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Khac Biet - Tien Sy Youngme Moon
Khac Biet - Tien Sy Youngme Moon
Khac Biet - Tien Sy Youngme Moon
1 | http://www.taisachhay.com
KHC BIT
Bn quyn ting Vit Cng ty C phn Sch Alpha, 2015
D n 1.000.000 ebook cho thit b di ng
Pht hnh ebook: http://www.taisachhay.com
To ebook: T Hi Triu
Ebook thc hin dnh cho nhng bn cha c iu kin
mua sch.
Nu bn c kh nng hy mua sch gc ng h tc
gi, ngi dch v Nh Xut Bn
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MC LC
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10 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
11 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
12 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
M u
Hy tng tng bn ang ng quy thc phm ng
cc trong mt siu th gn nh. Cng vic ca bn l la
chn mt loi ng cc m bn cha tng n th, nhng
phi chn sao bn n vo l thch lin. Bn s lm nh
th no?
Nu bn l ngi thng xuyn n ng cc th nhim v
ny tht s chng kh khn n th. C l bn s bc n
quy hng v lp tc loi b mt lot sn phm ng cc
chng hn nh ng cc cho tr em... hoc nhng th trng
c v qu ngt. Ri bn s thu hp la chn bng cch tng
thm tiu ch sng lc ph v d, b qua nhng loi c
cha yn mch ng... hoc nhng loi c nhiu cht x.
Sau khi thu hp gian hng xung cn mt vi loi ng cc
c l l su hay by nhn hng bn s a ra mt vi tiu
chun khc c th l b qua nhng loi c nho kh hoc
c bao b xu x cho n khi, bn c c la chn cui
cng.
Ton b bi tp ny c th c hon thnh trong khong
vi pht, tt nhin tr khi bn l tup ngi kh tnh v
gi c ca ba sng; trong trng hp c l s tn
nhiu thi gian hn. Bt lun kt qu ra sao, iu n tng
ca mn trnh din chnh l cch tip cn thng minh ca
bn. Bng cch no , bn hc c cch chia nh
danh mc sn phm theo ng cch ca mt ngi lm
marketing sn phm: mt tp hp nhng ngnh hng ph
v ngnh hng siu ph. Bng cch no , bn hc
c cch chia nh dy trn k hng theo chiu khng
gian, v bng cch no , bn hc c cch nhn ra
s khc bit gia cc thng hiu da trn nhng chi tit
13 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
14 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
15 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
16 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
17 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
18 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
19 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
20 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
21 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
22 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
23 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
24 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
25 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
26 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
27 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
28 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
29 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
30 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
iu th v ca
lng ny l
nhng n c
mt
lng
k. Hu ht
31 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
loi cng c o
tuy n gin,
th nm bt
thng tin ng
nhng bi kim
y l yu t
th hai ca
mt chun m
t tt n khi
gi s so snh.
N m t s
khc bit c
nhn v vch
ra nhng mi
lin h m
trc y bn
khng
nhn
thy. N khin
bn ny ra
nhng lin tng bn chn i loi nh , th ra y l l
do ti sao nhn George mnh c ngh ngay n Richard.
iu m nhng nh kinh doanh lm vi sn phm v
thng hiu cng tng t: H da vo cng c m t
t nn mng cho nhng iu h ang tm hiu. Chun o
cng c thit lp theo phng cch tng t: H kho
32 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Nhng
nh
qun l thng
hiu gi dng
th ny l
bn nh v,
v
nhng
ngnh
hng
khc nhau s c
cc phin bn
khc nhau. V
d, bn nh
v tiu biu ca
ngnh
khch
sn c th c
lp theo phng din gi c, s sang trng, dch v v a
im. Bn nh v tiu biu ca ngnh hng my tnh
xch tay c th c lp theo gi c, chc nng, cht lng
v trng lng.
Sau khi c thit lp, bn ny c th c s dng
nh kim ch nam trong chin lc cnh tranh ca cng ty,
v n khng ch cung cp gc nhn tng quan v tnh cch
thng hiu qua con mt ca ngi tiu dng m cn c
lin quan n s cnh tranh. Khi tt c cc sn phm trong
ngnh hng c biu th trn mt bn duy nht, cc
cng ty c th so snh, i chiu im mnh v im yu
ca mnh vi i th khc.
Tng t,
cng cung
ngi
nh li
bn
cp
tiu
anh
33 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
tng th ny
thng tin cho
dng. Nu bn
chng
ngoi
C l chng ta
khng nhn ra,
nhng tt c
chng ta u
tng c lc s
dng dng bn
tng th
ny. Ln u
tin ti bit
n bo co
i hc ca t
Tin tc Hoa K
v Bo co Th gii c l cch y gn hai mi nm.
