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    Greece Part 1

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    Ancient Greece developed between 800 BCE to 300 BCE from the cultural mixing of the Mycenaeans, Minoans, and Dorians. The geography of Greece, with its peninsulas and islands, made unification difficult and led to the development of independent city-states. Notable city-states included Athens and Sparta. The Greeks developed a polytheistic religion and epics like the Iliad and Odyssey. They experimented with forms of government from oligarchy to democracy. The Persian Wars in the 5th century BCE were important conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire that resulted in victories for the Greeks at Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

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    Greece Part 1

    Uploaded by

    api-273006303
    233 views17 pages
    Ancient Greece developed between 800 BCE to 300 BCE from the cultural mixing of the Mycenaeans, Minoans, and Dorians. The geography of Greece, with its peninsulas and islands, made unification difficult and led to the development of independent city-states. Notable city-states included Athens and Sparta. The Greeks developed a polytheistic religion and epics like the Iliad and Odyssey. They experimented with forms of government from oligarchy to democracy. The Persian Wars in the 5th century BCE were important conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire that resulted in victories for the Greeks at Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

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    Ancient Greece developed between 800 BCE to 300 BCE from the cultural mixing of the Mycenaeans, Minoans, and Dorians. The geography of Greece, with its peninsulas and islands, made unification difficult and led to the development of independent city-states. Notable city-states included Athens and Sparta. The Greeks developed a polytheistic religion and epics like the Iliad and Odyssey. They experimented with forms of government from oligarchy to democracy. The Persian Wars in the 5th century BCE were important conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire that resulted in victories for the Greeks at Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

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    233 views17 pages

    Greece Part 1

    Uploaded by

    api-273006303
    Ancient Greece developed between 800 BCE to 300 BCE from the cultural mixing of the Mycenaeans, Minoans, and Dorians. The geography of Greece, with its peninsulas and islands, made unification difficult and led to the development of independent city-states. Notable city-states included Athens and Sparta. The Greeks developed a polytheistic religion and epics like the Iliad and Odyssey. They experimented with forms of government from oligarchy to democracy. The Persian Wars in the 5th century BCE were important conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire that resulted in victories for the Greeks at Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

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    of 17

    Ancient Greece

    800 b.c.e 300


    b.c.e. circa
    .

    Geography
    Greeces

    Geography had a very important role


    in forming the Ancient Greek Civilization.

    Peninsula w/ islands This separated the citystates & made it harder to unify Greece.

    Mountainous land made it hard grow food.


    Mediterranean Sea Supplied food & Transportation.
    Climate = great! Nice to live there

    Ancient Greeces Influences


    3 groups culturally mixed and the result was the
    Greeks.
    -Mycenaeans

    - Came from Central Europe


    -Minoans Brought the Greek writing systems
    -Dorians Gave them language
    *The Phoenicians gave them an alphabet

    The Results of this cultural diffusion was the


    ancient Greeks who:
    -Were

    Great Sailors
    -Were Culturally diverse
    -Had a writing system that was not complicated
    More people could read & write

    Ancient Greek Stories & Myths


    850 b.c.e. (circa) a blind poet named Homer
    writes 2 Epic Poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey
    -The

    Iliad tells of the war between Greece and

    Troy
    -The Odyssey tells of Odysseuss (one of the
    Greeks) trip home

    Greeks were polytheistic; they created stories to


    explain the unknown
    -The

    Animal Kingdom where do spiders come


    from?
    -Life and Death
    -Nature - Why does the Earth shake?

    Governments
    -Oligarchy

    A few powerful People i.e. a king

    & subjects
    -Aristocracy The most powerful rule
    -Democracy Ruled by the People
    -Monarchy King Only

    City-States & War


    Greece had hundreds of city states, famous ones
    were
    - Athens
    - Sparta
    - Thebes

    Most city-states had a king in charge of the land


    i.e. Leonidas I was the king of the Spartans
    The Athenians were different They used an
    aristocracy then a democracy
    Draco was an Ancient Athenian legislator who
    created laws for all Citizens to follow. The laws
    were often harsh but did make ALL Citizens
    equal.

    Persian Wars

    The Persian Empire was born


    Used Peace & Tolerance to Unify hundreds of city-states and the largest army
    the world had ever seen
    o Due to the size of the Empire, the Persian Kings created the Royal Road
    o

    The Persian & Greek Civilizations both wanted


    control of the Mediterranean & went to war!

    Greeks
    -

    vs.

    Better trained
    Defensive
    Used a Phalanx

    Persians
    - Larger Army
    - Surprise attacks
    - Used intimidation

    We know about the wars because of the Greek


    Historian Herodotus History is written by the
    winners!!!

    Famous Battles
    Marathon 10,000 Greeks vs. 25,000
    Persians

    City-state of Marathon attacked

    Greek forces defeated the Persians

    The Greek messenger Pheidippides ran


    26.2 to Athens to tell of victory, and then
    he died!

    Thermopylae
    2000 Greeks w/ 300 Spartans vs Xerxes I army of
    over 1,000,000!

    Persia surprise attacked southern Greece with


    the largest land army in history.

    The Spartans used the Phalanx to slow the


    Persians

    Persians finally broke through, but the rest of


    Greece was able to immobilize

    The 2000 Greeks & 300 Spartans all died but


    Gave Greece Pride & showed organization is
    better than size of army!

    TRIREME

    Triremes derived their name from


    having three banks of rowers
    who sat almost on top of each
    other on each side of the ship.
    Build for speed and
    maneuverability rather than
    strength, they relied primarily on
    the muscle-power of their 170
    rowers and used their front ram
    to devastating effect

    Salamis

    Naval Battle fought of the coast of Salamis


    Large Persian fleet is ambushed by Greeks
    Greeks are better sailors and have smaller, quicker
    ships
    Persians fleet is wiped out

    Salamis was a Very important battle because the Persians


    were defeated & gone for good

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