Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 20

Vol: 6,, No..

(9) March, 2010


twG(J 6)/trSw(f 9) rwf v 2010
H
atmufpzdk@wuUodkvfrSm a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk *k%fjyK
;o f rwf
w
a ;f vu ”
;kH . v
i rf mS
f v ,ef 0D wf
u ikd ;f q
r
9
r w “=u &% k ;kH / o &uf
t f e*d D
p Gr f ; % 2010
f
q i f v
zu m
ar RFA

,ck v rS m zwf p &m- 'gawG y goAsm


uAsm – pm 3 rS 8
axmif'%f (5)ESp/f bwf(1)ode;f eJ@
qENjyyGJ
ck v d k rwf v 2-&uf a e@u
rqk w f w rf ; ravsmh w rf ;
vl e S p f a xmif a usmf & J h w k d u f y G J
rwfv 8 &uf rae@u edik if wH um trsK;d orD;rsm;ae@ txdr;f trSwt f aeeJ@ atmufp
eH & H u yf u Asm zd@k wuUov
kd rf mS a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J jrefrmtrsL;d orD;awGukd *k%jf yKwJh tpDtpOf usi;f ycJh
aoG ; opf a vmif ; yG J ygw,f? ppftpd;k &tkycf sKyfra_ tmufrmS trsK;d orD;tcGithf a&;awG zdEydS f csL;d azmufcaH e&wJt
h
jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; od a pa=umif ; a=umif; 'Dtcrf;tem;rSm t"du wifjyaqG;aEG;cJh=uw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f?
pm 9-11
a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf jrefrmtpkd;& a&$;aumufyGJ trsm;,Hk=unfedkifr_ rpPwm befuDrGef; pkd;&drf

pmrsuf E S m (18)od k @ æ

xkdif;edkifiHtwGif;vHk+cHK pdwfcspGm (rwfv 9-&uf 2010 RFA)


tvkyfvkyfekdifa&;twGuf t}uHjyK ukvor*~ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf rpPwm befuDrGef;u jrefrm
onfh tdwfzGifhpm tpkd;& jyKvkyfrJh a&G;aumufyGJ[m trsm; vufcH,Hk=unfedkifr_eJ@ ywf
oufv@dk pk;d &drf ylyefp&m jzpfaea=umif; a&;om;xm;wJh pmw apmifudk
aqmif;yg;-pm 12 rS 16
vGecf w
hJ hJ 10 &ufu Akv d cf sKyfrLS ;}uD; oef;a&$xH ay;yk@d cw hJ ,fv@dk rwfv
tvkyof rm;awmfveS af &;rSonf
vlxt k a&;awmfyo kH @kd 8 &uf wevFmae@u ajym=um;vku d yf gw,f? jrefrmedik if t H ajctaeeJ@
owfuiG ;f ywfoufv@dk u|eaf wmf txl;teD;uyf apmif=h unfh avhvmaecJyh gw,f? Akv d cf sKyfrLS ;}uD; oef;a&$xuH dk
vGr;f rdygao;onf vGecf w
hJ hJ 10 &ufu u|eaf wmf a&;om;ay;yk@d vu dk w
f hJ pmxJrmS tpk;d &&Jh 'Dru dk a&pD jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;
('Dru
kd a&pDacwfq)D vkyif ef;awG wk;d wufr_ r&Sw
d thJ ay: pk;d &drpf &m jzpfaew,fv@dk azmfjyvku d yf gw,f?
owif ; ES i f h umwG e f ; - pm 16 rS 20 pmrsuf E S m (18)od k @ æ

ESTABLISHED SINCE AUGUST, 2005
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345

" 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345

Š
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345 The Thought
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
&
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
Writting Of Editor
zuf q pf a e0if ; -'k w d , t}ud r f tm%mod r f ; aomae@/ ed k i f i H w um trsKd ; orD ; rsm;ae@/
jref r mjynf v l @ tcG i f h t a&;ae@/ zuf q pf a wmf v S e f a &;ae@ES i f h
jynfolvlxk

“rwfv”onf jrefrmjynftwGuf awmfveS v f wpfv[k qd& k avmufonf? “rwfv 2-&uf”ae@onf rdrw d @kd
jrefrmjynftwGuf uHq;k d rd;k arSmifusc&h J aom 26-ESp=f um ppftm%m7Sipf epf. tpjyK&mae@wpfae@jzpfonf? ppftyk pf o k nf
1958-ckepS u f wpf}udrf (tdraf pmift h pd;k &tjzpfAv kd af e0if;u OD;aqmif+yD;) tm%modr;f cJ+h yD;aemuf tm%m. t&omudk
aumif;pGmESpf+cdKuf=uvsuf (1962)ckESpf rwfv 2-&ufae@Y 'kwd,t}udrf tm%modrf;cJhjcif;jzpfayonf?
Ttm%modr;f cJo h nfh ae@ (rwfv 2-&uf)ae@uykd if usuo f a&r*Fvmuif;rJrh u _ kd tpm;xd;k onft h aejzifh r*Fvm&Sad om
“awmifov l ,form;ae@tjzpf” zefw;D wnfaqmufcjh Jcif;jzpfonf? rnfo@k dqak d p rwfv 2-&ufae@onf zufqpfae0if;.
ppftm%m&Sipf epf pwifoaE<wnfc& hJ mae@wpfae@ tjzpf rdrw d @kd u trSww f &&Sad e=urnfjzpfonf?
“rwfv 8-&uf”ae@onf “edik if w H um trsK;d orD;rsm;ae@”jzpfonf? trsK;d orD;tcGit h f a&;twGuf oD;jcm;qefqef
zefw;D wnfaqmufjcif;rjyK=uyJ vl@tcGit h f a&;wnf;[laom rlabmif}u;D twGi;f rSmyif tydik ;f wpfyik d ;f tjzpf &,loifyh ga=umif;
t}ujH yKvdak yonf?
“rwfv 13-&uf”ae@onf jrefrmjynfv@l tcGit hf a&;ae@jzpfayonf? (1988)ckepS w f iG f &efuek pf ufr_ wuUov kd f
ausmif;om; Adv k zf ek ;f armfEiS hf Advk pf ;kd edik w f @kd ESpOf ;D udk xdpk Ofu wpfygwDtm%m&Sit f pd;k & vufuikd w f wk rf sm;u t=urf;
zufowfjzwfc& hJ mrS Advk zf ek ;f armf ta&;awmfyakH y:ayguv f mcJ& h ayonf? Adv k zf ek ;f armf ta&;awmfykH (1)ESpjf ynfu h mv
jzpfaom (1989)ckepS f rwfv (13)&ufae@ tcrf;tem;wGif a':atmifqef;pk=unftygt0if ekid if aH &;acgi;f aqmifrsm;
tqdjk yKcsut f & (jrefrmjynf vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@)[lI ay:ayguv f mcJ&h ayonf? jrefrmjynfwiG f vl@tcGit hf a&; qdwo f Ok ;f
cJo
h nfrmS (1962)ckepS f rwfv (20)&ufae@ Adv k af e0if; ppftm%m&Sif tpd;k & wufvmcsed rf S pwifchJ ojzifh ,ae@qykd gv#if
ESpaf ygi;f (48)ESpf wif;wif; jynfah jrmufcahJ y+yD?
“rwfv 27-&uf”ae@onf (1945)ckEpS f wdu k yf 0JG ifcahJ om vlrsK;d aygi;f pH/k bmomaygi;f pHk jrefrmjynfov l x
l }k uD;.
(zufqpfawmfveS af &;ae@) yifjzpfonf? Tonfukd ppfwyfuom zufqpfuakd wmfveS cf o hJ nf[k t"dyg̀,o f ufa&mufae
aom wyfrawmfae@tjzpf ppftm%m&Siw f @kd u owfrw S x f m;=uayonf? zufqpfawmf vSeaf &;ae@ udk zufqpfawmf
vSeaf &;ae@[k todtrSwrf jyK&Javmufatmif aoG;a=umifae=uaom ppftm%m&Sif vlwpfpt k m; vlrsKd;aygif;pH/k
bmomaygi;f pHk jrefrmjynfov l x
l wk pf&yfv;kH u vlxt k iftm;jzifh qufvufI awmfveS w f u kd yf 0JG if=u&ayrnf?

*** jynfolrygæ t&m&m æ bmqdkbmrS r+yD;Edkifygæ?


*** jynfolonfomæ tc&mæ t&m&mudkajymif;vJEdkifonfæ?
*** cGeftm;r#a0æ 'dk@wawGonfæ rvGJraoG/ jynfolawGtwGufæ?
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif E S i f h bavmh * f

jrifw,f/ 'd@k odw,f/ 'd@k jrifw,faemf


igwd@k tawG; b,favmufrrJG aJG ygh
a&G;aumufy[JG m “acG;cavmufqw JG yhJ ”
JG qdw
k mavmufawmh
odwmaygh ighv&
l mæ? ?

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (2)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

ck v d k rwf v 2-&uf a e@u oDa&;oD&m= uAsmpmrsufESm


vlx& k @J wcH g;/ ydw
f I f oGm;
ppfum;awGe@J eif;cJw h ,fæ?
The Poems
ppfaoG; ppfrmef/ ppftvHawG Xmeqdkif&m tm;vHk;yæ?
0JysjH rL;=uG aecJw h ,fæ? acgif;r=uGESifh
vlx& k @J yg;pyf/ aoewfusnq f ef? ajymif;0rSm toufaor,f
vlx&
k @J rsupf /d vGwv f yfpmG jrifciG rhf &S?d ppfa'oawG zGihf
vlx&k @J em;/ vGwv f yfpmG =um;cGirhf &? ppftyk cf sKyfa&; t&Sed jf rSihf
vlx& k @J ajcvuf/ csK;d zsuaf csre_ ;f ? ppfwyfu Adkvfvkyf

wifrdk; (2-rwf 1999? t*F gae@ eHeufcif;)


vlx& k @J tcef;u¾/ vH;k 0aysmufq;kH ? ppfwyfu tkyfcsKyfr,f
vlx&k @J ESv;kH / Ake;f ESihf azmufc?JG aemufqw k =f u vlxk
aoG;&J&æ J ? ppftyk pf k ppftoH
ppftm%m ppf[efcsnf; jzpf&r,fæ?
tjrpf tjrGmtxd wG,u f yf ppfoHcGm zdeyfatmuf
aoewfonfom ocif jym;jym; rarSmufor#
vlxu k aus;u|e?f ig;yg; arSmufoGm;ap&r,fæ?
&Spfav;vHk;u/ &kef;IxJ 'Drdkua&pD tiftm;pkudk
aoG;p&J&J/ wHk;vHk;vJ tjrKaw oaE<om;u tp
wdkufyGJ tqHk;rowfedkifao;æ? zsufcs acsr_ef;ypf&r,fæ?
ppfbk&ifrsm;/ wefcdk;xGm; acgif;aqmifqdk&if acgif;jzwf
vrf;wHwm;azmuf;/ olwdk@av#muf ppfzdeyfeJ@ eif;ypfr,fæ?
ajrmuf=uG ajrmuf=uG/ wefc;dk jy ae0if;zufqpf/ rsKd;qufopfarG;
olc;kd ajreJ@ wlwhJ ppftpd;k &æ? vlxkaoG;udk
ukefaps;E_ef;}uD;/ -0rf;rD;avmif+rdKuf udk,favG;aomufrsKd/ orkdif;tdk+yD
rD;avmifwdkuf? ckvdkrwfv 2-&uf/ 62-ckeSpfuæ?
tusifhpm&dwW usm;tdkuarG; usm;ysKduav;wdk@
bufpHku ysufukef=u 'd@k aoG;aomufq/J ajrmufqyJ ifæ? ?

rqkwfwrf; ravsmhwrf;
atmifjrifr_ yef;wkdifa&mufzdk@ iwfrao &dak pawmh &ufawGb,favmuf
avSsmufvSrf;wJh ta&;awmfyHk wudk,f&nf cHpm;csufudk csKd;zsuf apmifh&apmifh&
ta&;awmfyHk atmifzdk@xuf yef;wkdif yGifh=ubdk@ cHpm;r_a0'emawGvnf;
nDnGwfr_u ta&;}uD;qHk; cHedkif&nfpGrf;eSifh ay;qyf rajymawmhyg
b,fvkd atmifyrJG qdk t&ifvdk oabmxm; 'gæ
nDnGwfr_u oGm;cJh&wm 'grS r[kwf wdk@awGavSsmufaomvrf;…²²?
wef&mwefa=u; r&ao;orSs 'Dxufqdk;vmonfbJjzpfjzpf
xrif;ESifha& Adkufrjynfhav aemufqHk; rd;k ,Hxufvl (KS od;k ar$;puf&/kH rJaqmuf)

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (3)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

