c:
Cng sut ng c 375W = 0,375KW. Vn tc trc n = 100 vng/pht. Hiu sut
truyn l 100%. Nh vy ti tit din B v C s nhn c cng sut truyn ln lt l
0,125KW v 0,250KW. Bit c [] = 16 kN/cm2; [] = 0.250/m; a = 0.2m; G = 8.103
kN/cm2.
Ngu lc xon tc dng ln A, B, C ln lt l M1, M2, M3. p dng vo cng thc
chuyn i:
Ta c:
M1 = 1740x0.375/100 = 6,525 N.m
M2 = 1740x0.125/100 = 2,175 N.m
M3 = 1740x0.250/100 = 4,35 N.m
Biu ni lc:

- 20 -

Theo iu kin bn:

M

Z
Z
max [] Z =
[] D3
D
3
0, 2 D
0, 2.[ ]
WP

MZ
0, 2.[ ]

Vi [] = [] / 2 = 8 kN/cm2, MZ = 4,35 N.m = 435 N.cm, ta c:

D 6,478 cm

(1)

Theo iu kin cng:

max []

MZ
MZ
Mz
=
[] D4
D
4
G.J P
G.0,1D
G.0,1[ ]

MZ
G.0,1[ ]

Vi [] = 0,250/m = 0,00436 Rad/m, MZ = 4,35 N.m = 435 N.cm, G = 8.103 kN/cm2

Ta c:
D 3,35 cm

(2)

tha mn yu cu (1) v (2), ta chn D = 7 cm.

+ kch thc c th :
r1 = 70 mm, r2 = 40 mm, l = 670mm.

nh 3.3 Thit k trc rul cp liu

Hnh 3.4 Hnh nh thc t rulo cp liu

- 21 -

3.2.1.2 Gi trc rul

Gi trc liu c thit k gm cc khp t do, trn c b tr cc bc n
nhm mc ch cho trc rul chuyn ng nh nhng v d dng cho qu trnh tho lp v
thay th nguyn liu.

Hnh 3.5 Thit k gi trc liu

Hnh 3.6 Hnh nh thc t

- 22 -

3.2.1.3 La chn liu

La chn liu c lm bng st c dy 10mm, c dng p cht cun liu
nhm mc ch c nh nguyn liu.

Hnh 3.7 Thit k la chn liu

3.2.1.4 Bc n
Ta chn bc n thay th bi v bc n lm n gin ha kt cu v gim bt khi
lng gia cng, chu c mi mn v c bit l kh nng thay th khi sa cha. Trong
b mt ca l c rnh cha du bi trn, c trng quan trng v kch thc ca bc
n l t s chiu di v ng knh trong ca bc n:

Hnh 3.8 Bc n

l
0,5 0,9
d

- 23 -

Tng th cm c cu cp liu
Tng th cm c cu cp liu bao gm: trc rul, la chn liu, gi trc liu.

Hnh 3.9 Phc tho tng th cm c cu cp liu

(1) Gi trc liu, (2) la chn liu, (3) ru l cp liu

M t hot ng ca cm c cu cp liu
Nguyn liu sau khi c cp vo trc rul s c 2 la chn liu p li cho
cht nhm mc ch c nh nguyn liu khng cho dch chuyn, ng thi 2 bn
trc rul c trang b sn cc bc n s lm cho qu trnh chuyn ng ca trc
d dng hn, ( trc rul c thit k trng thi t do d dng cho qu trnh
chuyn ng ).

3.2.2 Khung chnh v c cu truyn ng ca my

3.2.2.1 Khung chnh
Khung chnh c thit k hnh hp ch nht, s dng vt liu st hp 30x60x1.4
mm. Kt cu khung hnh hp ch nht s gip kh nng chu lc ca khung c tt hn,
ng thi vic lp t my c d dng. Khung chnh l ni lp ng c, trc chnh v
g cc cm c cu dn hng.

