Osmoregulation

Continuous diffusion of water

into the cell by osmosis
The environment is hypotonic
than the cytoplasm of the cell
The control of water balance in
the cell is aided by contractile
vacuole.
Contractile vacuole
accumulates excess water,
periodically contract to expel
the water through plasma
membrane.

Mitochondria

Sperm cell
Contain high density of
mitochondria
Requires energy:
1. Propel themselves towards the
uterus and Fallopian tube
2. Fertilise ovum during
fertilisation.

Meristematic cells

Contain high density of

mitochondria
Requires energy:
1. Undergo active cell division

Red Blood Cells

1.
2.

Doesnt have nucleus

Flat & biconcave shape
Increases surface area of the cell
Enables oxygen to diffuse into the
whole cell at a faster rate
3. Elastic
Squeeze easily through blood
capillaries smaller than
themselves.
4. haemoglobin