“vlepS af xmifausm&f w
hJ u
dk yf yJG J 'gayr,fh oef;ajcmufq,feŒJ wku
d &f u
kd q
f ikd w
f ,f”
'DaeŒar;vfziG w
hf t
hJ cg oli,fcsi;f wpfa,mufu ar;vfuae uAsmav;udk eSv;kH om;eJŒ
zwfygvŒkd rSwrf w
S &f & ay;ydŒk vmw,f? useG rf wu,f0efcyH gw,f? uAsmzwfzwfjy;D jy;D csi;f rsu&f nfusrw
d ,f?
“ tJ'aD e@u vpmESpaf omif;cGt
J wGuyf g ” Ekb
d ,fq&k olxufvnf;omw,f
tJ'aD e@u urBm=u;D twGuo
f mrefae@ygbJ atmfpugq&k cJ@oal wGxufvnf;omw,f
uGseaf wmfb,far@Eidk cf @J rvJæ? tu,f'rD&iS af wGxufvnf; jrif@jrwfyjD yifaecJ@w,f
tJ'aD e@rmS vdi_ o
f m,mrSm qENjyw,f 'gayr,f@ olw@dk av;awGcrsm
'D[mudk t&Si;f qH;k ajym&&if &oif@w@J qt
k m;vH;k eJ@awm@vcJG @J &&Smw,f²… ²?
tjrwfq;kH vlwef;pm;&JΠigrtm;wJ@=um;uae toHwpfo=H um;vku
d w
f ,f
t&d;k qH;k toHxu
G w
f pfcyk gæ? v_id o
f m,mrSm qENjyae=uw,fw@J
'DtxnfcsKyo
f rav;awG&ŒJ idn
k nf;oH rjzpfEidk q
f ;kH yHjk yifwpfy'k jf zpfv@dk
'g[g rif;qk;d rif;npfawGtwGuf taomtax@jyufv;kH jzpfv@dk
i&Jvm;aw;oGm;oHjzpfr,fæ pHv
k ;kH rSw
d if g ,Hv
k @dk jzpfrvm;
vlppfvrl eS af wG&ŒJ 'Dvedk @J
tarmufaxmifweG u
f sL;oHvnf;jzpf w,f²²æ? tJ'u
D ikd ga&muf&o
dS mG ;cJ@w,fæ?
olw@kd av;awGcrsm igomG ;awm@a&mbmjzpfrmS vnf;
ug;caps;wuf&ifvnf;cH&w,f tJ'g[g etzvrf;opfziG @f yq
JG dk igb,fomG ;rvJ
qDaps;qefapswufvnf;cH&w,f Ekid if aH &;ygwaD wG&ŒJ tiftm;jyyGq
J v
dk nf; igb,fomG ;rvJ
b0ysu&f if zmcH&w,fæ olw@dk av;awG[g
cHz@dk oufouf b0xGuv
f m;ovm;vk@d awmif b0ysuu
f aJG eayr,f@
tm;wHŒk tm;emawGryd gw,fæ? rodjcif; a=umuf&ŒHG jcif;=um;rSm
toef@&iS ;f qH;k aiGa=u;udk toHawGww
d q
f w
d af ecJ@w,f
t&if;tES;D t=u;D qHk ay;qyfra_ wGe@J tck yGi@f tmvmcJ@+yaD wmufycwfyiG @f cJ@jyD
olw@dk awGcrsm &SmazGae&Smw,fæ? etztwGuaf wm@ ajcmuftyd rf ufjzpfr,fxifw,fæ?
olw@dk av;awG&ŒJ avmu'HZmwf0if cef;[g txnfcsKyo
f rqkw
d mrod&if aiGEpS af omif;cGu
J akd jy;jrifvdk uf
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (4)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

tJ'aD iG[g 25 a':vmeD;yg;eJ@nrD sS w,f


tJ'aD iG[g b0wpfcpk meJ@nrD sS w,f
tJ'aD iG[g taztku
d kd aus;Zl;qyfaewmeJ@nrD sS w,f
tJ'aD iG[g uav;ausmif;p&dwef @J nrD sS w,f
tJ'aD iG[g urm{}u;D udk t0wf0wfay;aewmeJ@nrD sS w,f
tJ'aD iG[g wDbjD zpfaewJ@armifav;twGuf toufu,faq;vnf;jzpfw,f
tJ'aD iG[g tdwcf stidk Af jDG zpfaewJ@vifom; twGuf qefjyKwaf v;wku
d zf @dk jzpfw,f
tJ'aD iG[m zmrjzpfa&;twGuf *k%o
f u
d mQ eJ@tpmtdr&f ŒJ xGeaf =umif;&mvnf;jzpfw,f
tJ'aD iG[g w&kwjf ynf}u;D csr;f om}u;D yGm;aewmeJ@ nDrsS w,f
tJ'aD iG[g etztmemwnfjraJ ewmeJ@ nDrsS w,f
igw@dk acwfrmS igw@dk acwf&ŒJ &wemrdcifawG
b,favmufb0epfreG ;f cJ@&w,fqw
dk m eJ@ xyfwt
l csKd ;usw,fæ
tJ'w
D pfaomif;cG[
J g olw@dk av;awG&ŒJ wpfvpmjzpfw,f
tJ'aD wm@
tJ'aD iGe@J tJ'o
D rav;awG[g orkid ;f oufaoeJ@nrD sS ae&Smw,f?
'gayr,f@
txnfcsKyo
f rav;awGcrsm
wpfvrSmjrefrmaiGaomif;cGJ
wpf&ufysu&f if wpfaxmifusyjf zwfc&H w,f
ae@x;l ae@jrwf&;kH ydw&f uf vmaemufraeeJ@
aumfzb
D &dwrf &Sb
d ;l
&Dx&dc&D;r&Sb
d ;l
tkid t
f ,fvt
f u
dk rkd odb;l
tvkyo
f rm;tcGi@f ta&;rod&mS bl;
rD;zGm;cGi@f a&SmifwcifciG @f aeraumif;cGi@f
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (5)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

[kwu
f @J &iS f pmtkyx
f rJ mS vk@d awmif tJ'D
olw@dk rif;udjk yefrajzEkid rf mS r[kwb
f ;l b0rk'ed ;f usi@f caH e&wJ@ rde;f uav;awG[g
olw@kd ow
d m wpfvESpaf omif;cGt
J jynf@&a&;æ igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ tem*wfrcd ifawG
olw@dk ow
d m 'Dtvkyaf v;rjyKwaf &;? igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ eSrom;csi;f awG
wpf&ufrmS 9em&D ig@w@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ acGs;pufawG
rwfrwf&yf/ jrefjrefcsKyf/ tckawm@ etz&JŒ,kwrf mr_atmuf
udu
k w
kd &kwjf ynf=u;D twGuf w&kwu
f rk'ed ;f usi@f aumufusprf a_ tmufæ?
tcsed w
f w
dk rdk mS rsm;rsm;xkwzf @dk av olw@dk crsm
uefawm@yg&ŒJ olw@dk Eidk if aH &;vnf;em;rvnf&mS ygb;l
&moDvmwJ@ *Gr;f pxkwaf wmif vpmav;wk;d awmif;wmudk
ol@aygi=f um;uqGrJ xkwt
f m;bl; tajzrndb
S J
olw@dk tvky&f y_ cf @J &&Smw,f? t"du&ke;f acgb%Dwyf=u;D csv
D @dk
atmfæ wpfvwpfaomif;cG&J ,f wyfrawmfomtrd wyfrawmfomtz
ayguaf zmf=u;D vky&f w
J ,f etzaxmufcw
H ,f vl}u;D rif;rsm;cifrsm 0ef;&Hajz&Si;f vku
d yf rkH sm;
'Dtxnfcf sKyo
f rav;awG[g 'kid ;f v$m;um;aoewfrsm;eJ@
igw@dk jrefrmjynf&ŒJ &wemav;awG yg aoG;ajrus&ifaq;zk@d xifyg@
igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ rdcifavmif; awGyg Ekid if w
H umuvSLxm;wJ@
rD;owfum;rsm;awmifygvmygao;ork @d
igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ pufrZ_ KH awG yg
atmfæ vky&f ufayw,fv@dk omæ?
igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ vl@tcGi@f ta &;awGyg
txnfcsKyw
f @J vufyg&iS f
igw@dk widk ;f jynf&ŒJ
wkid ;f jynfzsucf si&f if qlyq
l ENjycsi&f if
acwfrzDS @HG jzKd ;wk;d wufaom a&$jynfawmfomvrf;r=u;D eHab;u
txnfcsKypf uf&akH &SŒrSmvpmwk;d a wmif;jy;D
jrif@jrwfrndKS ;yef;awGyg
tcsed u
f ek cf yH grvm;&Siv
f @dk
tckawm@
olw@dk ajymcGi@f &&if ( vl}u;D rif;wk@d =um;rSmyg )
olw@dk ukd ayguaf zmf=u;D uvkyw
f ,f
em;axmif&zJ @dk om
etzucsKyaf y;w,fæ?
owdcW eG t
f m;arG;xm;=uygæ?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (6)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

aoewf}u;D wug;ug;eJ@ vl}u;D rif;rsm;cifrsm; 'kid ;f v$m;aoewfwug;ug;eJ@v}l uD ;


rif;rsm;cifAsm;æ
olw@dk [m iwfaewmav; }uKd ;nSzd @dk
oHCmawmifowf&o
J cl ifAsm;wk@d twG uf
vcav;wk;d awmif;rdwmygAsmæ?
uGseaf wmfbufrmS wm;p&m pum;rJ@ygw,f
aoewf}u;D wug;ug;eJ@v}l u;D rif; rsm;cifAsm
wpfcb
k aJ wmif;yefygap
olw@dk vpmwk;d awmif;wm[g
olw@dk &mS ae&wJ@ vpmwpfaomif;cGx
J rJ mS
vl}u;D rif;wk@d vl}u;D rif;tcsi;f csi;f
cifAsm;wk@d uw
kd ;dk ay;zk@d xm;wJ @
vpmwk;d ay; roxma&pmwef;nSad &;rSm
vpmav;awGygygw,fæ
tajccHpm;ukef ajAmif;qefuek v
f @dk
uGseaf wmf rsu&f nfawGa0@omG ;/
vpmwk;d awmif;rd&mS wmygcifAsmæ?
touf&a_ wG=uyfomG ;vk@d
olw@kd crsm
tJ't
D a&SŒuaevSn@f jyefvmcJ@vu
dk w
f ,f…
olw@dk crsm; bde;f arSmifcv
dk nf; rul;cJ@ygb;l
aemufae@owif;awGrmS om
jynfyvnf;tm;rud;k +y;D ykqed v
f nf;t&d;k cJ@ygb;l
cifAsm;wk@d qufem;axmifygawm@As mæ? ?
wyfrawmf+zKd cGzJ @dk vnf; tm;rxkwcf @J &mS ygb;l
cifAsm;wk@d em;a&muf+y;D rS r=unf@&uf
wkid ;f &if;om;pnf;vH;k nDnw
G af &; vnf; r+zKd cGcJ @J ygb;l awm@v@dk uGseaf wmfvn S @f jyefvmrdwmudck iG @f
v$wf =uygAsm? ESrwkd@avmufrS aoG;r&J/
wku
d af v,OfawGvnf; 0,fz@dk rpDpOfc@J ygb;l
owdrW &Sw d @J uGseaf wmf[g 'DuAsmav;wpfy'k f
vSsypf pf"mwftm;eJ@ wGi;f xGu&f wemrsm;vnf; a&mif;rxkwEf idk cf @J ygb;l eJ@awm@ cifAsm;wkd@udk *k%fjyKylaZmfyg&ap?
cifAsm;wk@d wk;d vkcd siw
f @J vpmav;rsm;vnf;
xrif;eyfrzDS @dk ta&; &oif@&ufr&wJ@vpmav; &&SdcHpm;Ekdif =uygapvkd@ 'Dn uGsefawmfqk
ESpaf omif;cGu
J ae oH;k aomif;cGjJ zpfa&;awmif;qkd rdwmav;yg awmif;ay;ygw,f ²²? tjird ;f csr;f qH;k w&m;"rR
xGe;f ug;&m uGseaf wmfw@dk widk ;f jynfrmS w&m;rSs
tJ'aD e@uolw@dk vufxrJ mS wr_r&SdqHk; tjzpfysufawG jzpfysuf aewm
rae@nuxrif;=urf;cJe@J yJjyKyfqrD qrf;xnf@xm;wJ@ b,f a wm@rsm;rS q H k ; rS m vnf ; vk d @ vnf ;
a,muFsm;wefrJ@ rsuf&nf0Jrdygw,fAsm²?
xrif;csKd i@f av;bJygygw,f? toef@&iS ;f qH;k ae &mrSm t,kwn f @H q;kH vl awG&dS
tJ'aD e@u olw@dk vufxrJ mS ysuv
f v
k b
k 0wpfpkH aeoa&GŒawm @ cifAsm;wk@d / uGseaf wmfw@dk tm;
vH;k aomolawG&ŒJ b0awG &if; ES;D ysupf ;D ay;&
arSsmv
f if@csurf @J wek w
f ek &f if udik x
f m;wmbJ OD;rSmayg@av²²? Ekid if jH yKopPmjzif@
uGseaf wmfjrifryd gw,f?
tJ'aD e@u olw@dk ta&SŒrSm &Guo
f pf 9/ 2/ 2010
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (7)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

v_difom,mpufr_ZHk qENjyyGJodk@ 'DuAsmav;t+yD;rSm qdkŒepfemusifrlawGeJŒ xyfrsuf&nfusw,f? av;vJ


av;pm;rdw,f? *k%v
f nf; *k%,
f w
l ,f? wku d yf u
JG kd atmifjrifpmG tekid w
f u
kd ef ikd yf gapvdŒk qkawmif;w,f?
wdu
k yf 0JG ifaewJh tpfrawG nDrav;awGtwGuf *k%jf yKuAsmav;udk eSv;kH aoG;eJΠa&;pyfcw
hJ hJ &Guo
f pfuv
kd J wu,fu
h kd
av;pm;rdygw,f? *** rqkreG f ***
&efukefaqmif;&JΠeH&HuyfuAsm 0ifcsnfxGufcsnf
avnSif;wcsufwcsufta0S@rSm usifhom;&+yD;om;
ydawmuf&eH@vdkoif;aewJh yOPrtdyfrufawG
yef;owif;ygvmcJhw,fæ? Edk;=uGvmae=u?
vuG,fnwdkif; &Gmuav;udkcspfwJh
rdcifrsm;&JŒ h h h a*g*D&JŒtar@om;rsm;aygh
aumif;uifjym}uD;[m armifpdrf;eD&JŒ
ol@&ifcGifrSm rdk;&moDuAsmydkufxJu
va&mifawGxGef;nSdaewkef; vrf;ab;uydwfum;a&SŒrSm
(aqG E d k i f )

aqmif;n&Snfrsm;awmif aq;a&mifpkHrsm;eJ@
vlvm;ajrmufvmcJh=uayghæ? vlxk&JŒ&ifzGifhv$m Zmwfum;
tpdrf;ykyfa&mifrm,mtjynfheJ@ ae@wdkif;jyoaeav&JŒ
rdkwufjcpm;awmtkyf&JΠrD;vSsaH wGvkd h h h
vuf=um;rSm h h h w&dy&f yd f awmufavmifv@kd æ? ?

aoG ; opf a vmif ; yG J


aoG;b%fwu dk rf S aoG; rpif=u,fu
aoG;rdu
k af oG;npf/ azmufxw k yf pfI aoG; yifv,fjrpf/ jynfoel pfvrd hf
aoG;opfavmif;=u/ acwfajymif;=uæ? aoG;ppf aoG;rSe/f aoG;ppfuefawG
aoG;v#aH oG;aumif;/ aoG;rsK;d ajymif;I
aoG;nDaS oG;,kw/f aoG;jynfyyk af =umifh aoG;a[mif;pifr/S aoG;opfvS
csKyfvyk Z f 0D ed /f cE<mtdru f kd t&k%o f pfqD cswD uf=uæ? ?
tcsed rf aD tmif cGpJ w d =f uæ?
wifr;kd (2-rwf 1999/ t*F gae@ eHeufcif;)

rvGr
J aoG jynfoa
l wG twGuf aq;vdye
f J h usef;rma&;
oif}udKuf&ma&G; w&m;r0if a om vl o m;qd k w mr&S d
Foe Our People (JACBA) NO HUMAN BEING IS ILLEGAL.

