Lanh Dan Dung

Cm nang
Thc tp sa cha
in lnh dn dng
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
LI NI U.
X hi ngy cng pht trin i sng vt cht ca con ngi ngy mt nng
ln km theo l s pht trin vt bc ca khoa hc k thut nhm phc v ngy
cng tt hn nhng nhu cu thit yu ca con ngi trong phi k n l cc
thit b in dn dng trong gia nh t tivi,t lnh,my iu ha,.v.v.nhng vt dng
tht gn gi vi chng ta,nhng trong qu trnh s dng cc vt dng thng
xuyn hng hc cn c khc phc.
V vy nhm p ng yu cu trn c s ng ca gio vin hng dn
V Anh Ho nhm chng ti tin hnh nghin cu,thu thp nhng kinh nghim qu
bu ca thy c ,bn b,ti liu chuyn nghnh cho ra cun cm nang " thc tp
sa cha lnh dn dung" vi mong mun y chnh l ti liu qu cho ngi th
nghnh in lnh .
Tuy chng ti c nhiu c gng song khng trnh khi nhng thiu st chng
ti rt bit n nu c c s ng gp kin t c gi.
Mt ln na chng ti xin chn thnh cm n v b cht thi gian xem qua
li ta ny,chc tt c sc khe v thnh cng.
Nhm tc gi.
Nhm 2 (07cdnl1)
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
TRNG LP LC
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Page 1
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
MC LC
Bai2: Tho V Np Du My Nn
I.Mc ch- yu cu
1 Mc ch
2.Yu Cu
3.Dng C
II. Phng Php Thc Hin
1. Tho Du
2. Np Du
III.Kim Tra My Nn
1 Kim Tra Nn
2 Kim Tra Kn Clape
3 Kim Tra Di p
4 Kim Tra R R in
Bi 2:Lm Sch Dn Nng V Dn Lnh
I.Mc ch -Yu Cu
1 Mc ch
2 Yu Cu
3. Dng C
II. Hn Ni ng ng
1. Phng Php Hn Ni ng
2. Ch
Bi 3:Cn Cp
I. Mc ch- Yu Cu
1 Mc ch
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG
NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 2
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
2 Yu Cu
3 Dng C
Bi 4:.Th Kn
I.Mc ch Yu Cu
1 Mc ch
2 Yu Cu
3 Dng C
II.Phng Php Thc Hin
Bi 5: Ht Chn Khng
I. Mc ch-Yu Cu
1 Mc ch
2 Yu Cu
3 Dng C
Bi 6:.Sc Gaz V Bm ng
I. Mc ch- Yu Cu
1 Mc ch
2 Yu Cu
3 Dng C
II.Phng Php Thc Hin
Bi 7:.Mt S H Hng Thng Gp
Ti Liu Tham Kho
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 3
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
BI 1: THO NP DU LC T LNH
I.MC CH YU CU.
1 MC CH NP DU:
Bi trn cho my nn v h thng
Gim mi mn cc chi tit ca my nn
Gii nhit cho my nn
Lm kn cho chi tit ht v y
2YU CU CHUNG:
i vi np du ta nn np va khng np d hoc np
thiu ,nu thc hin khng ng yu cu c th dn ti h hng thit bi.
3 DNG C
STT
1
2
3
4
DNG C-THIT B
My nn
Du mi
Mng ng du c
Ampe km
SL
1
1
1
1
GHI CH
2.PHNG PHP THC HIN
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 4
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
1.THO DU.
1.2 THAO TC (h.2)
Thao tc nh hnh v
Dc ngc my nn cho du chy ht ra u ht ca my nn.
2.NP DU.
Ch
Lng du np t (250ml-330ml) ty theo cng sut my nn
Du np phi m bo v yu cu k thut,khng b cn bn
Lng du np ng loi du m nh sn xut khuyn co
Ch c np mi hon ton
Khng c np b sung
THAO TC
Cho lc hot ng
Bt mt u ht,u ht cn li ni vi vi th vo trong
Khay ng du mi cho lc ht vo my vi lng du va l c
khong t (250ml-330ml) ty theo cng sut
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
TRNG LP LC
Page 5
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
3.KIM TRA LC.

