Bien Tan 3pha Tiet Kiem Nang Luong

I HC THI NGUYN
TRNG I HC K THUT CNG NGHIP
NG MINH HONG
NGHIN CU B BIN I NGHCH LU BA PHA

TIT KIM NNG LNG
CHUYN NGNH: T NG HA
LUN VN THC S K THUT
THI NGUYN - 2012
So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu
http://www.lrc.tnu.edu.vn/
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM
I HC THI NGUYN
TRNG HKT CNG NGHIP
c lp T do Hnh phc
THUYT MINH
LUN VN THC S K THUT
TI:
NGHIN CU B BIN I NGHCH LU BA PHA

TIT KIM NNG LNG
Hc vin
: Ng Minh Hong
Lp
: CH - K13
Chuyn ngnh
: T ng ha
CB hng dn khoa hc : PGS.TS. Nguyn Nh Hin
BAN GIM
HIU
KHOA T
SAU I HC
CB HNG DN KHOA
HC
HC VIN
PGS.TS. Nguyn Nh Hin
Ng Minh Hong
LI CAM OAN
Ti l Ng Minh Hong hc vin lp cao hc K13 T ng Ho nin
kho 2010 -2012. Sau hai nm hc tp v nghin cu, c s gip ca cc
thy c gio v c bit l PGS.TS Nguyn Nh Hin, thy gio hng dn tt
nghip ca ti, ti i n cui chng ng kt thc kho hc thc s.
Ti quyt nh chn ti tt nghip l: " Nghin cu b bin i
nghch lu ba pha tit kim nng lng ".
Ti xin cam oan y l cng trnh nghin cu ca cc nhn ti di s
hng dn ca PGS.TS Nguyn Nh Hin v ch tham kho cc ti liu c
lit k. Ti khng sao chp cng trnh ca cc nhn khc di bt k hnh thc
no. Nu c ti xin chu hon ton trch nhim.
Ngi cam oan
Ng Minh Hong
MC LC
Trang
Li cam oan
Mc lc
Danh mc cc k hiu v ch vit tt
Danh mc cc hnh v
M u
10
CHNG I
12
GII THIU V BIN TN BA PHA

1.1. Gii thiu v bin tn s dng in t cng sut
12
1.1.1. Bin tn
12
1.1.2. B bin tn trc tip
13
1.1.3. B bin tn gin tip
17
1.1.3.1. B bin tn gin tip dng chnh lu iu khin
18
1.1.3.2. B bin tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin c thm b

bin i xung p
19
1.1.3.3. B bin tn dng b chnh lu khng iu khin vi b

nghch lu PMW
20
1.1.3.4. Bin tn iu khin vector
21
1.2. Bin tn ba pha
23
1.2.1. Gii thiu chung
23
1.2.2. Bin tn ba pha trc tip
23
1.2.3. Bin tn ba pha gian tip
25
1.3. La chn hng ng dng cho h thng truyn ng s dng bin tn 26

ba pha
1.3.1. La chn bin tn
26
1.3.2. La chn ng c
28
1.3.3. La chn ph ti
29
1.3.3.1. Ch lm vic ca ti
30
1.3.3.2. Cc yu cu v truyn ng in
32
1.3.3.3. Yu cu v dng chnh xc, tit kim nng lng v an ton. 33

1.3.3.4. Tnh chn cng sut ng c
35
1.4. Kt lun
38
CHNG II
NGHIN CU H THNG BIN TN BA PHA

- NG C KHNG NG B ROTOR LNG SC
2.1. M hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c khng ng b ba pha
40
40
2.1.1. c im ca m hnh ton hc trng thi ng ca ng c

khng ng b
40
2.1.2. M hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c KB ba pha
42
2.1.2.1. Phng trnh in p
43
2.1.2.2. Phng trnh t thng
44
2.1.2.3. Phng trnh chuyn ng
48
2.1.2.4. Phng trnh m men
48
2.1.2.5. M hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b ba pha
49
2.2. Gii thiu v iu khin tn s ng c khng ng b

2.2.1. iu khin v hng (SFC: Scalar Frequency Control)
50
51
2.2.2. iu khin nh hng theo t trng (FOC: Field Oriented

Control)
52
2.2.3. iu khin trc tip mo men (DTC: Direct Toque Control)
57
58
2.3 Kt lun
CHNG III
KHO ST CHT LNG H THNG BIN TN BA PHA
NG C KHNG NG B CHO CABIN THANG MY
59
3.1. Phn tch h truyn ng bin tn ng c khng ng b cho

Cabin thang my
59
3.1.1. Khi mch lc
59
3.1.2. Khi iu khin
60
3.2. Cc thng s ch yu ca h truyn ng bin tn ASM
64
3.2.1. ng c ASM
64
3.2.2. S liu v bin tn
64
65
3.3. S m phng v cc kt qu
3.3.1. S m phng h thng v s minh ha chi tit:
65
3.3.2. Cc kt qu m phng
71
73
3.4. Kt lun
KT LUN V KIN NGH
74
TI LIU THAM KHO
75
DANH MC CC K HIU V CH VIT TT

x(t), x
Gi tr tc thi
X*, x*
Gi tr t
Gc pha ca vector chun
H s cng sut
Gc pha dng in
Vn tc gc
Gc pha
Gc pha iu khin
cos
H s cng sut c bn
Tn s
i(t), i
Gi tr dng in tc thi
n v o
X, x
Sai lch
kP, kI
H s khuych i, h s tch phn
p(t), p
Cng sut tc dng tc thi
q(t), q
Cng sut phn khng tc thi
Gi tr thi gian tc thi
v(t), v
Gi tr in p tc thi
Vector t thng o
Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to -
Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to -
Ld
Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to d - q
Lq
Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to d - q
uL
Vector in p li
uL
Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to -
uL
Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to -
uLd
Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to d - q
uLq
Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to d - q
iL
Vector dng in li
iL
Thnh phn vector dng in li trn h trc to -
iL
Thnh phn vector dng in li trn h trc to -
iLd
Thnh phn vector dng in li trn h trc to d - q
iLq
Thnh phn vector dng in li trn h trc to d - q
uS, uconv Vector in p vo b chnh lu

uS
Thnh phn vector in p vo b chnh lu trn h trc to -
uS
Thnh phn vector in p vo b chnh lu trn h trc to -
uSd
Thnh phn vector in p vo b chnh lu trn h trc to d - q
uSq
Thnh phn vector in p vo b chnh lu trn h trc to d - q
udc
Gi tr in p mt chiu
idc
Gi tr dng in mt chiu
Sa,Sb,Sc, Trng thi ng ct ca b bin i

C
Gi tr t in
Gi tr hiu dng ca dng in
Gi tr in cm
Gi tr in tr
Cng sut biu kin
Chu k
Cng sut tc dng
Cng sut phn khng
Tng tr khng
4Q
Bn gc phn t (vit tt ca Four(4) Quater)
DPC
iu khin trc tip cng sut (vit tt ca Direct Power Control)
DTC
iu khin trc tip mmen (vit tt ca Direct Toque Control)
DPF
H s cng sut dch chuyn (vit tt ca Displacement Power Factor)
FOC
iu khin ta t trng (vit tt ca Field Oriented Control)
PF
H s cng sut (vit tt ca Power Factor)
PWM
iu ch rng xung (vit tt ca Pulse Width Modulation)
Te
Mmen in t
VOC
iu khin ta theo in p li (vit tt ca Voltage Oriented Control)
DANH MC CC HNH V
Hnh 1.1: Mt s hnh nh v bin tn
Hnh 1.2: S khi quy trnh iu khin tc ng c s dng PLC
kt ni bin tn
Hnh 1.3: Thit b bin tn trc tip
Hnh 1.4: S nguyn l b bin tn trc tip
Hnh 1.5: th in p u ra ca thit b bin tn xoay chiu xoay chiu
hnh sin
Hnh 1.6: Sng hi bc nht dng, p trn ti v cc ch lm vic ca
cc khu trong bin tn trc tip
Hnh 1.7: Thit b bin tn gin tip
12
13
14
14
15
17
18
Hnh 1.8: B bin tn gin tip c khu trung gian mt chiu

Hnh 1.9: B bin tn iu khin vector
19
22
Hnh 1.10 : Cu trc bin tn ma trn ba pha trc tip

Hnh 1.11: Cu trc bin tn ma trn gin tip ba pha
24
25
Hnh 1.12 Ch lm vic ca Cabin thang my

Hnh 1.13: Cc ng cong biu din s ph thuc ca qung ng S,
tc v, gia tc a v dt theo thi gian.
Hnh 2.1: S cu trc iu khin nhiu bin ca ng c khng ng b
Hnh 2.2: S cu trc iu khin h thng iu tc bin tn ca ngc
khng ng b nhiu bin
Hnh 2.3: M hnh vt l ng c khng ng b ba pha
Hnh 2.4: Cu trc iu khin v hng h truyn ng bin tn- ng c
khng ng b
Hnh 2.5: S cu trc bin i ta ng c khng ng b
Hnh 2.6: tng cu trc h thng iu khin vect
Hnh 2.7 : Cu trc iu khin vect ca h truyn ng bin tn ng c
ng b kch t nam chm vnh cu
Hnh 2.8: S khi h bin tn ng c khng ng b, iu khin trc tip
mmen.
31
Hnh 3.12: S nguyn l phn lc truyn ng bin tn ng c khng

ng b rotor lng sc
Hnh 3.13: Cu trc khi iu khin chnh lu PWM theo VOC
Hnh 3.14: Cu trc khi iu khin nghch lu ca h truyn ng
bin tn ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc
Hnh 3-15: S m phng h bin tn 4Q - ng c khng ng b ba pha
rotor lng sc iu khin theo VOC - DTC
Hnh 3-16: Trin khai chi tit khi PLECS Circuit
Hnh 3-17: Trin khai chi tit khi IGBT Converter
Hnh 3-18: Thng s ng c ASM
32
41
42
43
51
54
55
56
58
59
61
63
65
66
66
67
Hnh 3-19: M t ton hc ng c ASM

Hnh 3-20: Khi iu khin PWM
Hnh 3-21: Khi Current Control
Hnh 3-22: Khi Voltage Control
Hnh 3-23: Khi Inv_Motor
Hnh 3-24: Khi Inv_Motor/ Direct Torque Control
Hnh 3-25: Khi Inv_Motor/ Speed Control
Hnh 3-26. th tc ca Cabin
Hnh 3-27. th m men ca Cabin
Hnh 3-28. th tc v m men ca Cabin
68
68
69
69
70
70
71
71
72
73
LI NI U
Ngy nay vi s pht trin nhanh chng k thut in t, tin hc v t
ng ha, nn cng nghip nc ta ang tng ngy hi nhp vi nn kinh t th
gii v tip nhn nhng thnh tu mi nht ca khoa hc v cng ngh. y l
nhng yu cu v thch thc i hi i ng cc nh khoa hc k thut v cng
nhn trong nc phi khng ngng hc tp tip cn v lm ch nhng cng
ngh tin tin ca th gii.
Sau 2 nm c o to thc s to trng i hc K thut Cng
nghip, ti c giao ti lun vn tt nghip l Nghin cu b bin i
nghch lu ba pha tit kim nng lng. i tng nghin cu l h truyn
ng bin tn ba pha - ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc cho ph ti th
(Cabin thang my).
Lun vn gm c 3 chng:
Chng I : Gii thiu v bin tn ba pha.
Chng II : Nghin cu h truyn ng bin tn ba pha ng c khng
ng b rotor lng sc.
Chng III : Kho st cht lng h truyn ng bin tn ba pha - ng
c khng ng b rotor lng sc cho cabin thang my.
ti c hon thnh, ngoi s n lc ca bn thn cn c s ch
bo, gip ng vin ca cc thy c gio, gia nh, bn b v ng nghip.
Ti xin gi li cm n su sc nht n PGS.TS Nguyn Nh Hin , ngi
lun quan tm ng vin, khch l v tn tnh hng dn ti trong sut qu trnh
thc hin lun vn. Chn thnh cm n thy.
10
Cc vn c cp n trong quyn lun vn ny chc chn khng

trnh khi thiu st, ti rt mong nhn c nhng kin ng gp t cc thy
c v cc bn ng nghip.
Xin trn trng cm n!
11
CHNG I
GII THIU V BIN TN BA PHA
1.1. Gii thiu v bin tn s dng in t cng sut
1.1.1. Bin tn
B bin i tn s hay cn gi l b bin tn l thit b bin i dng in xoay
chiu tn s ny thnh dng in xoay chiu c tn s khc m c th thay i
c.
Hnh 1.1. Mt s hnh nh v bin tn
i vi cc b bin tn dng cho vic iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu th

ngoi vic thay i tn s, chng cn c th thay i c in p ra khc vi in p
li cp vo b bin tn.
B bin tn chia lm hai nhm :
- Bin tn my in : s dng my in xoay chiu lm bin i tn s ngun
in.
- Bin tn s dng in t cng sut ( bin tn van) : dng cc tn hiu iu
khin ng m cc van ( thng l tiristor hay transistor) bin i dng in xoay
chiu tn s ny thnh dng in xoay chiu c tn s khc
12
Bin tn van thng c chia thnh hai loi :