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (8)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; - od a pa=umif ; (for Our Mingrants)


axmif'%f (5)ESpf/ bwf (1)odef;eJ@ teDa&mif qENjyyGJ
,ckoDwif;ywf xdkif;edkifiH befaumuf+rdK@rSm jyKvkyfr,fh tpdk;&qef@usifa&; vlxkpka0;yGJ}uD;rSm wufa&mufwJh
a&$@ajymif;tvkyf orm;awGudk “axmif'%f (5)ESpf/ aiG'%f bwf (1)odef;txd jypf'%fay;r,fvdk@”
xdkif;tvkyform;0ef}uD;u rwfv 9-&ufae@u ajymqdkygw,f? “tvkyf&Sifvnf; tvkyform;wa,muftwGuf bwf
(1)odef;txd '%f&dkufcH&rSmjzpf+yD; tvkyfvkyf cGifhvufrSwfudk vnf; csufcsif;zswfodrf;cH&rSmjzpfw,f”vdk@ 4if;u ajymqkdygw,f?
(befaumufydk@pf/ rwfv 9-&uf) bmomjyef-ae@opfrD'D,m
a[m'Dowif;udzk wf+yD; “toGm;rawmfwpfvrS ;f ”qdw
k t
hJ wkid ;f xdik ;f tpk;d &qef@usiaf &; vlxpk ak 0;yG(J ac: )teDa&mif &Syt
f uFsD
0wfqENjyorm;awGeJ@ a0;a0;ae=uzdk@ wpHkwa,mufu aiGa=u;ay;+yD;(0g) rufvHk;ay;+yD; qG,fcJh&ifvnf; jiif;y,f=uzdk@ owday;edk;
aqmfyg&apAsKd@æ AsKd@æ AsKd@? jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf&Sm;r_ aumfrwD
a&$Œajymif;tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf xkid ;f edik if t H wGi;f vH+k cKH pdwcf spmG tvkyv
f yk ef idk af &;twGuf t}ujH yKonfh tdwzf iG phf m
(av;pm;tyfygaom xdik ;f edik if H 0ef}u;D csKyfcifAsm;§&Si)hf
odk@
av;pm;tyfygaom xdik ;f edik if H 0ef}uD;csKyfcifAsm;§&Sihf
xdik ;f edik if w
H iG f tvkyv
f yk af eonfh jrefrm/ uarBm'D;,m;ESihf vmtdek idk if o H m; (2)oef;ausmo f nf azazmf0g&v D (28)&uf
(2010)ckEpS t f wGi;f tvkyv f yk cf iG hf oufwrf;ESihf ekid if o
H m;pDppfrv _ yk if ef;rvkyef idk yf gu rdrwd @kd edik if rH sm;od@k jyefy@kd c&H rnft
h a&;eSihf
}uHKae&ygonf? txl;ojzifh a&$Œajymif;vkyo f m;pkpak ygi;f . (80-&mckid Ef e_ ;f )ausm&f o dS nfh jrefrmjynfom;rsm;onf ppftpd;k &.
xde;f csKyfra_ tmufY yÉdyuQrsm;ESihf rdcifeikd if . H pD;yGm;a&;,d, k iG ;f vmr_rsm;udk &ifqikd af e&ygonf?
xdik ;f edik if H tdref ;D csi;f edik if rH sm;rS 0ifa&mufvmaom a&$Œajymif;tvkyo f rm;trsm;pkrmS pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;r&Sad omfvnf;
xdik ;f tpd;k &. cGijhf yKcsujf zifh ,m,Dtvkyv f yk u
f ikd cf iG jhf yKxm;onf? 4if;,m,DciG jhf yKcsuo
f nf ESppf Ofoufwrf;wd;k ay;onfph epfjzifh
a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;onf ta&;ygonfh vpf[maeaom xdkif;edkifiH. pD;yGm;a&;udk awmifhwif;ckdifrmaponfudk
todtrSwfjyKonf?
Zefe0g&v
D (19)&ufae@ (2010)ckEpS w f iG f xdik ;f edik if .
H 0ef}u;D tzG@J rS edik if o
H m;pDppfa&;pepfjzifh tvkyf vkycf iG o hf ufwrf;rsm;udk
wdk;jrSifhay;&efqHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwfcJhonf? (2009)ckeSpfY tvkyfvkyfcGifhvufrSwf&&Sdxm;onfh (1²3) oef;ausmf&Sdaom
a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;onf 4if;wdk@. udk,fa&;tcsuftvufrsm;udk 4if;wdk@ ekdifiHtpdk;&xHodk@ (2010)azazmf0g&Dv
aemufq;kH xm;wifoiG ;f +yD; olw@kd rmS (2012)ckEpS f azazmf0g&v D txd tvkyv f yk u
f ikd cf iG hf qufvuf &&S=d urSmjzpf+yD; edik if o
H m;
pDppfa&;rSmvnf; +y;D qH;k rnfjzpfonf? od@k aomf ekid if o H m;pDppfa&;rvkyaf om a&$Œajymif; tvkyo f rm;rsm;eSihf pm&Gupf mwrf;r&Sad om
(1-oef;)cef@rmS rdred ikd if o
H @kd jyefy@kd c&H ekid zf ,
G &f odS nf?
xdik ;f tpd;k &. ta&;}uD;aom a&$Œajymif;vkyuf ikd jf cif;qdik &f m Oya'rl0g'udk usaemfw@kd em;vnfoabmayguyf gonf?
usaemfw@kd uvnf; ekid if rH sm;t=um;enf;vrf;rusaom a&$Œajymif;oGm;vmaer_t[ket f =um; ekid if o
H m;pDppfa&;jyKvkyaf y;onfh
tpDtpOfudktm;ay; ygonf? odk@aomfvnf; usaemfwdk@onf a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;. vl@tcGifhta&;udkumuG,f&ef
a&$Œajymif;r_qikd &f m rl0g'udk ydrk I
kd tav;xm;pDpOfaqmif&u G of ifo h nf[k ,H=k unfygonf? od@k jzpfI tpd;k &tzG@J rS Zefe0g&v
D
19-&ufae@wGif qHk;jzwfcsufcscJhonfh tay:wGif xdkif;edkifiH&Sd a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf vufawG@usr_r&Sdjcif;ESifh
oifwh ifah vsmu f efr_ r&So
d nfuakd wG@&ygonf?

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (9)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

od k @ jzpf y gI atmuf a zmf j yyg ta=umif ; t&mrsm;ud k pmempG m jzif h jyef v nf o H k ; oyf p Of ; pm;ay;yg&ef ta&;w}uD ;
awmif;qdkvkdufygonf? ekdifiHom;pDppfjcif; aemufqHk;owfrSwf&uf/ vkyfief;pOfESifh ekdifiHrS ESifxkwfjcif;æ
* xdik ;f tpd;k &taejzifh (azazmf0g&v
D 28-&ufae@ 2010)ckEpS w
f iG f oufrw S x f m;aom a&$Œajymif;tkvyform;rsm; ekid if o H m; pDppfjcif;
jyKvkyfjcif;ESifh tvkyform;rsm;tm; +cdrf;ajcmufaeonfh 4if;wdk@. ekdifiHodk@ jyefydk@jcif;rsm;tm; csufcsif; &yfpJay;yg&ef?
tvkyform;rsm;vdkufemvkyfaqmif&rnfh a&mufvkeD;aeonfh aemufqHk;owfrSwf&ufESifh jrefrmekdifiHrS tvkyform;rsm;
&ifqkdifae&aom tcuftcJtajctaersm;udk vspfvSL&_vsufekdifiHodk@ jyefydk@cH&rnfh tpDtpOfwdk@rSm tvkyform;rsm;tm;
+cdr;f ajcmufaeonf? tvkyo f rm; trsm;tjym;udk jyefy@kd jcif;jzifh a&$Œajymif;tvkyo f rm;rsm;Y wnfraDS eaom pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;udk
omxdcdkufepfemaprnfjzpfonf? TaemufqHk; owfrSwf&ufonf tvkyform;rsm; (odk@)tvkyf&Sifrsm;udk TekdifiHom;pDppfa&;
tpDtpOftm;yg0giv f yk af qmifapvdrrhf nfr[kwo f uJo h @kd ekid if o
H m;pDppfjcif;ESihf 4if;. &&Srd nfh tusK;d aus;Zl;rsm;udk today;E_;d aqmf&ef
vHkavmufaom tcsdeftwdkif;twmwpfckr[kwfyg? usaemfwdk@ vufcH&&Sdaom tpD&ifcHpmrsm;t& tvkyform;rsm;onf
TtpDtpOftay: &_yaf xG;r_&+dS yD; aemufq;kH owfrw S &f uftwGuv f nf; pd;k &drrf &_ adS eygonf? od@k jzpfI tcsKŒd tvkyof rm;rsm;rSm xdik ;f edik if YH
qufvufaexdik ;f ekid &f ef ekid if o
H m;pDppfr.
_ jznfph uG &f efypkH w
H iG f rSm;,Gi;f aom owif;tcsut f vufrsm;udk jznfph u G =f uygonf? xd@k a=umifh
a&S Πquf I Tvk y f a qmif r _ t pD t pOf t m; atmif j rif r _ & S d a p&ef nS d E _ d i f ; &ygrnf ? tcsKd Πaom a&$ Πajymif ; tvk y f o rm;rsm;rS m
edkifiHom;pDppfjcif;udk a&SmifvGJekdif&ef arSmifcdkpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif 0ifa&muf&efjyifqifvsuf&Sdygonf?
* xdkif;tpdk;&taejzifh yGJpm;rsm;/ a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;ESifh tvkyf&Sifrsm;twGuf ekdfifiHom;pDppfa&;vkyfaqmifay;ae r_ rsm;udk
xdef;nSday;oifhygonf?
edkifiHom;pDppfjcif; vkyfay;aom yGJpm;rsm;tm; rxdef;nSday;ekdifygu rormaom yGJpm;vkyfief;eSifh a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;tm;
ekdifiHom;pDppfa&;twGuf ukefusr_rsm;udk yHkrSefxufydkI ukefusjcif; acgif;yHkjzwftjrwfxkwfcH&jcif;wdk@udk xGufay:vmapvdrfhrnf?
yGJpm;rsm;vuf&Sd awmif;cHaom ukefusp&dwfrsm;xuf ododomomavsmhenf;onfh ukefusaiGudk awmif;qdkap&ef csKyfudkifay;jcif;/
xkdif;tpdk;&taejzifh ekdifiHom;pDppfr_yGJpm;vkyfief;tm; tvkyform;a&;XmewGif rSwfyHkwif&eftwGuf vkyfaqmifoifhygonf?
a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;ESifh tvkyf&Sifrsm;onf ekdifiHom;pDppfjcif;udk vHk+cHKr_&Sd+yD; udk,fwkdifvkyfaqmif&ef xda&mufaom
vrf;nGefr_ay;jcif;odk@r[kwf aps;E_ef;t+ydKiftqdkifjzifh yGJpm;vkyfief;rsm;udk vGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fekdfif&ef aqmif&Gufay;oifhygonf?
* xdkif;tpdk;&taejzifh jrefrmtpdk;&ESifh nSdE_dkif;+yD; ekdifiHom;pDppfjcif;udk xdkif;edkifiHtwGif;Yom vkyfaqmifedkif&efæ
ekdifiHom;pDppfjcif;vkyfief;tm; ydkrdkvG,ful&Sif;vif;&efESifh jrefqefap&ef/ rvdkvm;tyfaom ukefusr_rsm;oufomap&ef/
a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;. ab;uif;vHk+cHKr_ESifh tjcm;aom a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;tm;vnf; TtpDtpOfwGifyg0if&ef
wGef;tm;ay;ekdifjcif;wdk@a=umifh xdkif;ekdifiHwGif;Yom ekdifiHom;pDppfjcif;udk jyKvkyfay;oifhygonf?
* tvkyo f rm;0ef}uD;XmerS wkid ;f &if;om; bmompum;aygi;f pHjk zifh ekid if o
H m;pDppfa&;udpt
P a=umif;eSihf tusK;d cHpm;cGirhf sm;udk tvky&f iS /f
tvkyform;rsm;odatmif a&;om;jzef@jzL;oifhygonf? a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;eSifh qufpyfonfh tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. tultnD
t}uHjyKcsufrsm;,loifhygonf?
a&$Œajymif;vkyfom;rSwfyHkwifjcif;æ
* xdkif;tpdk;&rS a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;tm;vHk; a&$Œajymif;tvkyform; rSwfyHkwifekdif&ef tcGifhxyfrHay;apvdkygonf?
rSwfyHkwifrvkyf&ao;onfh tvkyform;rSwfyHkwifxm;ol. rdom;pkrsm;ta&twGuf (1)oef;ausmf&SdonfhtwGuf rSwfyHkwifcGifh
topfudk pDpOfay;vdkygonf? 4if;aemuf xdkolrsm;tm;vHk; ekdifiHom;pDppfa&;vkyfief;pOfwGif 0ifcGifhjyKapvdkygonf?

t"rR tvkycf idk ;f apjcif;æ


* tvkyfvkyfcGifhvufrSwfudkifaqmifol a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;udk vGwfvyfpGmtvkyf&Sifajymif;a&$ŒcGifhay;jcif;jzifh zdESdyfcH&jcif;ESi