NN KIM TRA LC
DUNG C
stt
tn dng c
sl
1
2
3
my nn
ng h
ampe km
1
1
1
ghi ch
THAO TC.
Mc theo s nh hnh v. h.4
Kha van cao p.
Kp ampe km
Cho lc hot ng
Quan st ng h cao p
Quan st ampe km
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 6
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
NHN XT.
Kim ln nhanh > 500PSI ( lc tt)
Kim ln khoang 400 PSI ( lc trung bnh)
Kim ln < 400 PSI ( lc yu)
2.KIM TRA KN CLAPE.
MC NH S TRN.
Cho lc hot ng
Nn ln khong 150 psi
Tt my v quan st
Nu kim khng tut clape kn
Nu kim tut clape b h
3.KIM TRA DI P.
MC THEO S H.4.
Cho lc hot ng nn ln khong 100PSI th tt my.
Cho lc hot ng tr li.
Nu lc c th lc khng phi dng t khi
Nu lc khng c,dng t c th l lc dng t.
4.KIM TRA R R IN.
CHO LC HOT NG
Dng ng h o in kin tra s r r in v lc.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 7
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
BI 2: LM SCH DN NNG V DN LNH

I.MC CH-YU CU.
1.MC CH.
Lm sch dn nng v dn lnh to s trao i nhit tt hn
Lm sch cn bn bn trong dn nng v dn lnh nguyn nhn
gy ngt phin sau ny.
2. YU CU.
Sau lm sch dn nng v dn lnh phi sch ,khng cn cn bn
Phi m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b
Ch .
Dng nito (N2) thi sch bn trong.
Khng dng O2 v sinh v c th gy ra hn hp n nguy
him
3..DNG C
stt
1
2
3
4
5
DNG C-THIT B
Chai N2
Dn nng
Dn lnh
T lnh
Ampe km
SL
1
1
1
1
1
GHI CH
THAO TC
Ta c th thi sch tng b phn ring.
Np N2 vo mt u ,u cn li dng tai bt li khong 4-5 s sau
th ra cho bi bn bay ra ngoi lp li nhiu ln cho ti khi h
thng sch th thi.
Trong trng hp phi dng khng kh th ta phi ht chn khng
tht k.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG
NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 8
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
3.HN NI NG NG.
3.1DNG C.
stt
1
2
3
4
5
Tn dng c
T lnh
Bnh gi hn
Km bng
Bc hn,a hn
da
sl
1
1
1
2
1
Ghi ch
Thc hin hn ni h thng theo s sau.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
TRNG LP LC
Page 9
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
CH :
Vic hn ni ng ng phi do ngi c chuyn mn thc hin.
Mi hn phi m bo chc chn,thm m.
Phi m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.
Khi ni gia lc vi ng i v ng v ca h thng chng ta phi
thc hin thao tc by du ng i v by lng ng v bng
cch un cong ng theo hnh ch u hoc hnh trn v.v..
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 10
TTSC LNH DN DNG
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BI 3: CN CP
I..MC CH-YU CU.
1.MC CH.
Lm gim p sut,nhit mi cht lnh v lm lnh ngay thit b bay
hi.
Khi chng ta sa cha ,qun li lc,lc yu,thay lc mi chng ta cn
phi cn li cp
2.YU CU
Cn cp ng yu cu,k thut
Cn khng d hoc thiu
3.DNG C
stt
1
2
3
Tn dng c
T lnh
Ampe km
ng h p sut
sl
1
1
1
Ghi ch
II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