- Bin tn trc tip
- Bin tn gin tip
Bin tn van c ng dng rng ri v c nhiu u im nh kch thc nh
nh, khng gy n, h s khuch i cng sut ln, hiu sut cao.
Hnh 1.2. S khi quy trnh iu khin tc ng c s dng

PLC kt ni bin tn
1.1.2 Bin tn trc tip

Bin tn trc tip l b bin i tn s trc tip t li in xoay chiu khng
thng qua khu trung gian mt chiu. B bin tn ny thng dc dng
cho truyn ng c cng sut ln, tc lm vic thp.
13
Cu trc ca b bin tn ny nh hnh 1.3, trong ch cn dng mt b bin

i l c th bin i ngun in xoay chiu c in p v tn s khng i thnh
in p xoay chiu c in p v tn s iu chnh c.
~3
U 1 ,f 1
~3
U 2 ,f 2
BIN TN
Hnh 1.3: Thit b bin tn trc tip
B bin tn gm hai b chnh lu ni song song ngc nh hnh 1.4. Cc b

chnh lu ny c th l s ba pha c im trung tnh, s cu hoc cc b chnh
lu nhiu pha. S pha ca b chnh lu (m) cng ln th thnh phn sng iu ha
bc cao cng gim.
~3
U 1 ,f 1
~3
U 2 ,f 2
Ti
Hnh 1.4 : S nguyn l b bin tn trc tip
Nguyn l lm vic ca b bin tn nh sau:

Mi mt pha u ra ca b bin tn trc tip u c to ra bi mch in mc
song song ngc hai s chnh lu tiristor. Hai s chnh lu thun ngc ln
lt c iu khin lm vic theo chu k nht nh. Trn ph ti s nhn in p ra
xoay chiu U 1 . Bin ca n ph thuc vo gc iu khin ,cn tn s ca n
ph thuc vo tn s khng ch qu trnh chuyn i s lm vic ca hai s chnh
lu mc song song ngc. Nu gc khng thay i th in p trung bnh u ra c
14
gi tr khng i trong mi na chu k in p u ra. Mun nhn c in p u

ra c dng gn hnh sin hn cn phi lin tc thay i gc iu khin cc van ca
mi s chnh lu trong thi gian lm vic ca n ( mi na chu k in p ra);
chng hn na chu k lm vic ca s thun , thc hin thay i gc iu khin
t / 2 (ng vi in p trung bnh bng khng ) gim dn n 0 ( ng vi in p
trung bnh t cc i), sau tng dn t 0 ln ti / 2 th in p trung bnh u

ra ca s chnh lu li t gi tr cc i gim v 0, tc l lm cho gc thay i
trong phm vi / 2 0 / 2 in p bin i theo quy lut gn nh hnh sin, nh
trn hnh 1.5 . Trong ti im A c = 0, in p chnh lu trung bnh cc i,
sau ti im B,C,D,E gc tng dn ln, in p trung bnh gim xung dn, cho
n im F vi = / 2 in p trung bnh l 0. in p trung bnh trong na u
chy k l hnh sin nh nt t trong hnh. S iu khin s ngc trong na chu
k m in p ra cng tng t nh th.
Hnh 1.5. th in p u ra ca thit b bin tn xoay chiu

xoay chiu hnh sin
Trn y phn tch u ra mt pha bin tn xoay chiu xoay chiu ( trc
tip), i vi ph ti ba pha, hai pha khc nhau cng dng mch in o chiu mc
song song ngc, in p trung bnh u ra c gc lch pha nhau 120 o . Nh vy,
nu mi mt s chnh lu u dng loi s cu ba pha th b bin tn ba pha
15
s cn tng cng ti 36 tiristor ( mi nhnh cu ch dng mt tiristor ) nu dng lai

s tia ba pha, cng phi dng ti 18 tiristor. V vy thit b bin tn trc tip tuy
v mt cu trc ch dng mt khu bin i nhng s lng linh kin li tng ln rt
nhiu khin cho tng kch thc tng ln rt ln. Do nhng thit b ny u tng t
nh thit b ca b bin i c o dng thng dng trong h thng iu khin iu
tc mt chiu c o chiu nn qu trnh chuyn mch chiu dng in c thc
hin ging nh trong s chnh lu c iu khin (chuyn mch t nhin) i vi
cc linh kin khng c yu cu g c bit. Ngoi ra t hnh 1.5 c th thy, khi in
p i chiu th hnh sin ca in p ngun cng c th bin i theo rt nhanh
chng, v vy tn s u ra ln nht cng khng vt qu 1/3 -1/2 tn s li in (
ty theo s pha chnh lu ) nu khng th u ra s thay i rt ln, s nh hng
ti s lm vic bnh thngca h thng iu tc bin tn. Do s lng linh kin
tng nhiu tn s u ra gim xung, phm vi thay i tn s u ra ca b bin tn
hp (v cng b gii hn c tn s thp nht) nn h iu tc ny t c s dng, ch
trong mt s lnh vc yu cu cng sut ln v tc lm vic thp, chng hn nh
my cn thp, my nghin bi, l xi mng nhng loi my ny khi dng ng c
tc thp c cp in bi bin tn trc tip c th loi b c hp gim tc rt
cng knh v thng tiristor mc song song ngc mi tha mn c yu cu cng
sut ra. B bin tn trc tip tuy c mt s nhc im l s lng phn t nhiu
,phm vi thay i tn s khng rng , cht lng in p ra thp nhng c u im
l hiu sut cao hn so vi cc b bin tn gin tip, iu ny c bit ngh khi
cng sut h thng iu tc cc ln ( cc h thng dng ng c cng sut n
16.000 KW). Trn th dng sng hnh 1.6 ta thy cng sut tc thi ca bin tn
bao gm c bn giai on.
16
\
Hnh 1.6: Sng hi bc nht dng, p trn ti v cc ch lm vic ca
cc khu trong bin tn trc tip
Trong hai khong ta c tch in p v dng in ca bin tn dng, bin tn

ly cng sut t li cung cp cho ti. Trong hai khong cn li ta c tch in p v
dng in ca bin tn m nn bin tn bin i cung cp li cng sut cho li.
1.1.3 B bin tn gin tip
B bin tn trc tip c u im l c th thit k vi mt cng sut kh ln
u ra v hiu sut cao nhng cng tn ti mt s nhc im nh :
- Ch to ra in p xoay chiu u ra vi tn s thp hn tn s in p li.
- Kh iu khin tn s cn khng v khi tn hao sng hi trong ng c
kh ln.
- tinh v chnh xc trong iu khin khng cao.
- Sng in p u ra khc xa hnh sin.
17
Chnh v nhng c im trn m mt loi bin tn khc c a ra nng

cao cht lng h thng truyn ng bin tn ng c xoay chiu l bin tn
gin tip . B bin tn gin tip cho php khc phc nhng nhc im ca b bin
tn trc tip.
Hnh 1.7: Thit b bin tn gin tip
B bin tn gin tip c khu trung gian 1 chiu nn c th c cc cu trc

khc nhau, cu trc chung uc m t nh hnh 1.7. V c bn c th c ba khu
chnh : chnh lu, lc v nghch lu. Ph thuc vo vic iu chnh in p u ra
m c th c ba dng sau : B bin tn dng chnh lu c iu khin , b bin tn
dng chnh lu khng iu khin nhng thm b bin i xung p 1 chiu, b bin
tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin vi nghch lu thc hin iu ch rng xung
( PWM).
1.1.3.1. B bin tn gin tip dng chnh lu iu khin
B bin tn c cu trc nh hnh 1.8a, in p xoay chiu li in c bin
i thnh in p 1 chiu c iu chnh nh chnh lu iu khin tiristor, khu lc c
th l b lc in dung hoc in cm ph thuc vo dng nghch lu yu cu, khi
nghch lu c th s dng cc tiristor hoc transistor. Vic iu chnh gi tr in p
ra U 2 oc thc hin bng vic iu khin gc iu khin b chnh lu, vic iu
chnh tn s tin hnh bi khu nghch lu, tuy nhin qu trnh iu khin c phi
hp trn cng mt mch in iu khin. Cu trc ca b bin tn loi ny n gin,
d iu khin nhng do khu bin i in p xoay chiu thnh 1 chiu (u vo) s
dng chnh lu iu khin tiristor nn khi in p ra thp th h s cng sut gim
18
thp, khu bin i in p hoc dng in 1 chiu thnh xoay chiu (u ra) thng
dng nghch p ba pha bng tiristor nn sng hi bc cao trong in p xoay chiu
u ra thng c bin kh ln. y l nhc im ch yu ca loi bin tn ny.
Hnh 1.8: B bin tn gin tip c khu trung gian 1 chiu

a. Bin tn dng chnh lu iu khin bng tiristor
b. Bin tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin c thm b bin i xung p
c. Bin tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin vi nghch lu iu ch PWM
1.1.3.2. B bin tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin c thm b bin i

xung p
B bin tn xoay chiu gin tip dng b chnh lu khng iu khin kt hp
vi bin i xung in p mt chiu iu chnh in p mt chiu u vo khi
nghch lu c biu din nh hnh 1.8b.*
Vic bin i in p xoay chiu thnh mt chiu cp cho khi nghch lu
s dng b chnh lu it khng iu khin. Khi nghch lu ch c nhim v bin
i in p mt chiu thnh xoay chiu vi tn s iu chnh c m khng c kh
nng iu chnh in p ra ca nghch lu nn gia khi chnh lu v nghch lu b
19
tr thm b bin i xung in p 1 chiu iu chnh gi tr in p 1 chiu cp

cho nghch lu nhm thc hin nhim v iu chnh gi tr hiu dng in p xoay
chiu u ra nghch lu U 2 . Mc d b bin tn ny phi thm vo mt khu (
cha k khu lc) nhng h s cng sut u vo kh cao, khc phc c nhc
im ca b bin tn th nht. Khi nghch lu u ra khng thay i nn vn tn ti
nhc im l cc sng hi bc cao c bin kh ln.
1.1.3.3. B bin tn dng b chnh lu khng iu khin vi b nghch
lu PMW
Nh trnh by, trong h thng iu tc bin tn p dng phng php iu
chnh t s in p tn s khng i, khi s dng bin tn gin tip dng tiristor th
vic iu chnh in p v tn s c thc hin ring hai khu : iu chnh tn s
khu nghch lu cn iu chnh in p thc hin khu chnh lu, iu ny
ko theo mt s vn l :
- Mch in chnh c hai khu cng sut iu khin c ngha l kh phc tp
- Do khu mt chiu trung gian c b lc bng t lc hoc in khng vi qun
tnh ln, lm cho tnh thch nghi trng thi ng ca h thng thng b chm tr.
- Do b chnh lu c iu khin lm cho h s cng sut ca ngun in cung
cp gim nh khi cng sut u ra gim xung theo s thay i ca ch lm vic
ca h iu tc, ng thi lm tng sng hi bc cao trong dng in ngun.
- u ra ca b nghch lu l in p (dng in) c dng khc xa hnh sin, to
ra nhiu sng hi bc cao trong dng in ng c, dn ti m men bin ng kh
ln nh hng ti tnh n nh lm vic ca ng c, c bit l khi tc thp.
V vy cc thi bin tn do cc linh kin in t cng sut dng tiristor khng th
p ng c nhng yu cu i vi nhng h thng iu tc bin tn hin i. S
xut hin cc linh kin in t cng sut iu khin hon ton (GTO,IGBT,) cng
vi s pht trin ca k thut vi in t to ra cc iu kin tt gii quyt vn
ny.
B bin tn PWM ng dng k thut iu ch trong h thng thng tin vo vic
iu ch in p ra ca bin tn v c bn gii quyt c vn tn ti trong b
20
bin tn thng thng dng tiristor, to iu kin cho s pht trin lnh vc mi l
h thng iu tc dng in xoay chiu cn i. Hnh 1.8c gii thiu cu trc b bin
tn PWM, b bin tn ny vn l b bin tn c khu trung gian mt chiu ch khc
l khu chnh lu ch cn l chnh lu khng iu khin, in p ra ca n sau khi i
qua b lc C (hoc L-C) cho in p mt chiu c gi tr khng i dng cp cho
khu nghch lu, linh kin ng m cng sut trong khu nghch lu l cc phn t
iu khin hon ton v c iu khin ng ct vi tn s kh cao, to nn trn
u ra mt lot xung hnh ch nht vi rng khc nhau, cn phng php iu
khin quy lut phn b thi gian v trnh t thao tc ng ct chnh l phng
php iu ch rng xung. y thng qua vic thay i rng cc xung ch
nht c th iu ch gi tr bin in p ca sng c bn u ra nghch lu, p
ng yu cu phi hp gi tr iu khin tn s v in p ca h iu tc bin tn.
c im ch yu ca mch in ny l :
- Mch in chnh ch c mt khu cng sut iu khin c, n gin ha cu
trc, h s cng sut ca mng in khng lin quan ti bin ca in p u ra
b nghch lu v tin gn n 1.
- B nghch lu thc hin ng thi iu tn v iu p, khng lin quan n
tham s ca linh kin khu trung gian mt chiu nn lm tng tc ng nhanh
trng thi ng ca h thng.
- C th nhn c th in p u ra tt, hn ch hoc lai b c sng hi
bc thp, lm cho ng c c th lm vic vi in p bin thin gn nh hnh sin,
bin ng ca m men kh nh, m rng phm vi iu chnh tc ca h thng
truyn ng.
1.1.3.4. Bin tn iu khin vector
Vi s ra i ca cc linh kin bn dn cng sut iu khin hon ton dn n
vic xut hin nghch lu iu ch rng xung hnh sin ( SPWM) ci thin mt
bc cht lng iu tc ng c xoay chiu. Cc bin tn SPWM vi phng php
iu chnh U 1 /f s = hng s (f s l tn s sng hi c bn in p t vo mch stator
ng c, y cng chnh l tn s f 2 trong cc s hnh 1.8 v 1.9 ) c th cho php
21
iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu vi cht lng dng p kh tt, phm vi iu