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (10)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
fh t"rRtvkyfcdkif;apcH&jcif;wdk@rS umuG,fay;oifhygonf?
0ef } uD ; tzG J . aemuf q H k ; xk w f j yef o nf h qH k ; jzwf c suf w G i f tvk y f & S i f a jymif ; cG i f h u d k uef @ owf x m;ojzif h zd E S d y f r _ E S i f h
t=urf;zufr_rsm;jzpfay:ekdifygonf? tvkyform;wdk@. vlaer_edrfhusapekdif+yD; t"rRtvkyfcdkif;apjcif;abmiftwGif; 0ifoGm;ekdifygonf?
xd k i f ; tpd k ; &rS ek d i f i H w um vl t cG i f h t a&;ES i f h tvk y f o rm;tcG i f h t a&;jzpf o nf h “vG w f v yf p G m tvk y f a &G ; cs,f y d k i f c G i f h ” ud k
csKd;azmufvm=urnfjzpfygonf?
xdkif;ekdfifiHtwGif; a&$Œajymif;vkyfom;pDrHcef@cGJa&;wGif a&$Œajymif;vkyfom;wdk@. tajccHtcGifhta&;udk tav;xm;I
aqmif&Gufapvdkygonf? a&$Œajymif;vkyfom;qkdif&m ay:vpDrsm;udk rSefuefobm0usonfh pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESifh
a&$Œajymif;vkyfom;wdk@. vkyftm;vdktyfcsufrsm;t& pOf;pm;ay;apvdkygonf?
av;pm;pGmjzifh
vufrSwfæææææææææææ
trnfææææææææææææ
rdwLW udk -
OuUX/ ekdifiHjcm;vkyfom;pDrHr_aumfrwD
twGif;a&;rSL;/ trsKd;om;vHk+cHKa&;aumifpD
OuUX/ trsKd;om; vlŒtcGifhta&;aumfr&Sif
tvkyform;0ef}uD;
jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;
edkifiHjcm;a&;&m0ef}uD;
pufr_0ef}uD;
vl0ifr_}uD;=uyfa&;&Hk;OD;pD;t&m&SdcsKyf
OuUX/ txufvGwfawmf tvkyform;eSifh vlr_zlvHka&;&mqyfaumfrwD
OuUX/ atmufvGwfawmf tvkyform;a&;&m qyfaumfrwD
OuUX/ trsKd;om;pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlr_a&;t}uHjyKaumfrwD
yg0ifvufrSwfxdk;onfh taxmuftuljyKtzGJ@rsm; (Support Signatories)

(1) The Human Rights and Development Foundation˜ Thailand (HRDF)

(2) Human Rights Watch˜ New York

(3) American Center for International Labor Solidarity

(4) Action Network for Migrants˜ Thailand

(5) Migrant Working Group˜ Thailand


*** twdck sKyf bmomjyef- FTUB***

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (11)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

vG r f ; rd y gao;on f ('D r d k u a&pD a cwf q D )