Mc nh hnh v
Dng chnh lc ca t chng ta cn cp.
Sau khi mc theo s nh hnh trn ta cho lc hot ng v quan st.
i vi t lnh ta cn cp theo ch s sau.
T LOI
NHIT T
P SUT CN CP
*
**
***
-6
-12
-18
130-150 PSI
150-170 PSI
170-190 PSI
200-220 PSI
T KEM
<-18
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 11
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 12
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
BI 4:TH KN
I.MC CH-YU CU
1.MC CH.
Th kn nhm mc ch kim tra li h thng sau khi hn
Buc phi lm kn h thng trc khi cn cp m bao
rng h thng tuyt i kn
Lm kn trc khi np gaz ,ng thi th bn cc mi ni.
2.YU CU.
Sau khi th kn phi pht hin c cc mi x nu c
m bo m thut,an ton cho ngi v thit b.
Thao tc ng ,chun
3.DNG C.
stt
1
2
3
4
5
Tn dng c
T lnh
Lc nn,N2
ng h p sut
Ampe km
X bng th x,bt lng
sl
1
1
1
1
1
Ghi ch
II.PHNG PHP THC HIN.

Mc ng h v my nn theo s nh hnh v.H.7
Cho lc nn hot ng,m ht hai van ng h v quan st
p sut nn vo h thng khong 120-150 psi sau kha hai van
v tt lc nn,dng bt lng nh du v tr kim ng h.
Dng bt x bng kim tra cc mi hn,rc co v nhng ch nghi
ng.
15 pht v quan st ng h,nu kim ng im v tr th h thng
kn,nu kim xung th h thng b x.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 13
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
Ch :
i vi dn lnh bng nhm khng c nn qu 10 kg/cm2 ( khong
140 psi) v c th gy h hng.
C th kim tra tng thit b ( dn nng,dn lnh v.v)
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 14
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BI 5: HT CHN KHNG
I.MC CH-YU CU.
1.MC CH.
Mc ch ca ht chn khng l ht ht khng kh ra bn ngoi
m bo khi hot ng gy ra hin tng tc m.
2.YU CU.
Thao tc ng k thut,ht ht khng kh ra ngoi.
Gn gng m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.
Thao tc t tin nm vng nguyn tc.
3.DNG C.
stt
1
2
3
4
5
Tn dng c
T lnh
My ht chn khng
ng h p sut thp
Ampe km
Bt lng
sl
1
1
1
1
1
Ghi ch
II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

Mc theo s nh hnh v.H.8
Cho lc t lnh hot ng
Cho my ht chn khng hot ng
M ht hai van ng h,thi gian ht ti thiu l 15 pht
Kim tra kim ng h ch mc -30 psi hoc 760mmHg l c.
Kha cht hai van,tt lc v v my ht.
Nu sau mt thi gian kim khng ln th c th tin hnh sac gaz,nu
tut nn kim tra li.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 15
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 16
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
BI 6: SC GAZ V BM NG.
I.MC CH YU CU
1.MC CH
Sc gaz cho h thng hon tt cng vic,cho t hot ng bnh thng
sau khi sa cha.
2.YU CU.
Sc gaz va cho h thng hot ng tt,thao tc ng k thut,tuyt i
an ton cho ngi v thit b,khn gaz r r ra ngoi mi trng gy
nhim..
3.DNG C.
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tn dng c
T lnh
Chai gaz R 12
ng h p sut thp
Ampe km
Bt lng
My o nhit
B hn gi ,bc hn
Km ct,km bng
My ht chn khng
Km bm ng
sl
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Ghi ch
Page 17
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