chnh c m rng nhng m men cc i b gii hn v cha p ng c cc
yu cu cao v cht lng tnh ca phn ln cc h iu tc. Vi cc h iu tc
vng kn dng bin tn gin tip SPWM nh l h iu tc iu khin tn s trt
chng hn, ci thin ng k cht lng tnh ca h thng iu tc ng c xoay
chiu, to c c tnh gn vi h thng iu tc hai mch vng ng c mt
chiu, tuy nhin cht lng ng ca h thng vn cn xa mi t c nh h
thng iu tc hai mch vng ng c mt chiu.
Da vo kt qu nghin cu, cc nh sng ch to nn h thng iu tc
bin tn iu khin vector m ngy nay c ng dng rt ph bin
Hnh 1.9: B bin tn iu khin vector
Cu trc ph bin phn lc ca bin tn s dng nghch lu iu khin vector

c m t nh hnh 1.9. V c bn cc thit b phn lc ca bin tn ny hon ton
tng t nh ca bin tn iu ch ng rng xung hnh sin, ch khc l vic iu
khin khi nghch lu p dng phng php iu khin vector. Trong bin tn iu
khin vector, ngi ta p dng php bin i ta khng gian cc vector dng, p,
t thng ng c t h a-b-c sang h hai pha quay d-q, quay ng b vi t trng
stator ca ng c v thng chn trc d trng vi vector t thng rotor (iu khin
hng theo t trng stator). Thng qua php bin i ta khng gian vector, cc
i lng dng p xoay chiu hnh sin ca ng c tr thnh i lng mt chiu
nn hon ton c th s dng cc kt qu nghin cu tng hp h thng truyn ng
ng c mt chiu thit k cc b iu chnh. Sau , cc i lng mt chiu
u ra cc b iu chnh li c bin i thnh i lng xoay chiu ba pha qua
php bin i ngc ta khng ch thit b pht xung iu khin cc van
nghch lu. H truyn ng in bin tn vector- ng c xoay chiu c thc hin
22
dng h vng kn vi vic iu khin nh hng theo t trng rotor cho php c
th duy tr c t thng rotor khng i ( vng tn s thp hn tn s c bn),
thc hin c quan h E r = f s = hng s, nh m c tnh c ca ng c xoay
chiu khng ng b trong h c dng nh c tnh ng c mt chiu ( vi kh
nng qu ti m men rt ln).
1.2. Bin tn ba pha
1.2.1. Gii thiu chung
Cc b bin tn thng thng lun tn ti mt s nhc im c bn nh :
sng iu ha bc cao gy mo in p li, h s cng sut thp , mt s bin tn
cho cht lng iu khin tt khi dng trung tnh bng khng nhng trong trng
hp ngun ti khng cn th li khin cht lng iu khin khng tt c th gy ra
s c h thng.
Bin tn ba pha bn dy c pht trin trn c s chnh lu ba pha ba dy
khc phc nhng nhc im ca h thng ny khi lm vic vi ngun khng cn
bng, thng qua vic trn mch lc c thm mt cp van bn dn iu khin
dng trung tnh. Nh vy chng c kh nng lm vic tt trong iu kin ngun
khng cn bng.
1.2.2. Bin tn ba pha trc tip
Bin tn ma trn ( matrix converter MC ) l b bin i trc tip AC AC
c nhiu u im nh trao i cng sut theo hai chiu, dng in u vo c dng
hnh sin, h s cng sut u vo gn bng mt. Bin tn ma trn trc tip ba pha
bn dy ( TFDMC) c ch ra trn hnh 1.10 u vo c ba nhnh, u ra c bn
nhnh, ba nhnh cho ba pha, mt nhnh cho dy trung tnh, cu trc ny ng ng
c cc yu cu cho cc ph ti cn s dng dy trung tnh.
23
Hnh 1.10 : Cu trc bin tn ma trn ba pha trc tip
Chuyn mch l qu trnh chuyn dng in t mt van bn dn ang b kha

li sang mt van khc va m ra. Khc vi bin tn truyn thng, cc van bn dn
hai chiu trong bin tn ma trn yu cu qu trnh chuyn mch tng i phc tp.
Qu trnh chuyn mch trong bin tn ma trn tun th theo hai quy tc, l khng
c ngn mch pha li v khng c h mch pha ti. Quy tc th nht m
bo khng xy ra ngn mch pha in p li gy ra xung dng in ln ph hy
van. Quy tc th hai m bo khng gy ra hin tng h mch pha ti gy ra qu
in p, nh thng cc van bn dn. Nhiu phng php chuyn mch c
nghin cu v p dng cho bin tn ma trn nh chuyn mch bn bc, chuyn
mch hai bc, chuyn mch mt bc,chuyn mch thng minh.
24
Do qu trnh chuyn mch din ra rt nhanh nn logic chuyn mch thng

c thc hin trn cc thit b phn cng nh l CPLD, FPGA. Logic ca qu trnh
chuyn mch rt phc tp nn m bo tnh chnh xc ca cc trng thi logic,
trc khi th nghim trn phn cng cn phi tin hnh m phng kim chng.
1.2.3. Bin tn ba pha gin tip
Bin tn ma trn ( matrix converter MC ) l b bin i trc tip AC AC
c nhiu u im nh trao i cng sut theo hai chiu, dng in u vo c dng
hnh sin, h s cng sut u vo gn bng mt.
Hnh 1.11. Cu trc bin tn ma trn gin tip ba pha
MC c vai tr l b bin i cng sut khi lm vic vi ng c th c im

ca ti l i xng. MC c vai tr l b ngun th c im v tnh cht ca ti s rt
a dng, c th l mt, hai, ba pha, ng c, R, L, C, tuyn tnh hoc phi tuyn.
y cp n mt trong nhiu phng n c th p ng c cc yu cu trn,
cu trc mch lc cp c ch ra trn hnh 1.11, n bao gm hai phn, phn ni
vi li s dng chnh lu hai cc tnh ni theo kiu ma trn vi sau van bn dn hai
chiu BSD, phn ni vi ti s dng nghch lu bn nhnh thng thng.
25
1.3. La chn hng ng dng cho h thng truyn ng s dng

bin tn ba pha
Hin nay h truyn ng hin i thng c dng trong thang my l
iu khin tn s ng c khng ng b v gn y nht bt u s dng ng
c ng b kch t nam chm vnh cu. nh hng ca ti ny l ng dng
bin tn ba pha ng c khng ng b cho cabin thang my.
1.3.1. La chn bin tn
Cc b bin tn c chia thnh 2 loi chnh:
+ BBT ph thuc (hay BBT trc tip cycloconverter) ; loi ny bin i
thng dng in xoay chiu tn s f1 thnh f2 khng qua khu chnh lu CL nn
hiu sut cao hn loi trn nhng vic thay i tn s ra kh khn v ph thuc
vo tn s f1
BBT
~f1
~f2,U2
~f1,U1
~f2
+ BBT c lp (hay BBT gin tip autonom inverter) hay cn gi l

BBT trung gian.
BBT
BCL
BB MCXC
~f1
~ f2,U2
~ f1,U1
~f2
Trong BBT loi ny, dng in xoay chiu u vo tn s f1 c chnh

lu thnh dng in mt chiu (tn s f = 0), lc ri li c bin i thnh
dng xoay chiu tn s f2.
Hin nay ch dng BBT gin tip (BBT trung gian) vi b chnh lu dng
Diode v Tiristor.
26
Chnh lu l qu trnh bin i nng lng dng in xoay chiu thnh

nng lng dng in mt chiu, c in p n nh v cht lng cao. Chnh
lu c phn loi theo nhiu cch: theo s pha ngun cp cho mch van (3
pha, 6 pha), theo loi van bn dn (chnh lu khng iu khin, chnh lu iu
khin, chnh lu bn iu khin) v phn loi theo s mc van (hnh tia, hnh
cu).
B chnh lu diode v tiristor c lch s gn nm mi nm v chng
c nh ngha nh mt thit b in t cng sut c in, c ng dng rng
ri nht trong thc t.
u im: Chnh lu diode v tiristor c cc u im nh: n gin, bn
v gi thnh thp.
Nhc im: - Dng in cha nhiu sng iu ho bc cao lm nh
hng n cht lng in nng.
- Gy ra h s cng sut thp.
- Cc b chnh lu dng diode v thyristor ch dn nng lng
theo mt chiu dn n kh trao i nng lng gia ng c v li. V vy,
nng lng khng th c tr v li t ng c m b tiu hao trn cc in
tr c iu khin bi cc ngt in ni dc theo mch mt chiu. Phng
php ci tin vn ny l dng hm dp nng lng mch mt chiu hoc
dng b chnh lu lm vic ch nghch lu tr v li.
Do cc nhc im ca b chnh lu c i hi phi tm ra mt b chnh
lu mi tho mn cc iu kin:
- Cha t sng iu ho bc cao.
- H s cos cao.
- Nng lng chy c theo theo hai chiu.
Nh vy vn t ra y l phi tm ra mt loi chnh lu t n tho
mn nhng yu cu nu trn.
Nhng nm gn y ngi ta a ra cu trc bin tn s dng b chnh
lu PWM khc phc nhng nhc im trn. Bin tn ny c th hot ng
27
trn c bn gc phn t nn cn gi l bin tn 4 gc phn t (4Q). S ra i

ca loi bin tn ny mang li mt gii php k thut mi vi nhiu u im
vt tri so vi cc loi bin tn ngun p thng thng.
1.3.2. La chn ng c
a. ng c khng ng b (ASM Asynchronous Machine)
ng c khng ng b c kt cu n gin, chc chn, vn hnh an ton
v s dng ngun cung cp trc tip t li in xoay chiu ba pha. Tuy nhin,
vn iu khin ng c xoay chiu ni chung v ng c khng ng b ni
ring phc tp hn ng c mt chiu v s rt phc tp nu i hi hiu xut
cao. Nguyn nhn c bn l c nhiu quan h phi tuyn (n, M, I), x l phc tp
cc tn hiu hi tip, iu khin phc tp ngun cung cp c in p v tn s
bin thin. V vy, trc y cc h truyn ng in ng c khng ng b ba
pha c iu chnh tc chim t l t so vi ng c mt chiu. Trong thi gian
gn y do s pht trin ca cng ngh ch to bn dn cng sut v k thut
in t tin hc cng vi nhng thnh tu trng vic nghin cu l thuyt iu
chnh t ng ng c xoay chiu, nhng u th ca ng c khng ng b,
c bit l ng c rto lng sc so vi ng c mt chiu v mt kt cu, vn
hnh v sa cha c khai thc trit . Xu th hin nay l ng dng iu
khin vect vo cc h iu khin chuyn ng.
Cc h thng iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu c yu cu cao v gii
iu chnh v tnh cht ng hc ch c th thc hin c vi cc b bin tn.
Cc h ny s dng ng c khng ng b roto lng sc c kt cu n gin,
vng chc, gi thnh r, c th lm vic trong mi mi trng phc tp. Trong
lnh vc iu khin thang my, phng n truyn ng s dng ng c lng
sc iu khin bng bin tn iu khin ng c truyn ng cabin hin nay
ang l phng n c s dng rng ri nht thay th cho cc phng n dng
ng c mt chiu v ng c rto dy qun, c th thay i kh nng khi
ng v hm nhm gim git cho cabin, iu chnh tc trn hon ton,
cht lng iu chnh cao, d dng vn hnh.
28
b. ng c ng b
ng c ng b ba pha, trc y thng dng cho loi truyn ng
khng iu chnh tc , cng sut ln hng trm KW n hng MW (truyn
ng cho my bm, my nn kh, qut gi, my nghin,). Ngy nay, do s
pht trin mnh m ca cng nghip in t, cng nghip vt liu, ng c
ng b c nghin cu ng dng nhiu trong cng nghip, mi di cng
sut t vi trm W (truyn ng n dao trn my ct kim loi, dn ng cc
khp ca tay my,), n hng MW (truyn ng ko tu cao tc TGV, my
nghin, my cn thp,).
ng c ng b lun lun m bo quay ng b v cng tn s vi
ngun in, ch cn ngun in gi c in p v tn s tuyt i khng i.
Thit b c kch thc nh nh chic ng h quay nh gi, ln n mc nh
cc ng c ng b c ln trong h thng my pht mt chiu u s dng c
im quay vi tc gc khng i.
ng c ng b cn c mt u im ni bt l c th iu chnh c
h s cng sut cu n bng cc phng php kch t, c th lm cho h s cng
sut cao hn 1 (cos 1). Trong mt nh my ch cn s dng mt vi ng c
ng b vi dung lng rt ln truyn ng cho cc ph ti yu cu tc bt
bin (chng hn nh my bm, my nn kh) l c th ci thin c cng sut
ca ton nh my.
ng c ng b (c bit l loi cng sut ln) khi khi ng rt phc
tp, lc nghim trng c th pht sinh dao ng mnh in p ca li in gy
ra nguy him cho li in, cho cc ph ti ln cn v cho chnh ng c ng
b. Ngoi ra, cc vn dao ng v mt ng b khi ti trng ln cng cn l
tr ngi khi s dng ng c ng b. V vy, tr khi c nhng yu cu c
bit, cc thit b cng nghip ni chung rt t dng n ng c ng b.
1.3.3. La chn ph ti
1.3.3.1. Ch lm vic ca ti
29
Cabin thang my hnh khch chuyn ng theo phng thng ng v