aEG*rd meftcgor, waygif; atmif vGrf;armbG,f&m jrifuGif;rsm;ææ? 0ef}uD;rsm;vnf; tvGefynm wwf+yD;
v. tm;&ufwae@ pm;a&;ol. xd@k aemufwiG af wmh “waygi;f v. &ky&f nfcef@jim; x,f0gvyS g.? 0ef}uD;ocif
aetdrf “atmifajrbH& k yd of mav;” wpfaomif;ruaom vufrsm;”jzifh Adkvf wif/ Adkvfcif armifuav;/ OD;ausmf+idrf;/
(bHkqdkifvdk@ rzwfvdkufygeJ@/ bHkqdkif csKyf . zuf q pf a wmf v S e f a &;/ axmif ; v OD;AaqG/ wdkif;&if;om; 0ef}uD;rsm;jzpfwJh
qdw k m t&ufaopma&mif; wJah e&m armif; a=uatmif atmifjrifr&_ cJw h hJ wku d f 0ef}uD; apmpHzdk;oif (tmZmenfae@rSm
yg)rSm wudk,fwnf; ysif;ysif;&d&deJ@ yGrJ sm;/ 1962-ckEpS f rwfv 2-&uf (1323- tmZmenf r jzpf c J h wJ h 0 ef } uD ; ) Ad k v f r S L ;
pma&;pmyGaJ v;cif;/ wufqrfa&'D, d dk ckESpf waygif;v)'Drdkua&pDtpdk;& bbOD;el apm=um'd k ; / csif ; a&;&m 0ef } uD ; ocif
(0ef}uD;csKyf wyfqifeJ@ rSm;rzwf xHu vl,kwfrm Adkvfae0if;/ aoewfjy atmifrif; ponf ponfw@kd &kyyf v kH m$ rsm;
vdu k yf ge@J ) av;zGi+hf yD; “a&$ FM” vdik ;f tm%mod r f ; cJ h y H k r sm;/ ponf / ponf udk pma&;ol. &Hx k rJ mS "mwfykH &du k x f m;
udk uvdvu kd w
f ,fq& kd ifb/J pma&; vG r f ; armbG , f & m tjzpf o epf r sm;awG ; rdyg.?
oltvGe}f udKufwhJ oDcsi;f wpfy'k w f ukd f awm&if;/ 'dk@edkifiH}uD; ckaecgrsm; 'Drdkua&pD ,ckacwf tkycf sKyfaeaom ppf"m;
wkud q f ik d qf ik d f em;axmifvu k d &f wmuæ ppfppf &cJh&if b,favmufaumif;rvJvdk@ jyrsm; acG;bDvl;rsm; &kyf&nfESifh E_dif;vdkuf
“aEGred w f aygif; »»»» ae&deS f wOD;wnf; awG;awmai;armaepOfrSmbJ &ifjzifh a&$cGufESifh *rfzvm;uGmjcm;yg.?
“rsuf0ef;ndK0,f/ 0dkif;rdkqGwfzuf rsuf&nf (*rfzvm;qdkwm ukvm;tac: csD;cHwJh
avmif; »»»» &Guaf [mif;a=uu
G s ajrccJ+h yD
pufwdk@”u wpfpufeSpfpuf usvmrdcJhyg.? cGufygcifAsm)
uG,f»»»»” (w,f- w,f- wl;Awfydk@ &if w G i f ; cH p m;/ pmvH k ; rsm;jzif h aES m if ; vl r[maZmf ausmif;om; aygufp
Awfydk@- Asdef)2 odapzd@k / 'Dru kd a&pD&@J t&omudk cHpm;apcsif b0/ tvGefaysmfp&maumif;vSygonf?
“av&l;okeo f ek »f »»» jrLr_ef vGihf vG e f ; vd k @ ouf } uD ; pum; ouf i ,f = um; xdkpOfu ukefaps;E_ef;rsm;udk tckxdrSwf
eSpfaygif; (50)ausmfu pma&;olwdk@ jrefrm rdaeao;awmh “tHh=oukefedkifbG,f/ uJ
yg; »»»» upm;ysH@ysL;&moDOD;0,f »»»»
jynf}uD;[m 'Drdkua&pDedkifiHjzpfcJhyg.? r,Hkcsifae” oDcsif;awmifowd&ao;.?
=unfel;p&m»»»» 'dk@&Gmzsm;r,f »»»»
'Dru kd a&pDacwf/ ae0if;tpd;k &acwf =unfhyg? qefw+yD ({nfhrx)jym;ajcmuf
}uD ; rm;yif p nf » »»» yG i f h e D v uf y H » »»»
(26)eSpf/ apmarmif/ oef;a&$ awav=urf; q,f/ ipdefqdkwm qef=urf;yg w+yD jym;
0JysHajray: avsmif;pufaysmfw,f»»»»” ydk;rsm;acwf (tckacwf)rsm;udk jzwfoef; 40 q,f/ ykord af y:qef;ar$; w+yD jym; 80
(w,f w,f wl; Awfy@kd Awfy@kd Ased )f 2 cJhjzwfoef;qJjzpf&m tawG@t}uHKrsm;vnf; yg wpf w if ; ud k 12-ausmf a usmf a v;/
pmzwfolrsm; =um;zl;=uyg vdrfh wyHkwyif}uD;&cJhyg.? qDwpf yd\m ESr;f / ajryJ 2-usy/f 0ufom;
rnf? *Dw vkvif tu,f'rD OD;udu k kd a&; +idrf;csrf;om,m jynfawmfomæ 1 yd\m 1-usyf 50 jym;/ tom;csnfh
om;+yD; jrefrmhtoHtzGJ@u oDqdkxm;wJh pma&;ol i,fpOfb0/ 0ef}uD;csKyf ouf ouf 2-usyaf y;&.? aiG 1-usyf
“vuf y H y G i f h a umuf t a&muf v mr,f ” bbOD;el. 'Drdkua&pDacwfygcifAsm;? qDudk ES i f h aps;oG m ;v#if qG J j cif ; tjynf h y gwJ h
oH+ydKifoDcsif;av;/ pmom;uvJaumif; a&csK;d / aq;&d;k rD;v_/H pyg;awG awmifvykd kH qdk acwfyg?
q&mOD;udu k kd vuf&mqdak wmh oHpOfrsm;u wm tJ'Dacwfyg? wu,fyg? tvGefvnf; ynmoifausmif;om;/ ausmif;
vnf ; +rd K if q d k i f v S y gw,f ? vG e f c J h w J h E S p f uav;b0aysmfcJh&.? pmzwfolrsm; r,Hk ol rsm;udk =unfyh g? wae@ rke@f z;kd (2)jym;
(20)ausmfavmuf uwnf;u ckxd &dk;r r&SdygESifh? usaemfwdk@ edkifiHom;rsm;onf yg&if Ad k u f 0 atmif p m;vd k @ &ygonf ?
oGm;wJh obm0udk zGJ@xm;wJh oDcsif;av; xdkpOf u tvGefnDnGwf=uyg.? avmb Avmpmtkyf t&Guf 40-yg wpftyk f jym;
jzpf y gw,f ? pma&;ol o D c sif ; av; em; &rufvnf; tvGefenf;ygonf? bbOD;el 20 q,f/ cJwH (acG;+rD;wdkwHqdyf) wpf
axmif + yD ; wmeJ @ rd e f & moD v waygif ; . onf bmoma&;orm;0ef}uD; csKyfjzpf+yD; acsmif; 10 jym;/ ausmif;pdrf;ykqdk;/ xrD
obm0 tvS E S i f h ajymif ; vJ v maom Oy"d & k y f v nf ; tvG e f u suf oa&&S d v S y g tpdr;f (rmq&ku d f 2»80)ESihf tay:tuFs
acwfumv rsm; &SpfcGifwdkif;r_Hrd_if;aeaom onf? bbOD;el b,favmuf usufoa& DjzLvufwdk 0rf;quf 8-usyfjzpfygonf?
waygif;v obm0tif=uif;yef;av;rsm; &SdwJh&kyf ygenf;? ar;p&m&Sdyg.? edkifiHom; pmoifcef;xJY Adv k cf sKyf "mwfyEkH iS hf ydu
k qf H
yk&pfzl;a0 pnfum aus;iSufom& um wa,muf bbOD;el. rsufESmudk jrifvdkuf wpfusyfygolrSm xdkae@ tzdk@ olaX;av;
rsm;jzif h yeH & vS a om jref r mh & _ a r#mf c if ; onfEiS hf tvdv k akd e&if; vuftyk f cs+D yD;om; jzpfyg.?
yHk&dyfrsm; &aohol awmfpifrsm;awmifrS jzpfomG ; ygonf? tJonf avmuf cef@jim; csOfaygif&Guf/ uefZGef&Guf/ c&rf;
Om%frcdkif/ psmef,dkif avsmus&avmuf usuf o a&&S d y gonf ? tpd k ; &tzG J @ 0if csOfoD; wpfcgcsufqdkwm oifaps;xJrSm
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (12)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
csKd o mpG m ajymawmif ; yg? ay;wJ h o l a wG &0w aumifrsm;ESifhawmh rE_dif;tyfyg?) axmif;xatmif zGmaeyg.?
wyHk}uD;yg? xdkacwfu Tr#avmuf us xl;jcm;onfrSm ppfom;rsm; ol}uD; tdrfr “tar tdraf cgi;f &if;rSm csw d x f m;
aemfwdk@wdkif;&if;om; vlrsKd;rsm;/ pnf;vHk; vm&/ ta=umif;&S&d if olw@kd q&m “wyf=uyf wJh [d-k "mwfyx kH u
J acgi;f aygi;f eJ@ 0 0vl
nDnGwfcJh+yD;/ cifrifp&m tvGefaumif; }uD;”wpfOD;om ol}uD;tdrfvmonf? 4if; }uD;u bmwkef;? rif;om;vm;” vdk@ ar;
cJhyg./ “nDnGwfa&;eJ@ touf&Snf&Snf wyf=uyf}uD;rSm ol}uD;udk jrifwmeJ@ ppfwyf awmh taru usaemfhezl;udk tomt
»»»» cifcifrifrif»»»» vufa&wjyif tav;jyKenf; (qvH)ay;.? ,m acguf &if;æ
wnf ; »»»» a&S ; uawmh yd k c spf = uw,f pma&;ol u tarh u d k a r;&.? “[Jhaumifav;- aygufwwfu
»»»»”qdkwJh oDcsif;twkdif;ygbJæ? “tar Adv k }f uD;u ol}uD;udk qvHay;w,f &awG b,fu rif;om;&rSmwke;f - 'd@k eidk if &H @J
aysmfp&maumif;wJh tarh&Gmav;ææ As/ ol}uD;eJ@ Adv k }f uD;u b,fo}l uD;vd@k v”J vd@k orRw}uD; ref;0if;armif qdkwmtJ'gbJ?
onfacgif;pOfav;&J@ atmufrSm ar;awmh? taru “'dk@ol}uD;u }uD;wm rif ; wd k @ taz ynmtk y f & H k ; oG m ;wk e f ; u
'Drdkua&pDacwf&J@ tkyfcsKyfa&;udk azmfjy aygh[Jhæ tm%m&Sd w,fod&J@vm;? ol}uD; ausmif;tkyq f &mwa,muf wpfy, kH &l r,f
vdu k yf gonf? tarh&mG av;u awmifwiG ;f tdrfrSmajcmufayguf (xdyfwHk;awG rif;rjrif qdkawmh ,l+yD; tdrfrSmcsdwf xm;&wm”
}uD;eJ@ ewfarmuf=um;rSm&Sdygw,f? &GmrSm bl;vm;) olw@kd ppf om;qdw k m 'Dww H m;}uD; [k&iS ;f jy.?
td r f a jc 200-ausmf & S d . ? ysOf ; rem;/ apmifzh @kd tvkyb f J &Sw
d m 'd@k &mG eJ@ bmrSrqdik f usaemf u ar;cG e f ; r&yf a o;yg?
ausmufyef;awmif; rD;&xm;vrf;ab;wGif bl;”wJh ('Dacwf}uD; rSmqdk&ifawmh wpf&Gm “tar ol@emrnfu ref;0if;armifqakd wmh
&Sad om &Gmuav;yg? acsmif;us,u f s,}f uD; vHk;udk 'if;wkd@wawG ppfzdeyfeJ@vdkufeif;rSm bmvlrsK;d wke;f [if;” vd@k ar;awmh taru
udk &xm;jzwf&ef wHwm;}uD; wnfaqmuf rkcs rvGyJ g) wcsK@d ppf om;vli,frsm; &Gmu “[Jæ h olu u&ifvrl sK;d [J”h wJæ h æ?
xm;.? t*FvdyfawG&J@vuf&myg? *syef rdef;uav;awGudk naecsrf; a&cyfvrf;rSm “tar Armjynf r S m bJ [ m-
av,mOfysu H pufaoewfe@J ypfv@kd wHwm; xduyg; &duyg; vkyfv#ifjzifh ol}uD;em; u&if u orR w jzpf & ovm;qd k a wmh ”
}uD; oHaygiaf wG *Hak wGrmS taygu}f uD;awG aygu=f um;oGm;&if rvG,yf g? olw@kd wyf=uyf taru rsufapmif;wpfcsufxdk;=unfh+yD;
xkawmif&Sdaeygao;onf? acsmif;xJrSm }uD;udk ol}uD;u tdraf c:I ta=umif;pHak jym “[Jæ h aumifav;/ u&ifvJ Arm/ ArmvJ
=uufoGefcif;awG rsufaphwqHk;/ tmvl;/ wmeJ@ qm*sif }uD;&J@ vufoD;/ jrnf;p&m u&ifaygh/ 'dk@ AdkvfcsKyfu wkdif;&if;om;awG
ajymif;zl;cif;rsm;jzifh yeH&vS.? rvd/k ppfom;awG&@J rsuEf mS wjyifv;kH ozef; tm;vH k ; [m nD t ud k a rmif e S r awG v d k
wH w m;xyf A d k v f w J r S m wyf & if ; oD;awG pkykH a&muf vmygawmhonf? pnf;pnf;vH;k vH;k / ae=u&r,f? rcGjJ cm;&bl;
(16). wyf p d y f w pf p d y f (ppf o m; 11- (tkycf sKyfa&;pHepf acwf. uGmjcm; vd@kd rSmcJw h m rif;vJausmif;om;bJ? q&m
a,muf)udk wyf=uyf}uD; wpfO;D u tkycf sKyf yHrk sm;rSm ,ckacwfvil ,frsm;twGuf txl; awGu rajymbl;vm;? eife@J pum;ajym&
.? &GmrSm ol}uD;&So d nf? 'Dru kd a&pDo}l uD;yg? tqef;awG jzpfaervm;) pma&;olrmS xdpk Of wm rD;zdkxJ [if;tdk;awmif uyfoGm;o
&Gmtkypf w k pfpv
k ;kH u rJe@J a&G;xm;wJh ol}uD; u uav;b0jzpfyg.? od@k aomfvnf; t&m vm;rodb;l 0if=unfOh ;D rS” qd+k yD; ajymif;zl;
yg? ol}uD;emrnfukd rSwrf ad eygonf? ol}uD; &mudk pl;prf;vdak om pdwu f t+rJ&adS e wwf zufaq;aygvyd yf g;pyfu udu k +f yD; rD;zdak csmif
OD;b&if yg? ao#mifwfpapmif;eSifh tom; ay&m wpfae@ tarhukd ar;&.? xJ 0ifoGm;wJhtaræ
jzLjzLa&$oGm;wpfacsmif; pdkufxm;.? Oy"d taru tdrrf u _ pd t P vkyaf wG+yD; vd@k tarhaemufausmjyifudk=unfh+yD;
&kyfcef@jim;ygonf? ol}uD;rSm taomuf tnmol tnmom;xH;k pHtwdik ;f ajymif;zl; yg;pyf t a[mif ; om;eJ @ xd k i f a erd w mu
tpm;r&S/d taysmt f yg;uif;.? (tckacwf zuf a q;aygvd y f } uD ; ud k rD ; cd k ; w axmif ; usaemfææ? ? (a&S@vqufzuf&ef)
r[maZmf (rauG ; )
(owfuGif;) ausmfol ajcmuf q if I &ef o l u d k trd t &zrf ; qD ; aomuf j yD ; &J & J a wmuf ES d r f e if ; rS & rnf h
&efol²²²? owfjzwfjcif;wdk@ vkyf&ef tcsdefa&mufjyD &efolyifjzpfonf?
tay:u&ef o l u d k atmuf o d k @ jzpfonf? T&efolonf²²²rm,mrsm;onf?
a&mufvmatmifzsm;a,mif;/ atmufu &ef o l w d k @ onf uG s ef a wmf . ypf T&efolonf²²²y&d,m,f=uG,f0onf?
&efoludk tay:odk@a&muf vmatmif jrL rSwftwGif;odk@ a&mufaejyDjzpfonf? uGsef T&efolonf²²²uvdrfuuspfusonf?
qG,f/ t&yf(8) rsufESmu &efolrsm;udk awmfESifh uGsefawmf. aoG;aomufrsm;. T&ef o l o nf ² ²²twW = uD ; onf / &uf p uf
wnf=uufvyk jf yD; usK;H oGi;f / pojzifh ² ² ² tiftm;wpf&yfxEJ iS hf xd&k efow l @kd ukd ESrd Ef iS ;f onf? rdk;vHk;jynfhrkom0g'oHk;onf/ aoG;
zsm;a,mif;jcif;/ jrLqG,jf cif;/ usKH ;oGi;f jcif;/ Ir&? trsm;tm;/ jynfo@l tm;ESihf wufnD xd k ; wwf o nf / oyf & _ d w wf o nf / t
rd _ i f ; wd k u f j cif ; / acsmif y d w f j cif ; / axmif vuf n D pnf ; vH k ; nD n G w f p G m opP m aoG ; aumuf=uHwwfonf?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (13)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
vlrsdK;wkH;atmif vkyfrnfh&efol/ ayguf/ aoaomolonf ok\efodk@ ouf onf j zpf I tuk o d k v f r sm;yif &cJ h o nf ?
trsdK;zsufrnfh&efol/ omoemzsufrnfh ouf omom oGm;oifo h nf/ vSLr,f wef; ty,fodk@ vm;awmhrnfvm;²²² rod?
&efol/ wpfudk,faumif;qefonfh&efol²²² r,f omoemjyKr,f / raoaq;pm;=u od k @ aomf uG s ef a wmf w d k @ . zcif
rnf o d k @ aom&ef o l j zpf a pumrl ² ²² uG s ef olrsm;²²² pojzifh aemufq;kH ²²² (tarG/ uwf Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; . jynf o l v l x k t m;
awmfw@kd pnf;vH;k rnf/ pdw"f mwfcikd rf mrnf? uif;/ ESihf &Si;f wrf;) wd@k jzpf=uonf? ajym=um;xm;aom pum;pkt&²²² “ok*
vuf w G J r jzKwf / =uH @ cd k i f r _ & S d r nf q d k y gu jrefrmjynfwGif;&Sd jynfoljynfom; wdomG ;&m wHcg;ayguo f nf rnfrsS yif usO;f
acsr_ef;Edkifrnfjzpfonf? rsm;ESihf jynfya&muf jrefrmvlrsKd ;awmfawmf ajrmif;onf jzpfap ,rrif;. acG;&nf yk&
owfjzwfjcif;/ ESrd Ef iS ;f jcif;/ zrf;qD; rsm;rsm;onf rdp>m'dÏd t,l0g'orm;. t yduk Yf ig.tjypfawG rnfrsS yif a&;rSwx f m;
jcif;/ usKH ;oGi;f jcif;ponfh pum;vH;k rsm;udk ,lp/JG trSm;pG/J t,lonf;r_rsm;udk od&jdS yD;jzpf onf jzpfap igum;*&krjyK” [laompm
oHk;jcif;rSm uGsefawmfEdkifiH a&;vkyfaejcif; =uonf? ydk'fonf uGsefawmfhtwGuf r[mtm;aq;
r[kwf/ EdkifiHa&;vH_aqmfpmvnf;r[kwf/ xd@k a=umifh uGseaf wmfw@kd . &efou l kd wpfcGufyif jzpfawmhonf?
ta&;tcif;jzpfatmifvkyfrnfholr[kwf/ jrifae&jyDjzpfonf? xd&k efow l @kd . y&d,m,f xdk@a=umifh uGsefawmfwdk@. bHk&ef
qlylaESmuf,Sufrnfholr[kwf? =uG,fr_/ oyf&_dr_/ jzm;a,mif;aoG;aqmifr_/ oljzpfaom t,lrSm;/ tpGJrSm;/ 'dÏd0g'rsm;
uGsefawmf²²²EdkifiHa&;orm;r[kwf? vufwGif;odk@ ra&mufatmif uGsefawmfwdk@ tm; od&Sd+yD; onfESifhtnD uGsefawmfwdk@.
uGsefawmf²²²vlr_a&;orm;? txl;owdxm;&rnf? pdw"f mwf wd@k u=kd uHŒ owfuGif;xJodk@ 0ifa&mufaeaom &efol
uGsefawmf²²²EdkifiHa&;udkrod? =uHŒckdifum &J&J&ifh&ifhwGef;vSef wdkufzsuf& wdk@udk ZGJ&Sd&Sd/ opPm&Sd&Sd OruGJ/ odkufrysuf/
uGsefawmf²²²vlr_a&;orm;omodonf? awmhrnf? &efoltm; tjrpfygrusef wdkuf pnf ; vH k ; nD n G w f p G m wd k u f c d k u f w G e f ; vS e f
odk@aomf²²² EdkifiHa&;aumif;vSsif cdkuf&awmhrnf? [ef@wm;=urnfqdkygu +idrf;csrf;om,m
vlra_ &; orm;rsm;oufomrnf? Edik if aH &; ypfrSwfudkodvSsif xdatmif ypfzdk@ pdkjynfvSyaom vl@bHkwpf&yf aysmf&$ifzG,f/
nHv h sS if vlra_ &;orm;rsm; yifyef; rnfjzpf u rdrdwdk@wm0efyifjzpfawmhrnf? rdrdwdk@. aecsifzG,f urm{}uD;wpfck wnfaqmuf
onf? ud k , f w G i f ; ud k , f y rS m &S d w J h ud a vom [l Edik af wmhrnf jzpfyga=umif; ² ² ² ?
EdkifiHa&;qdkonfrSm vSnfhpm;wwfonf? aom rdp>m'dÏdt,l0g' &efolwdk@udk jynf
vl r _ a &;qd k o nf r S m &d k ; pif ; onf ? jzLpif wGif;jynfyrSm&Sdonfh jrefrmjynfol jynf tvk y f o rm;awmf v S e f a &;rS o nf
onf? ajzmifhrwfonf? jidrf;csrf;onf? om;rsm;u pnf;vH;k nDnw G f vufwrJG jzKwf vl x k t a&;awmf y H k o d k Œ
odk@aomf²²² jzLpifajzmifhrwf/ &dk; pdw"f mwfcikd cf ikd /f wGe;f vSew f u kd cf u kd &f ef tcsed f
om;/ wnf=unf/ jidrf;csrf;aom vlr_a&; a&mufjyD jzpfygonf? 'grS²²² “u rm{rSm wa&GŒa&GŒajymif;vJjcif;rsm;pkpnf;&mrS w
vkyf ief;udk trJq;kd / (teufa&mifq;kd ) rnfh jrefrma[h”[k &ifaumhI armf =uGm;Edik rf nf [kex f ;kd ajymif;vJjcif;jzpfap.? 'gq&kd if wpf
'dÏd t,l0g'orm;. zsuq f ;D r_/ wdu k cf u kd rf /_ jzpfonf? uGseaf wmfvrl a_ &;vkyu f ikd yf gonf? ae&mjyD;wpfae&m qufwu kd jf zpfvmaewJh
aESmuf,u S rf r_ sm;&Sad eonf?olw@kd ²²² olw@kd trsm;uawmh uG s ef a wmf o nf tvk y f o rm;qEN j yyG J a wG u ae &ef u k e f
omvSsif jidr;f csr;f r_ udk zsuq f ;D rnfh bH&k ef ukodkvfawG trsm;=uD;&aejyD[k xif=uyg wpfjrdKŒvHk;ae&mpHk vkyfief;pHku tvkyf
oljzpfawmhonf? uGsefawmfajymcJhzl;yg onf ? od k @ aomf ² ²² uG s ef a wmf o nf uk orm;awG & J Œ qEN j yyG J a wG quf j zpf r vm
onf? uGseaf wmfa&;cJzh ;l ygonf? uGseaf wmf odkvfwpfyJ²²² i&Jwpfyd\m&aejyDjzpfonf? edkifbl;vm;? wpfedkifiHvHk;u tvkyform;
&d;k om;pGm tjzLxnf vlra_ &;/ vkyif ef;pOf tb,fa=umifhqdkaomf uGsefawmf vkyfae awG&JŒqENjyyGJawG qufjzpfrvmedkifbl;
rsm;udk wifjy cJhbl;ygonf? ukodkvf,l& onfh vkyfief;aqmifcsufrsm;onf trsm; vm;? tvkyo f rm; awGomru/ v,fo
rnfh udpP&yfrsm;/ udk,fcsif;pmpdwfrsm;yGm; tusdK;twGuf xrf;&Gufvkyfaqmifonf[k rm;awG/ 0efxrf;awG/ iwfrw G af ewJjh ynfol
rsm; a&;/ jA[Rp&kd f w&m; (4) yg;vufuikd f qdkaomfvnf; Taumif;r_vkyfief;=uD;wGif awG/ ausmif;om;awG/ &[ef;oHCmawG/
xm;a&;/ oD v vH k a &;/ t,l o nf ; r_ y aESmifh,Sufol/ [ef@wm;ol/ wm;jrpfol/ &JawG/ wyfrawmfom;awG yg0ifwhJ tv$mpHk
aysmuf a &;/ rd p > m 'd Ï d t ,l &S d o l rsm;t zsufqD;olrSeforSsudk avvd_if;rS wpfqifh vlxktHk=uGrSK ta&;awmfyHk=uD; qufjzpf
a=umif;²²² rsm;pG m / rsm;pGm ajymcJhzl; yg aomf v nf ; aumif ; / pmayxuf r S a omf rvmedkifbl;vm; ?
onf? vnf;aumif;/ FACEBOOK rSaomf vnf;
usGefawmfwdkŒjzwfoef;cJh&wJh &Spf
(Oyrmtm;jzif²h ²² w%Smh uGserf cH aumif;/ um,uH/ 0ZDuH/ raemuHwdk@jzifh
av;vH;k vlxt k a&;awmfy=kH uD;eJ@ 2007 puf
+yD/ tcrJh udk,fxnf/ &duQm/ ckwfr,f²²² jyefvnfajz&Sif; wkef@jyefr_rsm;udk vkyfcJh&
wifbm ta&;awmfyHkawG[mvJ 'Dvdkqifh
xpfr,f²²² yg;yg;vSD;r,f/ e,fuGsefxGuf
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (14)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
uJjzpfpOfawGaygif;pnf;jyD; jzpfcJhwmyg ? pdk;&drfaea=umif;/ vlxkta&;awmfyHk}uD; rwfom;v$waf wmfxyJ ga&; olwŒkd pdwrf 0if
1974-75 tvkyform;oydwftygt0if/ &JŒtp jzpfvmrSmpdk;&drfaea=umif; jyae pm;ygbl;/ ppfwyfu tm;vHk;csKyfudkifxm;
ppftm%m&SifpepfpwifcJhwJh 1962 ckESpf wmyg? edik f a&;yJpOf;pm;wm yg/ ynma&;/ use;f rm
uae 26 ESpv f ;kH vH;k jzpfvmwJh ausmif;om; a&;/ pdu k yf sKd ;a&;/ ydŒk aqmifa&;/ vSsypf pfprG ;f
wdkufyGJawGaygif;pnf;jyD; &Spfav;vHk;vlxk ppftm%m&Siaf wG awmfawmfav; tm;pwJh ppfwyfe@J bmrSrqdik w f XhJ me wdik ;f
ta&;awmf y H k } uD ; ay:ayguf v mcJ h o vd k ab;usyf e H u syf j zpf a eyg+yD / wbuf o wf rSm/ atmufajctqifhtkyfcsKyfolutp
1988 aemufwpf}udrftm%m odrf;tjyD; csKyfudkifxm;wJh tm%mudktoufqufbdkΠAdkvf=uD;awG/ AdkvfrSK;awGudk ,leDazgif;csGwf
uae wa&GŒa&GŒjzpfvmwJt h ajc taeawG a&G;aumufyGJqdkwJhacgif;pOfwpfckudk zefwD; ae&mcs xm;wm=unf&h if v$waf wmfu, kd f
u oHCmawmfawGO;D aqmifwhJ 2007 puf cJhayrJh tJ'D acgif;pOftwdkif;awmif olŒZwf pm;vS,fqdkwmxufydkwJh v$rf;rdk;rSK&bdkŒ
wifbm ta&;awmfy=kH uD;jzpfap cJw h mygy?J ol edkifatmifruedkifygbl;/ tajccHedkifiHa&; jyifaewm odeikd yf gw,f/ tJ'rD mS b,foŒl
&dk;om;rSKr&Sd wma=umifh Armjynf&JŒt"du wynfhawGudk b,fXmeawGrSmxm;rvJ/
ck 2010 xJrSmwif vdSKifom,m jzpfwJh wdkif;&if;om;udpPrSm wdkif;&if;om; b,fAv kd cf sKyfawG,el aD zgi;f csw G rf vJ/ ae&mcGJ
jrdKŒe,fu tdky,ftxnfcsKyfpuf&kH/ usm; tm;vHk;udkrqdkxm;eJ@ typf&yf(+idrf;) tzGJ@ a0rS K jy\em&S d v mjyef y gw,f / txuf
rif; txnfcsKyfpuf&/kH wkid , f D txnfcsKyf awGudkawmif &atmifrpnf;&Hk;edkifygbl;/ atmufumG [rSK}uD;rm;+yD; tkypf v k u kd af &m/
puf&Hk/ +rzuf&SiftxnfcsKyfpuf&Hk/ ykZGef rufvHk;awGay;vdkuf +cdrf;ajcmufvdkufeJ@ wpfO;D csi;f yg tusKd ;pD;yGm;tm;jydKifae=uwJh
tat;cef;puf&Hk / zdeyfcsKyfpuf&Hk / Weng wdik ;f &if;om;acgi;f aqmifwpfa,mufcsi;f vdu k af wG@/ ppfAv kd cf sKyfawG/ 'Djy\emnSrd jyD;ao;ygb;l /
Hong Hung txnf c sKyf p uf & H k / tif ; wd k i f ; &if ; om; a'oawG r S m wyf a wG c s/ ed k i f e d k i f e if ; eif ; (ud k , f h u k v m;zef u d k , f x d k ;
pdejf rdKŒe,fu Sky txnfcsKyfpuf&/kH Lion t&G,fra&mufao;wJhuav;awGudk enf; ud, k zhf u J ,kd cf sKd ;)vkyef ikd rf ,fxifcv hJ Œkd 2008
City txnfcsKyfpuf&Hk/ awmif'*Hk pufrSK rsKd ;pHek @J wyfxoJ iG ;f ppfo f m;pk vkyaf e&ygw,f/ rwd k i f c if x J u a=ujimxm;cJ h w J h 2010
Zkefu jyHK;yef;wpf&m txnfcsKyfpuf&Hk/ tcsed rf a&G; wdu k yf aJG wGjyefjzpfvmedik w f ,fvŒkd a&G;aumufyq JG w
kd mudk ckxd b,faeŒb,f
a&$jynfomjrdKŒe,fu Super Garment puf&kH pdk;&drfruif; jzpfae&rSK[m ppfAdkvfcsKyfawG vdkvkyfr,f ra=ujimedkifao;ygbl;?
Grand Royal 0DpuDpuf&/kH Yes. puf&/kH Good acgif;rat;&wJh jy\em}uD;wpfckyg ?
Family puf&Hk / UIB txnfcsKyf puf&Hk/ ppftkyfpktqdk;qHk;&ifqdkif&r,fh
tm&Sorm"d txnfcsKyfpuf&Hk/ r*Fvm'Hk aemufwpfcku NLD˜ a':atmif (&ifqikd af e&wJ)h / jy\emu vlxpk m;0wf
+rd K Œe,f u zmrd k w d k txnf c sKyf p uf & H k / qef;pk=unf eJ@ jynfov l x l k awGyg/ NLD u aea&; ajyvnfatmif ajz&Sif;ray;edkifwJh
pkpak ygi;f puf&kH ( 20 ) cefŒutvkyo f rm; xdxda&mufa&muf rvkyfedkifao;ygbl; qdk udpyP g/ wyfwiG ;f uyJyek u f efrvm;/ 0efxrf;
awG[m olwdkŒ&JŒravmufiSrSKawGtwGuf ayr,f h urB m od jynf o l u a&G ; cs,f x m; awGyJ x=uGrvm;/ ylyef&if; vpmwdk;ay;
qEN j ycJ h = uyg+yD / ppf t pd k ; &uawmh tck wJyhJ gwD qdw k mudu k ppf Adv k cf sKyfawGtwGuf wJhenf;vrf;eJ@ajz&Sif;cJhwmvnf; t}udrf
tvk y f o rm;awG & J Œ qEN j yrS K awG [ m jy\em}uD;wpfckyg/ 1990 a&G;aumufyGJ& }udr&f cdS yhJ g+yD/ tm%mvuf0,f&o dS rl Œkd 5000
vpmenf;vdkΠtvkyf&SifudkqENjy ae=u vm'fudk qENjyKcJhwJhjynfolawG arhaysmuf wef v d k a iG p uU L awG &d k u f x k w f e d k i f w m
w,fqdkwmxuf olwdkŒ&JŒtkyfcsKyfrSKtvGJ atmif wu,fwrf;rpGrf;aqmifedkif ao;yg a=umifheJ@/ edkifiHhb¾m udkxifwdkif;}uJ oHk;
awGa=umifh pDymG ;a&; rwnfjidrrf KS awGuae bl;/ 2008 arv/ zGŒJ pnf;yHk Oya'qENc, H yl JG edik wf ma=umifh 0efxrf;awGukd vpmwd;k ay;
wpp=uD;jrifhvmwJhukefaps;ESKef;awGa=umifh [m jynf o l ΠqEN t rS e f r [k w f b l ; qd k w m edkifayrJh/ ukr`%DawG/ vkyfief;&SifawGu
ayguu f b
GJ Œkd wmplae=uwmjzpfw,fqw kd m ol w d k Œ ud k , f w d k i f o d a ewmyg? NLD u vdkufrwdk;ay;edkifygbl;/ ukr`%Dtvkyfo
odaeygw,f / qENjytvkyo f rm;awG puf olwdkŒcif;wJhvrf;udkravsSmufcJh&if bmvkyf rm;awGeJ@ wae@vkyfwae@pm; vkyfom;
&Hk0ef;awGGxJuae vrf;rawG ay:udkxGuf rvJ/ Edik if w H umzdtm;awGe@J a':atmifqef; awG[m 0ifaiGwdk;r&=uygbl;/ ppftkyfpk&JŒ
vmrSm/ tvkyf&SifawGudkqENjyae&muae pk=unfupd P b,fv f u kd ikd w
f ,G rf vJ/ acgi;f cJae ajz&Si;f rSKtrSm;aemufu uyfygvmwJh ukef
wu,fhw&m;cHtppfjzpfwJh olwdkŒqDOD; &wJt h ajctaeyg/ (ck OD;wifO;D / OD;0if;wifwŒkd aps;ESKef;}uD;jrifhrSK'g%fudkawmh tvl;tvJ
vSnv hf mrSm pd;k &drrf uif;jzpfaewm aocsm udkawmif v$wfray;csifyJ v$wfay;vm& cH=u&ygw,f/ 0efxrf;awGua&m/ vpm
ygw,f? ppfum;vHx k ed ;f um;awG tpDt&D ygjyD)? wd;k &vdŒk tqifajyacsmifvnfomG ;ygjyD wJh
eJŒ qENjypuf&HkawG0ef;usifrSm tiftm;jy ol w d k Œ t"d u jyif a ewmu a&G ; vm;/ waeŒvk y f w aeŒpm;awG a vmuf /
jcdrf; ajcmufxm;yHk[m tvkyform;xk aumuf yJGqdkwJhjy,kwfwckxJr[kwf ygbl;/ puf&Hkvkyfom;awGavmuf/ rqdk;wmyJ&Sd
awmf v S e f a &;tjzpf ul ; ajymif ; oG m ;rS m ppftm%m jzefŒusufedkifa&;yg/ ppfAdkvfw ygw,f/ ESpo f rd chf vH ukd &f wmoufoufygy?J