- 24 -

Hnh 3.10 Thit k khung chnh

Hnh 3.11 Hnh nh thc t khung chnh

3.2.2.2 C cu truyn ng ca my
Thit k b truyn phn bnh rng cp chm(B hp s ca ng c)
Chn vt liu v phng php nhit luyn:
B truyn chu ti trng nh v trung bnh c th dng thp ti ci thin (ti ri ram
nhit cao), thp thng ha hoc thp c ch to bnh vt. rn b mt
HB<350, tng kh nng chy mn ca b truyn ta nn chn rn b mt rng vt
HB1 theo iu kin: HB1 = HB2+(20 50) HB.

- 25 -

Bnh rng nh: Thp C50 thng ha, b = 620(N/mm2), ch = 320(N/mm2), Xc

nh ng sut cho php:
- ng sut tip xc cho php:

tx tx N 0 .K N' (3.21)
Trong :
+ tx N 0 : ng sut tip xc cho php khi bnh rng lm vic lu di, tx N 0 =
2,6HB
+ K N' : H s chu k ng sut tip xc
K N' 6

N0
(3.22)
N td

Vi:
N0: S chu k c s ca ng cong mi un, N 0 10 7
N td : S chu k ng sut tng ng
N td N 60unt (3.23)

Vi:
u: S ln n khp ca bnh rng trong mt vng quay
n: S vng quay trong mt pht ca bnh rng
t: Tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng
t = s gi/ca, s ca/ngy, s ngy/nm. s nm lm vic = 8.2.260.8 = 33280
Thay vo cng thc, N td N 0 chn K N' = 1
- Vy ng sut tip xc cho php:

tx 1 2,6.230 598( N / mm2 )

- ng sut un cho php:
Bnh rng quay hai chiu ng sut trong rng s thay i i chiu:

u 1,4 1 K N
''

nK

(3.24)

Trong :
1 : Gii hn mi un trong chu k ng sut c xc nh bng cng thc:

- 26 -

1 0,45. b

Thp C45: 1 0,45.600 270( N / mm 2 )

n :H s bn d tr, chn n = 1,5
K : H s tp trung ng sut chn rng, K = 1,8
K N'' : H s chu k ng sut un

K N'' m

N0
N td

(3.25)

Trong :
N0: S chu k c s ca ng cong mi un, bnh rng c ch to bng
thp, N 0 5.10 6
m: Bc ng cong mi un, i vi thp m = 6
Ntd: S chu k ng sut tng ng c tnh theo cng thc (3.23)
td 60.2.101,4.33280 40.10 7

K N'' 6

5.10 6
0,5
40.10 7

ng sut un cho php:

u 2 1,4.270.0,5 70( N / mm2 )

1,5.1,8

- ng sut qu ti cho php:

+ ng sut tip xc qu ti cho php:

2,5.
txqt

tx N 0

(3.26)

Bnh rng nh: txqt 2 2,5.2,6.200 1300( N / mm2 )

+ ng sut un qu ti cho php:

0,8
uqt

ch

(3.27)

Bnh rng nh: uqt 2 0,8.300 240( N / mm2 )

Chn s b h s ti trng Ksb: Ksb = 1,4
Chn h s chiu rng bnh rng: A

b
0,3
A

- 27 -

Chn cp chnh xc ch to b truyn bnh rng nhanh:

V

d1n1
6.10

2An1
2.3,14.150.101,4

0,4(m / s)
4
6.10 (i 1)
6.10 4.4,2

Chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng cp 9

Kim nghim qu ti t ngt:
- b truyn c kh nng chu qu ti trong thi gian ngn cn kim tra b truyn
qu ti theo iu kin :
txqt tx K qt txqt

uqt u K qt uqt

Trong :
u,tx: L gi tr ng sut un v ng sut tip xc ca b truyn tnh theo ti trng
danh ngha
tx1