c trt theo cc rnh nh hng. M men ca ng c truyn ng cho
cabin thang my cng thay i theo ti trng rt r rt, khi khng ti m men
ng c khng vt qu (15 20)% Mm. Do , s dng ti u v m men
v cng sut ng c, kh b nh hng ca trng lng cp treo, trong thang
my s dng cp cn bng v i trng. Trng lng ca i trng thang
my ch khch thng chn:
Gt = Gbt + G [kg]
Trong : Gt - Khi lng i trng, [kg]
Gbt - Khi lng bung thang, [kg]
G - Khi lng hng, [kg]
= (0,35 0,4 ) - H s cn bng.
Nh vy, khc vi tnh cht ti ca c cu nng h trn cu trc, m men
cn ca cabin thang my lun mang tnh ma st (do h thng rnh trt nh
hng chuyn ng ca cabin to ra). Khi cabin y ti v i ln th ng c
lm vic ch ng c (gc phn t I), minh ha trn hnh 1.2, khi cabin y
ti v i xung th ng c lm vic ch ng c vi chiu quay ngc li
(gc phn t III).
Khi nng v h cabin khng ti, tnh hnh c khc, nng cabin khng ti
thc cht l h i trng xung, ng c lm vic ch ng c (gc phn
t th III) v h cabin khng ti thc cht l nng i trng ln, ng c lm
vic ch ng c (gc phn t th I)
Khi gim tc t cao xung thp nng cao cp chnh xc dng cabin,
ty theo chiu quay ng c s lm vic ch hm ti sinh (gc phn t th
II v IV)
Minh ha trn hnh v sau:
A1: nng cabin y ti tc cao
A2: nng cabin y ti tc thp (chun b dng khi n sn tng)
A1: h cabin y ti tc cao
30
A2: h cabin y ti tc thp (chun b dng khi n sn tng)

C1, C2: Hm khi gim tc t cao xung thp trong ch nng.
C1, C2: Hm khi gim tc t cao xung thp trong ch h.
n
C1
A1
(II)
(I)
C2
A2
A2
C2
B2
(III)
(IV)
A1
C1
B1
Hnh 1.12 Ch lm vic ca Cabin thang my
n G +G > G
CB
tai
DT
G CB + G tai < G DT
CB
C1: Nng ti nh
C2: Gim tc khi
nng ti nh
T H lm vic trng
thi hm ti sinh
A1: Nng y ti
A2:Gim tc
khi nng y ti,
H lm vic trng CB
thi ng c
CB
G CB + G tai < G DT
G CB + G tai > G DT
A1: H y ti
A2: Gim tc khi
h y ti
H lm vic trng
thi ng c
C1: H ti nh
C2: Gim tc khi
h ti nh
H lm vic trng CB
thi hm ti sinh
31
1.3.3.2. Cc yu cu v truyn ng in
Mt trong cc yu cu c bn i vi h truyn ng thang my l phi
m bo cho cabin chuyn ng m. Cho nn, vn quan trng nht t ra i
vi ngi thit k khng ch t c tc cao m l phi gii quyt c
nhng vn m cng ngh i hi, nh yu cu v iu chnh tc , gim
c git ca cabin, trnh cm gic kh chu cho hnh khch giai on
khi ng v dng tng. V vy, cc tham s chnh c trng cho ch lm
vic ca thang my l tc di chuyn v [m/s], gia tc a [m/s2] v git
[m/s3].
S,
a, M/s2
Hm xung
tc thp
Ch n nh
M my
, M/s3
n tng
, M/s
Hm dng
a, f
t
0
Hnh 1.13: Cc ng cong biu din s ph thuc ca qung ng S,

tc v, gia tc a v dt theo thi gian.
32
Biu lm vic ti u ca thang my tc trung bnh v tc cao

vi nm giai on chnh: m my, ch n nh, hm xung tc thp,
bung thang n tng v hm dng nh hnh 1.3.
Khi tc cabin t gi tr t (0,75 3,5) [m/s], gia tc ti u a 2
[m/s2], gi tr ny ca gia tc nhm m bo nng sut cao, khng gy ra cm
gic kh chu cho hnh khch. Mt i lng na cng nh hng n s di
chuyn m ca cabin, l git (o hm bc nht ca gia tc =
o hm bc hai ca tc =
da
hoc
dt
da d 2 v
=
). Khi gi tr ca gia tc t ti u a
dt dt 2
2 [m/s2] th git 20 [m/s3].

1.3.3.3. Yu cu v dng chnh xc, tit kim nng lng v an ton.
a. Dng chnh xc cabin
Bung thang ca thang my cn phi c dng chnh xc so vi mt
bng ca tng hnh khch v hng ha ra vo thun tin, gim thi gian vo,
ra nhm nng cao nng sut thang my. Sai lch v qung ng khi c lnh
dng bung thang c th c tnh theo biu thc sau:
2
J 0 D
S = v0 t +
4i( M ph M c )
(1-1)
Trong (1-1): v0 l vn tc lc bt u hm, [m/s].

t thi gian tc ng ca thit b iu khin, [s].
J m men qun tnh quy i v cabin, [kgm2].
Mph m men phanh hm (ma st), [N].
Mc m men cn tnh, [N].
0 tc quay ca ng c lc bt u hm, [rad/s].
D ng knh puly ko cp, [m].
i t s truyn.
33
Trong nhiu bin php nhm gim sai lch qung ng khi hm dng
nhm nng cao cp chnh xc dng my th bin php gim tc u trc khi
hm dng l hiu qu nht v sai lch t l vi bnh phng tc quay ca
ng c lc bt u hm (S 02). iu ny, ph hp vi gin vn tc trnh
by trn hnh v 1-2. i vi thang my c vn tc trung bnh v nhanh (v = 2,5
[m/s], a = 2 [m/s2]) th chnh xc dng my yu cu l (5 10) [mm].
b. Tit kim nng lng
Cc vn nh gim thi gian vo, ra ca hnh khch hay hng ha,
chn la cc thit b c thi gian tc ng nhanh, cng l mt trong cc bin
php nng cao nng sut ca thang my. Nhng chnh vic s dng cc h
thng truyn ng in hin i mi thc s tit kim ng k v nng lng
cho n. i vi thang my chy chm (v 0,5 [m/s]) s dng cc h truyn
ng ng c khng ng b mt vi cp tc , dng thang my bng phanh
hm in t cho nn tiu hao nhiu nng lng. Cc h truyn ng hin i
hn c th kt hp hm c kh v hm in (ch yu l hm ng nng tiu hao
nng lng trn in tr) vn khng ci thin c h s cng sut (cos) v
lm mo cc dng sng li in,...
Bng vic s dng b bin i tn s PMW cho php ng c nng h
cabin thang my lm vic c 4 gc phn t, cho php nng cao h s cng sut
(cos 1), o chiu chuyn ng linh hot, rt ngn thi gian thao tc vo, ra
v dng ng cong dng v p gn hnh sin nht, mo khng ng k. c
bit l c th s dng hm ti sinh tr nng lng cho li in.
c. An ton khi vn hnh
i vi thang my hnh khch, cabin phi c trang b b phanh bo
him (phanh d). Phanh bo him gi cabin ti ch khi b t cp, mt in v
khi tc chuyn ng ca cabin vt qu t (20 40)% tc nh mc.
34
Phanh bo him thng c ch to theo ba kiu: Kiu nm, kiu lch

tm v kiu km. Trong , phanh bo him kiu km c s dng rng ri
hn, n m bo cho cabin dng m hn.
Phanh bo him thng c lp pha di cabin, cng vi kt cu ca
phanh bo him, cabin c trang b thm c cu hn ch tc kiu ly tm. Khi
cabin chuyn ng s lm b hn ch tc kiu ly tm quay, khi tc d cabin
vt qu gi tr ni trn th cabin c p cht vo thanh dn hng v do ,
hn ch c tc ca cabin.
1.3.3.4. Tnh chn cng sut ng c
Tnh chn ng cng sut ng c truyn ng cho cabin ca mt thang
my c ngha ht sc quan trng, m bo s dng trit kh nng pht
nng ca dy qun my in, m bo c nng sut, nng cao hiu sut h
truyn ng v cos ca li in. c th tnh chn c cng sut truyn
ng cho cabin thang my 5 tng cn c cc s liu sau:
- Vn tc chuyn ng ca cabin: 60 m/pht (1m/s)
- Gia tc a = 1,5 m/s2
- Trng lng cabin Gcb = 320 kg
- Trng lng ti trng G = 600 kg (tng ng khong 10 ngi)
- ng knh puly cp D = 0,5 m
- Hiu sut = 0,75
a. Xc nh ph ti tnh khi nng ti
Ph ti tnh l do trng lng ca: cabin, ti trng v i trng (trong s
ng hc c s dng dy cp cn bng cng chng loi vi dy cp ko cho
nn trng lng cp c b qua)
- Lc ko t ln puly khi nng ti:
Fn = (G + G cb G dt ).k.g
Trong : G l khi lng hng (kg)

Gcb l khi lng cabin (kg)
35
Gdt l khi lng i trng (kg)

k l h s tnh n ma st gia thanh dn hng v i trng
(k = 1.15 1.3)
g l gia tc trng trng
+ Khi lng i trng : G dt = G cb + G
Vi l h s cn bng = ( 0.3 0.6), chn = 0.4 ta tnh c
Gt = 320 + 0,4.600 = 560 kg
+ Chn k = 1.2 ta tnh c lc ko t ln puly khi nng ti nh sau:
Fn = (600 + 320 560).1,2.9,8 = 4.233,6 (N)
- Momen tng ng vi lc ko khi nng ti nh mc
Mn =
Fn .R
i.
Trong : R = 0.25 (m) l bn knh puly

i l t s truyn ca c cu (chn i = 30)
l hiu sut ca c cu (chn = 0.75)
Mn =
4.233,6.0,25
= 47,04(Nm)
30.0,75
b. Xc nh ph ti tnh khi h ti
- Lc ko t ln puly khi h vi ti nh mc
Fh = (Gt Gcb G).k.g = (560 320 600).1,2.9.8 = 4.233,6 (N)
- Momen tng ng vi lc ko khi h ti nh mc:
Mh =
Fh R
4.233,6.0,25
=
.0,75 = 26,46(Nm)
i
30
c. Xc nh th ph ti, h s ng in tng i
Mun xc nh c h s ng in tng i cn phi xy dng th
ph ti tnh. thun tin cho tnh ton ta c mt s gi thit sau:
- Cabin lun y ti (10 hnh khch).
- Qua mi tng cabin ch dng mt ln n tr khch.
- Thi gian vo/ ra cabin c tnh gn ng 1s/ 1 ngi.
36
- Thi giam m ca cabin l 1s/ 1 ln.