Vo lc , c hai iu khin ti ngc nhin v bn bo co.
Th nht l tnh cp tin ca n thng qua s minh bch.
Vo thi i m cc trng i hc quen vi vic da
vo cm nhn v hnh v danh ting thu ht sinh vin,
th bn bo co chng giu gim iu g. N tit l nhng
im chnh ca cc trng i hc nh hc ph, im
SAT, t l ging vin/sinh vin vi mc chi tit m
mt ng vin bnh thng kh lng tm hiu c. Nh
th l ln u tin mi ngi c nhn vo bn trong
mt trng i hc.
Th hai l vic bn bo co mi gi ngi c cng so
snh. Trn thc t, bn bo co l mt bn nh v cnh
tranh di dng bng, v vic hp nht d liu khin
ngi c khng th khng so snh gia cc trng vi
nhau.
Li mt ln na, vi t cch ngi tiu dng, chng ta lun
tm kim nhng chun so snh kiu nh trn. C th d
liu khng c sn dng th, nhng khng thnh vn
34 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
35 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
36 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Ngy nay, c
s trng ging
hai biu ny
th ny hn:
iu g xy
ra trong qung
thi
gian
chuyn tip?
n gin l
tnh hm h v
tin cy
tr
thnh
chun o i
vi
nhng
cng ty trong ngnh hng SUV, ngha l nhng thng hiu
cn thua km trong hai tiu ch ny phi tng tc ui
theo. Khi nhn rng hiu ng ny vi ton b cc tiu ch
nh gi SUV nh mc tiu th nhin liu, xp hng
an ton, s thoi mi hiu ng tch ly s dn ng ha
cc sn phm
trong
ngnh
hng theo thi
gian:
Xu hng cnh
tranh tng t
cng xut hin
trn khp cc
ngnh
hng.
Cch y mi
nm, Volvo l
thng
hiu
ni ting v tnh thit thc v an ton, trong khi Audi l
37 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
38 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Cu hi m cu
l, lm th no
thin
nhng
to khi tham
cuc tho lun
Sau khi cu y
v thm vi
k, ti mi
ng tch ly
gi: Hu nh
trong lp u tp trung ci thin yu
39 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
t ra cho ti
cu c th ci
ng gp sng
gia vo cc
ca chng ti?
ri vn phng
tun ca hc
nhn ra hiu
ca bn nh
mi
ngi
im ca mnh.
40 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Tuy
nhin,
chnh nhng n
lc y thin
ch nhm theo
di v th cnh
tranh thng
qua bn
nh v thng
hiu,
nghin
cu th trng
hay bt c hnh
thc phn tch
cnh tranh no
li bin thnh
chic gy dn by n n vi s ng nht. Quay li
thi im ti trao nhng bn nh gi gia k cho sinh
vin, ti khng h mun gim bt cht lng chung ca
nhng bui tho lun bng cch bp nght s khc bit
gia h, nhng qu thc l iu ti gy ra. Tng t,
khi cc t chc a ra nhng bn nh gi hiu sut ca
nhn vin, h cng khng ch nh ng ha lc lng lao
ng, nhng y c th l h qu tt yu.
Chn l y chnh l: s khc bit tht s hay s khc
bit bn vng khng phi l mt chc nng ton din;
m thng thng, n l chc nng thin lch. S xut sc
41 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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43 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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46 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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48 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
49 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
50 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Nghch l ca s tin b
Vo ci ngy tr thnh mt ngi m, ti nh mt kh
nng nu mnh trong mt khonh khc. Khi cn b, khonh
khc duy nht m ti ch n l khonh khc hin ti.
Ma h l nhng chui ngy li nhc, di l th v trng
rng. Tui ln tm ca ti ng ng nh mt i ngi.
Tui ln chn ca ti ng ng nh mt i ngi. Ri ti
ln mi, v nm y cng ng ng nh mt i ngi.
Nhng khi lm cha m, bn s sng th qu kh, hin ti
v tng lai cng mt lc. l khi bn m cc con vo
lng v nhn ra ch mi nm trc thi chng cn b bng
bit bao... thm ch bn cn t hi nm sau chng s ln
n nhng no. l khi bn tr thnh ngi dch
chuyn gia cc khong thi gian, khi bn va ngc nhin
khi tr thng minh, s kho lo trong cch ni chuyn v
tnh hi hc ca chng chm n... va hi tng li
chng lc b va suy tng v chng khi ln ln. l
khi bn cm thy th hin ti nh di ra, ti bit iu ny
nghe tht k l ta nh ai than vn rng h nh nh
ngay khi ang nh nhng hy tin ti, iu c th xy
ra khi bn sng trong nhiu qung thi gian cng mt lc.