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (15)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
wpfv oHk;av;aomif; qdkwJh0ifaiG[m ravmufiSwmvm;/ uGJjym;jyD; puf&Hkwpf a=uG ; a=umf w d k u f y G J 0 if & rJ h tcsd e f a &muf
vl w pf a ,muf pm;bd k Π&Hjk cif;uae puf&akH wG tm;vH;k aygi;f pnf;jyD;/ aeygjyD/ puf&Hktvkyf&Hktvkyform;awG
awmifavmufw,fq&kd ykH g/ t0wftpm;eJ@ tvk y f o rm;awG a ygif ; pnf ; jyD ; / vrf ; ay: &JŒqENjyyGJrSm tm;jznfhyg0if&if; tvkyf
Am[D&vlŒtoHk;taqmifawG r0,fedkifyg xGufvmbdkŒ wmplaeygjyD/ tvkyf &SifawG orm;awmfvSef a&;rSonf vlxk ta&;
bl;/ use;f rma&;csKd ŒwJ&h if aq;ukbŒkd rwwf qDuae tvkyform;tcGifhta&; awmif; awmfyo kH Œkd OD;wnf csw D uf=uygpŒkd ?
ed k i f y gbl ; / vl w pf O D ; csif ; twG u f awmif qdkrSKxuf/ tm%m&SifawGqDu vlŒtcGifh
avmufiSrSKr&Sdwm rdom;pkb0awG b,f ta&;awGawmif;qdb k @kd / vlxw
k pf &yfv;kH tHk ppftm%m&Sifpepf rkcsusqHk;&rnf?
vd k w nf a qmuf = uygh r vJ ? acgif ; aqmif =uGyg0ifbdkŒ vrf;pjzpfvmyg+yD? jynfolŒ'Drdkua&pDawmfvSefa&;
rSKcsdKŒwJh/ ESKd;aqmfolcsdKŒwJheJŒ rcsdwifuJcH
aecJh&wJh vlxk=uD;xJu tiwfrGwfqHk; a&S;u e,fcsJŒqefŒusifa&; acwf atmif&rnf?
tvkyo f rm;awG&ŒJ / tajctaeeJŒ udu k n
f D rS m t*F v d y f t cuf Armtcsuf qd k w J h ,Hk=unfcsufjzifh
wJh vSKyf&Sm;rSK/ qENjyrSKawGuawmh wpp aqmifyk'feJΠwdkufyGJ 0ifwGef;vSefcJh=uw,f/
=uD;xGm;vmaeygjyD/ vpmenf;wmvm;/ ck v J ppf t k y f p k t cuf vl x k t csuf v d k Π***&Jabmf Adv
k o
f *l **

