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    CH em Istry: Periodic Table of Elements

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    siva
    This document discusses the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table. It provides 3 key points about their physical and chemical properties: 1. The Group 1 elements are soft, silvery metals that are good conductors of heat and electricity. Their atomic radius and physical properties like density and melting/boiling points increase down the group as the attraction between the nucleus and electrons decreases. 2. They have one valence electron each and share the same chemical properties, including reacting with water to produce hydrogen gas and alkalis or oxygen to produce metal oxides. Their reactivity increases down the group as it becomes easier to donate their valence electron. 3. Examples of chemical reactions shown include the reaction of lithium

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    CH em Istry: Periodic Table of Elements

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    siva
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    This document discusses the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table. It provides 3 key points about their physical and chemical properties: 1. The Group 1 elements are soft, silvery metals that are good conductors of heat and electricity. Their atomic radius and physical properties like density and melting/boiling points increase down the group as the attraction between the nucleus and electrons decreases. 2. They have one valence electron each and share the same chemical properties, including reacting with water to produce hydrogen gas and alkalis or oxygen to produce metal oxides. Their reactivity increases down the group as it becomes easier to donate their valence electron. 3. Examples of chemical reactions shown include the reaction of lithium

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    Chemistry

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    This document discusses the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table. It provides 3 key points about their physical and chemical properties: 1. The Group 1 elements are soft, silvery metals that are good conductors of heat and electricity. Their atomic radius and physical properties like density and melting/boiling points increase down the group as the attraction between the nucleus and electrons decreases. 2. They have one valence electron each and share the same chemical properties, including reacting with water to produce hydrogen gas and alkalis or oxygen to produce metal oxides. Their reactivity increases down the group as it becomes easier to donate their valence electron. 3. Examples of chemical reactions shown include the reaction of lithium

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    14 views8 pages

    CH em Istry: Periodic Table of Elements

    Uploaded by

    siva
    This document discusses the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table. It provides 3 key points about their physical and chemical properties: 1. The Group 1 elements are soft, silvery metals that are good conductors of heat and electricity. Their atomic radius and physical properties like density and melting/boiling points increase down the group as the attraction between the nucleus and electrons decreases. 2. They have one valence electron each and share the same chemical properties, including reacting with water to produce hydrogen gas and alkalis or oxygen to produce metal oxides. Their reactivity increases down the group as it becomes easier to donate their valence electron. 3. Examples of chemical reactions shown include the reaction of lithium

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    of 8

    CH EM ISTRY

    CHAPTER 4:
    PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS

    G RO U P 1
    1.Elements
    in group 1.

    2.Physica
    l
    propertie
    s.

    4.Chemical
    properties.

    3.Changes in
    the physical
    properties.

    5.Reactivity
    .

    6.Chemical reactants of the


    Group 1.

    ELEM EN TS IN G RO U P1
    LITHIUM (Li)
    SODIUM (Na)
    POTASSIUM (K)
    RUBIDIUM (Rb)
    CAESIUM (Cs)
    FRANCIUM (Fr)

    PH YSICAL PRO PERTIES


    Metals/Alkali-metals.
    Soft metals & has silvery surface.
    Good conductor of heat & electricity.
    Atomic radius increase down the group.
    The force of attraction between the nucleus &

    the single valence electron becomes weaker.


    The no. filled electron shells increases when
    descending the group.
    Density , melting & boiling point increases
    down the group.
    The bonds that holds all atoms of Group1
    elements together are known as metallic
    bond.

    CH EM ICALPRO PERTIES
    Same chemical properties because

    each has one valence electron.


    Group 1 elements react with:
    cold water to produce hydrogen gas &

    alkalis.
    Oxygen to produce metal oxide.
    Halogen to produce metal halides.

    ELEMENTS

    DENSITY

    BOILING
    POINT

    LITHIUM
    (Li)

    0.53
    g.cm-3
    0.97
    g.cm-3
    0.86
    g.cm-3
    1.53
    g.cm-3

    1347
    181
    C
    C
    886 C 98 C

    2.8.1

    774 C 64 C

    2.8.81

    SODIUM
    (Na)
    POTASSIUM
    (k)
    RUBIDIUM
    (Rb)
    CAESIUM
    (Cs)

    688
    C

    1.9 g.cm- 378C


    3

    MELTING
    POINT

    ELECTRON
    ARRANGEMEN
    T
    2.1

    39 C

    2.8.18.1

    29 C

    2.8.18.18.8.1

    Going down Group 1, the size of atom becomes


    FRANCIUM
    2.8.18.32.18.
    2.40
    27 C the
    bigger.
    The
    metallic
    bond
    between
    atoms
    (Fr)
    8.1
    -3
    g.cm
    becomes weaker. Less heat energy required to
    overcome the weaker metallic boding.

    REACTIVITY
    Very reactive. Reactivity increases down the

    group.
    Have one valence electron. During chemical
    reaction an atom will donate a valence electron
    to form stable duplet / octet electron
    arrangement.
    Depends on how easily it can donate its
    valence electron. The atomic radius increase
    down the group cause the force of attraction
    between the nucleus and the valence electron
    become weaker thus, making it easier to
    donate its valence electron.

    CH EM ICAL REACTIO N
    2Li(s) + 2H 2O (l)
    4Li(s) + O 2(g)
    Li2 O (s) + H 2 O (l)

    2LiO H (aq) + H 2(g)


    2Li2O (s)
    2LiO H (aq)

    2N a(s) + Cl2(g)

    2N aCl(s)

    2K(s) + BR 2(g)

    2KBr(s)

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