Lm cha m ngha l chm lo cho qu kh v tng lai ca
cc con ci tui m chng cha hiu g v iu . Khi ti
nghe ngi ta ni rng thi gian tri nhanh hn khi bn
gi i, ti ngh h lm. Khng phi thi gian tri nhanh
hn, m l dn vo nhau.
***
Nhn ra nhng im ging nhau v khc nhau gia tui
th ca ti v cuc sng ca cc con ti hin ti, v
51 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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58 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
59 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
60 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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62 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
tiu
dng
hi
lng.
63 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
iu m mi ngy hm qua h
cn trn trng.
li
bc
1.
64 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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Ngnh hng m mt
(i sch ca chng ta)
Trc y, vic bc l v bn thn cng hao hao ging mt
iu khiu v ti chia s mt cht v mnh, bn chia s
mt cht v bn. Ti ni thm vi iu, ri bn ni thm
vi iu na. hiu mt ngi khng ch i hi thi
gian m cn cn s tng tc, mt s trao i song
phng, t nh. Ti bc bch i iu. Ri n bn. n ti.
Ri li n bn. Qua mi ln chia s v bn thn, s quen
bit s c hnh thnh trc tin, ri n s quen thuc
v cui cng l thn mt.
Nhng dng nh mng Internet thay i iu ny.
Hy ln mng v bn s hiu iu ti mun ni.
Match.com, Facebook, Flickr, YouTube Trong mt th
gii chng cht nhng mng li siu lin kt, vic bc l
bn thn khng cn da vo s tng tc; n tr thnh
mt hot ng n phng, v iu kin, cho khng, biu
khng. Vit mt trang blog ng ngha vi th l trc
cng chng. ng k mt ti khon Facebook l dn sn
mt ba tic t bin t din. Cng ngh dng nh
gip gii phng nhng k ho danh bn trong mi chng
ta.
V r rng khng c g m ngi ta khng th chia s
c, thm ch c nhng iu vt vnh nht. Twitter c
hng triu thnh vin hng hi cp nht cho c th gii
bit h ang lm g mi pht, mi giy. Hy xem nhng bi
ng gn y:
74 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
75 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
***
Hy tng tng nu mi ngy, mi ngi trong chng ta
i lm v mc mt chic o thun thn k gip lit k mi
th m chng ta xem trn tivi trong vng 24 ting ng
h tt c chng trnh truyn hnh thc t, tt c cc b
phim hi tnh hung d t, tt c nhng chng trnh v
vn m chng ta chng mun xem nhng rt cuc vn ngi
cho n kt thc ton b cc chi tit t hi s c phi
by ra cho tt c ng nghip ngay khi chng ta bc vo
s lm vo ngy hm sau. Hy tng tng khi thi
quen xem tivi ca chng ta s thay i nhanh chng nh
th no. Hy tng tng khi thi gian xem tivi ca
chng ta s gim bao nhiu. Hy tng tng khi chng
ta s thn trng nhng no khi duyt knh v bit rng
nhng g mnh xem s c cng b khp thin h.
Khi chuyn t tiu dng c nhn sang tiu dng tp th,
chng ta s cn trng hn. Khi mt mnh, chng ta c
php tiu dng ba bi th nn c thoi mi. Nhng khi
bit rng c ngi quan st, chng ta c xu hng ch
nhiu hn, i khi qu mc v by gi chng ta bit rng
mi th chng ta lm, mi th chng ta mc, mi th
chng ta n u c kh nng tit l con ngi tht ca
mnh. V th, chng ta gim st s tiu dng ca mnh theo
cch hon ton khc. Chng ta thay i trang phc trc
khi ra khi nh. Chng ta cn thn la chn thc ung khi
n cng sp. Thm ch khi chng ta quyt nh b qua l
nghi x giao chng hn khi mc chic qun jeans sn
rch nht n d mt bui tic ti trang trng chng ta
vn hnh ng mt cch c ch . S tiu dng tr thnh
mt mn trnh din tht s theo mi ngha.
76 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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***
Tuy nhin trong kinh doanh, ti ch dm chc mt vi iu,
v mt trong s l lng trung thnh thng hiu ngy
cng him. Vng, ng vy, ti va dnh vi trang m t
v s cch ngi tiu dng th hin lng thin cm i vi
thng hiu trong sn trng, trn cc trang Facebook
vy iu ny l sao?