1,05.10 6
A.i

(i 1) 3 .K .N 1,05.10 6

b.n2
150.3,2

4,2 3.1,4.2,58
314
50.101,4

K qt : H s qu ti ca h thng

K qt

M max
M

Trong :
Mmax: Moment ln nht c th cung cp c cho ng c in
M: Moment xon danh ngha, N.mm
Ta c:
M max
1,9 M max 1,9.M m 1,9.18831 35778,9
M m
K qt

69,8.0,05 3,49

txqt1 314. 0,05 70 txqt

uqt1

uqt 1

Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc:

35778,9
0,05
730828,7

- 28 -

2M x 2.730828,7

5941( N )
d
246
Pr1 Pr 2 P.tg 5941.tg 20 0 5941.0,364 2162( N )
P P1 P2

Tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

B truyn ng bao gm cc bnh rng truyn ng v ng c.

Hnh 3.12 Hnh nh thit k tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

Hnh 3.13 Hnh nh thc t tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

3.2.3 Thit k cm c cu dn hng.
3.2.3.1 Thit k dn hng.
Cm c cu dn hng c thit k theo hnh zch zc vi cc con ln m bo
cho nguyn liu khi cp vo cho cm ct liu c thng v chnh xc.
Gm c: np liu vo, zch zc, np liu ra.

- 29 -

3.2.3.2 Np liu vo
Np liu vo c thit k gm 2 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau v 2 con ln
bn hng nhm mc ch qun liu vo trong khung dn hng khi liu i ra ngoi. Khi
m nilon i qua c cu ny th 2 con ln s p cht nh hnh nilon v 2 con ln bn
hng s cun liu i vo trong khun np liu. Np liu c gia cng bng st, c dy
10mm, c kh nng chu lc ln.

Hnh 3.14 Thit k np liu vo

Hnh 3.15 Hnh thc t chi tit np liu vo

- 30 -

3.2.3.3 Zch zc
Cm zch zc c thit k gm c 3 con ln c chiu di 190mm c np vo cc
gi m bo cho nguyn liu i qua n d dng v to lc cng cp liu cho cm c
cu ct.
Cm zch zc c thit k gm c 3 con ln, 6 gi ( UCP). Khi nguyn liu i
vo cm, 3 con ln c thit k theo hnh zch zc to lc cng cho liu. Lc ny s
c mt lc rt ln tc ng ln cm c cu ny nhng nh cc gi c b ch sn nn
gim c lc ma st gip cho liu i qua d dng.

Hnh 3.16 Thit k cm c cu zch zc

Hnh 3.17 Hnh nh thc t cm c cu zch zc

- 31 -

3.2.3.4 Np liu ra
Np liu ra c thit k gm 2 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau. Np liu c
gia cng bng st, c dy 10mm, c kh nng chu lc ln.

Hnh 3.18 Thit k np liu ra

Hnh 3.19 Hnh thc t np liu ra

3.2.4 Thit k cm c cu ct
Trn thc t c rt nhiu kiu ct nilon thnh si nh kiu ct bng li ca, ct
bng trc, ct bng aTuy nhin nhng kiu ct ny c nhng nhc im nht
nh trong vic ct nilon v n sinh ra nhit rt ln v ng ct khng thng. Trong

- 32 -

trng hp ny nhm nghin cu tm hiu phng php ct bng dao rc giy, phng
php ny c th gip gii quyt c yu cu t ra v d dng iu chnh.
2
3
1

Hnh 3.20 Tng th cm c cu ct

(1)Thanh g dao, (2)Khun cha dao, (3)Tng , (4) Trc g dao

Hnh 3.21 Hnh nh thc t cm c cu ct

M t hot ng ca cm c cu ct liu
Nguyn liu sau khi c lm thng s c a n c cu ct, ti y dao
ct s c iu chnh sao cho hp l bi h thng tng . Trc g dao c thit
k trng thi t do nn n c th gip cho my gim c lc ct ln dao. Khi
nguyn liu i qua th dao dc giy c thit k t sn trong khun dao, gm
17 con dao dc giy t song song cch nhau 6mm ch sn trong khun dao, khi
nilon i ti th n s ct thnh tng si mt. pha di khun dao ta thit k trc
g dao, trc ny c thit k x rnh quanh trc gip lm gim lc ct tip xc
vi dao lm cho qu trnh ct liu c d dng hn.

