This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been

fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON JOURNAL KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, MANUSCRIPT ID

Query Planning for Continuous Aggregation

Queries over a Network of Data Aggregators
Rajeev Gupta, and Krithi Ramamritham, Fellow IEEE
AbstractContinuous queries are used to monitor changes to time varying data and to provide results useful for online
decision making. Typically a user desires to obtain the value of some aggregation function over distributed data items, for
example, to know value of portfolio for a client; or the AVG of temperatures sensed by a set of sensors. In these queries a client
specifies a coherency requirement as part of the query. We present a low-cost, scalable technique to answer continuous
aggregation queries using a network of aggregators of dynamic data items. In such a network of data aggregators, each data
aggregator serves a set of data items at specific coherencies. Just as various fragments of a dynamic web-page are served by
one or more nodes of a content distribution network, our technique involves decomposing a client query into sub-queries and
executing sub-queries on judiciously chosen data aggregators with their individual sub-query incoherency bounds. We provide a
technique for getting the optimal set of sub-queries with their incoherency bounds which satisfies client querys coherency
requirement with least number of refresh messages sent from aggregators to the client. For estimating the number of refresh
messages, we build a query cost model which can be used to estimate the number of messages required to satisfy the client
specified incoherency bound. Performance results using real-world traces show that our cost based query planning leads to
queries being executed using less than one third the number of messages required by existing schemes.
Index TermsAlgorithms, Continuous queries, Distributed query processing, Data dissemination, Coherency, Performance.

1 INTRODUCTION

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Digital Object Indentifier 10.1109/TKDE.2011.12

1041-4347/11/$26.00 2011 IEEE

This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON JOURNAL NAME, MANUSCRIPT ID

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1.3 Outline of the Paper

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Symbols

Description

Set of aggregators in the network.

Number of data aggregators (DAs).

Set of data items disseminated by the network.

Incoherency bounds of data items.

ak

kth data aggregator, 1kN

Dk

Set of data items disseminated by the kth DA.

dkj

jth data item disseminated by the kth DA.

tkj

Incoherency bound which ak can ensure for dkj.

Client query.

Cq

Incoherency bound for q.

nq

Number of data items in q.

dqi

ith data item of the query q.

vqi(t)

Value of the ith data item of the query q at time t.

wqi

Weight of the data item dqi for the query q.

Vq(t)

Value of the query q at time t.

qk

Sub-query of q to be executed at ak .

Cqk

Incoherency bound of qk.

Rq

Sumdiff of the query q.

Correlation measure between data items

Query satisfiability parameter

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Figure 1. Number of pushes vs. incoherency bounds

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2.1 Incoherency Bound Model

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(a) C=0.001
Figure 2. Number of pushes vs. data sumdiff

(b) C=0.01

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2.2 Data Dynamics Model

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Rajeev Gupta got his BTech from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)
Kharagpur, India in Electronics Engineering. He is currently pursuing
his PhD from IIT Mumbai, India in Computer Science. He is working
as Researcher at IBM Research, New Delhi, India for last 10 years.
Krithi Ramamritham received the PhD in Computer Science from
University of Utah and then joined the University of Massachusetts.
He is currently at IIT Bombay as Professor in the Department of
Computer Science. He is a fellow of IEEE and a fellow of ACM. He
has served on numerous program committees of conferences and
workshops. His editorial board contributions include IEEE Transactions, the Real Time Systems Journal, and the VLDB Journal.