Laguna State Polytechnic University San Pablo City Campus

Brgy. Del Remedio, San Pablo City, Laguna

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in

ECE 327

Electronic Circuit Analysis

and Design

Submitted by:
Casiquin, Alixis
Constantino, Kenneth
Montano, Ron Lenard
Submitted to:
Engr. Mia Capuno

February 28, 2014

Background of the Study

Amplifiers are electronic circuit that transform a weak signal into a

more powerful one with a greater voltage or current. They are often
described by the technology of the amplifying device used. Solid-state
amplifiers employ semiconductor devices such as transistor and integrated
circuits. Tube amplifiers employ vacuum tubes.
One way of classifying amplifier is according to the frequency range of
the signal they can handle. An audio amplifier handles the frequencies of
sounds audible to the ear, from below 20 hertz (cycle per second) to more
than 20,000 hertz (20 kHz).
The basic principle of electronic amplifier was established in 1907,
when Lee De Forest invented the audion, or triode, tube. If a small signal
voltage is fed to the tubes control grid, it produces a larger signal voltage
(with the same pattern of variation) in the tubes circuit. The ratio of output
to input voltage is the circuits gain. Transistor amplifier circuits operate in
analogous manner. In effect, the amplifying device (tube or transistor) acts
as an electronic valve. The input signal controls the valve, causing it to
modulate the current or voltage from the power supply. As a result, the
output signal from the power supply becomes a magnified copy of the input
signals waveform.
The quality and usefulness of an amplifier depend on several factors.
These include its frequency response (the range of frequencies for which the
output signal is an accurate copy of the input), its freedom from distortion

(errors that cause the output signal to be an inaccurate copy of the input),
and its maximum output.
Courtesy: Grolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge

Materials
Type

Resistors

Tuner

NPN Transistor

Specification

Quantity

10

1 k

1.5 k

3.3 k

10 k

15 k

560 k

50 k

1 M

C-828

.0022

.01

.1

4.7 F
47 F

4
2

Capacitors

Integrated Circuit

100 F

1000 F

1
1