Mc theo s nh hnh v.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 18
GVHD:V ANH HO
TTSC LNH DN DNG
CC BC THAO TC
Gn bnh gaz vo dy gia ng h sc gaz
ui gi khng kh trong giy gaz
Cho lc hot ng,kp ampe km
M chm van thp p,ng van cao p
Np n OPSI th kim tra (u y m ln,dn lnh c ting ga phun)
Thao tc cho gaz vo u (t OPSI-5PSI,5PSI-10PSI,10PSI-15PSI) mi
giai on ngng 15' kim tra h thng.
Kim tra gaz,nhit t -20oC ngn ng 10oC-17oC ngn
cha rau qu,dn nng nng u,dn lnh lnh u,ampe nh
mc,ng v ng sng.
.
CH :
Trong qu trnh ang sc gaz nu lng gaz d nhiu chng ta tin
hnh thu gaz vao bnh nh sau.
Kha van thp p,m van chai gaz v van cao p nh c p sut cao
do my nn v vy gaz s tr v bnh sau kha van cao p v chai
gaz tt lc.
BM NG.
Sau khi sc gaz y ta tin hnh bm ng thu gom
dng nh sau:
Tt my ngng 5' kim tra kh nng li ca lc
Dng km bm ng v hn bt
CH
Bm cao p trc,thp p sau
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 19
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TTSC LNH DN DNG
BI 7:NHNG H HNG CCH SA CHA

I. KIM TRA, XC NH TNH TRNG LM VIC CA T LNH.
1. Du hiu hot ng bnh thng ca 1 t lnh:
- Cm in, vn thermostat ra khi s 0, thermostat phi ng in v ng c
block phi lm vic c.
- My chy m, khng c ting g l, ting g ca block.
- u y t block n dn nng phi nng dn v gim dn cui dn n phin
lc.
- M ca t nghe r ting gas phun vo dn lnh, nhit trong t gim dn. Sau 15
pht r vo dn lnh thy dnh tay, lp tuyt ph u l t cn tt.
- Khi t chy bnh thng, dn nng phi nng u, dn lnh bm ht tuyt, c th
lm trong thi gian t 3 6 gi
- Kim tra hot ng ca thermostat, relay khi ng, relay bo v phi m bo
tt.
- Dng in nh mc v dng in o c t phi gn bng nhau.
2. Xc nh dng in nh mc ng c block:
- Dng Amper km v Amper k o dng lm vic ca block. Dng in ny
gip ta phn on cc h hng sau ny ca ng c block cng nh cc h hng khc.
- Nu dng o c bng hoc b hn dng nh mc th xem nh t bnh thng,
nu ln hn th t d b s c (d gas, ng c yu...)
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 20
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TTSC LNH DN DNG
II. NHNG H HNG V CCH SA CHA

- Khi c 1 biu hin h hng, c th do 1 hay nhiu nguyn nhn gy h hng. Mt
s nguyn nhn gy h hng thng gp nh :
1. Nhng h hng khi my nn vn lm vic:
- Khi ng c chy tt, my nn p sut nhng t vn c th mt lnh, lnh t
hoc 1 s h hng khc:
a. lnh km do:
- Thiu gas khc phc ch h, thay phin, th kn, ht chn khng, np li gas.
- Hng thermostat kim tra li, nu h thay mi.
- Tt ng mao x gas thay ng mao, thay phin, th kn, ht chn khng, np li
gas.
- Tt m: X l khng kh trong gas, tch kh khng ngng nu khng c buc
lng x gas np li.
- My tt m th khng nn dng la hn t phin d gy r ht ht m lm nght
ng mao.
- lnh km: My nn lm vic nhng khng bnh thng: Do clape bn, vnh,
thng hoc do piston, xilanh mn hay v ng y trong block ty nguyn nhn m sa
cha.
- T khng kn, cch nhit b m hoc thng ty nguyn nhn m x l.
b. T mt lnh hon ton:
- T ht gas.
- Khc phc ch r ri np li gas
- Tt ng mao.
- Tt phin lc.
- H hng bn trong.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG
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Page 21
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TTSC LNH DN DNG
2. ng c my nn khng lm vic:
- Khng c in vo.
- ng c hng.
- My nn hng.
- Np qu nhiu gas nn my khng khi ng c Ty theo m x l.
3. Nhng h hng khc:

- R in ra v v cc chi tit kim tra hp u dy, cng tc, ui n,
thermostat, relay khi ng vbo v, t.
- My lm vic n chnh my cho ng v tr, hoc do my nn qu ti, cc b
phn, c cu khng c neo gi c nh hp l nn b rung t v cc b phn khc.
- My chy lin tc kim tra thermostat, v tr t my lm vic v ngng khng
ng theo quy lut: Do tt m, relay bo v ct, nhit tng nn li thng mch, do cm
khng cht, tip xc khng tt, thermostat h hng.
- Relay bo v hot ng lim tc: Coi li in p, chng loi relay, ng c my
nn.
- T lnh tiu th nhiu in do gii nhit khng tt, t t gn ngun nhit, cch
nhit km, in p cao v thp, cng sut lnh gim, t nhiu sn phm ty cch x
ly.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 22
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* BNG TM TT CC H HNG THNG GP TRONG T LNH GIA NH:
ho Triu
chng
h hng
My
nn
kh
ng
lm
vic
My nn vn chy nhng t
lm vic khng bnh thng
Rle Ther
Nhng
bo most
h hng
at
v
khc
hng hng
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
S vo t b git.
T chy tn in.
ng sng v t pha sau.
T lnh chy khi Thermostat s ln.
Thermostat t ngt my.
Rle bo v ng ngt lin tc.
Rle bo v ngt.
My nn kh khi ng.
May lm vic n.
My nn chy, dng khng theo quy lut
My chy lin tc.
Tuyt bm khng u dn lnh.
Dn lnh t bm tuyt.
Tuyt bm nhiu dn lnh.
Mt lnh.
Km lnh.
C in vo hp ni dy ng c.
h hng
Khng c in vo hp ni dy ng c.
Cc triu
chng
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Nguyn nhn
1. Ht ga.
2. Thiu ga.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 23
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3. Tha ga.
4. Tc ng mao.
5. Tc m.
6. Tc phin hon
ton.
7. R u cm
thermostat
8. Lp u cm
khng ng

9. Thermostat
khng ng

10. RLK khng

ng.
11. RLK khng

ph hp.
12. RLK u
sai.
13. RLK hng,

tip xc ti.
14. T hng.
15. Lc hng, kt,

ma st ln

16. Chp vng

dy ng c.
17. R in ra v
ng c.
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 24
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
18. Ting ku l
trong lc.
19. Gi lc
khng tt.
20. Chy dy
qun ng c.
21. Hng clap.

22. in p thp
qa.

23. in p cao
qa.
24. Mt in li.
25. R in t cc
u dy.
26. Mt tip xc.

27. Tuyt bm
qa dy.
28. Cch in b
m.
29. Ca t khng
kn.
30. Np sau dn
lnh b h
31. Ca t ng
n vn sng.
32.Nhit
khng kh cao,

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

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Page 25
TTSC LNH DN DNG
GVHD:V ANH HO
khng thong.
33. Vt gi dn
ngng lng.
34. Dn ngng
bn.
------------------------------------------
NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

NGUYN TN TNG
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Page 26

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Cm nang

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

2.PHNG PHP THC HIN

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

3.KIM TRA LC.

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

BI 2: LM SCH DN NNG V DN LNH

TTSC LNH DN DNG

Thc hin hn ni h thng theo s sau.

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

II.PHNG PHP THC HIN.

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

II.PHNG PHP THC HIN

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

BI 7:NHNG H HNG CCH SA CHA

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

II. NHNG H HNG V CCH SA CHA

TTSC LNH DN DNG

3. Nhng h hng khc:

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG

TTSC LNH DN DNG

* BNG TM TT CC H HNG THNG GP TRONG T LNH GIA NH:

ng sng v t pha sau.

T lnh chy khi Thermostat s ln.

Thermostat t ngt my.

Rle bo v ng ngt lin tc.

My nn chy, dng khng theo quy lut

My chy lin tc.

Tuyt bm khng u dn lnh.

Tuyt bm nhiu dn lnh.

NHM 2: TRN HU HNG