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Tom Tat Luan An Tieng Viet
Tom Tat Luan An Tieng Viet
TRNG I HC M A CHT
PHM DON MU
H NI 2014
Cng trnh hon thnh ti: B mn Trc a cng trnh, Khoa Trc a,
Trng i hc M - a cht
M U
1. Tnh cp thit ca ti
Trong nhng nm gn y cng ngh GPS c ng dng rng ri
trong sn xut trc a - a hnh, y l cng ngh o c tin tin, rt thun
li trong cng tc xy dng cc mng li khng ch trc a. Cng ngh
GPS c nhiu tim nng thnh lp li khng ch chuyn dng trong kho
st, thi cng v vn hnh cc cng trnh k thut.
nc ngoi c nhiu cng trnh nghin cu c cng b v ng
dng cng ngh GPS thnh lp cc mng li trc a chnh xc cao, trong
c li quan trc chuyn dch bin dng cng trnh. Tuy nhin, Vit
Nam vic ng dng cng ngh GPS vo mc ch quan trc bin dng cng
trnh vn cha c cp tha ng trong cc nghin cu khoa hc cng
nh trong ng dng thc t.
Trong bi cnh nu trn, ti: "Nghin cu ng dng cng ngh
GPS trong quan trc bin dng cng trnh thu in Vit Nam" c t
ra nhm xc nh cc lun c khoa hc v thc tin ca vic ng dng cng
ngh o c v tinh ni chung, cng ngh GPS ni ring trong quan trc bin
dng cng trnh thy in trong iu kin Vit Nam. Kt qu ti cho php
nng cao hiu qu kinh t v k thut ca cng tc quan trc bin dng cng
trnh.
2. Mc ch, i tng v phm vi nghin cu
- Nghin cu, nh gi kh nng ng dng cng ngh GPS quan trc
chuyn dch ngang cng trnh thu in trong iu kin Vit Nam.
- i tng nghin cu l cc cng trnh thu in Vit Nam, trong
i su nghin cu cng tc quan trc tuyn p thy in.
- Phm vi nghin cu ca lun n bao gm: Phn tch l thuyt, kho
st thc nghim ng dng GPS quan trc chuyn dch ngang cc cng
trnh thu in.
3. Ni dung nghin cu
1- Nghin cu c im cu trc v yu cu quan trc bin dng cc
cng trnh thu in. Phn tch, so snh, nh gi cc phng php quan trc
ang c s dng Vit Nam.
CS
1 k
(2.1)
2
- i vi li quan trc:
mq
QT
k .M
1 k
(2.2)
2
QT-01
KC-01
QT-03
QT-02
KC-02
Tn
Chuyn dch
Chnh lch
TT
im
qx
qy
thc t (mm)
(mm)
KC-01
---
---
---
---
im gc
KC-02
-0.6
-0.6
0.8
0.0
0.8
KC-03
-0.6
0.5
0.8
0.0
0.8
QT-01
12.2
-7.1
14.1
15.0
-0.9
QT-02
-0.2
-0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
QT-03
31.3
-5.8
32.7
30.0
2.7
(3.3)
(3.4)
.Sin ik
Sik
aik
.
Cos
ik
ik
Sik
(3.5)
(3.6)
1
PF
(3.7)
(3.9)
(3.24)
R
C T
C X b
0
0 K 0
(3.26)
V xc nh c vector nghim:
X R ~b
(3.27)
Ma trn R~ l mt dng gi nghch o ca R v c th c tnh theo
cng thc:
(3.28)
R ~ ( R CP0 C T ) 1 TP01T
Vi:
(3.29)
T B(C T B) 1
Biu din ma trn B di dng:
T
(3.30)
B B1 B2 B3 ..... Bk
Nu b qua thnh phn cao trong mng li GPS, do trong loi li ny
xc nh c kch thc v phng v nn c th chn cc ma trn con Bi
di dng:
1 0
Bi
0 1
(3.31)
(3.32)
Khi thc hin bnh sai mng li quan trc chu k ang kho st chn
vector ta gn ng l vector ta bnh sai ca chu k gc th vector n
s (X) cng chnh l vector duyn dch ca tp hp im trong li theo cc
hng trc ta . i chiu cng thc (3.32) vi iu kin nh v li
xc nh nh trn s suy ra c cch chn ma trn C nh sau:
C i Bi
- i vi cc im c s n nh
(3.33)
Ci 0
- i vi cc im khc
sai ca li ng vi ma trn nh v C.