Ti khng cho rng lng trung thnh vi thng hiu
tuyt dit; r rng n vn tn ti. Nh ti ni, a s
chng ta u kn chn th ny hoc th khc cu tr l
ca ti yu nhng i giy Prada; nhng a tr trong
thnh ph ti yu thch qun o hiu Hollister. Nhng
dng nh lng trung thnh vi thng hiu tr nn
kh nm bt hn bao gi ht. Hin tng ny c bit r
rng khi bn loi b nhng ngnh hng ho nhong thi
trang, giy dp, ph kin ni tp trung hot ng tiu
dng cng khai nht. Khi loi b nhng ngnh hng ny,
qu thc lng trung thnh s chng cn l bao, t nht l
theo quan st ca ti.
Trn thc t, ti xin cc rng i vi hu ht mi ngi,
s lng ngnh hng trong h khng trung thnh vi
bt k thng hiu no ln hn nhiu so vi s lng
nhng ngnh hng m h th hin lng trung thnh; ti
cng xin cc rng th cn bng s dch chuyn xa hn
theo thi gian. Trong cc ngnh hng nh khch sn, ngn
hng bn l v thanh nng lng, c hng t thng hiu
ang cnh trnh hng chim c cm tnh ca ti. Tuy
nhin, ti chng cm thy trung thnh vi ai c. Nhng c
cu tui teen trong thnh ph ca ti b ba vy bi rt
nhiu la chn thc n v thc ung tri cy, nhng a s
81 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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thng qua tc phm B mt marketing trong th trng hitech (ca Geoffrey Moore do Alpha Books mua bn quyn
v xut bn nm 2013). H cho rng mt s ngi c xu
hng bnh vc cho cc sn phm mi t nhng th
trng cha trng thnh v chng ta c th phn khc
th trng tim nng cho sn phm mi da trn xu
hng ny. Hc thuyt ny v h thng phn khc th
trng bao gm khch hng tin phong, khch hng sm
thch nghi, khch hng nhanh chn (chim s lng ln),
khch hng chm chn (chim s lng ln) v khch
hng lc hu tr thnh mt phn ct li trong thut
ng kinh doanh ca chng ta, c bit i vi cc doanh
nghip hot ng trong nhng ngnh cng nghip mi ni.
Trong nhng nm gn y, ti ngh s rt th v nu chng
ta th lm mt bi tp xy dng h thng phn khc thay
th nhm th hin mt cn li ca vn : cch thc con
ngi p tr li v s la chn d tha xut pht t
nhng ngnh hng siu trng thnh, nhng ngnh hng
m h qu am hiu. Xin lu rng trong nhng ngnh
hng ny, vn khng phi l thiu vng s quen thuc
hay e ngi i mi, m chnh l s mt mi v hoi nghi v
sn phm.
Nu phi lm bi tp ny, ti s tin hnh nh sau:
Ti s bt u vi nhm ngi m ti gii thiu
vi bn phn trc: nhng chuyn gia ngnh
hng. Nhng chuyn gia ny rt yu thch ngnh
hng v rt sng sut vi nhng la chn ca h,
tuy nhin khng nht thit phi u i mt thng
hiu nht nh no. H cn thn, thng thi v kn
chn, nhng cng chp nhn th nhiu loi sn
88 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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Thot khi by n
Vy, ti xin tm tt li cu chuyn t u. Trong cc
chng trc, ti trnh by rng khi mt ngnh hng
trng thnh, cc cng ty trong ngnh s c xu hng th
hin ngy cng nhiu hnh vi mang tnh by n. Ti cng
lp lun rng chng ta c th d on xu hng di chuyn
theo by n ca cc cng ty, bao gm xu hng m rng
t nhin va n iu va lin tc. Kt qu l ngnh hng
mang c tnh m ti gi l s ng nht bt ng. C v
s la chn, nhng vi nhiu ngi trong chng ta, s
khc bit th hin trong nhng la chn l v ngha.
Trong khi , nhng ngi lm marketing sn phm lm
vic trong nhng cng ty ny tr thnh bc thy ca hai
ngh thut m rng lin tc v sao chp cnh tranh. H
tr thnh thin ti trong vic cng iu ha nhng khc
bit th yu; h tr thnh bc thy trong vic h bin
nhng im tng ng thnh bt ng. V h qu
chm m trong cc k xo ny n ni dng nh khng
nhn ra li tuyn b ca mnh bt u mt i hiu lc; h
qu mi m tri nghim ngnh hng t trong ra ngoi. Khi
ti n thm dn chuyn vin marketing VOSS, ti ly
lm ngc nhin khi bit rng h thc s tin rng nc
ung ca h ngon hn nc ung ca cc i th cnh
tranh.