- 33 -

3.2.4.1 Thanh g dao

Thanh g dao c thit k theo hnh tr vung c chiu di 360mm, b rng ngang
l 20mx20m, gia cng bng st, 2 u c gn 2 ci gi m bo cho vic iu
chnh g dao c d dng.

Hnh. 3.22 Thit k thanh g dao

Hnh 3.23 Hnh nh thc t thanh g dao

3.2.4.2 Khun cha dao ct
Thanh g dao c thit k theo kiu dng khun gm 17 rnh c kch thc 0,6mm
dng t dao vo trong rnh, khong cch gia cc rnh l 6mm m bo cho nguyn
liu i vo va rnh, pha trn khun c thit k gm ch U gip cho vic tho lp v
thay dao d dng. Khun cha dao c gia cng bng st siu cng m bo v
cng v khong cch gia cc rnh t mc chnh xc cao nht c th.

- 34 -

Hnh 3.24 Thit k khun cha dao

Hnh 3.25 Hnh nh thc k khun cha dao

3.2.4.3 Trc g dao
Trc g dao c thit k theo kiu tr trn c th xoay gim lc ct ca my,
gip cho qu trnh ct d dng hn. Trc g dao c gia cng bng st ng knh D =
40mm, khong cch gia cc rnh l b = 0.7mm (gm 17 rnh), b rng ca cc rnh l
6mm, hai u c tin trn g gi v y l trc xoay.

- 35 -

Hnh 3.26 Thit k trc g dao

Hnh 3.27 Hnh nh thc t trc g dao

3.2.4.4 Tng
Tng c thit k theo kiu ch U ngc gip cho thanh g dao c c nh
chc chn khi my chy.

Hnh 3.28 Tng

- 36 -

3.2.4.5 Thanh gi
Thanh gi c thit kt theo kiu ch U ngc m bo s chc chn. S dng
st 40x40mm c chiu di l = 13 mm.

Hnh 3.29 Thit k Thanh gi

3.2.5 Thit k cm c dn hng thu
Cm c cu dn hng ra c thit k gm 4 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau
v 2 con ln bn hng nhm mc ch qun liu ra trong khung dn hng khi liu i ra
ngoi. Cm dn hng thu c gia cng bng st, c dy 10mm, c kh nng chu
lc ln.

Hnh 3.30 Thit k cm c cu dn hng thu

- 37 -

Hnh 3.31 Hnh nh thc t c cu dn hng thu

3.2.6 Thit k cm c dn hng thu
3.2.6.1 Trc cun thu
Rul thu liu c thit k c th chu c sc nng ca nguyn liu khong 30kg,
t yu cu thit k ta tnh ton c kch thc ca trc, vt liu gia cng l st c
trn, hnh tr, c x rnh a liu vo gip cho cun liu c g chc chn.
+ kch thc c th :
r1 = 50mm, r2 = 70mm, l = 500mm.

Hnh 3.32 Thit k cun thu rul

- 38 -

Hnh 3.33 Hnh nh thc t cun thu rul

3.2.6.2 ng c
Gi N- cng sut lm vic, l hiu sut chung, N ct l cng sut cn thit, th:
chn ng c in cn tnh cng sut cn thit:
Gi:
N- cng sut bng ti
- hiu sut chung
Nct- cng sut cn thit:
Ta c:

N ct

Trong :
N

Pv
1000

T yu cu ca doanh nghip, ta c cc thng s sau:

-

Vn tc ca bng ti v = 0,5 m/s.

P lc ko xch ti P = 300 N.

Vy ta c:
Trong :
N

Pv
300 * 0.5

0.15kW 150W
1000
1000

- 39 -

Hiu sut ca cc b truyn:

1 * 2

1 = 0,94

Hiu sut b truyn xch

2 = 0,99

Hiu sut ca mt cp ln.