- Thi giam ng ca cabin l 1s/ 1 ln.
- Gi s mi tng c mt ngi ra th c mt ngi vo th thi gian ngh
s l: tng = 4s.
Tra bng 3-1 [Sch TB-T My cng nghip dng chung, trang 31] th
thi gian m my v hm my l:
Tk = th = 0,9 (s)
Qung ng i c trong thi giam m my v hm my l:
a . t 2k 1,5.0,92
Sk = Sh =
=
= 0,6(m)
2
2
Thi gian chuyn ng ca cabin gia hai tng lin tip l:
t=
H S k S h 4 0,6 0,6
=
= 2,8(s)
v
1
Thi gian lm vic ca cabin gia hai tng lin tip l:

tlv = tk + t + th = 0,9 + 2,8 + 0,9 = 4,6 (s)
Gi thit khi ln tng trn cng c 10 hnh khch cng ra ht v li c 10
hnh khch mi vo cabin i xung tng di. Nh vy, thi gian ngh khi
ny l:
t0 = 1 + 10.1 + 10.1 + 1 = 22 (s)
Khi xung vi gi thit c vn tc v gia tc gi khng i nn tlv (4,6 s)
v tng (4 s) nh khi i ln. Gi thit khi tng 1 c 10 hnh khch cng ra ht v
li c 10 hnh khch mi vo cabin i ln tng trn. Nh vy, thi gian ngh
khi ny l:
t0 = t0 = 1 + 10.1 + 10.1 + 1 = 22 (s)
Chu k lm vic ca thang my l:
tck = 4.tlv + 4.tng + 2.t0 = 4.4,6 + 4.4 + 2.22 = 78,4 (s)
th ph ti tnh xy dng c nh sau:
37
M (Nm)
t (s)
t0
t0
tlv
tng
T th ph ti xc nh c h s ng in tng i:
d =
lv
t ck
.100 =
4.4,6
.100 = 23%
78,4
d. Xc nh cng sut ng c
M men ng tr ca ng c xc nh theo biu ph ti tnh:
M=
2
i lv
t ck
((47,04) .4.4,6 + (26,46) .4.4,6) = 26,189(Nm)

2
78,4
Quy chun v loi 25% ta c cng sut ng c:

M c = M tt
tt
23
= 26,189
= 25,119(Nm)
tc
25
Cng sut ng c l:
P = M c . = M c
v
1
. i = 25,119.
.30 = 3.014(W)
R
0,25
Chn ng c c sng sut P > 3,014 (kW)
1.4. KT LUN
Qua cc nh gi v phn tch trn y c th a ra nh hng v
phng n truyn ng s s dng cho thang my l: B bin i tn s ba pha -
ng c in khng ng b. S b nh gi h ny p ng tng i y
38
cc yu cu v k thut, v tit kim nng lng, v dng chnh xc cabin v an

ton vn hnh thang my.
39
CHNG II
NGHIN CU H THNG BIN TN BA PHA
- NG C KHNG NG B ROTOR LNG SC
Nh phn tch chng 1, phng n truyn ng bin tn ba pha
ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc s dng cho thang my hin nay l rt

ph hp. Trong thc t thng dung h thng b bin i tn s (dng chnh
lu PWM) - ng c khng ng b (ASM Asynchronous Machine). Trong
chng 2, ta s i nghin cu c th v h truyn ng ny.
2.1. M hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c khng ng b ba pha

Mun nng cao cht lng ca h thng iu tc bin tn - ng c xoay
chiu, ci thin phng php thit k, trc tin phi lm r bn cht trng thi
ng ca ng c xoay chiu thng qua m hnh ton hc.

2.1.1. c im ca m hnh ton hc trng thi ng ca ng c
khng ng b
Khi nghin cu v ng c in mt chiu ta nhn thy: T thng ca
ng c in loi ny c sinh ra bi cun dy kch t, c th c xc lp t

trc m khng tham gia vo qu trnh ng ca h thng (tr khi iu tc bng
iu chnh t thng). V vy m hnh ton hc trng thi ng ca n ch c mt

bin vo ( l in p mch rotor) v mt bin ra ( l tc quay). Trong
i tng iu khin c cha hng s thi gian in c Tm v hng s thi gian

in t mch in rotor Te, nu tnh c thit b chnh lu iu khin tiristor vo
th cn c c hng s thi gian tr ca khi chnh lu. Trong ng dng k
thut, iu kin cho trc mt h s cho php c th biu din h thng tuyn
tnh cp III thnh h thng mt bin s (mt vo, mt ra), v hon ton c th
ng dng l thuyt iu khin tuyn tnh kinh in v phng php thit k k

thut thc dng v t pht trin ra tin hnh phn tch v thit k.
Tuy nhin, l lun v phng php ni trn khi vn dng vo vic phn
tch v thit k h thng iu tc xoay chiu th gp kh nhiu kh khn, phi
40
a ra mt s gi thit mi c th nhn c s cu trc trng thi ng gn

ng, bi v so snh gia m hnh ton hc ca ng c in xoay chiu v m
hnh ng c in mt chiu c s khc nhau kh cn bn:
(1) Lc iu tc bin tn ng c khng ng b cn phi tin hnh iu
khin phi hp in p v tn s, c hai bin s u vo c lp l in p v
tn s, nu kho st in p 3 pha th bin s u vo thc t phi tng ln.
Trong bin s u ra, ngoi tc quay, t thng cng c tnh l mt tham s
c lp. Bi v ng c ch c mt ngun in 3 pha, vic xc lp t thng v

s thay i tc quay l tin hnh ng thi, nhng mun c cht lng ng
tt, cn mun iu khin i vi t thng, lm cho n khng thay i trong
trng thi ng, mi c th khai thc c m men ln hn. V nhng nguyn
nhn ny nn ng c khng ng b l mt h thng nhiu bin s (nhiu u
vo, nhiu u ra), m gia in p (dng in), tn s, t thng, tc quay li
c nh hng ln nhau, nn n l h thng nhiu bin c quan h vi nhau rt
cht ch. Trc khi tm ra m hnh ton hc r rng, c th dng s hnh 2.1
biu din.
(2) Trong ng c khng ng b, t thng ko theo dng in sinh ra m
men quay, tc quay ko theo t thng nhn c sc in ng cm ng
quay, bi v chng ng thi bin i, nn trong m hnh ton hc c cha hai
bin nhn vi nhau, nh vy, d khng kho st nhn t bo ho t, m m hnh
ton hc cng l phi tuyn.
41
(3) Mch stator ng c khng ng b c 3 nhm cun dy, mi mt

nhm khi sn sinh t thng u c qun tnh in t ring ca n, li thm vo
qun tnh c in ca h thng chuyn ng, v th d cho khng xt ti yu t
chm sau trong thit b bin tn, th m hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b t
nht cng l h thng bc 7.
Tm li, m hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b l h thng nhiu bin,
bc cao, phi tuyn, rng buc nhau rt cht, h thng iu tc bin tn ly n
lm i tng c th c th hin bng h thng nhiu bin nh trn hnh 2.2.
2.1.2. M hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c KB ba pha
Khi nghin cu m hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c khng ng b,

thng phi a ra mt s gi thit nh sau:
(1) B qua sng hi khng gian, coi 3 cun dy 3 pha i xng nhau (v
khng gian chng cch nhau 1200, sc in ng c sinh ra phn b theo quy
lut hnh sin dc theo khe h xung quanh;
(2) B qua bo ho mch t, t cm v h cm ca cc cun dy u l
tuyn tnh;
(3) B qua tn hao trong li st t; khng xt ti nh hng ca tn s v
thay i ca nhit i vi in tr cun dy. D cho rotor ng c l loi dy
qun hay lng sc u chuyn i v rotor dy qun ng tr, ng thi chuyn
i v pha mch stator, s vng qun mi pha sau khi chuyn i u bng
nhau, nh vy, nhm cun dy ca ng c thc t c ng tr thnh m hnh
42
vt l ng c khng ng b 3 pha nh trn hnh 2.3. Trong hnh, trc ca cc

cun dy 3 pha A, B, C trn stator l c nh, ly trc A lm trc ta chun,
ng trc ca cc cun dy trn rotor a, b, c l quay theo rotor, ng trc a

ca rotor lm vi ng trc A ca stator mt gc , gc in ny chnh l
lng bin thin gc pha khng gian. ng thi quy nh chiu dng ca in
p, dng in, t thng (t thng mc vng) ph hp vi thng l ca ng c
in v quy tc bn tay phi. Lc ny, m hnh ton hc ca ng c khng

ng b c hnh thnh bi cc phng trnh in p, t thng, m men v
phng trnh chuyn ng.
2.1.2.1. Phng trnh in p

Phng trnh cn bng in p ca nhm cun dy mch stator 3 pha l:
d A
dt
d
u B = i B R1 + B
dt
d
u C = i C R1 + C
dt
u A = i A R1 +
43
tng ng vi n, phng trnh i xng in p ca nhm cun dy mch

rotor 3 pha sau khi tnh chuyn i v mch stator l:
d a
dt
d
u b = ibR 2 + b
dt
d
u c = ic R 2 + c
dt
u a = ia R 2 +
trong : uA, uB, uC, ua, ub, uc l gi tr tc thi ca in p pha stator v rotor;
iA, iB, iC, ia, ib, ic l gi tr tc thi ca dng in pha stator v rotor;
A, B, C, a, b, c l t thng ca cc cun dy cc pha;
R1, R2 l in tr cun dy mt pha stator v rotor.
Cc i lng trn u tnh i v mch stator, n gin, cc k hiu
gc trn ca cc i lng sau khi quy i u lc b i, v di y
cng s nh vy.
Phng trnh in p c vit dng ma trn, ng thi dng ton t p
thay cho k hiu vi phn d/dt:
u A R1
u 0
B
uC 0
=
ua 0
ub 0

u c 0
R1
0
0
R1
0
0
0
0
R2
0
0
0
0
0
0
R2
0
0 i A
A

0 i B
B
C
0 iC
+
p

0 ia
a
b
0 ib

R 2 i c
c
(2.1)
hoc vit thnh:

u = Ri + p
(2.1a)
2.1.2.2. Phng trnh t thng
44
T thng ca mi nhm cun dy u l tng ca t thng t cm ca bn

thn n v t thng h cm ca cc nhm cun dy khc i vi n, v vy t
thng ca 6 cun dy c biu din bng phng trnh ma trn sau:
A L AA
L
B BA
C LCA
=
a LaA
b LbA

c LcA
LAB
L BB
LCB
LaB
L AC
L BC
LCC
LaC
L Aa
L Ba
LCa
Laa
LAb
L Bb
LCb
Lab
L bB
LcB
LbC
LcC
L ba
Lca
L bb
Lcb
L Ac i A
L Bc i B
LCc i C

Lac i a
L bc i b

Lcc i c
(2.2)
hoc vit thnh:

= Li
(2.2a)
trong L l ma trn in cm 6 6, vi cc phn t trn ng cho chnh

LAA, LBB, LCC, Laa, Lbb, Lcc l t cm ca cc cun dy stator v rotor ba pha, cc
phn t khc cn li l h cm gia cc cun dy.
Trn thc t, t thng mc vng gia cc cun dy ca ng c c hai
loi: mt loi l t thng tn (r) ch lin quan n mt cun dy no ch
khng xuyn qua khe h, cn mt nhm na l t thng h cm xuyn qua khe
h gia chng, m loi sau l ch yu. in cm tng ng vi t thng tn ca
cc pha ca mch stator c gi l in cm tn stator Lt1, do cc pha c tnh
i xng, gi tr in cm tn ca cc pha l bng nhau; tng t, t thng tn

ca cc pha mch rotor tng ng vi in cm tn mch rotor Lt2, t thng h
cm cc i mc vng gia cc cun dy trn mt pha ca stator tng ng vi
h cm stator Lm1, t thng h cm cc i mc vng gia cc cun dy trn
mt pha ca rotor tng ng vi h cm rotor Lm2, do sau khi tnh quy i s
vng qun trn nhm cun dy stator v rotor l bng nhau, v t thng h cm
gia cc cun dy u i qua khe h, t tr bng nhau, nn c th coi Lm1 =
Lm2.
45
i vi cun dy trn mi mt pha m ni, t thng m n mc vng l

tng ca t thng h cm v t thng tn, v vy, t cm ca cc pha trn mch
stator l:
LAA = LBB = LCC = Lm1 + Lt1
(2.3)
t cm ca cc pha trn mch rotor l:

Laa = Lbb = Lcc = Lm1 + Lt2
(2.4)
Gia hai cun dy khc nhau ch c h cm. H cm li phn thnh hai

loi:
(1) H cm gia 3 pha ca stator v h cm gia 3 pha ca rotor u l c
nh, nn h cm ny l hng s;
(2) H cm gia mt pha bt k ca stator vi mt pha bt k ca rotor l
thay i, h cm l hm s ca chuyn v gc .
Trc tin nghin cu loi th nht, bi v chnh lch gc pha gia ng
trc cun dy ca 3 pha l 1200, vi iu kin gi thit t thng phn b hnh
sin, tr s h cm l:
1
Lm1cos1200 = Lm1cos(-1200 ) = L m1 ;
2
Do :
1
LAB = LBC = LCA = LBA= LCB = LAC= L m1
2
(2.5)
1
Lab = Lbc = Lca = Lba= Lcb = Lac= L m1
2
(2.6)
Ring v loi th hai h cm gia cc cun dy trn stator v trn rotor, do

s khc nhau gia v tr cc pha (xem hnh 8.41), nn ln lt l:
LAa = LaA = LbB = LBb= LCc = LcC= Lm1cos
(2.7)
LAb = LbA = LBc = LCb= LCa = LAc= Lm1cos( + 1200)
(2.8)
LAc = LcA = LBa = LaB= LbC = LCb= Lm1cos( - 1200)
(2.9)
46
Khi ng trc cc cun dy hai pha ca rotor v stator trng nhau, tr s

h cm gia chng l ln nht, v l Lm1.
em cc biu thc (2.3), (2.4), (2.5), (2.6), (2.7), (2.8), (2.9) thay vo biu
thc (2.2) s c phng trnh t thng hon chnh, r rng l phng trnh
ma trn ny rt s. n gin ngn gn, c th vit n di dng ma trn
khi:
s Lss
= L
r rs
trong :
Lsr is
L rr i r
(2.10)
s = [A B C]T,
r = [a b c]T,
is = [iA iB iB]T,
ir = [ia ib ic]T,
L m1 + L t1
1
Lss = L m1
2
1
L m1
2
L m1 + L t 2
1
L rr = L m1
2
1
L m1
2
1
L m1
2
L m1 + L t1
1
Lm1
2
1
Lm1
2
L m1 + L t 2
1
Lm1
2
L m1 + L t1
1
L m1
2
1
L m1
2
L m1 + L t 2
1
Lm1
2
1
Lm1
2
cos
cos( 1200 ) cos( + 1200 )
L rs = LTsr = L m1 cos( + 1200 )

cos
cos( 1200 )
cos( 1200 ) cos( + 1200 )
cos
(2.11)
(2.12)
(2.13)
iu cn ch l, hai ma trn khi Lrs v Lsr c th i ch cho nhau, v

lin quan ti v tr ca rotor, phn t ca chng l bin s, l mt trong
nhng nguyn nhn lm cho h thng phi tuyn. lm cho tham s tr thnh
47
hng s cn phi dng php bin i ta , vn ny s c nghin cu chi

tit phn sau.
Nu thay phng trnh t thng (tc l phng trnh 2.2a) vo phng
trnh in p (2.1a), s nhn c phng trnh sau khai trin:
u = Ri + p(Li) = Ri = L
di dL
+
i
dt dt
(2.14)
di dL
= Ri + L +
i
dt d
Trong s hng L
di
l sc in ng p mch trong sc in ng cm
dt
ng in t (hoc sc in ng bin p), s hng
dL
i l sc in ng quay
d
trong sc in ng cm ng in t, n t l thun vi tc gc .
2.1.2.3. Phng trnh chuyn ng

Trong trng hp tng qut, phng trnh chuyn ng ca h thng
truyn ng in c dng:
M t = M c +
J d D
K
+ +
n p dt n p
np
(2.15)
Trong : Mc l m men ph ti (m men cn);

J
l m men qun tnh ca h truyn ng;
D l h s cn m men cn t l vi tc quay;
K l h s n hi m men quay;
np l s i cc.
i vi ph ti m men khng i, D = 0, K = 0, th:

M t = M c +
J d
n p dt
(2.16)
2.1.2.4. Phng trnh m men

Da vo nguyn l bin i nng lng in c, trong ng c nhiu cun
dy, nng lng in t trong ng c l :
48
1
1
Wm = i T = i T Li
2
2
(2.17)
Cn m men in t bng o hm ring i vi chuyn v gc m ca

nng lng in t trong ng c, khi dng in khng i ch c mt bin l
chuyn v gc m thay i, v m = /np, v vy :
M t =
Wm
m
= np
i = const
Wm
(2.18)
i = const
Ly cng thc (2.17) thay vo (2.18), ng thi xt ti quan h ca cng

thc (2.11) (2.12) trong ma trn con ca in cm:
0
1 T L
1 T
M t = n p i
i = n pi
2
2
L
rs

Li bi v
Lsr
i
0
(2.19)
iT = [isT irT ] = [iA iB iB ia ib ic], ly biu thc (2.13) thay vo
biu thc (2.19) ri khai trin ta c:
ir
0
= n p L m1[(i A i a + i Bi b + i Ci c ) sin + (i A i b + i Bi c + i Ci a ) sin( + 120 ) +
(i A i c + i Bi a + i Ci b )sin( 1200 )]
M t =
L
1 T L rs
n p i r
is + isT sr
2
(2.20)
Cn phi ch ra rng, cc cng thc trn u l tuyn tnh v nhn c
iu kin gi thit t trng phn b u trn mch t v c dng hnh sin trong
khng gian, nhng th ca dng in mch stator v rotor th khng chu bt
c iu kin gi thit rng buc no, chng c th l tu . Cng thc ny cng
c th nhn c trc tip t cng thc c bn khi vt th dn in chu lc
trong t trng.
2.1.2.5. M hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b ba pha
49
Tp hp cc cng thc (2.14), (2.16) v (2.19) [hoc cng thc 2.20] vo

lm mt s c m hnh ton hc nhiu bin s ca ng c khng ng b 3
pha khi chu ti m men khng i.
di
L
+ i
dt
1 T L
J d
n pi
i = Mc +
2
n p dt
u = Ri + L
v:
(2.21)
d
dt
H phng trnh trn cng c th vit thnh dng tiu chun ca phng
trnh trng thi phi tuyn:
di
L
= L1 (R + )i + L1u
dt
T
d n 0 T L n p
=
i
i Mc
dt 2J
J
d
=
dt
(2.22)
2.2. Gii thiu v iu khin tn s ng c khng ng b

i vi ng c in khng ng b th tn s l thng s iu khin rt
quan trng. iu khin tn s l phng php iu khin kinh in, tuy n i
hi k thut cao v phc tp v xut pht t bn cht v nguyn l lm vic ca
ng c l phn cm v phn ng khng tch bit.

Mt s yu cu cht lng iu chnh nng cao th cc phng php kinh
in kh p ng c. Khi , phi s dng cc phng php iu khin ch

yu sau:
1. iu khin v hng (SFC: Scalar Frequency Control).
2. iu khin nh hng theo t trng (FOC: Field Oriented Control)
3. iu khin trc tip momen (DTC: Direct Toque Control)
50
2.2.1. iu khin v hng (SFC: Scalar Frequency Control)

Thc cht ca phng php iu khin v hng (U/f bng hng s) l
gi cho t thng stator (s) khng i trong sut qu trnh iu chnh. Khi iu
khin tn s, nu gi t thng khe h khng i th ng c s c s dng
hiu qu nht, tc l c kh nng sinh mmen ln nht. Do nhng u im sn
c ca cc ng c khng ng b m cc h truyn ng ca chng cng tha
hng tnh kinh t v tnh chc chn.
A B C
t tn s ra NL
TS
CL
Udc
CA
TH
Driver
NL
PWM
C
Sa,Sb,Sc
NL
ia
XL
SI
BD
ib
TG
ASM
Hnh 2.4: Cu trc iu khin v hng h truyn

ng bin tn- ng c khng ng b
Phng php ny d thc hin tuy vy vn cn tn ti nhc im: tn

tht cng sut P v lng tiu th cng sut phn khng Q khng phi l nh
nht, n nh tc gp kh khn, mc d h truyn ng n gin nhng c
hn ch v chnh xc tc v p ng mmen km. H truyn ng khng
th m bo iu khin c cc p ng v mmen v t thng. Cho nn, iu
khin v hng c ng dng trong cng nghip khi yu cu khng cao v
iu chnh su tc .
51
Cu trc c bn ca h truyn ng theo phng php iu khin v hng
c biu din trn hnh 2.4. S cu trc gm hai phn:

Phn lc gm: CL l khi chnh lu dng bin i in p xoay chiu
ca mng in cng nghip thnh in p mt chiu cp cho khi nghch lu;
NL l khi nghch lu thng dng cc kho ng ct IGBT, thc hin bin i
in p mt chiu Udc u ra khi CL thnh in p xoay chiu cung cp cho

ng c; C l ng c khng ng b ba pha rotor lng sc; C l t lc.
Phn iu khin gm: Khu to tn hiu khng ch nghch lu theo nguyn
l iu chnh rng xung (Driver NL PWM); b iu chnh bin in p ra
nghch lu (CA); cc sensor o dng (SI) v o tc (TG); khu bin i
dng ba pha ca ng c thnh in p mt chiu t l vi gi tr hiu dng
dng in mt pha (BD); XL l khu gia cng tn hiu dng in v tc
ng c phc v cho mc ch n nh ng h thng; tn hiu t tc ca h

(TH) c a n khi t tn s quyt nh tn s ra ca NL, ng thi
TH li c tng hp vi tn hiu u ra ca XL khng ch bin in p
ra ca bin tn; cc tn hiu Sa, Sb, Sc l cc chui xung dng khng ch cc
kho IGBT trong ba pha ca nghch lu. Vic khng ch qui lut thay i tn s
giai on khi ng do TS quyt nh, cn vic iu chnh in p c thc
hin bi CA.
2.2.2. iu khin nh hng theo t trng (FOC: Field Oriented

Control)
iu khin nh hng theo t trng cn gi l iu khin vect, c th
p ng cc yu cu iu chnh trong ch tnh v ng. Nguyn l iu khin
vect da trn tng iu khin vect ng c khng ng b tng t nh
iu khin ng c mt chiu. Phng php ny p ng c yu cu iu

chnh ca h thng trong qu trnh qu cng nh cht lng iu khin ti
u mmen. Vic iu khin vect da trn nh hng vect t thng rto c

th cho php iu khin tch ri hai thnh phn dng stator, t c th iu
khin c lp t thng v mmen ng c. Knh iu khin mmen thng
52
gm mt mch vng iu chnh tc v mt mch vng iu chnh thnh phn

dng in sinh mmen. Knh iu khin t thng thng gm mt mch vng
iu chnh dng in sinh t thng. Do h thng truyn ng in ng c

khng ng b c th to c cc c tnh tnh v ng cao, so snh c vi
ng c mt chiu.
T m hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b l mt h thng nhiu bin,
bc cao, phi tuyn, nhiu rng buc cht ch, thng qua php bin i ta , c
th lm n h bc ng thi n gin ho, nhng vn cha thay i bn cht
tnh phi tuyn v nhiu bin s ca n. Cht lng ng ca h thng iu tc
bin tn khng c nh mong mun, tham s ca b iu chnh rt kh thit
k chnh xc, vn chnh l ch i theo khi nim h thng iu khin
mt bin s m cha xt ti bn cht phi tuyn, nhiu bin s. V vn ny
nhiu nh chuyn mn dy cng nghin cu, n nm 1971 c 2 cng
trnh nghin cu: Nguyn l iu khin nh hng t trng ng c khng
ng b do F. Blaschke ca hng Seamens Cng ho Lin bang c thc hin,

v iu khin bin i ta in p stator ng c cm ng do P.C.
Custman v A.A. Clark M t c kt qu tt, v c cng b trong
sng ch pht minh ca h. Tri qua nhiu ci tin lin tc hnh thnh c
h thng iu tc bin tn iu khin vector m ngy nay tr nn rt ph
bin.
Da quy tc ca php chuyn i l to ra sc in ng quay ng b,
dng in xoay chiu mch stator iA, iB, iC qua php bin i 3/2, c th chuyn
i tng tng thnh dng in xoay chiu ta c nh 2 pha i1, i1; sau
li thng qua php bin i quay theo nh hng t trng rotor, c th
chuyn i tng ng thnh dng in mt chiu iM1, iT1 trn h ta quay
ng b.
53
Hnh 2.5. S cu trc bin i ta ng c khng ng b.

Trong : 3/2: Bin i 3 pha thnh 2 pha; VR: Bin i quay
ng b; : Gc gia trc M v trc (Trc A)
Nu ngi quan st ng trn li st t v cng quay vi h ta , th

ngi quan st s thy nh l mt ng c mt chiu, tng t thng 2 ca
rotor ng c xoay chiu ban u chnh l t thng ng c in mt chiu
tng ng. Cun dy M tng ng vi cun dy kch t ca ng c mt
chiu, iM1 (hay id1) tng ng vi dng in kch t, cun dy T tng ng
vi cun dy phn ng gi c nh, iT1 (hay iq1) tng ng vi dng in
phn ng v t l thun vi m men.
T quan h tng ng trn y c th m t dng s cu trc ca
ng c nh trn hnh 2.5. V tng th m ni, u vo 3 pha A, B, C, u ra

tc gc , l mt ng c khng ng b, qua php bin i 3/2 v bin i
quay ng b tr thnh mt ng c mt chiu u vo iM1, iT1 v u ra .
ng c khng ng b qua bin i ta c th tr thnh ng c mt

chiu tng ng, nh vy phng theo phng php iu khin ng c mt
chiu, tm ra lng iu khin ca ng c mt chiu, qua php bin i ngc
ta tng ng, li c th iu khin ng c khng ng b. Bi v i
tng phi tin hnh bin i ta l vector khng gian (c c trng bng
sc t ng) ca dng in, cho nn thng qua h thng iu khin thc hin
chuyn i ta c gi l h thng iu khin chuyn i vector
(Transvector Control System), gi tt l h thng iu khin vector (Vector
Control System), tng ca s nh trn hnh 2.6.
54
Hnh 2.6. tng cu trc h thng iu khin vect
Trong tn hiu cho trc v tn hiu phn hi i qua b iu khin

tng t nh h thng iu tc mt chiu dng, tn hiu t dng in kch
t
1
i*M1 v tn hiu t dng in mch rotor i*T1 , i qua b chuyn i quay VR-
*
*
, nhn c i1 , i1 , tip tc i qua php chuyn i 2 pha/3 pha nhn c
i*A1 , i*B1 , i*C1 . S dng ba dng in ny iu khin cng vi tn hiu iu khin

tn s 1 nhn c t b iu khin khng ch b bin tn iu khin dng
in, to ra dng in bin tn 3 pha m ng c iu tc yu cu.