94 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
95 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
96 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
97 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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99 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
100 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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102 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
103 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
104 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Lc , nhng
cng ty ny
khng ch quy
nh nhp
cnh
tranh
trong ngnh,
m h cn thit
lp chun tiu
dng
trong
cch thc mi
ngi tm kim thng tin trn mng. Thm ch nu c thi
im m ai cng c th tr thnh mt nh tin tri ngha
l ai cng d on c cc Cng thng tin ca Tng lai
s nh th no th chnh l lc ny, v qu o tin ha
ca ngnh hin r hn bao gi ht. R rng, chng ta
ang hng n mt tng lai m trong tt c cc cng
tm kim ch o s mang n v s trang web cha nhiu
li ch v dch v hn. Cnh Cng ca Ngy mai s rng
105 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Hu ht nhng
ngi s dng
thng thng u
khng nhn ra
thi khc
chnh l nh
mnh. T ngy
u tin, cng ty
ch nh cung
cp mt trang ch
sch s nht c
th, thm ch khi
iu ny c ngha l h s b i nhng li ch m ngi
tiu dng quen thuc nhng cng tm kim khc.
Khng c bt k du hiu hu hnh no cho thy Google c
ng tin tc. Hoc d bo thi tit. Hoc thng tin chng
khon. Hoc dch v mua sm. Khng hnh nh, khng
106 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
107 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
108 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
109 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
110 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
111 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
112 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
113 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
114 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
115 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
116 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
117 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
118 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
119 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
120 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
121 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
122 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
123 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Tch bit
y l cu hi dnh cho bn: Nu c mt con r-bt gia
dng, bn s cho n lm vic g?
Do gn y, ti t cu hi trn vi kh nhiu bn b v
nhn c nhng cu tr li nh sau: Ti s cho n ht
bi, mt ngi ni. Ti s cho n ra bt, ngi khc
ni. Ti s cho n ct c. Ti s cho n tr li th in
t. Ti s cho n lau dn phng tm.
im th v ca cu hi kiu ny l bn khng cn gii
thch g thm. Tt c chng ta u bit th no l mt con
r-bt, ti chng cn gii thch r-bt l g, cng chng cn
phi m t r-bt trng nh th no. Tt c chng ta u
mng tng c mt hnh mu chung cho khi nim
ny, thm ch nu ti mun bn v mt con r-bt, chc
hn bc tranh ca bn s gn nh ging ht bc tranh ca
ti.
124 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
125 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
126 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
127 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
128 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
129 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
130 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
131 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
132 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
133 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
134 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
135 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
136 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
137 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
138 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
139 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
140 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
141 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
142 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
143 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
144 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
145 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
146 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
147 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
148 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Th ch
Mt ngy nm 1971, mt o din ngh thut tr tn
Harvey Gabor ngi phc ha tng cho mt mu qung
co truyn hnh mi. Gabor lm vic cho McCann Erickson,
cng ty qung co ca Coca-Cola, v spot qung co ng
mng tng va tin tin, va mang m tnh lc quan
n vin vng: N m t mt nhm thanh nin thuc nhiu
sc tc khc nhau, mc nhng b quc phc khc nhau,
quy qun trn mt ngn i xanh vng ngoi thnh ph
Rome v cng nhau ht vang nhng ca t trong bi nhc
hiu mi nht ca Coca-Cola:
Ti mun dy cho c th gii cng ha nhp ct vang li ca;
Ti mun mua cho c th gii mt chai Coca-Cola, lm bn
ng hnh ng xa.
Mu qung co ny c pht M vo ma h nm 1971,
v ch trong vng vi thng, Coca-Cola nhn c hng
ngn bc th by t lng hm m vi spot qung co,
thm ch bi nhc hiu lt vo top nhng bng xp hng
nhc tr M. Theo thi gian, qung co nh i tr
thnh mt trong nhng mu qung co ni ting nht
trong lch s ngnh truyn hnh.