ypfowfcH&aom jrefrmrsm;twGuf pkHprf;ay;&ef HRW awmif;qdk


(rwfv 9-&uf 2010 {&m0wDtifwmeuf)
xkid ;f ppfom;rsm;. ypfcwfra_ =umifh aoqH;k oGm;aom jrefrmjynfom; uav;
3 OD; tr_ESifh ywfouf+yD; xkdif;tpdk;&ukd csufcsif; pHkprf; ppfaq;ay;&ef tar&duef
Edik if H tajcpdu k f vl@tcGit
hf a&; apmif=h unfh avhvma&;tzG@J (Human Rights Watch-
HRW)u awmif;qdk vkdufonf? ,if; toufrjynfhao;aom uav;i,f 3 OD;
aoqH;k oGm;onfh twGuf xkid ;f tpd;k &tm; pHpk rf; ppfaq;ay;&ef HRW tzG@J u vGecf o hJ nfh
tywf aom=umae@u xkwjf yefxm;onf? “'Dum;ukd ppfwyfu b,fvdk ypfcwfovJ/
bma=umihf ypf&ovJ qkdwmawGukd tpkd;&u csufcsif; pkHprf;ppfaq;zkd@ vkdyg w,f”
[k Human Rights Watch tzJ@G . tm&Swu dk q
f idk &f m n$e=f um;a&;rª; b&uf't f 'rfpu f
ajymonf? “b,foal wG '%f& &oGm;r,f/ aoqk;H oGm;r,f qkw d mukd xnhrf wGub f eJ @J um;ukyd pfcwfw,f qkw d m[m vufcEH idk pf &m
ta=umif; r&dyS gb;l ? ypfcwfrr_ mS wm0ef&o Sd al wG[m jzpfcw Jh mawG twGuf wm0efc&H rSmyg”[k olu qufajymonf? aazazmf0g&v D
25 &ufae@u w&m;r0if jrefrmjynfom; 13 OD;ukd wifaqmifvmaom um;ukd xkid ;f Edik if H awmifyikd ;f &aemif;+rdKΠt0if ppfaq;a&;
*dww f cko@kd ta&mufY xdik ;f vk+H cHKa&; wyfrsm;u ppfaq;&ef wm;qD; onfudk um;orm;u r&yfay;ojzifh aoewfjzifh ypfcwfcahJ =umif;
od&onf? “jzpfwt hJ csed u
f reuf 5 em&DavmufrmS ? qdycf H wHwm;em;rSm ppfom;awGu um;udk ppfaq;zd@k &yfcikd ;f wmudk um;orm;u
owdrjyKrdbl;? tJ'geJ@ ppfom;awGu aoewfawGeJ@ ypfw,f? touf av;/ ig; ESpft&G,f uav; a,musfm;av;wa,muf/
ajcmufEpS /f ckepfEpS f t&G,f rde;f uav;wa,muf eJ@ 16 ESpt f &G,f a,musmf ;av; wa,mufaooGm;w,f? um; xJyg vmwJh 5
a,mufvnf; '%f&mawG &oGm;w,f”[k HRW tzGJ@ uqdkonf? ,if; xkdif;vHk+cHKa&;wyfrsm; ypfcwfr_a=umifh uav; 3 OD;
aoqH;k oGm;+yD; '%f&m &&Scd o hJ l 5 OD;ukvd nf; &aemif; aq;&kYH aq;ukor_c, H cl &hJ a=umif;vnf; od&onf? ygeef; &Jpcef;rS wm0efus
&JwOD;u”tzrf;cH&wJh vlawGuawmh pcef;rSm &Sad eygw,f/ '%f&m&wJh vlemawGvnf; aq;&kH rSmyJ/ tr_uawmh w&m; Oya't&
aqmif&u G af eygw,f”[k {&m0wDo@kd ajymonf? aoqH;k olEiS hf zrf;qD;cH&aom jrefrmjynfom; trsm;pkonf rGejf ynfe,fEiS hf wjcm;+rdKŒrS
a'ocHrsm;jzpf=u+yD; aumhaomif; +rdKŒrS wqifh &aemif;+rdKŒodk@ vma&muf tvkyfvkyfukdifolrsm;jzpfa=umif; od&onf? HRW .
xk w f j yef c suf w G i f b&uf ' f t'rf p f u ”a&$ Œ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm; awG & J Œ vk y f t m;u xk d i f ; Ed k i f i H & J Œ pD ; yG m a&;uk d trsm; }uD ;
taxmuftuljyKw,f? 'gayr,fh tcGit hf a&; csK;d azmufre_ @J acgi;f yHjk zwfra_ wGrmS tvkyo f rm;awGu umuG,rf e_ nf; enf;yJ&w,f/
tckvrkd sK;d tvkyo f rm;awG tcGit hf a&; csK;d azmufc&H wJh tcsed rf mS xkid ;f tpd;k & taeeJ@ w&m;rSswr_ &Sw d ,f qdw k mudk tvkyo f rm;awG
ukjd y&r,fh tcsed jf zpfw,f”[k qdo k nf? +yD;cJo h nfh Zefe0g&D vukeyf ikd ;f uvnf; aoewf '%f&mjzihf aoqH;k cJah om jrefrmjynfom; 9
OD;udk zkwzf &m;+rdKŒe,fteD; wae&mwGif awGŒ&Scd =hJ uonf? 4if;wk@d udk aiGa=u; awmif;cHpOf xGuaf jy;onft h wGuf vkud v
f zH rf;qD;ch+J yD;
owfjzwfchJjcif; jzpfa=umif;od&onf?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (16)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

oif- olwdk@udk rarhygeJ@


EGm;tzGJ@ (etz)&J@ aetdrftus,fcsKyfb0udk cH,lae&wJh vlxkacgif;aqmif-a':atmifqef;pk=unf&,f/
wdik ;f &if;om;acgi;f aqmif cGex
f eG ;f OD;/ 88-rsK;d qufausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif udrk if;udek ikd w
f @kd tygt0if rdrw d @kd wdik ;f jynfe@J
vlrsK;d twGuf tusO;f axmiftoD;oD;rSm pGe@f vw $ f pGe@f pm; tepfemcHae=uol pkpak ygi;f (2185)OD; &Syd gw,f? oif- olw@kd ukd
wzufwvrf;u ulnaD y;ygaemf? oif-olw@kd ukd rarhyge@J æ? (AAPP . rSww f rf;t& od&onf?)
jrefrmjynfom;

2010 rwfv tvSL&Sirf sm;pm&if;


(1)(a*satpD b D a t) em,u(1)q&mawmf 100 bwf
(2) ? ? (2)q&mawmf 100 bwf
(3) OD;aiGvif;ESifh vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD 300 bwf
(4) tvif;wef;pm=unfhwdkuf rdom;pk 250 bwf *k%fxl;aqmifem,u= a':pef;pef;=(MPU)
(5) zdk;aom=um ((POSH)) 300 bwf twdkifyifcH t,f'Dwm ausmfoufaxG;
(6) jrefrm rGwfqvifrdwfaqGwpfOD; 100 bwf wm0efcHt,f'Dwm qefwmuavmh(pf)
(7) OD;wdwfESifh a':ar=unf 100 bwf
0dkif;awmfom;rsm; &J&ifhatmif / umwGef; 'Jh'dk;
(8) 'D Z if b m(tvif ; wef ; ) 100 bwf
JACBA r[maZmf(rauG;)/
(9) a'guf w mvG % f ; aqG 100-bwf
c/o.. PO.Box (70) "l0H (zkwfz&m;)
Mae Sot, Tak(63110) O D;ausmfaomi
omif;f (befaumuf)/
f rnf o l r qd k jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif E S i f h ae@opf r l v wef ; ausmif ;
twG u f tvS L aiG r sm;/ 0wW K / uAsm/ aqmif ; yg;pm rl r sm;/ a0zef t}uH j yK
Thailand a'vD,m ausmfo&
l e
d f /
csuf r sm;ud k vG w f v yf p G m aqmif & G u f e d k i f y gonf ? rd r d w d k @ awG @ }uKH & aom
E-mail- jacbaburmese@gmail.com
tzrf ; tqD ; ES i f h ES d y f p uf c H & r_ / tek d i f h u sif h c H & r_ owif ; tcsuf t vuf r sm;ud k newdayjacba@gmail.com
vnf ; ay;yd k @ ed k i f y gonf ? zk e f ; omac:vd k u f y g? Blog- jacbaburma.blogspot.com
Ph- 087 3089 680 (Dtac)
(Tpmapmif u d k vpOf y H k r S e f x k w f a 0ed k i f a &;twG u f tvS L aiG r sm; xnf h 0 if NEW DAY SCHOOL
=uyg&ef yef = um;tyf y gonf ? Tpmapmif u d k v pOf r ysuf x k w f a 0cJ h o nf r S m ae o
h pfrv
l wef;ausmif;
,ck t cg 4-ES p f 7-v &S d y g+yD ? )
rd w f a qG æ oif h & J @ tvS L aiG [ m usaemf w d k @ ae@opf r l v wef ;
ausmif ; u a&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;awG & J @ &if a oG ; i,f r sm;
jrefrmjynfom;bavmh*f twGufjzpfygw,f? uav;i,fawGtwGuf zwfpmtkyfeJ@ oif
xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyfu wdk@jrefrmjynfom;awG&J@ &kef;uefv_yf&Sm; axmuful ypPnf;yJjzpfjzpf/ uav; tm[m&yJjzpfjzpf/ vSL'gef;
r_eJ@ b0tarmæaomutylawGudk ae@pOftopfwifaewJh edkifygw,f? udk,fwdkifyJ jzpfap /pmwdkufu jzpfap/ a&$@ajymif;u
jref r mjynf om;bavmh* f r S m wuf z wf y gæ? av;i,fawGudk vSL'gef; edkifygw,f?
oifhtwGufævmjyDævmjyDævmjyD jrefrmjynfom;bavmh*f æ?
quf o G , f & ef æ zk e f ; (087 3089680)
(Blog) jacbaburma.blogspot.com

xdik ;f edik if aH &muf jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyo


f rm;rsm;taeeJ@ atmufazmf
jyyg rJaqmufa'otajcpdkuf xdkif;tzGJ@tpnf;qDudk jrefrmbmomeJ@ qufoG,f
tultnD awmif;cHedkif ygw,f?
Oya'abmiftwGif; t}uHOm%fawmif;cHedkifygw,f? xdkif;a&S@ aersm;aumifpD/
Oya'taxmuftuljyKXme (LLC) (081 7860 925)

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)


( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (17)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010
pmrsufESm (1) atmufpzdk@wuUodkvfrSm a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk *k%fjyKrStquf
Burma Campaign UK tzJ@G u ra0ESi;f yGio hf u kH vnf; wdik ;f &if;om;a'oawGrmS trsK;d orD;awS &ifqikd af e& wJ'h u k t Q ajctaeawG
tawmfav;udk qd;k &Gm;aew,fqw kd mudk wufa&muf ajymqdck w hJ ,fv@kd RFA udk ajymygw,f? “'D&;kd &m,Ofaus;r_ta=umif; qdv k @kd &&dS if
orD;wdk@rSm wdkif;&if;om;rsLd;pHk/ wdkif;&if;om;aygif;pHk aexdkifwJh jrefrmedkifiHrSm wdkif;&if;om;awG[m olwdk@rSm &dk;&m"avhxHk;pHt&
olw@kd rmS yGaJ wGvnf;&Sw d ,f/ aysmyf &JG i$ yf aJG wG/ orD;wd@k aysmyf &JG i$ yf w JG ikd ;f rSm vlwikd ;f vkywf muawmh tpm;taomufawG twlwl pm;=u
r,f? yGaJ wG vky=f ur,f? 'gayrJ?h ppftpd;k &u jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om;awG tukev f ;kH udk wuJuh kd &uf&ufpufpuf wdu k cf ukd af ew,f qdw k hJ
tcgusawmh 'Dwikd ;f &if;om;awGrmS vnf; olw@kd rmS olw@kd &hJ &d;k &mqdw k mvnf; aysmufq;kH aew,f/ olw@kd &hJ yGaJ wGqw kd mvnf; olw@kd rmS
vkyyf ikd cf iG hf r&Sb
d ;l ? olw@kd rmS aep&m tdraf wmif r&Sb d ;l aygah emf? tJvrkd sK;d rSmyJ Armrde;f uav;awG[m 'Dvrkd sK;d tajctaexJrmS tqd;k 0g;qH;k
tajctaejzpfwhJ Armrde;f uav;qdv k @kd &&dS if rk'ed ;f usichf &H zd@k vG,w f ,f? +yD;wJt h cgusawmh olw@kd &hJ b0 t&rf;udk qd;k 0g;w,fqw kd [ hJ m
trsK;d orD;u t"duxm;+yD; ajymoGm;zd@k &nf&, G x f m;w,f&iS ?hf ” 'gtjyif jrefrmedik if &H hJ pmay,Ofaus;r_e@J edik if aH &; tcef;u¾awGrmS
xif&mS ;wJh trsK;d orD;awGta=umif;vnf; wufa&mufvmolawGukd aqG;aEG; wifjycJ=h uw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? 'Dtcrf;tem;rSm jrefrmeJ@
wdkif;&if;om;&dk;&m,Ofaus;r_tuawGudk wifqufazsmfajzcJhygw,f?
pmrsufESm (1) jrefrmtpkd;& a&$;aumufyGJ trsm;,Hk=unfedkifr_ rpPwm befuDrGef; pkd;&drfrStquf
+yD;awmh tckEpS u f si;f yrJh a&G;aumufy[ JG m trsm;,H=k unfvufceH ikd rf /_ tm;vH;k yg0if edik rf e_ @J yGiv hf if;jrifomr_&w dS hJ a&G;aumufyGjJ zpfz@dk
ta&;}uD;w,fqw dk m a&;om;vku d wf ,fv@dk ukvor*~ t}uD;tuJ rpFwm befurD eG ;f u ajymygw,f? 'gjh yif a&G;aumufyJG Oya'awGudk
rwfv 9 &ufae@rmS xkwjf yefrt hJ a=umif; tpk;d &ykid f owif;rD', D mawGu a=unmvku d w
f mukd rdrt d aeeJ@ od&adS =umif;vnf; rpPwm
befurD eG ;f u ajymygw,f? 'Da&G;aumufyJG Oya'xkwjf yefa&;zk@d upd u P dk tjrefq;kH taumiftxnfazmfz@dk u|eaf wmf awmufavsmuf
awmif;qkdaecJhwmyg? aemufxyfta&;}uD;qHk;tcsuftaeeJ@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@wuG edkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awG jyefvGwfay;zkd@
udpu P v
dk nf; qufvuf awmif;qkv d udk w f ,fv@dk rpPwm befurD eG ;f u ajymygw,f? trsm;u vufc, H =kH unfeikd w
f hJ a&G;aumufyjJG zpf
zkd@twGuf a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ edlifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGukd tjrefqHk;vGwfay;+yD;/ a&G;aumufyGJrSm yg0ifcGifhay;& ygr,f? 'Dvkdr_
r[kwfbl;qkd&if tckusif;yrJh a&G;aumufyGJ[m trsm;yg0ifcGifhr&SdwJh a&G;aumufyGJ/ w&m;r0ifwJh a&G;aumufyGJyJ jzpfvdrfhr,fqkdwm
u|eaf wmf t}udr}f udrf aLymqkcd +hJ yD; jzpfygw,fv@dk e,l;a,muf+rdK@ ukvor*~ &H;k csKyfrmS rwfv 8 &uf rae@u jyKvkyw f hJ owif;pm
&Sifvif;yGJrSm ukvor*~ taxGaxG twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf rpPwm befuDrGef;u ajym=um;cJhygw,f? 'DtawmtwGif; ppftpkd;&u
tckEpS u f si;f yrJh a&G;aumufyt JG wGuf Oya'awGudk tckvadk emufus+yD; xkwjf yefwt hJ wGuf a&G;aumufy0JG ifrhJ edik if aH &;ygwaD wG jyifqifcsed f
tvHktavmuf r&Sdedkifwma=umifh w&m;r#wr_ r&SdwJhvkyf&yfvkd@ NLD trsKd;om; 'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf ajymcGifh&yk*~dKvf OD;Om%f0if;u
RFA ukd rwfv 9 &uf t*F gae@reufu ajymygw,f? a&G;aumufy0 JG ifrhJ ekid if aH &;ygwaD wG r}wfyw kH ifeikd af &;eJ@ rJq,
G pf nf;&H;k a&;wk@d twGuf
tcsed f vHv k akH vmufavmuf ay;&r_om w&m;r#wrj_&rdS mS jzpfw,fv@dk OD;Om%f0if;u ajymygw,f? 'gjh yif ppftpk;d &u tcka&G;aumufyJG
Oya'awG xkwjf yefvu dk +f yDjzpfwma=umifh Akv d cf sKyfrLS ; }uD;oef;a&$e@J awG@qzkH @dk +yD;cJw h hJ ed0k ifbmvtwGi;f a':atmifqef;pk=unf pma&;om;
awmif;qkdcJhovkd ESpfzufacgif;aqmifawGt=um;/ a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ ygwDacgif;aqmifaw=tKum; awG@qHkedkifzkd@ ta&;w}uD;
vkt d yfae+yDv@dk vnf; NLD ygwD ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf OD;Om%f0if;u ajymygw,f?
jrefrma&G;aumufyGJ Oya'tar&duef oHo,&Sd
(rwfv
f 10-&uf 2010 VOA)
jrefrmppftpd;k & xkwjf yefvu dk w
f hJ a&G;aumufyGJ Oya'[m jrefrmhEidk if aH &;rSm t"duuswhJ tiftm;pkawGe@J wdik yf ifnêdEi_d ;f r_r&db
S J
wbufowf xkwjf yefwma=umifh vmr,fh a&G;aumufyt GJ ay: ,H=k unfvufcEH ikd zf @kd cufcrJ ,fv@kd tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k ajymyg
w,f? jrefrmtpd;k &[m wbufrmS awmh Edik if w H umu vdv k m; awmif;qdak ewJh jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDa&; acgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf
tygt0if Edik if aH &; tusO;f om;awGukd v$wzf @kd vspv f sLjyKaeqJ jzpfygw,f? tar&duef Edik if jH cm;a&; 0ef}uD;Xme ajymcGi&hf ol yD²a*s
ca&mfvD (P.J Crowley) uawmh tckvdk EdkifiHa&; tiftm;pkawG/ wdkif;&if;om; tiftm;pkawGudk raqG;aEG;bJ a&G;aumufyJG
Oya' jyÏmef;wJhtay:rSm pdk;&drfrdw,fvdk@ ajymoGm;ygw,f? “'Drdkua&pD vdkvm;wJh twdkuftcH tiftm;pkawG/ wdkif;&if;om;
acgif;aqmifawGeJ@ tajctjrpf&dS&dS awGŒqHkaqG;aEG;wmrsKd; t&ifrvkyfbJeJ@ jrefrmtm%mydkifawGbufu wbufowf tckvdk
a&G;aumufyOGJ ya' xkwjf yefvu kd w
f hJ tay:rSm usaemfw@kd pd;k &dryf yl efryd gw,f?” 'ga=umifv h nf;yJ a&G;aumufyu GJ kd trsm;u vufc, H kH
=unfr_ &dSzdk@qdk&if EdkifiHa&;t& awGŒqHkaqG;aEG;r_awG vkyfzdk@udkvnf; tar&duefjynfaxmifpku jrefrmppftpdk;&udk xyfrHawmif;qdk
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (18)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

