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    Amri Ashshiddieq
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    Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition caused by prolonged reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, oral cavity, and respiratory system. It is prevalent in developed countries, affecting up to 40% of healthy adults. The pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally acts as a barrier against reflux. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, and hiatal hernia. Symptoms include heartburn and regurgitation; complications can include esophagitis, strictures, and Barrett's esophagus, which increases cancer risk. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and pH monitoring. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, medications like proton pump inhibitors

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    Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition caused by prolonged reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, oral cavity, and respiratory system. It is prevalent in developed countries, affecting up to 40% of healthy adults. The pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally acts as a barrier against reflux. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, and hiatal hernia. Symptoms include heartburn and regurgitation; complications can include esophagitis, strictures, and Barrett's esophagus, which increases cancer risk. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and pH monitoring. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, medications like proton pump inhibitors

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    7 views13 pages

    Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Gerd)

    Uploaded by

    Amri Ashshiddieq
    Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition caused by prolonged reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, oral cavity, and respiratory system. It is prevalent in developed countries, affecting up to 40% of healthy adults. The pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally acts as a barrier against reflux. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, and hiatal hernia. Symptoms include heartburn and regurgitation; complications can include esophagitis, strictures, and Barrett's esophagus, which increases cancer risk. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and pH monitoring. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, medications like proton pump inhibitors

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    GastroEsophageal

    Reflux Disease (GERD)


    Marijo ukelj
    Mentor: A. mega Horvat

    Definition

    prolonged reflux of hydrochloric acid


    and pepsin in esophagus, oral cavity
    and respiratory system
    chronic and relapsing condition
    leads to esophagitis and other
    postinflammatory conditions of
    intestinal and respiratory mucosa

    Epidemiology

    developed
    countries
    epidemic
    proportions; present
    in 40% of healthy
    population
    adults: male, over
    40
    low mortality

    Pathophysiology

    dysfunction of LES
    (lower esophageal
    sphincter)
    barrier function:
    prevents reflux by
    mutual contraction
    with diaphragm
    retains high
    pressure during
    gastric digestion

    Risk factors

    prolonged gastric emptying


    obesity
    pregnancy
    hiatal hernia
    trauma
    transient LES relaxation - nocturnal,
    postprandial

    Symptoms:
    HEARTBURN
    - retrosternal burning pain
    and
    neck

    - may start in abdomen


    extend up into the

    Other symptoms:

    regurgitation - appearance of
    refluxed
    liquid in the oral cavity
    globus syndrome
    respiratory symptoms atypical
    symptoms connected to asthma,
    hoarseness, hiccough
    nausea - resulting in vomiting
    uncommon symptom

    Complications:

    chronic esophagitis
    erosive changes
    strictures
    DYSPHAGIA
    Barrets esopgagus
    dysplasia
    adenocarcinoma

    Diagnosis:

    clinical evaluation of
    sypmtoms, excluding
    other possible causes
    (pectoral angina)
    endoscopic procedure:
    >esophagogastroscopy
    with biopsy
    pH metrics: 24-hour
    intraluminal monitoring

    Treatment - non
    medicament:

    Lifestyle
    modification:

    Medications:

    proton pump inhibitors


    H2 antagonists
    antacids
    surgical and endocsopic procedures

    References:

    Wikipedia
    Vrhovac: Interna medicina
    youtube:Understanding GERD
    (GERD #1

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