Thnh cng ny c bit n tng v: Nm 1971 l mt giai
on au kh v bt ha trong lch s nc M. l nm
m t New York Times cng b cc Ti liu Lu Nm Gc,
bo ch y p nhng cu chuyn v tng thng Nixon, Vit
Nam v ng Bo en. Tuy nhin, trong bi cnh xo trn
x hi v bt mn cng ng dng cao, bng cch no ,
Coca-Cola vn c th v nn mt hot cnh v s on kt
v ch ngha lc quan. Mi la tui u thch n, Gabor
149 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
150 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
151 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
152 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
gy hn nh nhau. G cng l mt tn ph m. Nu ai
dm ln ting than phin, g s tng c ngi ra khi
ca hng.
Cu truyn rt vui v cc sinh vin rt thch n, nhng bn
bit iu th v nht l g khng? Trong mu truyn, G
Marketing Th ch li thnh cng mt cch l lng. Bt
chp nhng l do m g a ra xua ui khch hng, h
lun quay li.
***
y l chng ni v nhng thng hiu th ch. Thng
hiu th ch l nhng thng hiu hay ln mt lm cao.
Thay v tri thm cho n, h li gi th khiu chin
n khch hng. Nh th nh qun l ca nhng thng
hiu ny v ly mt cun sch marketing v thm s
tiu cc vo tng cu. Chnh v th, nhng thng hiu th
ch khng tham gia vo th trng theo cch thng
thng, m h phn-th trng.
Mt s thng hiu th ch thc hin iu ny bng cch
thoi mi ni v nhc im ca sn phm, trong khi s
khc li b l khu phn phi; s cn li th t b nhng
qung co tt p thu ht, thay vo , h gi i cc thng
ip nhm xua ui khch hng. Bt k bng mu mo g,
nhng thng hiu th ch dng nn cc ro cn tiu
dng; di nhiu gc khc nhau, nhng ro cn ny c
th c xem l bi kim tra s gn kt ca chng ta vi
thng hiu. Kt qu, h phn ha chng ta nhng s
phn ha r rng, ng s, trong vic tiu dng thng
hiu tr thnh mt biu hin cng khai v lng trung
thnh ca chng ta.
153 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
154 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
155 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
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170 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
171 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
172 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
173 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Khc bit
Do gn y, ti thng ngh n mt thi im no
trong cuc i, bn s bt u tri nghim ton b vng
i ca qu trnh nui dng. l khi nhn vo i mt
gi nua ca b m, bn cm nhn c con lc mi quan
h ang quay ngc v pha bn vi mt sc mnh phi
thng. l khi bn bt u nhn ra rng vi phn lm
con, bn khng cn nhn c s chm sc t cha m na,
m gi n lt bn phi chm sc cho h. Ti on rng
ti khng phi ngi duy nht thy rng s chuyn i
ny qu l kh thch nghi. Chm sc mt a tr bao gi
cng d dng; bn nhn c thnh qu ngay trong hin
ti v c th va nui dy con va tn hng cc thnh
qu. Nhng chm sc mt ngi ln tui, bn cn phi
da vo nhng k c su thm.
Cng kh khn hn na khi bnh xe trch nhim i chiu,
bn chng c nhiu thi gian thch ng. Bn khng th
thoi mi vi vai tr mi; bn b y vo , v s thay i
cm xc t ngt c th khin bn v cng au kh.
l l do ti sao chng ta lun xc ng khi bt gp
nhng ngi con n nhn s thay i ny vi mt tnh
yu thng nguyn vn. Khi chng kin iu ny, lng
ngng m ca ti phn thnh hai hng khc nhau: Lng
ngng m i vi ngi con v h tm c tnh yu
thng trong mnh hon thin nt v cui cng trong
chu k nui dng mt cch mt m v thanh thot v
lng ngng m i vi cha m gi, nhng ngi hy
sinh c cuc i mnh to ra nhng k c dng dc
qu bu cho con ci.
***
174 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
175 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
176 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
177 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
178 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
179 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
180 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
181 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
182 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
183 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
184 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
185 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
186 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
187 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
188 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
189 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
190 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
191 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
192 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
193 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
194 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
195 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
197 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
198 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
199 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
200 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
201 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
202 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
203 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
204 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
205 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
206 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Nh bn c
th thy,
tng
khng ch
xut hin
khp
mi
ni
m
chng cn
nhanh
chng thnh
hnh. iu
ny c ngha
l,
nu
mun,
chng ti c
th
dnh
trn
bui
hi tho
ph
chng, lit
k tt c l
do ti sao
chng
khng thc
tin, khng th thc hin hoc qu nhiu ri ro khi tin
hnh. Qu thc, ban u chng ti cng i theo hng ny.
Bt c khi no mt tng c bit khc l c vit ln
bng, s c ngi lp tc gi tay trnh by tt c nhng l
do ti sao n khng th thc hin.
