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1.4 .
S.I. (C).
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(+1,61019 C) (1,61019 C).
(1,61019 C) .
1.5 [ ] , (1) (2),
(3) , (4), .
(5) +1,61019 C, (6) 1,61019 C.
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1.7 :
i. 0 C
ii. 4 1019 C
iii. 16 1019 C
iv. 2 106 C
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i. 0 C,

(= )

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4 10 -19
ii. 4 10 C,
=
= 2,5 (, , )
1,6 10 -19
16
-19
16 10
iii. 16 1019 C,
= 10 (, , )
1,6 10 -19
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5
2 10
iv. 2 106,
= 106+19 = 1,25 1013 (, , )
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1,6 10 -19
19

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1.8 3,2 C. : 1 C = 106 C = 1,61019 C.

n , q Q.
3,2 10 6
Q = n q, n = Q =
= 2 10 6+19 = 2 1013
19
q

1,6 10

1.9 [ ] (1): , (2)

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1.12 [ 8, .29 ]
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1.13 [ 8, .30 ]
2 C 3 C .
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i. 2 C 2 C,
ii. 1 C 4 C,
iii. 5 C 1 C,
iv. 3 C 3 C,
v. 3 C 2 C
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q2

1 2
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q q
F = k 1 2 2
r

k .
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2
S.I., , k = 9109 N m
2

q1

q2

1.20 [ 12, .32 ]

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1.21 [ 1, .32 ]
2 m 1 C +4 C, .
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q1
k = 9109 m2 /C2 1 C = 106 C.
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:
F = k

q1 q2
r2

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6
6
12
F = 9109 1 10 42 10 = 9109 4 10 = 91091012 = 9103

q2


1.22 [ 2, .32 ]
24 cm. , 0,036 .
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0,036
0,004

= 9 .

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3 24 cm = 72 cm.
1.23 .
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1.1 .
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1.2 .



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1.4 .
1.5 [ ] , _________ (1) _________ (2),
_________ (3) , _________ (4), .
_________ (5) +1,61019 C, _________ (6) 1,61019 C.
, _________ (7).
_________ (8) _________ (9),
. _________ _________ (10).
1.6 , .
1.7 :
i. 0 C
ii. 4 1019 C
iii. 16 1019 C
iv. 2 106 C
6
19
1.8 3,2 C. : 1 C = 10 C = 1,610 C.

1.9 [ ] _______ (1): , _______ _______ (2)

. ________ (3) ________ (4) ,
_________ (5) . _________ (6) (+q, q), ________ (7)
1.10 [ ] ________________ (1): ________________ (2) ,
________________ ________________ (3) . ,
________________ (4), ________________ (5). , .
________________ (6) (+q, q), ________________ (7).
1.11 [ ] _______ (1): ,
_______ _______ (2) . ________ (3) (q1, q2),
________ (4).
, ________ ________ (5) ,
. , _________ (6),
. , _______ (6) (+q1, +q2), _________ (7).
1.12 8 .30
1.13 8 .30
1.14 .
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1.16 : , , (), , , ,
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1.20 12 .30
1.21 1 .32
1.22 2 .32
1.23 .