Trn c s cng thc 3.44 v cch xc nh ma trn C trong mi ln
nh v li thu c biu thc tnh chuyn ta bnh sai gia cc phng
n chn iu kin nh v khc nhau nh sau:
1- Tnh chuyn ta ca cc im trong li (gm n im c s) t
ch FIX 1 im gc v li t do vi C B :
x i( 2 ) xi(1)
y i(2) y i(1)
n
y
(3.35)
y (2)
k 1
yt
y (1)
k 1
(3.36)
Tnh chuyn ta
Tnh lch ta
FIX 1 im gc
theo trng tm CK 1
( qx, qy, q)
Ci = 0
im i
q t.mq ?
khng n nh
Kt thc
cos B0
sin L0
cos L0
0
cos B0cosL0
cosB0sinL0
sin B0
(3.40)
0
A2T P2 A2 X 2 A2T P2 L
A2 P2 A1
(3.44)
0
;
Q2
Q2 10m.E
(3.45)
(3.46)
b j (i ) b j (i 1) pi aij li ; ( j 1 K )
X Q.b ;
(3.47)
X X0 X
- nh gi chnh xc:
T
V1T PV
1 1 V2 PV
2 2
;
3N GPS N MD -K
mF QF
(3.48)
Nhp d liu
Lp h phng trnh
s hiu chnh i vi cc tr o
In kt qu
Kt thc
QT-05
MM-28
MM35
MM-14
MM-20
MM15
MM-16
MM22
MM-21
QT-03
QT-06
qy y2 y1
(4.2)
q qx 2 q y 2
(4.3)
Bng 4.8: So snh kt qu tnh chuyn dch theo cng ngh GPS v o mt t
S
TT
Tn
im
MM-14
MM-16
MM-20
MM-21
MM-22
MM-28
MM-35
Phng
Chuyn dch q v lch q (mm)
Php o Theo trc OX Theo trc OY
Ton phn
qx
qx
qy
qy
q
q
GPS
M
GPS
M
GPS
M
GPS
M
GPS
M
GPS
M
GPS
M
-10.0
-7.8
-6.0
-5.0
-7.0
-5.2
4.0
2.6
1.0
1.7
2.0
1.9
-1.0
-0.6
-2.2
-1.0
-1.8
1.4
-0.7
0.1
-0.4
-1.0
-0.4
-4.0
-6.4
0.0
1.1
3.0
1.6
3.0
2.3
7.0
7.1
4.0
3.1
-0.6
2.4
-1.1
1.4
0.7
-0.1
0.9
10.0
7.8
7.2
8.1
7.0
5.3
5.0
3.1
3.2
2.9
7.3
7.3
4.1
3.2
2.2
-0.9
1.7
1.9
0.3
0.0
0.9
KT LUN
T nhng nghin cu, kho st l thuyt v ng dng thc tin ca
cng ngh GPS trong quan trc chuyn dch ngang cng trnh thy in,
chng ti rt ra mt s kt lun nh sau:
1. Cng ngh GPS c th ng dng xy dng cc mng li khng
ch trc a mt bng c chnh xc cao. V vy, nghin cu ng dng cng
ngh ny trong cng tc quan trc chuyn dch ngang cng trnh thy in l
cn thit, gip t c hiu qu c v kinh t v k thut.
2. Trn c s phn tch c im thnh lp li quan trc bin dng
cng trnh, trong lun n xut v minh chng tnh u vit ca mng
li GPS mt cp quan trc chuyn dch ngang cng trnh. ra cc bin
php bo m chnh xc ca vic nh v trong qu trnh thi cng li.
3. V cng tc tnh ton x l s liu, trong lun n xy dng thut
ton, quy trnh hp l thc hin cng on phn tch n nh h thng
im mc GPS c s v bnh sai kt hp cc tr o GPS vi tr o mt t.
4. Tc gi lun n th nghim ng dng cng ngh GPS quan trc
bin dng tuyn p nh my thy in Tuyn Quang vi 2 chu k. Kt qu
o c v x l s liu mng li quan trc th nghim minh chng cho
tnh ng n ca cc gii php k thut v thut ton c xut trong
lun n, ng thi chng t kh nng ng dng v tnh hiu qu ca cng
ngh GPS i vi cng tc quan trc bin dng cng trnh thy in.
KIN NGH
1. Trong Lun n mi ch thc nghim quan trc chuyn dch ngang tuyn
p thy in bng phng thc quan trc theo chu k. Trong thi gian ti, cn
tip tc nghin cu ng dng cng ngh GPS quan trc bin dng theo hng
lin tc c th theo di s vn ng ca cng trnh, nht l i vi nhng
cng trnh c bit nhy cm vi cc nguyn nhn gy bin dng.
2. Trong Lun n cng mi ch cp n vic ng dng cng ngh GPS
quan trc chuyn dch ngang cng trnh thy in. pht huy ti a hiu
qu ca cng ngh GPS, cn tip tc nghin cu ng dng cng ngh ny
nng cao hiu qu quan trc dch chuyn cng trnh thy in theo chiu thng
ng.