Khi thit k h thng iu khin vector, c th cho rng b chuyn i
quay ngc VR-1 a vo pha sau b iu khin v khu chuyn i quay VR
trong bn thn ng c trit tiu nhau, b chuyn i 2/3 v b chuyn i 3/2
pha trong ng c trit tiu nhau, nu tip tc b qua tr do b bin tn sinh ra,
phn nt t trong khung trn hnh 2.6 c th b i hon ton, phn cn li rt
ging vi h thng iu tc mt chiu. C th tng tng rng, tnh nng trng
thi tnh v ng ca h thng iu tc bin tn xoay chiu iu khin vector
hon ton tng ng vi h thng iu tc mt chiu.
i vi cc h truyn ng bin tn - ng c xoay chiu th cu trc

iu khin vector ta theo t thng rotor l mt trong nhng cu trc iu khin
hin i nht. Cu trc ca h truyn ng nh hnh 2.7. Trong s hnh 2.7,
55
phn lc gm c ng c khng ng b ba pha rotor lng sc (ASM) v b

nghch lu (NL).
iSd
CD
uSd
CTU
uSq
e S
NL
uS CVTKG
uS
3
a b
S
iSd
MHD
e S
iSq
CTi
iSa
iS
iS
3
2
iSc
i*Sq
uc
ASM
FT
Hnh 2.7 : Cu trc iu khin vect ca h truyn ng

bin tn ng c ng b kch t nam chm vnh cu
Phn iu khin gm cc khi ch yu: cc sensor o dng 2 pha ng c

isa v isb, my o tc quay ca ng c; khu chuyn i dng 3 pha thnh 2
pha tng ng is, is; khu bin i to - d-q i vi dng in
(CTi) v khu bin i to d-q- i vi in p (CTu); khu MHD
dng tnh gc lch gia vc t t thng rotor vi trc chun (gc e); khu
iu chnh dng (CD) dng tnh cc thnh phn theo trc d v q ca in p

cn i vi cho ng c (usd v usq); khu iu ch vector khng gian dng
tnh thi gian lm vic ca cc kho IGBT ca khi nghch lu (ta, tb, tc); * l
56
gi tr t ca tc gc; isd* l gi tr t thnh phn theo trc d ca dng in,
y l thnh phn to ra t thng rotor v y c chn bng hng s.

thc hin tng trn y s phi gii quyt nhiu vn phc tp.
Trc tin l, iu khin tn s v iu khin dng in trng thi ng s
phi hp vi nhau nh th no? Vn ny cha h xut hin trong h thng
iu tc mt chiu, m trong h thng iu tc xoay chiu cn phi quan tm

gii quyt. Hai l, trong ng c mt chiu t thng lun l hng, cn trong h
thng iu tc bin tn iu khin vector th vn ny c duy tr ra sao?
2.2.3. iu khin trc tip momen (DTC: Direct Toque Control)

iu khin trc tip momen cho ng c khng ng b ba pha l
phng php iu khin trc tip ln momen in t, tc l i lng iu
khin gin tip.
Ni dung phng php da trn tc ng trc tip ca cc vect in p
ln vect t thng mc vng stator. Thay i trng thi ca vect t thng stator
dn n thay i trc tip ti momen in t ca ng c. Cc vec t in p
c chn la da trn sai lch ca t thng stator v momen in t vi cc

gi tr t. Tu thuc vo trng thi sai lch ca t thng v m men in t,
mt vect in p ti u nh trc c chn iu chnh i lng v
ng vi lng t. y l phng php iu khin n gin, t ph thuc vo

cc thng s ng c, p ng momen nhanh, linh hot.
Trong h truyn ng in bin tn - ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc
cho thang my la chn s dng phng php iu khin trc tip momen ng
c khng ng b vi s khi nh trn hnh 2.8.
Nh vy, u im ca phng php ny l ch quan tm n cc vect i
lng stato m khng cn xc nh v tr ca roto nn n gin, t ph thuc vo
cc thng s ca ng c, p ng momen nhanh, linh hot. Nhc im ca
phng php l do b iu chnh t thng l ON/OFF hai hoc ba v tr dn n
cc xung momen ng c nn khi lm vic tc thp kh n nh.
57
LL
NL
CLPWM
3 pha
BD
ASM
C
Udc
Scla,b,c
SNla,b,c
K chnh
lu PWM
FT
K nghch
lu
KCL
KNL
Hnh 2.8: S khi h bin tn ng c khng ng b,

iu khin trc tip mmen.
2.3. Kt lun
Vn s dng ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc, m ra trin
vng to ln cho vic ng dng ng c ny vo cc ph ti mang tnh cht th
nng. V k thut, h thng ny t cc ch tiu cao khi iu chnh tc cng
nh cc yu cu an ton khi vn hnh. V kinh t, m ra trin vng tit kim
in nng bng cch gim tn tht nh hm ti sinh v h s cng sut cos y 1.
58
CHNG III
KHO ST CHT LNG H THNG
BIN TN BA PHA NG C KHNG NG B CHO
CABIN THANG MY
3.1. Phn tch h truyn ng bin tn ng c khng ng b cho Cabin
thang my
3.1.1. Khi mch lc
Mch lc bao gm mt bin tn 4 gc phn t (Khi chnh lu CL to
in p cao mt chiu, khi nghch lu NL to in p ba pha xoay chiu vi

tn s mong mun). Chnh lu tch cc PWM c kh nng to ra in p mt
chiu u ra cao p ng c yu cu in p ngun ca bin tn trong h
thng truyn ng bin tn ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc, ngoi ra
n cn c mt s u im khc nh: m bo trao i cng sut hai chiu gia
ngun v ti, cho php ng c lm vic c ch hm ti sinh; dng qua
li c dng rt gn hnh sin; c th iu khin h s cng sut cos = 1.
Hnh 3.12 l s nguyn l phn mch lc ca h thng truyn ng. S
gm b in cm ngun L; hai s cu ba pha bng cc IGBT lm nhim

v chnh lu (CLPWM) v nghch lu (NL); t in C va l phn t c bn
trong s chnh lu PWM, va l phn t lc; ng c ASM.
uuLL
ASM
Hnh 3.12: S nguyn l phn lc truyn ng bin tn ng c khng ng b

rotor lng sc
59
3.1.2. Khi iu khin

a. iu khin chnh lu PWM:
C nhiu phng php iu khin b chnh lu tch cc PWM, mi
phng php iu khin c nhng u nhc im ring. Cc phng php iu
khin khc nhau c s khc nhau v i lng iu khin cng nh cu trc c
th ca h thng iu khin nhng u nhm t mc tiu chung l iu khin
v gi n nh gi tr in p mt chiu u ra theo gi tr t, khng ch h s
cng sut theo yu cu, m bo dng dng in li gn vi hnh sin v cho
php thc hin trao i cng sut hai chiu gia ti v ngun.
Vi mc tiu nghin cu cc c tnh ca h truyn ng dng ASM, m
n t ph thuc vo phng php iu khin chnh lu. Do vy, ch cn chn
mt trong cc phng php iu khin c gii thiu, y ta chn phng
php VOC.
Cu trc chi tit khi iu khin chnh lu PWM iu khin theo VOC
c biu din trn hnh 3.13. Cc khu chc nng c bn ca khi iu khin
chnh lu theo phng php VOC gm:
- Khu o dng in v c lng in p li: Thc hin o dng xoay
chiu u vo chnh lu (iLa, iLb), bin i dng in h ba pha sang vector
khng gian trn h to c nh - (iL, iL) v tnh cc thnh phn vector
in p li trn h to - (uL, uL).

- Khu bin i - k-: Thc hin xc nh gc gia vector in p
li v trc ca h to -, y cng l gc gia trc d ca h to quay
d-q vi trc ca hai h to c nh -, phc v cho vic chuyn to
cc vector dng v p.
60
- Khu bin i - d-q lm nhim v bin i h to vector dng

SCLa,b,c
iLb
iLa
Udc
Khu iu ch
rng xung PWM
Khu o dng v
c lng in p
li
iL
iL
uL
us
us
uL
Udc
sinUL
d-q
cosUL
PI
usd
usq
sinUL
d-q
iLd
U*dc
cosUL
iLq
PI
PI
iLq
i*Lq = 0
iLd
i*Ld
Hnh 3.13: Cu trc khi iu khin chnh lu PWM theo VOC
in li, u ra nhn c cc thnh phn ca vector dng in li trn h to

quay d-q (iLd, iLq).
- Khu bin i d-q - lm nhim v bin i h to vector in p
ti qui i, u ra nhn c cc thnh phn ca vector in p ti trn h to
- (us, us) dng iu khin khu iu ch rng xung PWM.

- Khu iu ch rng xung PWM: Thc hin to cc xung iu khin
cc kho ng ct ca mch lc, khu hot ng theo nguyn l iu ch vector
khng gian.
- Cc b iu chnh dng v p c la chn l cc b PI, tn hiu t ca
cc b iu chnh dng l
id*
*
c ly t u ra b iu chnh in p v iq = 0
(c ly bng khng theo iu kin h s cng sut bng 1). Nh vy, trn
61
thc t, h ch c mt tn hiu iu khin chung cho b chnh lu l tn hiu t
in p mt chiu U dc .
*
b. iu khin nghch lu:

Trn hnh 3.14 gii thiu khi iu khin nghch lu bao gm b iu
chnh tc quay (CTQ) theo lut t l tch phn (PI), cc khu chuyn i
ta khng gian, khu tnh gc quay, cc b iu chnh dng ba pha (RIa, RIb,
RIc), khi iu ch rng xung PWM. c tn hiu dng in v tc phc
v cho iu khin ca h thng ta s dng cc sensor o dng xoay chiu hai
pha ca ng c v my o tc quay (encoder). Cc tn hiu vo ca h
thng iu khin nghch lu gm c: Tn hiu t dng trc d (i*d) v tn hiu
tc gc (*r). Tn hiu t dng trc d c chn theo iu kin t thng
rotor khng i (i*d = const) v tn hiu t dng trc q (i*q) c ly t u ra
b iu chnh tc quay, c a n khu chuyn i ta d-q -,
tip sau l khu chuyn i - abc cho ta gi tr cn ca dng in ba pha
vo ng c i*a, i*b, i*c. Cc gi tr cn ca dng in c so snh vi gi tr
thc ca dng ng c, sau khi x l bi cc b iu chnh dng v sau c
dng iu khin khi iu ch rng xung PWM, to cc xung iu khin
ph hp khng ch cc kha ng ct mch lc.
Thut ton iu khin chnh lu PWM theo VOC, thut ton iu khin
vector phn nghch lu u c xy dng bng cc phn mm. Cc phn mm
c th c vit bng mt s ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau nh bng ngn ng
C hoc bng Matlab.
- Vit chng trnh bng ngn ng lp trnh C: Mt s thut ton iu khin
ca h truyn ng nh chng trnh tnh ton thi gian ng ct cc van
ca phn chnh lu PWM v phn nghch lu c bn ging nhau (khu iu
ch PWM) v c lp bng ngn ng lp trnh C.
62
ia*
id* =const
3
ej
iq*
RIa
ib*
RIb
ic*
Xung
K
cc
van
iu
ch
PWM
RIc
ia
ib
ic
ia
ia
ib
Khu tch
phn I
CTQ: PI
e
pm
p
2
Hnh 3.14: Cu trc khi iu khin nghch lu ca h truyn ng

bin tn ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc
- Vit chng trnh bng ngn ng Matlab: Ngoi chng trnh tnh ton
c vit bng ngn ng C, cc b iu chnh trong phn iu khin chnh lu
PWM v nghch lu, cc khu bin i to , mt s thut ton tnh ton c
lp trnh bng Matlab-Simulink.
63
3.2. Cc thng s ch yu ca h truyn ng bin tn ASM

3.2.1. ng c ASM
4,0
Cng sut P (KW)
in p (V)
Tn s (Hz)
Tc (vg/ph)
in tr stato Rs ()
in tr rotor Rr ()
in cm tn stato LIS (H)
in cm tn rotor LIr (H)
in cm t ho Lm (H)
S i cc (p)
M men qun tnh J (kg-m2)
S vng dy ni tip mt pha 1 pha
W(vng)
220/380
50
1435
0,5866
0,5066
0,0044
0,00401
0,016
2
0.059
174
3.2.2. S liu v bin tn