Nhng chng ti nhanh chng t ra mt nguyn tc.
Nguyn tc l trong thi gian cn li ca bi tp, chng ti
ch c a ra nhng nhn xt tch cc ng gp vo
xut c vit trn bng en. V bn khng th ng c
u, nhit huyt trong lp bt u tng ln, gn nh ngay
lp tc. Cc sinh vin bt u u tranh cho tng yu
thch ca h. H bt u ng no suy ngh v chin dch
marketing. H bt u ngh n nhng gii php tch cc
207 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
208 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
209 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
210 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
***
Mt trong nhng cun sch bn chy nht nm 2003 l
Moneyball (tm dch: Qu bng tin) ca Michael Lewis.
Tc gi tranh lun rng cch ng n nhn nhn
mn bng chy l qua con mt ca ch ngha kinh nghim
cc oan. Cun sch l mt n ging mnh vo nhng
ngi theo ch ngha bng chy thun ty, v n ng
rng ton b vn tri thc ca bng chy truyn thng t
hun luyn vin, qun l khng th snh bng mt nh
thng k vi chic my tnh xch tay.
Sau khi cun sch c pht hnh, mt cuc bt chin
n ra; iu ny chng minh rng c hai cch nm bt
thc ti thng qua nhng th chng ta c th cn o
ong m v thng qua nhng th khng th o lng
v do vng giao thoa gia hai phng php ny khng
nhiu, nn nhng ngi xng cch ny rt d xem nh
tm quan trng ca cch kia.
Tuy nhin y chnh l l do ti sao chng ta s c mt tri
nghim tuyt vi khi ngi xem mt trn u bng chy
tht s quan trng chng hn trn th by trong gii
World Series cng vi mt c nng hm m cung nhit.
Nng fan bng chy cung nhit l mt kho tri thc sng
vi b d liu thng k khng l. Nng c th k vanh vch
t l p bng, t l ginh cht, t l p bng n im v
t l cn bng. Nng c th phn bit gia mt c nm
bng thng tc cao vng ngoi v mt c nm bng
xoy vo trong; v trong trng hp c th, nng c th
c lng xc sut ginh cht ca cu th nh bng ny
khi i u vi cu th bt bng kia.
211 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
212 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
213 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
214 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
Li kt
Ti mun vit cun sch ny v tin rng c vi phn trong
nguyn tc kinh doanh c bn ca chng ta ang b lung
lc. Hot ng cnh tranh ca chng ta hm cha nhng
gi nh cn c nh hnh li.
L mt nh kinh doanh sng trong hin thc v trong thi
i ny, chng ta lun b cng vic cun i. Chng ta phi
qun l chui sn phm, phi hun luyn h thng phn
phi, phi tinh lc thut ton nh gi v phi thun theo
nhng nguyn tc trong bun bn. Th gii chuyn ng
rt nhanh, v th chng ta phi chy ht tc lc, u tranh
gi v tr hng u trong mt b my khin mi th vn
hnh trn tru. Tuy nhin, nh ti cp nhng trang
trc: trong nhiu trng hp, kt qu cui cng ca
nhng m thanh cung n ny ch l ch ngha tng lng
kiu by n, mt loi ch ngha tng lng hu nh
khng mang n s khc bit no.
Ti mun vit cun sch ny v tin chng ta c th lm tt
hn. Khng phi bng cch lm nhiu hn, m bng cch
suy ngh thn trng hn v nhng iu chng ta lm. Ti
lun c gng nhc nh iu ny vi cc sinh vin ca mnh.
S khc bit khng phi l mt chin thut. N khng phi
l mt chin dch qung co xa hoa; n cng khng phi l
mt chc nng mi ho nhong. N khng phi l chic th
thnh vin c p nha hay mt dch v bo m hon
tin. S khc bit l mt np ngh. N l mt li t duy. N
l mt li cam kt. Mt li cam kt gn kt vi khch hng
khng theo cch xa l, m theo cch khin khch hng a
chung, tn trng v thm ch tn thng.
215 | h t t p : / / w w w . t a i s a c h h a y . c o m
nhanh hn s cn li, m v mt mc c bn no ,
chng kin quyt khng tha mn vi hin ti.
V th, gn cui hc k, mt trong s nhng bi tp m ti
thng giao cho sinh vin l: yu cu h hnh dung ra
nhng thng hiu tng ca tng lai. Ti hi h:
Nhng thng hiu ny s trng nh th no? Chng s c
c im chung no?
