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30802088-Οξειδοαναγωγή - ΓΑΛΑΝΗΣ
30802088-Οξειδοαναγωγή - ΓΑΛΑΝΗΣ
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: Na , Fe , O2 , O3 , P 4
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: Fe +3 +3, -2 -2.
3) .
( ) Na, K, +1 (
) Mg, Ca, Ba, +2.
4) (F) -1.
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5) () -2.
F2 ( ) +2
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.. -1. (.. 2 2 )
6) () +1.
( ), .. -1
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(.. Ca H 2 )
7) To
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K, Na, Ag
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-1
Ba, Ca, Mg, Zn +2
H
+1 (-1)
Al
+3
O
-2 (-1, +2)
Cu, Hg
+1, +2
Cl, Br, I -1 (+1, +3, +5, +7)
Fe, Ni
+2, +3
S
-2 (+4, +6)
Pb, Sn
+2, +4
N, P
-3 (+3, +5)
Mn
+2, +4, +7 C, Si
-4, +4
Cr
+3, +6
13, 14 15 168 .
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e-mail & MSN ID: schoolchem@gmail.com
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(S):
H 2 S O4
S O3
S O2
H2 S
():
H O3
O2
3
(Cl):
H Cl O 4
H Cl O 3
H Cl 2
H Cl O
Cl 2
H Cl
:
1) .
. .. C + O2 CO2
2) .
.. 2HgO Hg + O2. .. 2KClO3
2KCl + 2O2.
.. CaCO3 CaO + CO2 ( .. )
3) .
.
i. .
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:
(K, Ba, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au)
1 + 1 2 + 2
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0
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Cu Cu+2.
.
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2.
+ + 2
:
0
Fe H2 SO 4 Fe SO 4 H 2
:
.
3 2SO4
2.
+ 2 + 2
:
0
Na 2 H 2 O 2 Na OH H2
, 2,
2.
:
Mg s H2 O g MgOs H2 g
ii. .
:
(F2, O3, Cl2, Br2, O2, I2, S)
1 + 1 2 + 2
0
: Cl 2 2K Br 2K Cl Br 2
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(4)
3 - H2SO4:
3 H2SO4
. , , .
5
3 O2 , 3 O
2 S 4 S O2
1) .
- 2SO4 3
. Au Pt.
:
( 3).
, Cu Cu Fe Fe
H2SO4 (
) H2.
2) .
- ,
.
C
P
S
I2
- H2SO4
CO2
H3PO4
SO2
CO2
H3PO4
H2SO4
HIO3
H3PO4
H2SO4
KMnO4 ( ) 2Cr2O7 ( ):
Mn+2 Cr+3. H2SO4.
7
Mn 4 H2 SO 4 Mn SO 4 K 2 SO 4 ...
2 Cr 2 7 H2 SO 4 Cr 2 SO 43 K 2 SO 4 ...
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:
1) KMnO4 + H2S + H2SO4
:
1: :
7
Mn 4 2 S H2 SO 4 Mn SO 4 K 2 SO 4 S
2 : Mn .. , , S .. ,
.
.. Mn : +7 +2, 5. 1 Mn,
.. Mn 1x5 = 5.
.. S : -2 0, 2. 1 S,
.. S 1x2 = 2.
3: 2 MnSO4 5 S. :
7
Mn 4 2 S H2 SO 4 2 Mn SO 4 K 2 SO 4 5 S
4 :
. :
7
2 Mn 4 5 2 S 3 H2 SO 4 2Mn SO 4 K 2 SO4 5S
, 2 . 16
, 8 2 . :
7
2 Mn 4 5 2 S 3H 2 SO4 2Mn SO 4 K 2 SO 4 5S 8 2
2) K2Cr2O7 + Cu + H2SO4
:
1: :
6
2 Cr 7 Cu H2 SO 4 Cr 2 SO 4 3 K 2 SO 4 Cu SO 4
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(6)
2: Cr .. , , o Cu .. ,
.
.. Cr : +6 +3, 3. 2 Cr,
.. Cr 2x3 = 6.
.. Cu : 0 +2, 2. 1 Cu,
.. Cu 1x2 = 2.
.
2.
3: 3 CuSO4 1 Cr2(SO4)3. :
6
2 Cr 7 Cu H2 SO 4 1 Cr 2 SO 43 K 2 SO 4 3 Cu SO 4
4:
. :
0
2 Cr 7 3 Cu 7 H2 SO 4 Cr 2 SO 4 3 K2 SO 4 3Cu SO 4
, 2 . 14
, 7 2 . :
6
:
:
(7)
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