vdkufygw,f? “tckESpf usif;yr,fh a&G;aumufyJG[m trsm;u vufcH,Hk=unfEdkifavmufwJh a&G;aumufyJG jzpfyghrvm;qdkwm


tar&duefjynfaxmifpk taeeJ@ oHo,&dSaewkef;yg? 'ga=umifh trsm;u vufcH,Hk=unfavmufwJh a&G;aumufyJG jzpfvmzdk@qdk&if
Edik if aH &;rSm t"duusol tm;vH;k eJ@ ppfreS w
f hJ Edik if aH &; awGŒqHak qG;aEG;r_awG vkyzf @kd jrefrmtm%mydik af wGukd wdu k w
f eG ;f ygw,f?” tar&duef
Edik if jH cm;a&;Xme ajymcGi&hf ol yD²a*s ca&mfvD ajymoGm;wm jzpfygw,f? twdu k tf cH 'Dru kd a&pD vdvk m;olawGuawmh tck a&G;aumufyGJ
Oya't& qd&k ifawmh zrf;qD;cHxm;&olawG[m Edik if aH &;ygwu D kd OD;aqmifzŒGJ pnf;cGihf r&dyS gb;l ? 'g[m vlwikd ;f vlwikd ;f Edik if aH &; vkyaf qmif
cGiu hf kd uefŒowfxm;wJh oabmvnf; oufa&mufaeygw,f? jrefrmEdik if rH mS tckvkd ta&;ygot l m;vH;k / txl;ojzifh a':atmifqef;
pk=unf yg0ifciG rhf &bl; qd&k ifawmh 'Da&G;aumufyu GJ kd trsm;u ,H=k unfvufcEH ikd zf , G f r&db
S ;l vd@k vnf; wae@u ukvor*~ twGi;f a&;rª;csKyf
befurD eG ;f (Ban Ki-moon) u owday;cJyh gw,f?
xkdif;&Jzrf;ojzifh xGufajy;onfh rdef;uav; 2 OD; a&epfaoqHk;
(rwfv 9-&uf 2010 {&m0wDtifwmeuf)
xdkif;EdkifiHawmifydkif; zl;cuf+rdKΠaqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;cGif wckwGif xdkif;&Jrsm;u 0ifa&muf zrf;qD;ojzifh xGufajy;=u&if;
jrefrmrdef;uav; 2 OD; a&epfaoqHk;cJh&onf[k owif;&&Sdonf? zl;cuf+rdKΠygawmifurf;ajcrS 13 xyf trnf&Sd aqmufvkyfa&;
vkyif ef;cGiu f kd ,refae@ nae 6 em&Dcef@Y xdik ;f &Jrsm; 0ifa&muf pD;eif;aoma=umifh jrefrmtvkyo f rm;rsm; xGuaf jy;=u&if; tqdyk g
jzpf&yf jzpfymG ;cJo h nf? “usaemhf nDrav;awG tckvkd ao&wm t&rf;cHjyif;w,fAsm? olrsm;a'orSmqdak wmh bmrSvnf; vkyv f @kd r&bl;?
tarqdk t&l;r}uD;vdkjzpfae+yD? tazvnf; ol@orD;av;awG tckvdk &kwfw&uf a&epfao&awmh cHpm;&vGef;vdk@ pum;awmif
rajymEdkifbl;” [k aoqHk;ol rdef;uav;rsm;. tpfudk udkaemifu ajymonf? a&epfaoqHk;olrsm;rSm weoFm&Dwdkif; xm;0,fc&dkif
avmif;vHk+rdKŒe,f tHhaZmf&GmrS OD;jrifhodef;/ a':wifha0wdk@. orD; rjrifhjrifhpef; (12 ESpf) ESifh rndKndKprf; (20 ESpf) wdk@jzpf=uonf?
xdkif;&J 0ifzrf;onfqdkonfESifh tvkyform;vufrSwf r&Sdoltm;vHk; a=umufvef@um eD;&m awmxJ awmifxJodk@ xGufajy;
wdrf;a&Smif=uavh &Sda=umif; od&onf? rjrifhjrifhpef;rSm toufrjynfhao;ojzifh tvkyform;vufrSwf vkyfI r&ao;ouJhodk@
aqmufvkyf a&; vkyfief;cGifwGif tvkyfvkyfaeol r[kwfbJ rdbrsm; tvkyfoGm;aecsdef tdrfr_udpPrsm;udk vkyfudkif ay;aeolom
jzpfonf? rndKndKprf;rSmrl usyef; tvkyo f rm;jzpfonf? tqdyk g aqmufvyk af &; vkyif ef;cGiw f iG f tvkyv f yk af eol b}uD;atmifu
“wef;vsm;udk &J0ifw,f qdak wmh ajy;=uwm? jrifjh rifph ef;uvnf; a=umufa=umufe@J vdu k af jy;&if; a&xJujkd yKwfus+yD; epfomG ;wm?
nDrepfaeawmh tpfru vdkufq,f&if; tpfryg aooGm;w,f? &JawGu uav;awG a&epfwmudk jrifae&ufom;eJ@ rulnDbJ
'Dtwdik ;f =unfah e=uw,f” [kqo kd nf? a&epfaepOf u,fq,f&ef}udK;pm;olukd xdik ;f &Jrsm;u aoewfjzifah xmufum u,fq,fjcif;
rjyK&ef wm;jrpfonf[k od&onf? “udrk ;kd oD;ZGeq f wkd hJ xm;0,fom;wa,mufu 'Dnt D pfrESpaf ,muf a&epfaewmudk u,fz@kd a&xJ
qif;rvd@k vkyw f mudk &Ju u,frvm;/ tzrf;cHrvm;qd+k yD; aoewfe@J a=umudk axmufxm;w,f? olu u,fr,fqakd wmh &JawGu
ol@ukd ykvif;eJ@ aygu+f yD; armif;xkwv f @kd ru,f vdu k &f bl;” [k rsujf rifjzpfol ud^k m%fvif;u ajymonf? xdk 13 xyf aqmufvyk af &;
vkyfief;cGifwGif jrefrma&$Œajymif;tvkyform; 400 eD;yg;cef@ &Sd+yD; trsm;pkrSm tvkyform; vufrSwf vkyfxm;=uaomfvnf;
vuf0,fr&Sd=uay? wcsdKŒrSm vuf&Sd vkyfief;cGif olaX;. emrnfjzifh vufrSwfvkyfxm;olrsm; r[kwf=uaoma=umifh &Jzrf;vSsif
a=umufvef@w=um; ajy;=u&mrS ,ckuo hJ @kd tjzpfq;kd ESihf }uHK&jcif;jzpfonf? ,refae@u tvkyo f rm; 15 OD;cef@ zrf;qD; cH&onf[k
od&onf? zlcuf+rdKŒ&Sd ygawmifurf;ajconf emrnf}uD; yifv,ftyef;ajz pcef;jzpf&m yifv,fxJodk@ vlae&yfuGuftwGif;rS
acsmif;i,f/ ajrmif;i,frsm;u pD;0ifvSsuf&Sdonf? ,ck rdef;uav; 2 OD; a&epfaoqHk;aom ae&mrSm yifv,fxJodk@ pD;0ifaeaom
acsmif;wckwGif jzpfonf? xdkif;EdkifiH zefi tajcpdkuf tvkyform;ta&; aqmif&Gufaeaom GHRE . 'g&dkufwmOD;xl;cspfu
“xdik ;f Edik if tH wGi;f u jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awG=um;rSm 'Dvrkd sKd ; tjzpftysuaf wGuawmh r=umc% }uHKae&wmyg? zrf;rSma=umufv@kd /
wcsKd Œusawmh vufrw S f &Swd mawmif aiGay;&rSm a=umufv@kd ajy;wwf=uw,f” [k qdo k nf? ,ckuo hJ @kd aom jzpf&yfrsm;. t"du
ta=umif;t&if;rSm xdkif; tpdk;&u a&$Œajymif; tvkyform;rsm; wGuf tvkyform; Oya'ESifhtnD tcGifhta&;rsm; wdwdusus
rvkyaf qmif ay;Edik af oma=umifh jzpfonf[k OD;xl;cspu f qufajymonf? zl;cuf+rdKŒ&Sd aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;rsm;wGif jrefrmtrsm;tjym;
tvkyv f yk u f ikd vf sS u&f =dS uonf? tvkyo f rm;ta&; aqmif&u G o f rl sm;. tqdt
k & xdik ;f Edik if w
H 0ef;wGif jrefrma&$ ah jymif;tvkyo f rm;
2 oef;rS 4 oef;txd &So d nf[k od&onf?

Labour Rights is Human Rights


jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (19)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) rwf v 2010

The Joke
ajymif ; oif h + yD
(&$i+f yHK;wc%-abmvH;k [mo)
t*Fvefvufa&G;pif wdu k pf pfrLS ;a[mif; vdik ef u
D mwpfa,muf rde;f ri,fi,fwpfa,mufukd vufxyfvu dk o
f nf?
r=umrDrmS yif ZeD;jzpforl ;D zGm;avonf? touf 60-em;uyfaeaom vdik ef u D mtm; olemjyKu tHtm;wpf}uD;ar;onf?
“'Dtouft&G,rf mS awmif &Siu f tawmfoefprG ;f ao;wmyJ”
“a[mif;ayr,fh aumif;aeao;wJh armfwmwpfv;kH ayghAsm”[k vkid ef u D mut&Geaf zmufvu dk o
f nf?
aemufwpfESpft=umwGif ZeD;onfrSm uav;arG;jyefonf? ,cifolemjyKu t&ifar;cGef;udk ar;jyef&m vdkifeDumu
[movkyaf jymjyefonf? wwd,ajrmuf uav;i,fuw kd pfEpS t
f =umwGif xyfarG;jyefonf?
“'Dwpf}udraf wmh &Sihf armfwmudk qDajymif;xnfo h if+h yDxifw,f? &Sihf ZeD;u vlrnf;uav;arG;wm&Siæ f ”
rSwcf suf? ? (tdwwf if;)bmomjyefonf?

WE DO, SO WE ARE (JACBA)


jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (20)

You might also like