Nh bn c th hnh dung, bi lun ca cc bn sinh vin
rt tuyt vi, khng ch nh tnh cn trng m cn nh tr
tng tng phong ph ca h. Mt s bi lun cha y
nhng tm nhn y sng to v xu hng tiu dng trong
20 nm ti, trong khi s khc trn ngp nhng li tin tri
thn trng v mt s ngnh hng c th nh thi trang,
khch sn hay nc ngt c gas. Ti thng mang nhng
trch on t cc bi lun ca h vo lp cng tho
lun, v cui bui, lun c mt thi im m cc sinh vin
bt u hi ngc li ti. C ngh nhng thng hiu
tng lai s nh th no? C ngh nhng thng hiu ny
s c c im chung g?
Ging nh h, ti khng th gi v nh mnh c mt qu
cu thy tinh c th thy trc tng lai. Tuy nhin, cng
ging nh h, ti tht s thch th vi vic d on tng
lai. V y l iu ti mun ni vi h.
Ti ngh c im chung u tin ca nhng thng hiu
ny l h s cung cp mt dch v him c. Trong lch s,
cch tt nht mt doanh nghip c th to ra gi tr l
lun cung cp nhng th him c. S khan him lun kch
thch nhu cu.
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Ph lc
(Ghi ch v hp tuyn mt s thng hiu c nhc
n trong sch)
Mi khi ti pht biu hoc ging dy v nghin cu ca
mnh, mi ngi thng yu cu ti cung cp thm thng
v nhng thng hiu ti cp. Vi nhng bn quan
tm tm hiu cc thng hiu c nhc n trong
cun sch ny, ti xin cung cp thm mt s thng tin bn
di. Ti vit nghin cu in hnh chi tit v mt s
cng ty ny; trong cc v d sau y, ti cng km theo
thng tin bn tham kho ton b nhng trng hp
in hnh .
Nc ng chai VOSS/FIJI
Nc ng chai l ngnh mang li nhiu th v khi quan
st; ti lun ngh rng t c trng hp no kh khn hn
khi doanh nghip phi cnh tranh trong mt ngnh hng
m ngun sn phm khng ch min ph m cn hin din
khp ni (trong trng hp ny l nc my). Bng chng
l chng ta c th thy ngnh cng nghip ghi m phi
vt v chng chi nh th no vi cn i dch chia s m
nhc trc tuyn hu Napster.
hiu c mc cnh tranh gay gt trong th trng
nc ng chai, chng ta hy hi tng li thp nin 1980,
khi nc ng chai vn cn l mt ngnh hng ngch
Hoa K di s thng tr ca hai thng hiu: Perrier v
Evian. Ngy nay, c gn 1.000 thng hiu cnh tranh
trong th trng nc ng chai tr gi 11 t -la. Ngnh
hng ny tng trng khng ngng. Gi y, bn c th
mua nc c nhiu hng v (chanh ta, chanh ty, v.v);
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Ch Thch
1. Thanh nng lng (energy bar) l cc loi thc n kh giu
protein v carb, in hnh nh lng kh, loi thc phm gip cung
cp nng lng cho c th trc khi tp th thao.
2. NBA c vit y l National Basketball Association, l gii
bng r nh ngh dnh cho nam ti Bc M (ch yu ti Hoa K).
Gii bao gm 30 cu lc b thnh vin, trong c 29 cu lc b ca
M v 1 cu lc b ca Canada. Gii ny l mt thnh vin ca USA
Basketball (USAB), mt t chc c Lin on Bng r Quc t
cng nhn l c quan iu hnh bng r M. NBA l mt trong bn
gii th thao ln Bc M, bao gm c Major League Baseball
(MLB), National Football League (NFL), v National Hockey League
(NHL).
3. Ritz-Cartlon v Four Seasons l hai chui khch sn v khu ngh
dng cao cp c chi nhnh trn ton th gii.
4. Motel 6 l chui nh tr gi r.
5. Nhn vt chnh trong cun tiu thuyt Nhng cuc phiu lu ca
Tom Sawyer ca nh vn Mark Twain.
6. Gross national cool (ch s vn ha quc gia n tng) l khi
nim pht sinh cng vi Cool Japan, mt chin dch ngoi giao ca
chnh ph Nht Bn nng cao quyn lc mm thng qua vn ha i
chng nhm to ra mt Nht Bn n tng (cool Japan). Khi nim
ny ra i nm 2002, th hin s tri dy ca Nht Bn vi t cch
mt siu cng vn ha.
7. L phong cch thi trang hip-hop dnh cho gii tr.
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