= 0,94 * 0,99 = 0,93

N ct

150
161,3W
0,93

Nh vy thun tin trong vic g t ng c v kt cu nh gn ca h thng,

nn ng c c thit k truyn ng vi con ln qua xch ti. Da vo thng s tnh
ton v th trng nhm la chn ng c c gim tc qua hp s ca hng
ORIENTAL (Japan) vi thng s k thut nh sau: AC 200-240V, 1200-1700rpm, cng
sut Hp (375w), h s gim tc ca hp s 170 ln.
Sau khi tnh ton chn ng c qua b phn gim tc c s vng quay 100
vng/pht.
Thit k trc qun thanh D = 70mm.
Cun nilon c l = 100-150m.
Nh vy cng sut lm vic ca my t c l: 15-20pht/1 cun. p ng ng yu
cu nh sn xut mong mun.
-

T s truyn:
Chn Z1= 20 rng, Z2 = 20 rng.

T s truyn 1:1 nh vy bng vi cng sut quay ca ng c l 100 vng/pht t

cng sut ca my ct t bng cng sut ng c.

Hnh 3.34 Hnh nh thc t ng c 1 pha

- 40 -

Hnh nh tng th cm c cu thu liu

1

Hnh 3.35 Hnh nh tng th cm thu liu

(1) Xch (2) rul thu liu (3) ng c
Nguyn l hot ng ca cm thu liu
Nguyn liu sau khi c ct v a vo cm c cu thu liu n s c
rul thu liu thu li nh xch ti v ng c.

Hnh 3.36 Bn v thit k hon chnh my ct nilon thnh si

Hnh 3.37 Hnh nh thc t thi cng

- 41 -

Chng 4
Kt Lun V Kin Ngh
4.1 Kt lun
- thit k v ch to thnh cng my ct nilon thnh si 6mm cho cng ty Lan
Phng Thnh Pht, si dy ct ra di, thng, p ng c yu cu ca doanh
nghip.
- Hin nay my chy th nghim ti xng c kh ca trng v ban u thu
c mt s kt qu kh quan. My chy n nh, ct chnh xc, si ct ra u.
- My hot ng n nh vi nng sut 5 cun sn phm/gi. D s dng v bo
dng, thn thin vi mi trng.

Hnh 4.1 Hnh nh thc t my hon thin

Hnh 4.2 Hnh nh thc t sn phm ct ra t yu cu

- 42 -

4.2 Nhng hn ch trong qu trnh thc hin

Hu ht cc chi tit ca my khng c sn trn th trng, nhm phi t gia

cng v ch to.
Chi ph vt t tng cao, v th nhm phi cn nhc, la chn k cng nguyn

vt liu nhm bo bn vng nhng cng phi c tnh kinh t.

So snh hiu qu kinh t ca my so vi cng nhn
Ch tiu nh
gi

1 gi lm vic

1ca lm vic (8
gi)
Chi ph

My ct nilon

1 cng nhn

10 cng nhn

5 cun sn phm

0,5 cun sn phm

5 cun sn phm

40 cun (gii lao)

4 cun (gii lao)

40 cun (gii lao)

600.000/thng

4tr/thng

35tr/thng

- 43 -

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1].Lu c Bnh (12-2005), Gio trnh cng ngh ch to my, khoa C Kh, Trng
H Bch Khoa Nng.
[2].Trnh Cht L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh Tp 1, Nh xut
bn gio dc, 1999.
[3] Trn Hu Qu (ch bin) (2007), V k thut c kh (tp 1), Nxb Gio dc.
[4] Trn Hu Qu (ch bin) (2007), V k thut c kh (tp 2), Nxb Gio dc.
Tham kho trang Web
[5] http://www.omron.com.vn
[6] http://www.trangthietbidien.vn
[7] http://www.ufo.com.vn
[8] http://www.tienphat-automation.com