Thng s ngun vo khi chnh lu: U = 220/380V, f = 50Hz;
Phn mt chiu ca bin tn PWM: Udc = 650V, Idc = 15A
Thng s u ra ca bin tn: Umax =
2 U = 2 .220 = 311(V) ,
f = (5 50) Hz
64
3.3. S m phng v cc kt qu
3.3.1. S m phng h thng v s minh ha chi tit:
Trong h thng ny s dng iu khin chnh lu PWM l phng php
VOC, cn phn nghch lu s dng phng php iu khin trc tip m men
(DTC). S m phng ton h thng dng phn mm PLECS chy trong
MATLAB, c biu din trn hnh 3-15, v cc s biu din cc khi trong
hnh 3-15 c minh ha trn cc hnh v t 3-16 n 3-25.
enable
pulses
Enable
control
i_v si
pulses
v _dc
i_s
i_vsi
s_abc
750
v _ref
v_dc_ref
v _dc
PWM
PLECS
Circuit
i_ref
i_ref
100
Voltage
control
i_ref
reactive
T_m
v _dc
Current
control
s_BC
RRF->3ph
u_in
Circuit
Phi
-KDemux
3ph->RRF
U/i_in
Gain
t1
0
Out1 In1
Display
Fan_model
Display1
Enable
control1
In1
Out1
Out2
In2
Out3
In3
Out4
Inv_motor
Hnh 3-15: S m phng h bin tn 4Q - ng c khng ng

b ba pha rotor lng sc iu khin theo VOC - DTC
65
1
pulses
5
u_in
1
i_vsi
4
s_BC
4
v_dc
2
i_s
A
2-Level
IGBT C1
Converter
L: 0.01
R: 5
V: 325
w : 2*pi*50
Tm
ASM
m 3
3
T_m
2
s_abc
Hnh 3-16: Trin khai chi tit khi PLECS Circuit
pulses
gate
g(u)
IGBT1
gate
+
g(u): u>0
phase
phase
gate
+
phase
-
gate
+
g(u)
phase
-
IGBT2
g(u): u<0
Hnh 3-17: Trin khai chi tit khi IGBT

Converter
66
Hnh 3-18: Thng s ng c ASM
67
isa
Llsa
Rsa
Llra'
Rra'
vxa
vra'
ira'
ira
isb
Llsb
Rsb
Llrb'
vxb
Rrb'
irb vrab V
vrb'
irb'
A
isc
Llsc
Rsc
Llrc'
vxc
Rrc'
irb'1
vrbc V
vrc'
vrabc'<-vrab,vrbc
v rc'
v rb'
Lmc
vxc
vxa
vxb
v ra'
ira
ira'
isb
irb
irb'
isc
irc
irc'
isa
cos th
Lmb
cos th
v rbc
Lma
v rab
ira
irb
subsystem
wm
isa,isb
subsystem1
f(u)
f(u)
ids
idr
f(u)
f(u)
iqs
f(u)
iqr
f(u)
ids,iqs,idr,iqr
f(u)
f(u)
->phid
Te<-
f(u)
sin(th)
ira,irb,sin,cos
cos(th)
f(u)
cos 0-+
->phiq
cos(th-2/3*pi)
f(u)
cos(th+2/3*pi)
f(u)
Tm
->w m A
w m->
thetam A
f(u)
Te-Tm
Te,Tm
p*thetam
m
w m,th,Te,phids,phiqs
Hnh 3-19: M t ton hc ng c ASM
1
enable
2
m
3
v_dc
1/2
Gain
max
m'
Scale
3-Phase Symmetrical PWM
Modulation
Overmodulation
Index
Product1
MinMax
1
Minimum
Hnh 3-20: Khi iu khin PWM
68
pulses
-CEnable
v_N
10
1
m
1
i_ref
1
s
1000
Integrator
K*u
2
i
Decoupling
Hnh 3-21: Khi Current Control
Enable
1
1
v_ref
Saturation
1
s
20
I
Integrator
v_dc
Hnh 3-22: Khi Voltage Control
69
i_ref
2
1
Out2
Out1
Demux
Mechanical
In2
delta_wT_ref
T_ref
i_s
Step
Speed Control
s_abc
Magnetic
Out3
v _dc
In3
In1
Direct Torque Control
Electrical
4
Out4
Break Chopper Control
Hnh 3-23: Khi Inv_Motor
Psi Sector(Psi)
1
Flux Sector
0.5
Phase Voltages
1
s
f(u)
Flux
Abs
Z-Tab
Flux Control
3
Stator
Resistance
Flux Reference
0.5866
v_dc
f(u)
2
Torque
i_s
1
Torque Control
[2*4.02]
T_ref
IC
Hnh 3-24: Khi Inv_Motor/ Direct Torque Control
70
NOT
s_abc
In1
Out
In2
Anti Reset-Windup
1
s
1000
1
Product
Integrator
delta_w
1
Sum
100
T_ref
Torque
Limiter
Hnh 3-25: Khi Inv_Motor/ Speed Control
3.3.2. Cc kt qu m phng
Thc hin m phng h thng vi gi thit ti t = 0 bt u cp ngun
xoay chiu vo b bin tn v kch hot s hot ng ca chnh lu PWM. Ti t
= 1,25s tc ng gim tc t mt lng 10rad/s. Cc kt qu m phng
c biu din trn cc hnh 3-26, 3-27 v 3.28.

Dac tinh toc do cua cabin thang may
35
30
25
n (m p h )
20
15
10
-5
0.5
1.5
t(s)
2.5
Hnh 3-26. th tc ca Cabin
71
Dac tinh mo men cua cabin
10
m thuc
m dat
mo men
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
0.5
1.5
t(s)
2.5
Hnh 3-27. th m men ca Cabin
Dac tinh toc do va mo men cua cabin
80
60
40
n va m
20
-20
-40
-60
-80
0.5
1.5
t(s)
2.5
Hnh 3-28. th tc v m men ca Cabin
72
3.4. Kt lun:
H truyn ng bin tn - ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc p
ng c yu cu cng ngh ca mt cabin thang my nh cao tng. V vy,

mc d gi thnh ca loi bin tn ny cao gp i so vi bin tn thng thng
nhng vi h truyn ng ny, c bit l khi ng dng vo cc h thng thang
my, my bm, qut gi, l rt ph hp.
73
KT LUN V KIN NGH

Kt lun chung
Hin nay, i vi cc h thng truyn ng in hin i, ng c khng
ng b rotor lng sc ang c thay th dn ng c in mt chiu. iu
c c l do ng dng bin tn iu khin vect l ngun cung cp cho ng
c xoay chiu. iu ny dn n cht lng sn phm u ra, hiu qu kinh t
ca mt h thng cng ngh c ci thin r rt.
- Lun vn bc u tm hiu v bin tn v h truyn ng bin tn
ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc. C th, nghin cu v bin tn tit kim
nng lng c th lm vic c 4 gc phn t, cho php h hm ti sinh.
- Lun vn hon thnh nhng yu cu t ra l tm ra c cc gii
php kh thi iu khin tc ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc cho
cabin thang my theo gin tc yu cu.
- Cn c vo kt qu m phng ta thy: Cht lng iu khin tt.
Kin ngh
Do thi gian c hn nn lun vn ch dng li kt qu m phng, tuy
nhin kt qu m phng cng cho thy tnh ng n ca ti cn nghin cu.
Cn rt nhiu vn lin quan cng nh trong nhng qu trnh s dng c th
cn c nghin cu v y cng l nn tng cho nhng ti tip theo tng
bc khai thc v thc hin. V d nh :
- Hm ti sinh tr nng lng v li khi s dng bin tn 4Q
- Cc phng php iu khin vect khi s dng ng c xoay chiu,....
------------------------------o0o------------------------------
74
TI LIU THAM KHO

Ting Vit
1.
Trn Khnh H (1997), My in tp 1, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.
2.
Bi Quc Khnh, NguynVn Lin, Phm Quc Hi, Dng Vn Nghi (2002), T
ng iu chnh truyn ng in, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.
3.
V Gia Hanh, Phan T Th (1992- Bin dch), My in, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v

k thut, H Ni.
4.
Bi Quc Khnh, Nguyn Vn Lin (2007), C s truyn ng in, Nh xut bn

khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.
5.
Nguyn Phng Quang (1996), iu khin t ng truyn ng in xoay chiu ba

pha, Nh xut bn Gio dc, H Ni.
6.
Nguyn Phng Quang, (2003) MATLAB & Simulink dnh cho k s iu khin t
ng, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.
Bi Quc Khnh, ng Hng Hi, on Vn Tun (2010), iu bin vecto khng

gian cho bin tn ma trn gin tip 3 pha -4 dy, Tp ch Khoa hc Cng
ngh Hng hi s 22 04/2010
Bi Quc Khnh, ng Hng Hi, on Vn Tun (2010), Thit k chuyn mch cho
bin tn ma trn trc tip 3 pha 4 dy, Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng
hi s 24 11/2010
Ting Anh
9
A. S. Mostafa, A. L. Mohamadein, E. M. Rashad (1993), Analysis of seriesconnected

wound-rotor
self-excited
induction
generater,
IEEE
PROCEEDINGS-B, 140 (5), 329-335.
10
Adel L. Mohamadein, Yasser G. Dessouky, Mohmoud S. Abouzid (2000), Theory

and Performance of Series Connected Synchronous Motors, IEEE.
11
C. Daoshen and B. K. Bose (1992), Expert system based automated selection of

industrial AC drives, IEE IAS Annu. Meet. Conf. Rec., pp 387-392.
12. S. M. Chhaya and B. K. Bose (1992), Expert system based automated design
technique of a voltage-fed inverter for induction motor drive, IEE IAS Annu.
Meet. Conf. Rec., pp 770-778.
13. S. M. Chhaya and B. K. Bose (1995), Expert system aided automated design,
simulation and controller tuning of ac drive system, IEE IECON Conf. Rec.,
pp 712-718.
14. Essam E. M. Rashad, Mostafa E. Abdel Karim (1996), Yasser G. Dessouky, Theory
75
and Analysis of Three-phase Series-connected Parametric Motors, IEEE

Transaction on Energy Conversion, Vol 11 (4), pp715-720.
15. dSPACE (2004), dSPACE 1103 User manual version 4.1
16. K. H. Bayer, H. Waldmann and M. Weibelzahl (1972), Fiel-oriented close loop
control of a synchronous machine with the new transvector control system,
Siemens Review, vol. 39, pp 220-223.
17. Mariusz Malinowski (2001), Sensorless Control Strategies for Three Phase PWM
Rectifiers, Warsaw, Poland.
18
P. Barrass, M. Cade (1999), PWM rectifier using indirect voltage sensing, Proc.IEEElect. Power Applicat., 146 (5), 539-544.
19. Plexim GmbH, PLECS - Piece-wise Linear Electrical Circuit Simulation for
Simulink, User Manual, ver 1.2.
20. The Mathworks, Simulink-Dynamic System Simulation for Matlab, Help file in
Matlab7.01 R14.
76

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I HC THI NGUYN

TRNG I HC K THUT CNG NGHIP

NGHIN CU B BIN I NGHCH LU BA PHA

LUN VN THC S K THUT

THI NGUYN - 2012

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

NGHIN CU B BIN I NGHCH LU BA PHA

CB hng dn khoa hc : PGS.TS. Nguyn Nh Hin

PGS.TS. Nguyn Nh Hin

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

Danh mc cc k hiu v ch vit tt

GII THIU V BIN TN BA PHA

1.1.2. B bin tn trc tip

1.1.3. B bin tn gin tip

1.1.3.1. B bin tn gin tip dng chnh lu iu khin

1.1.3.2. B bin tn dng chnh lu khng iu khin c thm b

1.1.3.3. B bin tn dng b chnh lu khng iu khin vi b

1.1.3.4. Bin tn iu khin vector

1.2. Bin tn ba pha

1.2.1. Gii thiu chung

1.2.2. Bin tn ba pha trc tip

1.2.3. Bin tn ba pha gian tip

1.3. La chn hng ng dng cho h thng truyn ng s dng bin tn 26

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

1.3.3.3. Yu cu v dng chnh xc, tit kim nng lng v an ton. 33

NGHIN CU H THNG BIN TN BA PHA

2.1.1. c im ca m hnh ton hc trng thi ng ca ng c

2.1.2. M hnh ton hc nhiu bin ca ng c KB ba pha

2.1.2.1. Phng trnh in p

2.1.2.2. Phng trnh t thng

2.1.2.3. Phng trnh chuyn ng

2.1.2.4. Phng trnh m men

2.1.2.5. M hnh ton hc ng c khng ng b ba pha

2.2. Gii thiu v iu khin tn s ng c khng ng b

2.2.2. iu khin nh hng theo t trng (FOC: Field Oriented

2.2.3. iu khin trc tip mo men (DTC: Direct Toque Control)

3.1. Phn tch h truyn ng bin tn ng c khng ng b cho

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

3.1.1. Khi mch lc

3.1.2. Khi iu khin

3.2. Cc thng s ch yu ca h truyn ng bin tn ASM

3.2.2. S liu v bin tn

TI LIU THAM KHO

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu

DANH MC CC K HIU V CH VIT TT

Gc pha ca vector chun

H s khuych i, h s tch phn

Cng sut tc dng tc thi

Cng sut phn khng tc thi

Gi tr thi gian tc thi

Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to -

Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to -

Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to d - q

Thnh phn vector t thng o trn h trc to d - q

Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to -

Thnh phn vector in p li trn h trc to -

So hoa bi Trung tam Hoc lieu